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<document id="77068F5A511CF5727D7F259638781B17" ID-CLB-Dataset="7393" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4944.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8adfa0f6-06a7-44b5-a3be-351d0bdc7a62" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4681813" ID-ZooBank="380D2F75-D4F9-4974-97E2-25E0C62CB3B0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1615997073071" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kobayashi, Shigeki, Johns, Chris A. &amp; Kawahara, Akito Y." docDate="2021" docId="038087CBFF8A076BFF75949EFDBEA4D6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4944.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4944 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Philodoria platyphylliella Kobayashi, Johns &amp; Kawahara, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="101" masterDocId="FFB9FFB3FFEE070FFFE29409FF89A136" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Hawaiian endemic leaf-mining moth genus Philodoria Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): its conservation status, host plants and descriptions of thirteen new species" masterLastPageNumber="175" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="101" updateTime="1698933850732" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="F2B133CDB20965FC7C6D589764B85687">Revision of the Hawaiian endemic leaf-mining moth genus Philodoria Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): its conservation status, host plants and descriptions of thirteen new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="00A59EB463610AC9B337D4A6D24812E6">Kobayashi, Shigeki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CB31BC8823497932E16242C53F75FBEB" type="email">crossroad1994@hotmail.co.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="66B5C64EBCB5A62236DEEB5810FC3156">Johns, Chris A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9D70DC3E1AD1D4CDF9E1775AE4759EC8">Kawahara, Akito Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="882249F15BB895ED5E459F9037BE34E9">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EACFD6B40CD18A59116C444AFE27311C">2021-03-17</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038087CBFF8A076BFF75949EFDBEA4D6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4683280" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181002420" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4683280" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087CBFF8A076BFF75949EFDBEA4D6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038087CBFF8A076BFF75949EFDBEA4D6" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<subSubSection id="C3336556FF8A076BFF75949EFC2DA184" box="[151,932,151,178]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF8A076BFF75949EFC2DA184" blockId="100.[151,932,151,214]" box="[151,932,151,178]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<heading id="D0DE81B1FF8A076BFF75949EFC2DA184" bold="true" box="[151,932,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFF75949EFC2DA184" bold="true" box="[151,932,151,178]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF8A076BFF75949EFCD2A184" ID-CoL="8VM49" authority="Kobayashi, Johns &amp; Kawahara" authorityName="Kobayashi, Johns &amp; Kawahara" box="[151,859,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platyphylliella" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFF75949EFE43A184" bold="true" box="[151,458,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Philodoria platyphylliella</emphasis>
Kobayashi, Johns &amp; Kawahara
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26E57B4FF8A076BFC809491FC2DA184" box="[866,932,152,178]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FF8A076BFF7594B5FD09A02E" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF8A076BFF7594B5FDFAA1E0" blockId="100.[151,932,151,214]" box="[151,627,187,214]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFF7594B5FE81A1E0" box="[151,264,188,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1199,1223]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,186,1146]" captionTargetId="figure-20@41.[151,1435,181,1152]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 22. Adults of Philodoria species. A P. keaensis sp. n. holotype female, lateral view, B Forewings of holotype, C P. nigrelloides (Swezey, 1946) holotype female, D Forewings of P. platyphylliella sp. n. holotype male. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681857/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Figs. 22D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFEF694B2FEB5A1E0" box="[276,316,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="92.[151,250,1673,1697]" captionTargetBox="[158,1427,187,1641]" captionTargetId="figure-23@92.[151,1436,181,1650]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURE 50. Valva of Philodoria, inner view. A, C, EJ, L: Left valva, B, D, K, M: Right valva. A, B P. neraudicola, paralectotype, Oahu, SK707, C, D P. obamaorum, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK709, E P. urerana, Oahu, paralectotype, SK671, F P. hauicola, Oahu, SK694, G P. keahii, holotype, Oahu, SK758, H P. touchardiella Maui, SK643, I P. platyphylliella, holotype, Maui, SK833, J, K P. marginestrigata, Oahu, SK662, host: unknown, L Same species, Molokai, SK771, host: Abutilon menziesii, M Same species, Kauai, SK784, host: Sida, fallax." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681919/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">50I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFEA594B2FEF0A1E0" box="[327,377,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="93.[151,250,1899,1923]" captionTargetBox="[224,1359,203,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-20@93.[207,1381,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="93" captionText="FIGURE 51. Genital capsule of Philodoria, excluding right portion of male genitalia, ventral view. A P. neraudicola, paralectotype, Oahu, SK707, B P. obamaorum, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK709, C P. urerana, paralectotype, Oahu, SK671, D P. hauicola, Oahu, SK694, E P. keahii, holotype, Oahu, SK758, F P. touchardiella Maui, SK643, G P. platyphylliella, holotype, Maui, SK833, H P. marginestrigata, Oahu, SK662 host: unknown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681921/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">51G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFE6794B2FE31A1E0" box="[389,440,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="94.[151,250,1717,1741]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,190,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-23@94.[160,1427,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURE 52. Phallus of Philodoria, lateral view.A P. neraudicola, paralectotype, Oahu, SK707, B P. obamaorum, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK709, C P. urerana, paralectotype, Oahu, SK671, D P. hauicola, Oahu, SK695, E P. keahii, holotype, Oahu, SK758, F P. touchardiella Maui, SK643, G P. platyphylliella, holotype, Maui, SK833, H P. marginestrigata, Oahu, PHIL0029 host: Abutilon incanum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681923/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">52G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFE2194B2FD90A1E0" box="[451,537,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 75" captionStartId="137.[151,250,1489,1513]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,185,1464]" captionTargetId="figure-20@137.[151,1436,181,1465]" captionTargetPageId="137" captionText="FIGURE 75. Resting posture of adult Philodoria. A Philodoria sp. nr. P dubauticola, Maui, CJ315, host: Dubautia platyphylla, B P. hesperomanniella, Maui, CJ367, host: Hesperomannia arborescens, C Same moth species and host plant, West Maui, CJ362, D, E P. platyphylliella, Maui, CJ368, host: Dubautia platyphylla, F, G Same moth species and host plant, male, Maui, CJ358." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681971/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">75DG</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFDC694B5FDE7A1E0" box="[548,622,188,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 87" captionStartId="149.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[226,1414,190,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-20@149.[158,1429,181,1875]" captionTargetPageId="149" captionText="FIGURE 87. Philodoria species on leaves of the host plant, Dubautia. AD: Unidentified Philodoria species, nr. P. naenaeiella or related species. E, F: P. sp. 1 of Johns et al. (2018), Maui, host: Dubautia menziesii GI: P. platyphylliella, Maui, host: Dubautia platyphylla. A D. plantaginea Waihee Valley, Maui, CJ371, one adult (sex unknown) did not emerge, BD D. laxa Konahuanui, Oahu, all larvae were consumed by parasitoids, CJ208, 242, 248." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681998/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">87GI</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF8A076BFF759509FD09A02E" blockId="100.[151,640,256,280]" box="[151,640,256,280]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF8A076BFF759509FE8CA02E" box="[151,261,256,280]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFF759509FE8CA02E" box="[151,261,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Philodoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 14;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB84B2CFF8A076BFEB79509FD8CA02E" author="Johns, C. A. &amp; Toussaint, E. F. A. &amp; Breinholt, J. W. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y." box="[341,517,256,280]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="20181047" refId="ref101297" refString="Johns, C. A., Toussaint, E. F. A., Breinholt, J. W. &amp; Kawahara, A. Y. (2018) Origin and macroevolution of micro-moths on sunken Hawaiian Islands. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 285, 20181047. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2018.1047" type="journal article" year="2018">
Johns
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFE779508FE4BA02E" box="[405,450,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
: figs. 1A, 2.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FF8A076BFF75954FFD68A057" box="[151,737,326,353]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF8A076BFF75954FFD68A057" blockId="100.[151,1437,326,1505]" box="[151,737,326,353]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFF75954FFEBFA056" bold="true" box="[151,310,326,352]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF8A076BFF75954FFF5BA056" box="[151,210,326,352]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<location id="8EF66006FF8A076BFEDE954FFD0CA057" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038087CBFF8A076BFF75949EFDBEA4D6:8EF66006FF8A076BFEDE954FFD0CA057" box="[316,645,326,353]" name="Nakula Natural Area Reserve" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Nakula Natural Area Reserve</location>
(Maui).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FF8A076BFF259563FF5EA09E" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF8A076BFF259563FF5EA09E" blockId="100.[151,1437,326,1505]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFF259563FEC7A0B2" bold="true" box="[199,334,362,388]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet,
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF8A076BFDA09563FD6DA0B2" box="[578,740,362,388]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platyphylliella">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFDA09563FD6DA0B2" box="[578,740,362,388]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">platyphylliella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, refers to the species epithet of
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF8A076BFBAF9563FAB4A0B2" box="[1101,1341,362,388]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dubautia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="platyphylla">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFBAF9563FAB4A0B2" box="[1101,1341,362,388]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Dubautia platyphylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, its host plant.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FF8A076BFF2595BBFEE1A393" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF8A076BFF2595BBFEF9A36A" blockId="100.[151,1437,326,1505]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFF2595BBFEFDA0FA" bold="true" box="[199,372,434,460]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B413C80FF8A076BFE9995BBFD14A0C7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3071273330" collectingDate="2014-07-26" collectingDateMax="2014-08-11" collectingDateMin="2014-07-26" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName=" C. A. Johns" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF8A076BFE9995BBFE6AA0FA" box="[379,483,434,460]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
♂,
<collectorName id="26DC530BFF8A076BFDEE95BBFD06A0FB" box="[524,655,434,461]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Nakula Nar</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26DC530BFF8A076BFD7895BBFD71A0FB" box="[666,760,434,461]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Maui Is.</collectorName>
,
<date id="FF97101DFF8A076BFCE695BBFC03A0FA" box="[772,906,434,460]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" value="2014-08-11">
<collectingDate id="EFD3E9F5FF8A076BFCE695BBFC03A0FA" box="[772,906,434,460]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" value="2014-08-11">11.viii.2014</collectingDate>
</date>
(stored),
<collectorName id="26DC530BFF8A076BFC1795BBFBF8A0FA" box="[1013,1137,434,460]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">C.A. Johns</collectorName>
leg., host:
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF8A076BFB0995BBFF54A0C6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dubautia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="platyphylla">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFB0995BBFF54A0C6" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Dubautia platyphylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FF97101DFF8A076BFF0B95DFFEE5A0C6" box="[233,364,470,496]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" value="2014-07-26">
<collectingDate id="EFD3E9F5FF8A076BFF0B95DFFEE5A0C6" box="[233,364,470,496]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" value="2014-07-26">26.vii.2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, CJ363, SK833♂ in
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF8A076BFDAE95DEFD14A0C7" box="[588,669,471,497]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B413C80FF8A076BFD4495DEFD1FA323" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3071273408" collectingDate="2014-07-26" collectingDateMax="2014-08-11" collectingDateMin="2014-07-26" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName=" C. A. Johns" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF8A076BFD4495DEFC81A0C7" box="[678,776,471,497]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
♂, same locality and data as holotype,
<date id="FF97101DFF8A076BFB5095DFFAB0A0C6" box="[1202,1337,470,496]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" value="2014-08-10">
<collectingDate id="EFD3E9F5FF8A076BFB5095DFFAB0A0C6" box="[1202,1337,470,496]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" value="2014-08-10">10.viii.2014</collectingDate>
</date>
(stored), CJ358, PHIL0026 (only abdomen) in
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF8A076BFDA295F2FD18A323" box="[576,657,507,533]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
The
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF8A076BFD2C95F3FCB9A322" box="[718,816,506,532]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was mounted as a dry pinned specimen by placing two forewings without mountant under a coverslip. The head, antenna, thorax, and legs of
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF8A076BFB809616FB4BA30F" box="[1122,1218,543,569]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
were sacrificed for molecular analysis.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF8A076BFF25966FFEE1A393" blockId="100.[151,1437,326,1505]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<materialsCitation id="3B413C80FF8A076BFF25966FFEEAA393" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3071273395" collectingDate="2014-08-12" collectionCode="BPBM" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFF25966FFE30A3B6" bold="true" box="[199,441,614,640]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Additional material.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D2FFD54FF8A076BFE5D966FFE6BA3B6" box="[447,482,614,640]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, same locality and data as
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF8A076BFCE8966FFCE6A3B6" box="[778,879,614,640]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<date id="FF97101DFF8A076BFC9B966FFB89A3B6" box="[889,1024,614,640]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" value="2014-08-12">
<collectingDate id="EFD3E9F5FF8A076BFC9B966FFB89A3B6" box="[889,1024,614,640]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" value="2014-08-12">12.viii.2014</collectingDate>
</date>
(stored), CJ368, PHIL0025 genitalia missing in
<collectionCode id="ED38AE18FF8A076BFEF09682FEEAA393" box="[274,355,651,677]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FF8A076BFF2596A7FB1FA227" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF8A076BFF2596A7FB1FA227" blockId="100.[151,1437,326,1505]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFF2596A7FECBA3FE" bold="true" box="[199,322,686,712]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The forewing pattern similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF8A076BFD1096A6FB89A3FE" authority="(Swezey)" baseAuthorityName="Swezey" box="[754,1024,686,712]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrelloides">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFD1096A6FC18A3FE" box="[754,913,686,712]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">P. nigrelloides</emphasis>
(Swezey)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF8A076BFBD696A6FADFA3FE" authority="(Swezey)" baseAuthorityName="Swezey" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[1076,1366,686,712]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="touchardiella">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFBD696A6FB6DA3FE" box="[1076,1252,686,712]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">P. touchardiella</emphasis>
(Swezey)
</taxonomicName>
, but is differs from them by having a darker brown forewing with a blue to fuscous patch at its apex (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFB5A96DBFAA8A3DA" box="[1208,1313,722,748]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1199,1223]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,186,1146]" captionTargetId="figure-20@41.[151,1435,181,1152]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 22. Adults of Philodoria species. A P. keaensis sp. n. holotype female, lateral view, B Forewings of holotype, C P. nigrelloides (Swezey, 1946) holotype female, D Forewings of P. platyphylliella sp. n. holotype male. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681857/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Fig. 22D</figureCitation>
). The male genitalia is similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF8A076BFE3B96FEFD02A226" baseAuthorityName="Swezey" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[473,651,758,784]" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Philodoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="touchardiella">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFE3B96FEFD02A226" box="[473,651,758,784]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">P. touchardiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but is distinguished by its rather thick saccus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FF8A076BFF259713FD80A5D2" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF8A076BFF259713FF7DA506" blockId="100.[151,1437,326,1505]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFF259713FE2CA202" bold="true" box="[199,421,794,820]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Description: Adult</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFE549713FD97A202" box="[438,542,794,820]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="41.[151,250,1199,1223]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,186,1146]" captionTargetId="figure-20@41.[151,1435,181,1152]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURE 22. Adults of Philodoria species. A P. keaensis sp. n. holotype female, lateral view, B Forewings of holotype, C P. nigrelloides (Swezey, 1946) holotype female, D Forewings of P. platyphylliella sp. n. holotype male. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681857" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681857/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Fig. 22D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFDC99713FD08A203" box="[555,641,794,821]" captionStart="FIGURE 75" captionStartId="137.[151,250,1489,1513]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,185,1464]" captionTargetId="figure-20@137.[151,1436,181,1465]" captionTargetPageId="137" captionText="FIGURE 75. Resting posture of adult Philodoria. A Philodoria sp. nr. P dubauticola, Maui, CJ315, host: Dubautia platyphylla, B P. hesperomanniella, Maui, CJ367, host: Hesperomannia arborescens, C Same moth species and host plant, West Maui, CJ362, D, E P. platyphylliella, Maui, CJ368, host: Dubautia platyphylla, F, G Same moth species and host plant, male, Maui, CJ358." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681971" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681971/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">75DG</figureCitation>
). Forewing length 3.4,
<quantity id="4CD19B38FF8A076BFC6B9713FC69A203" box="[905,992,794,821]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
in
<typeStatus id="5492887FFF8A076BFBE79713FBE2A202" box="[1029,1131,794,820]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. Head bronze; frons white; maxillary palpus pale bronze; labial palpus white basal half, bronze at apex; Antenna bronze, about 1.11.2 x length of forewing. Thorax dark brown. Forewing dun to bronze with three oblique white streaks:
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFB6F976BFB39A2B5" bold="true" box="[1165,1200,866,899]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
ds
<subScript id="17AD3498FF8A076BFB4A977CFB39A2B5" attach="left" box="[1192,1200,885,899]" fontSize="6" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">2</subScript>
</emphasis>
at about 2/5, extends to about middle of wing; a smaller
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFDCF978FFDD9A291" bold="true" box="[557,592,902,935]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
ds
<subScript id="17AD3498FF8A076BFDAA9790FDD9A291" attach="left" box="[584,592,921,935]" fontSize="6" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
at 2/3. a small costal spot at near base;
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFBFD978FFBB7A291" bold="true" box="[1055,1086,902,935]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
cs
<subScript id="17AD3498FF8A076BFBD49790FBB7A291" attach="left" box="[1078,1086,921,935]" fontSize="6" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">3</subScript>
</emphasis>
from 3/4, extending about 2/3 across wing; apical portion dark orangish brown with a large
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFCAC97A3FCEEA2F2" bold="true" box="[846,871,938,964]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">as</emphasis>
of blue scales; a blue to fuscous patch at 4/5; few shiny gray spot at the middle of apical portion; cilia fuscous mixed dark brown scales with three white costal spots (
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFF4397FBFF62A53A" bold="true" box="[161,235,1010,1036]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">a, b, c</emphasis>
) at apex; black
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFE4B97FBFE41A525" bold="true" box="[425,456,1010,1043]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
bl
<subScript id="17AD3498FF8A076BFE22900CFE41A525" attach="left" box="[448,456,1029,1043]" fontSize="6" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">1</subScript>
</emphasis>
at terminal cilia. Hindwing and cilia fuscous. Abdomen bronze, white beneath. Legs fuscous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF8A076BFF259033FEC7A5F7" blockId="100.[151,1437,326,1505]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFF259033FEFAA562" bold="true" box="[199,371,1082,1108]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFE669033FE64A563" box="[388,493,1082,1109]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="92.[151,250,1673,1697]" captionTargetBox="[158,1427,187,1641]" captionTargetId="figure-23@92.[151,1436,181,1650]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURE 50. Valva of Philodoria, inner view. A, C, EJ, L: Left valva, B, D, K, M: Right valva. A, B P. neraudicola, paralectotype, Oahu, SK707, C, D P. obamaorum, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK709, E P. urerana, Oahu, paralectotype, SK671, F P. hauicola, Oahu, SK694, G P. keahii, holotype, Oahu, SK758, H P. touchardiella Maui, SK643, I P. platyphylliella, holotype, Maui, SK833, J, K P. marginestrigata, Oahu, SK662, host: unknown, L Same species, Molokai, SK771, host: Abutilon menziesii, M Same species, Kauai, SK784, host: Sida, fallax." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681919/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Figs. 50I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFE1B9033FDA2A563" box="[505,555,1082,1109]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="93.[151,250,1899,1923]" captionTargetBox="[224,1359,203,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-20@93.[207,1381,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="93" captionText="FIGURE 51. Genital capsule of Philodoria, excluding right portion of male genitalia, ventral view. A P. neraudicola, paralectotype, Oahu, SK707, B P. obamaorum, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK709, C P. urerana, paralectotype, Oahu, SK671, D P. hauicola, Oahu, SK694, E P. keahii, holotype, Oahu, SK758, F P. touchardiella Maui, SK643, G P. platyphylliella, holotype, Maui, SK833, H P. marginestrigata, Oahu, SK662 host: unknown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681921/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">51G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFDDB9033FDE3A563" box="[569,618,1082,1109]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="94.[151,250,1717,1741]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,190,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-23@94.[160,1427,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURE 52. Phallus of Philodoria, lateral view.A P. neraudicola, paralectotype, Oahu, SK707, B P. obamaorum, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK709, C P. urerana, paralectotype, Oahu, SK671, D P. hauicola, Oahu, SK695, E P. keahii, holotype, Oahu, SK758, F P. touchardiella Maui, SK643, G P. platyphylliella, holotype, Maui, SK833, H P. marginestrigata, Oahu, PHIL0029 host: Abutilon incanum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681923/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">52G</figureCitation>
) (n=2). Capsule
<quantity id="4CD19B38FF8A076BFCC99033FC0FA563" box="[811,902,1082,1109]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" unit="mm" value="800.0">800 µm</quantity>
. Tegumen 0.9 x length of valva; valva
<quantity id="4CD19B38FF8A076BFAA69033FA15A563" box="[1348,1436,1082,1109]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" unit="mm" value="590.0">590 µm</quantity>
long, tapering along costal margin from basal 1/2 to apex (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFCCF9057FC02A54F" box="[813,907,1118,1145]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="92.[151,250,1673,1697]" captionTargetBox="[158,1427,187,1641]" captionTargetId="figure-23@92.[151,1436,181,1650]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURE 50. Valva of Philodoria, inner view. A, C, EJ, L: Left valva, B, D, K, M: Right valva. A, B P. neraudicola, paralectotype, Oahu, SK707, C, D P. obamaorum, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK709, E P. urerana, Oahu, paralectotype, SK671, F P. hauicola, Oahu, SK694, G P. keahii, holotype, Oahu, SK758, H P. touchardiella Maui, SK643, I P. platyphylliella, holotype, Maui, SK833, J, K P. marginestrigata, Oahu, SK662, host: unknown, L Same species, Molokai, SK771, host: Abutilon menziesii, M Same species, Kauai, SK784, host: Sida, fallax." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681919/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Fig. 50I</figureCitation>
). Saccus digitiform in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFAC59057FA19A54F" box="[1319,1424,1118,1145]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="93.[151,250,1899,1923]" captionTargetBox="[224,1359,203,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-20@93.[207,1381,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="93" captionText="FIGURE 51. Genital capsule of Philodoria, excluding right portion of male genitalia, ventral view. A P. neraudicola, paralectotype, Oahu, SK707, B P. obamaorum, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK709, C P. urerana, paralectotype, Oahu, SK671, D P. hauicola, Oahu, SK694, E P. keahii, holotype, Oahu, SK758, F P. touchardiella Maui, SK643, G P. platyphylliella, holotype, Maui, SK833, H P. marginestrigata, Oahu, SK662 host: unknown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681921/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Fig. 51G</figureCitation>
). Phallus
<quantity id="4CD19B38FF8A076BFF13908BFEC1A5AB" box="[241,328,1154,1181]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" unit="mm" value="500.0">500 µm</quantity>
long and straight, slightly widening at phallobase with developed coecum; cornuti in vesica indistinct (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFF3A90AFFEC8A5F7" box="[216,321,1190,1217]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="94.[151,250,1717,1741]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,190,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-23@94.[160,1427,181,1693]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURE 52. Phallus of Philodoria, lateral view.A P. neraudicola, paralectotype, Oahu, SK707, B P. obamaorum, paratype, Hawaii (Big Island), SK709, C P. urerana, paralectotype, Oahu, SK671, D P. hauicola, Oahu, SK695, E P. keahii, holotype, Oahu, SK758, F P. touchardiella Maui, SK643, G P. platyphylliella, holotype, Maui, SK833, H P. marginestrigata, Oahu, PHIL0029 host: Abutilon incanum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681923/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Fig. 52G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF8A076BFF2590C3FD80A5D2" blockId="100.[151,1437,326,1505]" box="[199,521,1226,1252]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFF2590C3FE05A5D2" bold="true" box="[199,396,1226,1252]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Female genitalia</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FF8A076BFF2590E7FE23A43E" box="[199,426,1262,1288]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF8A076BFF2590E7FE23A43E" blockId="100.[151,1437,326,1505]" box="[199,426,1262,1288]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFF2590E7FEE8A43E" bold="true" box="[199,353,1262,1288]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Distribution.</emphasis>
Maui.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3336556FF8A076BFF25911BFDBEA4D6" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF8A076BFF25911BFEA6A4AE" blockId="100.[151,1437,326,1505]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFF25911BFEDFA41A" bold="true" box="[199,342,1298,1324]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Host plants.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF8A076BFEBE911BFE52A41A" box="[348,475,1298,1324]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF8A076BFE07911BFC36A41A" authority="(A. Gray) D. D. Keck." authorityName="D. D. Keck." baseAuthorityName="A. Gray" box="[485,959,1298,1324]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dubautia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="platyphylla">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFE07911BFD5DA41A" box="[485,724,1298,1324]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Dubautia platyphylla</emphasis>
(A.Gray) D.D.Keck.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C294D5EFF8A076BFC27911BFB3DA41A" box="[965,1204,1298,1324]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Dubautia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="platyphylla">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFC27911BFB3DA41A" box="[965,1204,1298,1324]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Dubautia platyphylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is rare and restricted to Maui. We surveyed a small population of this plant species within Nakula Natural Area Reserve, Maui, in
<date id="FF97101DFF8A076BFA8C913FFF46A442" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" value="2014-07">July 2014</date>
(
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFF3D9153FEE1A443" box="[223,360,1370,1397]" captionStart="FIGURE 69" captionStartId="121.[151,250,1688,1712]" captionTargetBox="[149,1435,423,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-136@121.[145,1442,417,1665]" captionTargetPageId="121" captionText="FIGURE 69. Habitats and host plants of Philodoria on Maui. A Kauaula, type locality of P. keahii, shown is its host plant Remya mauiensis, B Same as A, flowers, C Nakula Natural Area Reserve, type locality of P. platyphylliella, shown is its host plant Dubautia platyphylla, D Same as C, flowers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681959/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Fig. 69C, D</figureCitation>
). This plant population was located on a steep drainage and was out of reach of ungulates, goat, pig, and deer.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9636DDFF8A076BFF2591ABFDBEA4D6" blockId="100.[151,1437,326,1505]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B95DEACFFF8A076BFF2591ABFEAEA48A" bold="true" box="[199,295,1442,1468]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Biology.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFED591ABFE30A48A" box="[311,441,1442,1468]" captionStart="FIGURE 87" captionStartId="149.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[226,1414,190,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-20@149.[158,1429,181,1875]" captionTargetPageId="149" captionText="FIGURE 87. Philodoria species on leaves of the host plant, Dubautia. AD: Unidentified Philodoria species, nr. P. naenaeiella or related species. E, F: P. sp. 1 of Johns et al. (2018), Maui, host: Dubautia menziesii GI: P. platyphylliella, Maui, host: Dubautia platyphylla. A D. plantaginea Waihee Valley, Maui, CJ371, one adult (sex unknown) did not emerge, BD D. laxa Konahuanui, Oahu, all larvae were consumed by parasitoids, CJ208, 242, 248." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681998/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Fig. 87GI</figureCitation>
). Larvae form an oblong blotch mine (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFC8F91ABFC66A48A" box="[877,1007,1442,1468]" captionStart="FIGURE 87" captionStartId="149.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[226,1414,190,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-20@149.[158,1429,181,1875]" captionTargetPageId="149" captionText="FIGURE 87. Philodoria species on leaves of the host plant, Dubautia. AD: Unidentified Philodoria species, nr. P. naenaeiella or related species. E, F: P. sp. 1 of Johns et al. (2018), Maui, host: Dubautia menziesii GI: P. platyphylliella, Maui, host: Dubautia platyphylla. A D. plantaginea Waihee Valley, Maui, CJ371, one adult (sex unknown) did not emerge, BD D. laxa Konahuanui, Oahu, all larvae were consumed by parasitoids, CJ208, 242, 248." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681998/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Fig. 87GI</figureCitation>
). Pupation occurs in the white cocoon on the adaxial leaf surface (
<figureCitation id="13122A58FF8A076BFE2E91CFFDA3A4D6" box="[460,554,1478,1504]" captionStart="FIGURE 87" captionStartId="149.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[226,1414,190,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-20@149.[158,1429,181,1875]" captionTargetPageId="149" captionText="FIGURE 87. Philodoria species on leaves of the host plant, Dubautia. AD: Unidentified Philodoria species, nr. P. naenaeiella or related species. E, F: P. sp. 1 of Johns et al. (2018), Maui, host: Dubautia menziesii GI: P. platyphylliella, Maui, host: Dubautia platyphylla. A D. plantaginea Waihee Valley, Maui, CJ371, one adult (sex unknown) did not emerge, BD D. laxa Konahuanui, Oahu, all larvae were consumed by parasitoids, CJ208, 242, 248." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4681998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4681998/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Fig. 87I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>