537 lines
70 KiB
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537 lines
70 KiB
XML
<document id="BB81AF020E7A552DA904F5ACB21EA86F" ID-CLB-Dataset="8636" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4917.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="58d3914a-d15e-4a52-90c9-54aeb06d9ee7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4472033" ID-ZooBank="D89148CE-EE8A-46B8-8D8B-8F5790063FC4" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1611650017578" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Weissman, David B., Vandergast, Amy G., Song, Hojun, Shin, Seunggwan, Mckenna, Duane D. & Ueshima, Norihiro" docDate="2021" docId="03A4C4208A35FB069B84258B1CD0FEA2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4917.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4917 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Stenopelmatus piceiventris Walker" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="FF9DBC588A71FB4C9B1321311F19FFC7" masterDocTitle="Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea: Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus" masterLastPageNumber="122" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="69" updateTime="1698925285201" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="2A3B617C61A8EA643D11ECBCDF35D00C">Generic relationships of New World Jerusalem crickets (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea: Stenopelmatinae), including all known species of Stenopelmatus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E55F4810971AD46804C3677BFA781640">Weissman, David B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0A11CD69A97CFFF571B905CA4DFAAD41" type="email">gryllus@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2F0042AB210F98709626D16E6DA21D61">Vandergast, Amy G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="44551361BE83441CB186B72640E302FB" type="email">avandergast@usgs.gov</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="8F48A4185380B378AC7F5B3C5C9D0B59">Song, Hojun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CF19F2BCA55EFD9583F251853095D798" type="email">hsong@tamu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A48AE3EE1C2216E159DAA47993BB6F3C">Shin, Seunggwan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AE4B95CE252717FC0BEC1A88729F6138">Mckenna, Duane D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BA86F0CA82285BEA38AD36C6FCE30977" type="email">dmckenna@memphis.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="0406B5A4D6825D0498F7AAE5B92356D4">Ueshima, Norihiro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8EB78ED9427A7B28CCCD6246230A34D0" type="email">gryllus@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="533738DF061D7BA43B5C3E5C1DA4D718">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D9256714A99187374F25696C353037E6">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1AE20F067E42210FE841C391C93C660A">2021-01-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1F0B781028F673500D55CD6470C0B192">4917</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="590AA696A053459BCB9109269B33CA4A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4917.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A4C4208A35FB069B84258B1CD0FEA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4467640" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177134729" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4467640" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A4C4208A35FB069B84258B1CD0FEA2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A4C4208A35FB069B84258B1CD0FEA2" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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<subSubSection id="C31726BD8A35FB089B84258B1EA2FB3F" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB275368A35FB089B84258B1D26FB12" blockId="68.[151,575,1210,1309]" box="[151,575,1210,1237]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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<heading id="D0FAC25A8A35FB089B84258B1D26FB12" bold="true" box="[151,575,1210,1237]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A35FB089B84258B1D26FB12" ID-CoL="5239F" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" box="[151,575,1210,1237]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceiventris">
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<emphasis id="B979A9248A35FB089B84258B1D26FB12" bold="true" box="[151,575,1210,1237]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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<emphasis id="B979A9248A35FB089B84258B1EC2FB13" bold="true" box="[151,475,1210,1237]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Stenopelmatus piceiventris</emphasis>
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Walker
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB275368A35FB089B8425EE1EA2FB3F" blockId="68.[151,575,1210,1309]" box="[151,443,1246,1273]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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<collectingRegion id="49C9BBD48A35FB089B8425EE1FF2FB3E" box="[151,235,1247,1273]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
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Jerusalem Cricket
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31726BD8A35FB069B8424331CD0FEA2" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB275368A35FB089B8424331EAFFADA" blockId="68.[151,575,1210,1309]" box="[151,438,1282,1309]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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<figureCitation id="133669B38A35FB089B8424331E28FADA" box="[151,305,1282,1309]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 110" captionStart-1="FIGURE 111" captionStart-2="FIGURE 112" captionStart-3="FIGURE 113" captionStart-4="FIGURE 114" captionStart-5="FIGURE 115" captionStart-6="FIGURE 116" captionStart-7="FIGURE 117" captionStart-8="FIGURE 118" captionStart-9="FIGURE 119" captionStartId-0="69.[151,250,1336,1360]" captionStartId-1="69.[151,250,2017,2041]" captionStartId-2="70.[151,250,714,738]" captionStartId-3="70.[151,250,1777,1801]" captionStartId-4="71.[151,250,1236,1260]" captionStartId-5="71.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionStartId-6="72.[151,250,751,775]" captionStartId-7="72.[151,250,1599,1623]" captionStartId-8="73.[151,250,1009,1033]" captionStartId-9="73.[151,250,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox-0="[374,1193,208,1291]" captionTargetBox-1="[421,1166,1379,1993]" captionTargetBox-2="[476,1112,189,689]" captionTargetBox-4="[399,1186,181,1201]" captionTargetBox-5="[313,1275,1352,1918]" captionTargetBox-6="[384,1203,181,727]" captionTargetBox-7="[538,1048,1231,1575]" captionTargetBox-8="[465,1123,414,982]" captionTargetBox-9="[383,1203,1380,1918]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@69.[364,1224,179,1310]" captionTargetId-1="figure-40@69.[421,1166,1379,1993]" captionTargetId-2="figure-21@70.[476,1112,181,689]" captionTargetId-3="figure-41@70.[384,1204,762,1753]" captionTargetId-4="figure-19@71.[396,1191,176,1213]" captionTargetId-5="figure-72@71.[309,1278,1352,1919]" captionTargetId-6="figure-21@72.[384,1203,181,727]" captionTargetId-7="figure-226@72.[538,1048,1231,1575]" captionTargetId-8="figure-124@73.[465,1123,414,982]" captionTargetId-9="figure-269@73.[382,1206,1379,1921]" captionTargetPageId-0="69" captionTargetPageId-1="69" captionTargetPageId-2="70" captionTargetPageId-3="70" captionTargetPageId-4="71" captionTargetPageId-5="71" captionTargetPageId-6="72" captionTargetPageId-7="72" captionTargetPageId-8="73" captionTargetPageId-9="73" captionText-0="FIGURE 110. Holotype S. piceiventris adult female. Note micropterous fore wing (arrows), enlarged in next Figure." captionText-1="FIGURE 111. Enlarged photo, holotype, showing fully developed (arrow), left oval fore wing." captionText-2="FIGURE 112. Holotype female hind leg tibial spines: 3 outer (left) and 4 inner (right)." captionText-3="FIGURE 113. Adult male S. piceiventris from 2 km S La Esparanza." captionText-4="FIGURE 114. Adult male S. piceiventris from 2 km S La Esparanza. In top photo, both fore wings (arrows) have been elevated for identification. Left hind tibia (bottom photo) showing 4 (1 small) outer and 4 inner spines. Right tibia with 3 outer and 4 inner spines." captionText-5="FIGURE 115. Face (left photo) of above adult male, from La Esparanza, showing present, but reduced lateral carinae (arrows) of furrow. “Artifactual” small hind wing (right photo, red arrow), created by traumatic inspection of underside of fore wing (blue arrow), in same adult male from La Esparanza." captionText-6="FIGURE 116. Field of pegs and hairs (arrow) under left wing in adult male of S. piceiventris from La Esperanza (head toward top of photo). Photo C. Grinter." captionText-7="FIGURE 117. Live late instar S. piceiventris from Sierra de Juárez (S06-36, photo D.C. Lightfoot)." captionText-8="FIGURE 118. Late instar from Cerro Iguana, with arrow pointing to tear-shaped wing pad. Compare shape of this pad with more oval pad seen in adults in Fig. 111." captionText-9="FIGURE 119. Karyotype S. piceiventris, 2nƋ= 27, with 6 pairs metacentric autosomes, 7 pairs rod shaped autosomes, and metacentric X. Top photo, individual T16-1. Bottom photo, individual T16-2." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472184" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472186" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472188" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4475805" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472190" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472194" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472196" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472198" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472200" figureDoi-9="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472202" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4472184/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4472186/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4472188/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4475805/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/4472190/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/4472194/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/4472196/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/4472198/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/4472200/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/4472202/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs 110–119</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="C68F408D8A35FB089A2F24331E83FADA" box="[316,410,1282,1309]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="15.[151,170,493,520]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 1. Summary of adult measurements (mm) in Stenopelmatus taxa with multiple adult specimens." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7225BE8A7EFB439B8420DC1BEFFDCF" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" tableUuid="DF7225BE8A7EFB439B8420DC1BEFFDCF">Tables 1</tableCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="C68F408D8A35FB089ABB24321EAFFADA" box="[424,438,1283,1309]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="17.[151,257,689,718]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,735,1874]" captionText="TABLE 2. Stenopelmatus character summary sheet." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7225BE8A60FB5D9B8423801C2DFD09" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" tableUuid="DF7225BE8A60FB5D9B8423801C2DFD09">2</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB275368A35FB089B84247B1E73F8FE" blockId="68.[151,1437,1354,2029]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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1869.
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<emphasis id="B979A9248A35FB089BF3247B1D0EFAA3" box="[224,535,1354,1380]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A35FB089BF3247B1D0AFAA3" box="[224,531,1354,1380]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceiventris">Stenopelmatus piceiventris</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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||
Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria in the Collection of the British Museum 1:197.
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<typeStatus id="54B6CB948A35FB089AB5245F1D17FA4F" box="[422,526,1390,1416]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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adult female in NHMUK (
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<figureCitation id="133669B38A35FB089855245F1CB5FA4E" box="[838,940,1390,1417]" captionStart="FIGURE 110" captionStartId="69.[151,250,1336,1360]" captionTargetBox="[374,1193,208,1291]" captionTargetId="figure-19@69.[364,1224,179,1310]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURE 110. Holotype S. piceiventris adult female. Note micropterous fore wing (arrows), enlarged in next Figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472184" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472184/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs 110</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133669B38A35FB0898AA245E1CFCFA4E" box="[953,997,1391,1417]" captionStart="FIGURE 111" captionStartId="69.[151,250,2017,2041]" captionTargetBox="[421,1166,1379,1993]" captionTargetId="figure-40@69.[421,1166,1379,1993]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURE 111. Enlarged photo, holotype, showing fully developed (arrow), left oval fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472186" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472186/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">111</figureCitation>
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): (1) red label
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||
<typeStatus id="54B6CB948A35FB089F83245F1BE5FA4F" box="[1168,1276,1390,1416]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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. (2)
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<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A35FB089E22245F1EF7FA6A" authority="Walker. No" authorityName="Walker. No" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceiventris">Stenopelmatus piceiventris Walker. No</taxonomicName>
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||
locality on labels or in original description.
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||
<typeStatus id="54B6CB948A35FB0898FF24A31B4DFA6B" box="[1004,1108,1426,1452]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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measurements in mm: Body length 42, hind femur length 14.5, hind femur width 4.9. Hind tibia with 3 outer and 4 inner spines (
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<figureCitation id="133669B38A35FB089FE524871A41FA16" box="[1270,1368,1462,1489]" captionStart="FIGURE 112" captionStartId="70.[151,250,714,738]" captionTargetBox="[476,1112,189,689]" captionTargetId="figure-21@70.[476,1112,181,689]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURE 112. Holotype female hind leg tibial spines: 3 outer (left) and 4 inner (right)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472188/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 112</figureCitation>
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). This morphologically unique species was immediately recognized from an adult male (
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<figureCitation id="133669B38A35FB089F2924EB1B86FA32" box="[1082,1183,1498,1525]" captionStart="FIGURE 113" captionStartId="70.[151,250,1777,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-41@70.[384,1204,762,1753]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURE 113. Adult male S. piceiventris from 2 km S La Esparanza." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4475805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4475805/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs 113</figureCitation>
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133669B38A35FB089FBE24EA1BC0FA32" box="[1197,1241,1499,1525]" captionStart="FIGURE 114" captionStartId="71.[151,250,1236,1260]" captionTargetBox="[399,1186,181,1201]" captionTargetId="figure-19@71.[396,1191,176,1213]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIGURE 114. Adult male S. piceiventris from 2 km S La Esparanza. In top photo, both fore wings (arrows) have been elevated for identification. Left hind tibia (bottom photo) showing 4 (1 small) outer and 4 inner spines. Right tibia with 3 outer and 4 inner spines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472190/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">114</figureCitation>
|
||
), with hooks and similar micropterous fore wings, collected by Matthew Van Dam, in 2004, in the mountains northeast of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C9BBD48A35FB089E5224CE1A81F9DE" box="[1345,1432,1535,1561]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A35A68A35FB089B8427131FF6F9FB" box="[151,239,1570,1596]" name="Mexico" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, along Highway 175, at
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5D8D38A35FB089AED27121D2FF9FB" box="[510,566,1570,1597]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
S La Esparanza. Measurements of that adult male, in mm: Body length 40.15, hind femur length 18.06, hind femur width 5.81. Fore tibia with 3 ventral spurs; middle leg tibia with 8 calcars, 2 ventral spurs; hind leg tibia with 4 outer and 4 inner spines, 2 ventral spurs. Face with only lateral carinae of furrow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133669B38A35FB089BB327BF1E1AF96E" box="[160,259,1678,1705]" captionStart="FIGURE 115" captionStartId="71.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[313,1275,1352,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-72@71.[309,1278,1352,1919]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIGURE 115. Face (left photo) of above adult male, from La Esparanza, showing present, but reduced lateral carinae (arrows) of furrow. “Artifactual” small hind wing (right photo, red arrow), created by traumatic inspection of underside of fore wing (blue arrow), in same adult male from La Esparanza." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472194/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 115</figureCitation>
|
||
). There are no hind wings under the fore wings, which appear “folded” along the inner margin. If care is not taken while checking for a hind wing, this fore wing can be easily split along the fold line which then gives the false impression of a hind wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133669B38A35FB08992927E71D85F936" box="[570,668,1750,1777]" captionStart="FIGURE 115" captionStartId="71.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[313,1275,1352,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-72@71.[309,1278,1352,1919]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIGURE 115. Face (left photo) of above adult male, from La Esparanza, showing present, but reduced lateral carinae (arrows) of furrow. “Artifactual” small hind wing (right photo, red arrow), created by traumatic inspection of underside of fore wing (blue arrow), in same adult male from La Esparanza." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472194/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 115</figureCitation>
|
||
). Subsequent careful inspection of many early instars and adults all confirm the absence of a hind wing at any stage. There is also an area of short hairs under these fore wings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133669B38A35FB089E7C27CB1FD8F8FE" captionStart="FIGURE 116" captionStartId="72.[151,250,751,775]" captionTargetBox="[384,1203,181,727]" captionTargetId="figure-21@72.[384,1203,181,727]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURE 116. Field of pegs and hairs (arrow) under left wing in adult male of S. piceiventris from La Esperanza (head toward top of photo). Photo C. Grinter." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472196/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 116</figureCitation>
|
||
) in both sexes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A35FB089BD426731E62F80E" blockId="68.[151,1437,1354,2029]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
Of notable significance, the smallest instars, around
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5D8D38A35FB08980726721C7AF89A" box="[788,867,1859,1885]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length and over 1+ years, and many molts from adult, have visible wing pads. Adult fore wings more oval in shape as opposed to teardrop shape of earlier instars (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="133669B38A35FB089BDE26BB1E32F862" box="[205,299,1930,1957]" captionStart="FIGURE 118" captionStartId="73.[151,250,1009,1033]" captionTargetBox="[465,1123,414,982]" captionTargetId="figure-124@73.[465,1123,414,982]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="FIGURE 118. Late instar from Cerro Iguana, with arrow pointing to tear-shaped wing pad. Compare shape of this pad with more oval pad seen in adults in Fig. 111." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472200/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 118</figureCitation>
|
||
below).
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B657F6B8A35FB089A8126BA1E6EF80E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026613302" collectorName="Sierra de Juarez Mountains NE Oaxaca" country="Mexico" location="Sierra de Juarez Mountains" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Oaxaca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A35FB089A8126BA1DEBF863" bold="true" box="[402,754,1930,1957]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B6CB948A35FB089A8126BA1ED4F862" box="[402,461,1931,1957]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality here designated
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A35FB08981826BB1CD2F863" bold="true" box="[779,971,1930,1956]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A35A68A35FB08981826BB1C7DF863" box="[779,868,1930,1956]" name="Mexico" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A35FB08986126BB1CD2F863" bold="true" box="[882,971,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C9BBD48A35FB08986126BB1CD2F863" box="[882,971,1930,1956]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26F810E08A35FB0898C926BB1A85F862" box="[986,1436,1930,1957]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<location id="8ED223ED8A35FB0898C926BB1A0BF863" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A4C4208A35FB069B84258B1CD0FEA2:8ED223ED8A35FB0898C926BB1A0BF863" box="[986,1298,1930,1957]" country="Mexico" name="Sierra de Juarez Mountains" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" stateProvince="Oaxaca">Sierra de Juárez Mountains</location>
|
||
NE Oaxaca
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
along Highway 175
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A35FB089BD426E31BE2F82A" blockId="68.[151,1437,1354,2029]" box="[199,1275,2002,2029]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A35FB089BD426E31E41F82B" box="[199,344,2002,2028]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Only known from the Sierra de Juárez Mountains NE
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C9BBD48A35FB0898AF26E21B09F82A" box="[956,1040,2003,2029]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
along Highway 175.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7225BE8A34FB099B8424091A2EFA97" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472184" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4472184" box="[151,1335,1336,1360]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472184/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" startId="69.[151,250,1336,1360]" targetBox="[374,1193,208,1291]" targetPageId="69">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A34FB099B8424091A2EFA97" blockId="69.[151,1335,1336,1360]" box="[151,1335,1336,1360]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A34FB099B8424091E32FA97" bold="true" box="[151,299,1336,1360]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">FIGURE 110.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A34FB099A8524091D3CFA97" box="[406,549,1336,1360]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A34FB099A8524091D3CFA97" box="[406,549,1336,1360]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">S. piceiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
adult female. Note micropterous fore wing (arrows), enlarged in next Figure.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7225BE8A34FB099B8426D01B40F83E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472186" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4472186" box="[151,1113,2017,2041]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472186/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" startId="69.[151,250,2017,2041]" targetBox="[421,1166,1379,1993]" targetPageId="69">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A34FB099B8426D01B40F83E" blockId="69.[151,1113,2017,2041]" box="[151,1113,2017,2041]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A34FB099B8426D01E33F83E" bold="true" box="[151,298,2017,2041]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">FIGURE 111.</emphasis>
|
||
Enlarged photo, holotype, showing fully developed (arrow), left oval fore wing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7225BE8A37FB0A9B8423FB1B11FD25" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472188" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4472188" box="[151,1032,714,738]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472188/files/figure.png" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" startId="70.[151,250,714,738]" targetBox="[476,1112,189,689]" targetPageId="70">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A37FB0A9B8423FB1B11FD25" blockId="70.[151,1032,714,738]" box="[151,1032,714,738]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A37FB0A9B8423FB1E32FD25" bold="true" box="[151,299,714,738]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">FIGURE 112.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype female hind leg tibial spines: 3 outer (left) and 4 inner (right).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7225BE8A37FB0A9B8427C01C4DF8CE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4475805" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4475805" box="[151,852,1777,1801]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4475805/files/figure.png" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" targetBox="[385,1204,768,1740]" targetPageId="70">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A37FB0A9B8427C01C4DF8CE" blockId="70.[151,852,1777,1801]" box="[151,852,1777,1801]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A37FB0A9B8427C01E32F8CE" bold="true" box="[151,299,1777,1801]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">FIGURE 113.</emphasis>
|
||
Adult male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A37FB0A9ABB27C31D2EF8CE" box="[424,567,1778,1801]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A37FB0A9ABB27C31D2EF8CE" box="[424,567,1778,1801]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">S. piceiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from 2 km S La Esparanza.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A37FB0A9BD426091D31F826" blockId="70.[151,1437,1847,2017]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A37FB0A9BD426091ECCF896" box="[199,469,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Recognition characters.</emphasis>
|
||
One of only 3
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A37FB0A996F26061C06F896" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1838" box="[636,799,1847,1873]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A37FB0A996F26061C06F896" box="[636,799,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Stenopelmatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
taxa with micropterous fore wings as adults: the smaller, similar looking
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A37FB0A9A5E266D1ECEF8B2" box="[333,471,1883,1910]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A37FB0A9A5E266D1ECAF8B2" authorityName="Weissman & Vandergast & Song & Shin & Mckenna & Ueshima" authorityYear="2021" box="[333,467,1883,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanfelipe">S. sanfelipe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
which has 2-3 outer rear leg tibial spines versus 3-4 seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A37FB0A9F84266D1A21F8B2" box="[1175,1336,1884,1910]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A37FB0A9F84266D1A21F8B2" box="[1175,1336,1884,1910]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">S. piceiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and the smaller Mexican state of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C9BBD48A37FB0A9AA1264E1D15F85E" box="[434,524,1919,1945]" country="Mexico" name="Chiapas" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Chiapas</collectingRegion>
|
||
endemic
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A37FB0A996926B11DEDF85E" box="[634,756,1919,1946]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A37FB0A996926B11DE9F85E" authorityName="Weissman & Vandergast & Song & Shin & Mckenna & Ueshima" authorityYear="2021" box="[634,752,1919,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiapas">S. chiapas</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
whose fore wing is narrower than that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A37FB0A9FDA26B11A71F85E" box="[1225,1384,1920,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A37FB0A9FDA26B11A71F85E" box="[1225,1384,1920,1946]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">S. piceiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<figureCitation id="133669B38A37FB0A9B8426921FF1F879" box="[151,232,1955,1982]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="27.[151,250,819,843]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[396,1191,181,795]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 22. Holotype adult male S. chiapas, with arrow pointing to wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4475739" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4475739/files/figure.png" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
, p.
|
||
<figureCitation id="133669B38A37FB0A9A0026951E2AF879" box="[275,307,1956,1982]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1962,1986]" captionTargetBox="[233,1353,1328,1939]" captionTargetId="figure-49@29.[229,1357,1327,1939]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 28. Holotype S. cusuco left rear leg tibia (left photo) showing 3 inner and 4 (1 very small—arrow) outer spines. Right photo showing minimal (arrow) furrow." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472069" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472069/files/figure.png" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">28</figureCitation>
|
||
). Additionally, 6 of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0BBEBF8A37FB0A991E26951D40F87A" box="[525,601,1955,1982]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="adult">8 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A37FB0A994C26951DC7F87A" authorityName="Weissman & Vandergast & Song & Shin & Mckenna & Ueshima" authorityYear="2021" box="[607,734,1955,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanfelipe">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A37FB0A994C26951DC7F87A" box="[607,734,1955,1982]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">S. sanfelipe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have no indication of a furrow while 7 of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0BBEBF8A37FB0A9FBE26951BE0F87A" box="[1197,1273,1955,1982]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="adult">7 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A37FB0A9FEC26951A84F87A" box="[1279,1437,1956,1982]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A37FB0A9FEC26951A84F87A" box="[1279,1437,1956,1982]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">S. piceiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have definite furrow lateral carinae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7225BE8A36FB0B9B8425E51E01FAF2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472190" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4472190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472190/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" startId="71.[151,250,1236,1260]" targetBox="[399,1186,181,1201]" targetPageId="71">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A36FB0B9B8425E51E01FAF2" blockId="71.[151,1437,1236,1333]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A36FB0B9B8425E51E32FB2B" bold="true" box="[151,299,1236,1260]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">FIGURE 114.</emphasis>
|
||
Adult male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A36FB0B9AB525E41D2CFB2B" box="[422,565,1237,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A36FB0B9AB525E41D2CFB2B" box="[422,565,1237,1260]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">S. piceiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from 2 km S La Esparanza. In top photo, both fore wings (arrows) have been elevated for identification. Left hind tibia (bottom photo) showing 4 (1 small) outer and 4 inner spines. Right tibia with 3 outer and 4 inner spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7225BE8A36FB0B9B8426A71D6DF831" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472194" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4472194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472194/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" startId="71.[151,250,1942,1966]" targetBox="[313,1275,1352,1918]" targetPageId="71">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A36FB0B9B8426A71D6DF831" blockId="71.[151,1436,1942,2039]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A36FB0B9B8426A71E32F869" bold="true" box="[151,299,1942,1966]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">FIGURE 115.</emphasis>
|
||
Face (left photo) of above adult male, from La Esparanza, showing present, but reduced lateral carinae (arrows) of furrow. “Artifactual” small hind wing (right photo, red arrow), created by traumatic inspection of underside of fore wing (blue arrow), in same adult male from La Esparanza.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF7225BE8A39FB049B8423DE1ECFFCEC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472196" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4472196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472196/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" startId="72.[151,250,751,775]" targetBox="[384,1203,181,727]" targetPageId="72">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A39FB049B8423DE1ECFFCEC" blockId="72.[151,1436,751,811]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A39FB049B8423DE1E35FCC0" bold="true" box="[151,300,751,775]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">FIGURE 116.</emphasis>
|
||
Field of pegs and hairs (arrow) under left wing in adult male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A39FB0498A923DE1B50FCC0" box="[954,1097,751,775]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A39FB0498A923DE1B50FCC0" box="[954,1097,751,775]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">S. piceiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from La Esperanza (head toward top of photo). Photo C. Grinter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A39FB049BD4226B1BB7FC7C" blockId="72.[151,1437,857,1208]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A39FB049BD4226B1E09FCB4" box="[199,272,858,883]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Drum.</emphasis>
|
||
Despite over 30 hours of recording attempts, no drumming heard or recorded. Could this JC, at the base of the tree (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133669B38A39FB049A0E224C1E69FC50" box="[285,368,893,919]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1521,1545]" captionTargetBox="[436,1148,954,1491]" captionTargetId="figure-73@14.[433,1154,953,1494]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Coalescent-based species tree estimation using ASTRAL. Ammopelmatus clade has been collapsed. Green circles on the nodes denote 100% bootstrap support values, and the support values below 100% are shown as numbers. In samples F2004, F2152, and F2238, the species name is preceded by a “?” mark because the identity of the individual is not certain. These three samples are discussed in the text under each presumptive species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472047/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
) and with the highest chromosome number in the subfamily, be the most primitive species of New World JC, with drumming being a derived character in those species that diverged later?
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A39FB049BD422F71BB8FBC4" blockId="72.[151,1437,857,1208]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A39FB049BD422F71EB1FC18" box="[199,424,965,991]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Derivation of name.</emphasis>
|
||
“picei”, from piceus, could refer to dark coloration and “ventris” could refer to stomach or ventral part of specimen, which in this case, would be the dark, discolored ventral abdomen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A39FB049BD4253C1B6AFB70" blockId="72.[151,1437,857,1208]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A39FB049BD4253C1E3DFBE0" box="[199,292,1037,1063]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Oak-pine semi-cloud forest with fairly dense vegetation, deep leaf litter, moist soil, and some light gaps where trees cut down. Individuals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133669B38A39FB04997125001DDBFB8C" box="[610,706,1073,1099]" captionStart="FIGURE 117" captionStartId="72.[151,250,1599,1623]" captionTargetBox="[538,1048,1231,1575]" captionTargetId="figure-226@72.[538,1048,1231,1575]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURE 117. Live late instar S. piceiventris from Sierra de Juárez (S06-36, photo D.C. Lightfoot)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472198/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Fig. 117</figureCitation>
|
||
) under logs, under bark on stumps, in pine stumps, under rocks. In some situations, illegal logging appears to create “habitat” and facilitates finding specimens, as also seen for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A39FB049E9425671FC8FB54" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="talpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A39FB049E9425671FC8FB54" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">S. talpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(S08-39) near Zimapan and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A39FB049902254B1DB4FB54" box="[529,685,1146,1172]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sartorianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A39FB049902254B1DB4FB54" box="[529,685,1146,1172]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">S. sartorianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at Metlac Canyon (S06-39). The question then becomes: where are these individuals hiding during the daytime when there are no dead trees on the ground?
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7225BE8A39FB049B84270E1B90F990" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472198" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4472198" box="[151,1161,1599,1623]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472198/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" startId="72.[151,250,1599,1623]" targetBox="[538,1048,1231,1575]" targetPageId="72">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A39FB049B84270E1B90F990" blockId="72.[151,1161,1599,1623]" box="[151,1161,1599,1623]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A39FB049B84270E1E32F990" bold="true" box="[151,299,1599,1623]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">FIGURE 117.</emphasis>
|
||
Live late instar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A39FB049AC327711D46F990" box="[464,607,1600,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A39FB049AC327711D46F990" box="[464,607,1600,1623]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">S. piceiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Sierra de Juárez (S06-36, photo D.C. Lightfoot).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A39FB049BD427B41C11F958" blockId="72.[151,1437,1669,2020]" box="[199,776,1669,1695]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A39FB049BD427B41E2BF958" box="[199,306,1669,1695]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Behavior.</emphasis>
|
||
Individuals of all instars, and adults, hop.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A39FB049BD4279B1CC2F904" blockId="72.[151,1437,1669,2020]" box="[199,987,1705,1732]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A39FB049BD4279B1D40F904" box="[199,601,1705,1732]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Life cycle and seasonal occurrence.</emphasis>
|
||
See under “Specimens examined”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A39FB049BD427FF1EDFF92F" blockId="72.[151,1437,1669,2020]" box="[199,454,1741,1768]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A39FB049BD427FF1E2EF920" box="[199,311,1742,1767]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
See
|
||
<tableCitation id="C68F408D8A39FB049A7F27FC1ED9F92F" box="[364,448,1741,1768]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="15.[151,170,493,520]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 1. Summary of adult measurements (mm) in Stenopelmatus taxa with multiple adult specimens." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7225BE8A7EFB439B8420DC1BEFFDCF" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" tableUuid="DF7225BE8A7EFB439B8420DC1BEFFDCF">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A39FB059BD427C31FEAFF12" blockId="72.[151,1437,1669,2020]" lastBlockId="73.[151,1437,150,393]" lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A39FB049BD427C31EA0F8CC" box="[199,441,1777,1804]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B657F6B8A39FB049AD327C01B8EF8E8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026613322" collectingDate="1959-04-02" collectingDateMax="2015-06-14" collectingDateMin="1959-04-02" collectionCode="UMMZ" collectorName="MV Dam" country="Mexico" county="Sierra de Juarez" elevation="2700" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="74" location="Oaxaca" municipality="Highway" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Oaxaca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A39FB049AD327C01D99F8CC" bold="true" box="[448,640,1777,1803]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31A35A68A39FB049AD327C01D00F8CC" box="[448,537,1777,1803]" name="Mexico" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A39FB04993427C01D99F8CC" box="[551,640,1777,1803]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C9BBD48A39FB04993427C01D99F8CC" box="[551,640,1777,1803]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62D30DBA8A39FB04999C27C01C5EF8CB" box="[655,839,1777,1804]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Sierra de Juarez</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD6EF4C8A39FB04984727C01CA2F8CC" box="[852,955,1777,1803]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Highway</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
175 from
|
||
<location id="8ED223ED8A39FB049F2727C31B91F8CB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A4C4208A35FB069B84258B1CD0FEA2:8ED223ED8A39FB049F2727C31B91F8CB" box="[1076,1160,1778,1804]" country="Mexico" county="Sierra de Juarez" municipality="Highway" name="Oaxaca" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" stateProvince="Oaxaca">Oaxaca</location>
|
||
to
|
||
<location id="8ED223ED8A39FB049FBD27C31A01F8CB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A4C4208A35FB069B84258B1CD0FEA2:8ED223ED8A39FB049FBD27C31A01F8CB" box="[1198,1304,1778,1804]" country="Mexico" county="Sierra de Juarez" municipality="Highway" name="Tuxtepec" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" stateProvince="Oaxaca">Tuxtepec</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A006C148A39FB049E3727C31E14F8F7" location="La Esparanza" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5D8D38A39FB049E3727C31A46F8CC" box="[1316,1375,1777,1804]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
S La Esparanza
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
, 17° 37’ 24.1” -96° 21’ 57.6”, 5400’,
|
||
<date id="FFB353F68A39FB0499D026271C23F8F7" box="[707,826,1814,1840]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" value="2004-05-31">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFF7AA1E8A39FB0499D026271C23F8F7" box="[707,826,1814,1840]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" value="2004-05-31">31-v-2004</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26F810E08A39FB04985B26271CC2F8F7" box="[840,987,1814,1840]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">MV Dam, Ƌ</collectorName>
|
||
1, to black light.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B657F6B8A39FB049F8C26271E92F85B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026613328" collectingDate="1959-04-02" collectingDateMax="2015-06-14" collectingDateMin="1959-04-02" collectionCode="UMMZ" collectorName="DBW & DW Weissman" country="Mexico" county="Sierra de Juarez" elevation="2700" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="74" location="Oaxaca" municipality="Highway" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Oaxaca">
|
||
<location id="8ED223ED8A39FB049F8C26271BCCF8F7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A4C4208A35FB069B84258B1CD0FEA2:8ED223ED8A39FB049F8C26271BCCF8F7" box="[1183,1237,1814,1840]" country="Mexico" county="Sierra de Juarez" municipality="Highway" name="Hwy" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" stateProvince="Oaxaca">Hwy</location>
|
||
175 between km 128-130,
|
||
<date id="FFB353F68A39FB049A1026081E9AF893" box="[259,387,1849,1876]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" value="2015-06-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFF7AA1E8A39FB049A1026081E9AF893" box="[259,387,1849,1876]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" value="2015-06-14">14-vi-2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
. 17° 26’ 40.74” -96° 30’ 48.36”, 9530’, DBW,
|
||
<collectorName id="26F810E08A39FB049885260B1B42F893" box="[918,1115,1849,1876]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">DW Weissman, S</collectorName>
|
||
15-30, highway repaved and old chunks of blacktop discarded along roadsides – JCs under these chunks,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0BBEBF8A39FB049F18266F1B39F8BF" box="[1035,1056,1886,1912]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
1, late instar
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0BBEBF8A39FB049FAB266F1BD4F8BF" box="[1208,1229,1886,1912]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
1, mid-instars Ƌ6,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0BBEBF8A39FB049B8426B31FB3F85B" box="[151,170,1922,1948]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
3, early nymphs #2.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B657F6B8A39FB049A8126B31FD4F824" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026613333" collectingDate="1959-04-02" collectingDateMax="2015-06-14" collectingDateMin="1959-04-02" collectionCode="UMMZ" collectorName="DBW & DC Lightfoot" country="Mexico" county="Sierra de Juarez" elevation="2700" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="74" location="Oaxaca" municipality="Highway" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Oaxaca">
|
||
<location id="8ED223ED8A39FB049A8126B31ED1F85B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A4C4208A35FB069B84258B1CD0FEA2:8ED223ED8A39FB049A8126B31ED1F85B" box="[402,456,1922,1948]" country="Mexico" county="Sierra de Juarez" municipality="Highway" name="Hwy" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" stateProvince="Oaxaca">Hwy</location>
|
||
175, km post 129.2, 17° 26.626’ -96° 30.748’. 9648’
|
||
<date id="FFB353F68A39FB049F3626B01BBCF85C" box="[1061,1189,1921,1947]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" value="2006-06-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFF7AA1E8A39FB049F3626B01BBCF85C" box="[1061,1189,1921,1947]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" value="2006-06-19">19-vi-2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, DBW,
|
||
<collectorName id="26F810E08A39FB049FEE26B31FBFF878" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">DC Lightfoot, S</collectorName>
|
||
06-36; Ƌ1,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0BBEBF8A39FB049A3426971E25F807" box="[295,316,1958,1984]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
1, late instar
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0BBEBF8A39FB049AD926971EC5F807" box="[458,476,1958,1984]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
4, mid instar Ƌ2; 7 individuals under logs at log-soil interface, 2 under bark on tops of logs.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B657F6B8A39FB049BC626F81A4AF823" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026613324" box="[213,1363,1993,2020]" collectingDate="1959-04-02" collectingDateMax="2015-06-14" collectingDateMin="1959-04-02" collectionCode="UMMZ" collectorName="VF Lee" country="Mexico" county="Sierra de Juarez" elevation="2700" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="74" location="Oaxaca" municipality="Highway" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Oaxaca">
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A006C148A39FB049BC626F81EEFF824" box="[213,502,1993,2020]" location="Valle National" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5D8D38A39FB049BC626F81E05F824" box="[213,284,1993,2019]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="km" value="66.0">66 km</quantity>
|
||
SW Valle National
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
(=
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A006C148A39FB04990426FB1C0CF824" box="[535,789,1993,2020]" location="Cerro Pelon" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5D8D38A39FB04990426FB1D48F824" box="[535,593,1993,2020]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
||
SW Cerro Pelón
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5D8D38A39FB04983326FB1C61F823" box="[800,888,1994,2020]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="m" value="2700.0">
|
||
<elevation id="002092058A39FB04983326FB1C61F823" box="[800,888,1994,2020]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="m" value="2700.0">2700 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, 22 &
|
||
<date id="FFB353F68A39FB0498D526F81B54F824" box="[966,1101,1993,2019]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" value="1990-07-23">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFF7AA1E8A39FB0498D526F81B54F824" box="[966,1101,1993,2019]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" value="1990-07-23">23-vii-1990</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, (S90-54, 56),
|
||
<collectorName id="26F810E08A39FB049FE526FB1A57F823" box="[1270,1358,1994,2020]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">VF Lee</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B657F6B8A39FB059E4826F81C1DFF76" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026613314" collectingDate="1959-04-02" collectingDateMax="2015-06-14" collectingDateMin="1959-04-02" collectionCode="UMMZ" collectorName="TE Moore" country="Mexico" county="Sierra de Juarez" elevation="2700" lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" location="Oaxaca" municipality="Highway" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Oaxaca">
|
||
<location id="8ED223ED8A39FB049E4826F81A85F824" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A4C4208A35FB069B84258B1CD0FEA2:8ED223ED8A39FB049E4826F81A85F824" box="[1371,1436,1993,2019]" country="Mexico" county="Sierra de Juarez" municipality="Highway" name="Llano" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" stateProvince="Oaxaca">Llano</location>
|
||
de las
|
||
<collectorName id="26F810E08A38FB059BCC21A61E31FF76" box="[223,296,151,177]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Flores</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB353F68A38FB059A2021A71EA5FF76" box="[307,444,150,177]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="1959-04-02" valueMax="1959-04-03" valueMin="1959-04-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFF7AA1E8A38FB059A2021A71EA5FF76" box="[307,444,150,177]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="1959-04-02" valueMax="1959-04-03" valueMin="1959-04-02">2-3-iv-1959</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 2870m,
|
||
<collectorName id="26F810E08A38FB05993021A61D83FF76" box="[547,666,151,177]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">TE Moore</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1CEDF38A38FB0599B621A61C19FF76" box="[677,768,151,177]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ra64-3eva" name="University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="University or college">UMMZ</collectionCode>
|
||
;
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B657F6B8A38FB05981821A61FEAFF12" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026613306" collectingDate="1959-04-02" collectingDateMax="2015-06-14" collectingDateMin="1959-04-02" collectionCode="UMMZ" collectorName="VF Lee" country="Mexico" county="Sierra de Juarez" elevation="2700" lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" location="Oaxaca" municipality="Highway" pageId="73" pageNumber="73" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="5" stateProvince="Oaxaca">
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A006C148A38FB05981821A61CBDFF76" box="[779,932,151,177]" location="Llano" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5D8D38A38FB05981821A61C5CFF76" box="[779,837,151,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
|
||
S Llano
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
de las
|
||
<collectorName id="26F810E08A38FB0598E021A61B25FF76" box="[1011,1084,151,177]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Flores</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5D8D38A38FB059F5421A61B86FF76" box="[1095,1183,151,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="2800.0">
|
||
<elevation id="002092058A38FB059F5421A61B86FF76" box="[1095,1183,151,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB353F68A38FB059FB821A61A21FF76" box="[1195,1336,151,177]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="1990-07-23">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFF7AA1E8A38FB059FB821A61A21FF76" box="[1195,1336,151,177]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="1990-07-23">23- vii-1990</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, S90-57,
|
||
<collectorName id="26F810E08A38FB059B84218A1FEAFF12" box="[151,243,187,213]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">VF Lee.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A38FB059BD421EE1E59FE4E" blockId="73.[151,1437,150,393]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A38FB059BD421EE1EABFF3E" box="[199,434,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Probable placement.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A38FB059AA921EF1D0DFF3F" bold="true" box="[442,532,222,248]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C9BBD48A38FB059AA921EF1D0DFF3F" box="[442,532,222,248]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, Cerro Iguana, almost
|
||
<quantity id="4CF5D8D38A38FB05980821EF1C7AFF3E" box="[795,867,222,249]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="km" value="95.0">95 km</quantity>
|
||
due south of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C9BBD48A38FB059F1121EE1B4FFF3E" box="[1026,1110,223,249]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
at 16° 14’ 47” -97° 01’ 52”, 7504’
|
||
<date id="FFB353F68A38FB059BCE20321E47FEDA" box="[221,350,259,285]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2007-08-04">4-viii-2007</date>
|
||
, MV Dam collected 1 early instar and 2 late instars (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133669B38A38FB0598B920321B13FEDA" box="[938,1034,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 118" captionStartId="73.[151,250,1009,1033]" captionTargetBox="[465,1123,414,982]" captionTargetId="figure-124@73.[465,1123,414,982]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="FIGURE 118. Late instar from Cerro Iguana, with arrow pointing to tear-shaped wing pad. Compare shape of this pad with more oval pad seen in adults in Fig. 111." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472200/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 118</figureCitation>
|
||
), but no adults of what resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A38FB059E9420321E03FE87" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A38FB059E9420321E03FE87" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. piceiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in both size and color. Comparing DNA (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133669B38A38FB0599E120161C7AFE86" box="[754,867,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1521,1545]" captionTargetBox="[436,1148,954,1491]" captionTargetId="figure-73@14.[433,1154,953,1494]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Coalescent-based species tree estimation using ASTRAL. Ammopelmatus clade has been collapsed. Green circles on the nodes denote 100% bootstrap support values, and the support values below 100% are shown as numbers. In samples F2004, F2152, and F2238, the species name is preceded by a “?” mark because the identity of the individual is not certain. These three samples are discussed in the text under each presumptive species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472047/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 10. p</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<figureCitation id="133669B38A38FB05987C20171C94FE86" box="[879,909,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1249,1273]" captionTargetBox="[409,1184,718,1224]" captionTargetId="figure-38@23.[401,1187,710,1225]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 15. Lectotype male (left photo), NHMUK, right rear tibia showing 3 inner and 3 outer spines.Type series second adult male (right photo), MGNG Geneva, with rear leg tibia showing 3 inner and 3 outer spines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472057" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472057/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">15</figureCitation>
|
||
, F2180) between these 2 late instars with individual F1775 from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B6CB948A38FB059A8F207A1ED5FEA2" box="[412,460,331,357]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A38FB05995C207A1DECFEA3" box="[591,757,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A38FB05995C207A1DE8FEA3" box="[591,753,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceiventris">S. piceiventris</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
reveals that they are each other’s nearest relatives, and may be conspecific.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7225BE8A38FB059B8422C01D2BFBE9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472200" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4472200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472200/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" startId="73.[151,250,1009,1033]" targetBox="[465,1123,414,982]" targetPageId="73">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A38FB059B8422C01D2BFBE9" blockId="73.[151,1436,1009,1070]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A38FB059B8422C01E34FBCE" bold="true" box="[151,301,1009,1033]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">FIGURE 118.</emphasis>
|
||
Late instar from Cerro Iguana, with arrow pointing to tear-shaped wing pad. Compare shape of this pad with more oval pad seen in adults in Fig. 111.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A38FB059BD4256D1FC3FB79" blockId="73.[151,1437,1115,1358]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A38FB059BD4256D1E1EFBB1" box="[199,263,1116,1142]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">DNA.</emphasis>
|
||
Nuclear F1775, and mtDNA F1774 & F1775, both from
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B6CB948A38FB059886256D1CDCFBB1" box="[917,965,1116,1142]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality; and nuclear F2180, and mtDNA F2180 & F2181, both from Cerro Iguana, show this taxon lying (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133669B38A38FB05988525B11CFAFB5D" box="[918,995,1152,1178]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,835,859]" captionTargetBox="[435,1137,183,809]" captionTargetId="figure-21@14.[434,1154,179,809]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. 50% majority rule phylogram from a Bayesian analysis of concatenated mtDNA 12S and COI gene fragments for at least 16 species of Stenopelmatus. Posterior probabilities greater than 0.5 are displayed at each node, and posterior probabilities of 1.0 are denoted with green dots." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472045" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472045/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Figs 9</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133669B38A38FB0598E125B11B16FB5D" box="[1010,1039,1152,1178]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1521,1545]" captionTargetBox="[436,1148,954,1491]" captionTargetId="figure-73@14.[433,1154,953,1494]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Coalescent-based species tree estimation using ASTRAL. Ammopelmatus clade has been collapsed. Green circles on the nodes denote 100% bootstrap support values, and the support values below 100% are shown as numbers. In samples F2004, F2152, and F2238, the species name is preceded by a “?” mark because the identity of the individual is not certain. These three samples are discussed in the text under each presumptive species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472047/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">10</figureCitation>
|
||
) at the base of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A38FB059FEA25B11A85FB5D" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1838" box="[1273,1436,1152,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A38FB059FEA25B11A85FB5D" box="[1273,1436,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Stenopelmatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A38FB059BD425F91C61FA89" blockId="73.[151,1437,1115,1358]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A38FB059BD425F91E5DFB26" box="[199,324,1224,1249]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Karyotype.</emphasis>
|
||
T15-29, T16-1, T16-2 (all S15-30), 2nƋ = 27, highest known number for subfamily confirmed in 3 individuals, of which we present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133669B38A38FB05991C25DD1D74FAC1" box="[527,621,1260,1286]" captionStart="FIGURE 119" captionStartId="73.[151,250,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[383,1203,1380,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-269@73.[382,1206,1379,1921]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="FIGURE 119. Karyotype S. piceiventris, 2nƋ= 27, with 6 pairs metacentric autosomes, 7 pairs rod shaped autosomes, and metacentric X. Top photo, individual T16-1. Bottom photo, individual T16-2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472202" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472202/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 119</figureCitation>
|
||
) the two best preparations. Its location at the base of the JC DNA tree appears to indicate that 2nƋ = 27 is the primitive karyotype number for the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A38FB0598DF24211B9EFAED" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1838" box="[972,1159,1296,1322]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Stenopelmatinae">Stenopelmatinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and that lower numbers, from 19 to 25, in other species of New World JCs, are all derived.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF7225BE8A38FB059B8426AA1CBEF810" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472202" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4472202" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472202/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" startId="73.[151,250,1947,1971]" targetBox="[383,1203,1380,1918]" targetPageId="73">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A38FB059B8426AA1CBEF810" blockId="73.[151,1437,1947,2007]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A38FB059B8426AA1E34F874" bold="true" box="[151,301,1947,1971]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">FIGURE 119.</emphasis>
|
||
Karyotype
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A38FB059AA226AD1D5BF874" box="[433,578,1948,1971]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="piceiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A38FB059AA226AD1D5BF874" box="[433,578,1948,1971]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. piceiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 2nƋ= 27, with 6 pairs metacentric autosomes, 7 pairs rod shaped autosomes, and metacentric X. Top photo, individual T16-1. Bottom photo, individual T16-2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A3BFB069BD421A61CD7FEDA" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A3BFB069BD421A61E53FF77" box="[199,330,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
There are extensive small bumps and short hairs under the fore wings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133669B38A3BFB069F7621A61BDCFF75" box="[1125,1221,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 116" captionStartId="72.[151,250,751,775]" captionTargetBox="[384,1203,181,727]" captionTargetId="figure-21@72.[384,1203,181,727]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURE 116. Field of pegs and hairs (arrow) under left wing in adult male of S. piceiventris from La Esperanza (head toward top of photo). Photo C. Grinter." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4472196/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Fig. 116</figureCitation>
|
||
), whose function is unknown. They cannot be used for femoral-abdominal stridulation because the wings cover the hairs. Plus, we never heard stridulation from any of our many collected specimens. Could the hairs be there to hold the pads in place while individuals move inside logs? But then what is the function of the wings?
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB275368A3BFB069BD420161CD0FEA2" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9C08C78A3BFB069BD420161EA2FE86" author="Fontana, P. & Buzzetti, F. M. & Marino-Perez, R. & Castellanos-Vargas, I. & Monge-Rodriguez, S. & Cano-Santana, Z." box="[199,443,295,321]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref49496" refString="Fontana, P., Buzzetti, F. M., Marino-Perez, R., Castellanos-Vargas, I., Monge-Rodriguez, S. & Cano-Santana, Z. (2017) Orthopterans of Oaxaca. Photographic field guide. WBA Handbooks 8. WBA, Verona, 212 pp." type="book" year="2017">
|
||
Fontana
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A3BFB069A3820161E47FE86" box="[299,350,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in their
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A3BFB06993620161D87FE86" box="[549,670,295,321]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Orthoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C9BBD48A3BFB0699DB20161C06FE86" box="[712,799,295,321]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
, only list the JC
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A3BFB0698F620161B5FFE87" box="[997,1094,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A3BFB0698F620161B5FFE87" box="[997,1094,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">S. minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as occurring in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C9BBD48A3BFB069E1020161A43FE86" box="[1283,1370,295,321]" country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
|
||
, even though their photo appears to be the physically different colored
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0D0EB58A3BFB06987E207A1CDAFEA2" box="[877,963,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Stenopelmatidae" genus="Stenopelmatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="talpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B979A9248A3BFB06987E207A1CDAFEA2" box="[877,963,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">S. talpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |