175 lines
15 KiB
XML
175 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.460.7799" ID-GBIF-Dataset="81d29497-d998-4789-bd10-18817c1704f7" ID-PMC="PMC4283641" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-460-1" ID-PubMed="25561858" ID-ZBK="EE2B47095F5C49619CEF081BA2CDFB2F" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-460-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 460" ModsDocTitle="A survey of linyphiid spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Linyphiidae)" checkinTime="1451245000718" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zhao, Qingyuan & Li, Shuqiang" docDate="2014" docId="3E87CB331E5896915825780DE98A777F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 460: 1-181" docOrigin="ZooKeys 460" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.460.7799" docTitle="Theoa bidentata Zhao & Li, 2014, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="8D62CE41-D45D-4B83-A9A2-C948941F3DF7" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="FF81FFF6FF83FF9AFFBC9F3EFE21EB60" masterDocTitle="A survey of linyphiid spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Linyphiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="181" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1668159708032" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>A survey of linyphiid spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Linyphiidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Zhao, Qingyuan</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>460</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>181</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.460.7799</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.460.7799</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-460-1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">EE2B47095F5C49619CEF081BA2CDFB2F</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">EE2B47095F5C49619CEF081BA2CDFB2F</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3501949" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152056877" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3501949" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8D62CE41-D45D-4B83-A9A2-C948941F3DF7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3E87CB331E5896915825780DE98A777F" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Taxon classification Animalia Araneae Linyphiidae</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/8D62CE41-D45D-4B83-A9A2-C948941F3DF7" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Theoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theoa bidentata" order="Araneae" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentata">Theoa bidentata</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="39" pageNumber="40">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Figs 96, 97, 98, 99
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="types">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Types.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Holotype ♂: CHINA, Yunnan: Menglun Town: Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.907717">21°54.463'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.2663">101°15.978'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elevation ca 569 m, 4.-11.05.2007, rubber tree plantation, hand-collecting. Paratypes 5♂, same data as holotype; 1♀,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.92585">21°55.551'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.28205">101°16.923'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elevation ca 561 m, 1-9.09.2006, rubber-tea plantation, pitfall traps; 4♂,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.907717">21°54.463'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.2663">101°15.978'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elevation ca 569 m, 1.01.2007, rubber tree plantation, hand-collecting; 4♂1♀,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.9114">21°54.684'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.27198">101°16.319'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elevation ca 585 m, 16.-31.01.2007, rubber tree plantation, pitfall traps; 2♂,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.9114">21°54.684'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.27198">101°16.319'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elevation ca 585 m, 4.-11.04.2007, rubber tree plantation, hand-collecting; 4♂,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.9114">21°54.684'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.27198">101°16.319'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elevation ca 585 m, 1-15.05.2007, rubber tree plantation, pitfall traps; 3♂,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.9114">21°54.684'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.27198">101°16.319'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elevation ca 585 m, 4.-11.V.2007, rubber tree plantation, hand-collecting; 3♂,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.9114">21°54.684'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.27198">101°16.319'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elevation ca 585 m, 16-31.05.2007, rubber tree plantation, pitfall traps; 3♂,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.912867">21°54.772'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.26738">101°16.043'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elevation ca 556 m, 19.-26.05.2007,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Paramichelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Paramichelia baillonii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="baillonii">Paramichelia baillonii</taxonomicName>
|
||
plantation, hand-collecting; 1♀,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.912867">21°54.772'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.267235">101°16.034'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elevation ca 556 m, 1.-15.06.2007,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="Paramechelia" lsidName="Paramechelia baillonii" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species" species="baillonii">Paramechelia baillonii</taxonomicName>
|
||
plantation, trunk traps; 1♂,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.957417">21°57.445'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.21661">101°12.997'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elevation ca 774 m, 10.-20.06.2007, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, hand-collecting.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="40" pageNumber="41" start="start">Etymology</pageBreakToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
This name is combined by
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘bi’">'bi'</normalizedToken>
|
||
, and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘dentatus’">'dentatus'</normalizedToken>
|
||
, meaning 'with two
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="teeth’">teeth'</normalizedToken>
|
||
, which refers to the two projections on the lateral margin of the prolateral cymbial outgrowth; adjective.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
This species is distinguished as a member of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Theoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theoa" order="Araneae" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Theoa</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the extension at the dorso-mesal side of cymbium, and the sickle-shaped embolus with
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fickert’s">Fickert's</normalizedToken>
|
||
gland about half way along (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Locket, GH" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="361 - 384" title="Some linyphiid spiders from western Malaysia." volume="5" year="1982">Locket 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 87). The large spermathecae on each side of the epigyne also resembles those in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Theoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theoa tricaudata" order="Araneae" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricaudata">Theoa tricaudata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Locket, GH" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="361 - 384" title="Some linyphiid spiders from western Malaysia." volume="5" year="1982">Locket 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 89). It differs from the type species in the following aspects: the apex of cymbial outgrowth in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Theoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theoa bidentata" order="Araneae" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentata">Theoa bidentata</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is bifid (Fig. 96A), not trifid as in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Theoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theoa tricaudata" order="Araneae" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricaudata">Theoa tricaudata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Locket, GH" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="361 - 384" title="Some linyphiid spiders from western Malaysia." volume="5" year="1982">Locket 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 86); the pit hook in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Theoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theoa bidentata" order="Araneae" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentata">Theoa bidentata</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not a discrete structure and is pointed, which differs from the bifid one in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Theoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theoa tricaudata" order="Araneae" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricaudata">Theoa tricaudata</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the terminal apophyses in the two species are of different shapes (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Locket, GH" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="361 - 384" title="Some linyphiid spiders from western Malaysia." volume="5" year="1982">Locket 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 84; Fig. 96B); the spermathecae are more distantly spaced in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Theoa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theoa bidentata" order="Araneae" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentata">Theoa bidentata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 98A). The two species also differ in spination: 1-0-0-0 or 1-1-1-0 in the generotype and 2-2-2-2 in the new taxon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
Male (holotype). Total length: 1.10. Carapace 0.60 long, 0.50 wide, unmodified, dark orange. Sternum 0.35 long, 0.34 wide. Clypeus 0.16 high. Chelicerae promargin with 5 teeth, retromargin with 4 teeth. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.03, ALE 0.06, PME 0.07, PLE 0.06, AME-AME/AME 0.01, PME-PME/PME 0.40, AME-ALE/ALE 0.67, PME-PLE/PLE 0.43, coxae IV separated by 1.33 times their width. Length of legs: I 2.51 (0.66, 0.16, 0.70, 0.55, 0.44), II 2.32 (0.63, 0.16, 0.61, 0.53, 0.39), III 1.78 (0.48, 0.16, 0.42, 0.39, 0.33), IV 2.33 (0.64, 0.16, 0.63, 0.52, 0.38). Leg formula: I-IV-II-III. TmI 0.45. Tibial spine formula 2-2-2-2. Palp: tibia small, with one retrolateral trichobothrium; paracymbium
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘F’">'F'</normalizedToken>
|
||
-shaped, two branches, both tapered at tip (Figs 96B, 99B); cymbium with a dorsal knob (Figs 96A, 99B); prolateral side of cymbium well-developed, almost fully covering the tegulum and suprategulum (Fig. 96A); cymbial outgrowth with two teeth-like processes at the lateral margin (Fig. 96A); pit hook bifid at tip (Fig. 96B); terminal apophysis in ill-defined shape, broad at ventral view (Fig. 96B); median membrane with a blunt apex, slightly bending forward; embolus sickle-shaped, inwardly curved, with a small, pointed embolus proper (Figs 96C, 99A); thumb of embolus small, located below embolus proper (Fig. 96C);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fickert’s">Fickert's</normalizedToken>
|
||
gland present in radix (Figs 96C, 99A).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
Female (one of paratypes). Total length: 1.24. Carapace 0.55 long, 0.43 wide, brownish orange. Sternum 0.30 long, 0.34 wide. Clypeus 0.11 high. Chelicerae promargin with 3 teeth, retromargin with 4 teeth. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.03, ALE 0.06, PME 0.06, PLE 0.06, AME-AME/AME 0.33, PME-PME/PME 0.50, AME-ALE/ALE 0.33, PME-PLE/PLE 0.50, coxae IV separated by their width. Length of legs: I 2.37 (0.61, 017, 0.65, 0.50, 0.44), II 2.33 (0.59, 0.19, 0.58, 0.46, 0.41), III 1.76 (0.48, 0.15, 0.41, 0.38, 0.34), IV 2.24 (0.60, 0.16, 0.60, 0.48, 0.40). Leg formula: I-II-IV-III. TmI 0.24. Spine formula as in male. Abdomen greenish grey on dorsum, dark grey on venter. Epigyne: a wide and short ventral fig; scape long, ribbon-like, with copulatory openings at its broad end,
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="41" pageNumber="42" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
|
||
Fig. 98
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken>
|
||
); spermathecae small, separated by about four times their diameter (Fig. 98B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Known only from type localities.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |