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<document id="D439D1D994702124CD752720CB313789" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3669.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1af249de-576e-4b12-abde-9e380cbf0bd3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="221968" ID-ZooBank="4A8C9C02-DE18-47B8-8CB7-7F90B89B16AD" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460629374059" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Edwards, Shelley, Branch, William R., Vanhooydonck, Bieke, Herrel, Anthony, Measey, G. John &amp; Tolley, Krystal A." docDate="2013" docId="03806730FF9C2A4967EBFB9BAE67D82C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03669p114.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3669 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Australolacerta" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="108" masterDocId="FFB91F48FF9A2A4E677CFFF9AF7EDB38" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic adjustments in the systematics of the southern African lacertid lizards (Sauria: Lacertidae)" masterLastPageNumber="114" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="107" updateTime="1698334391248" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="6641890F23A7FC7F3C44D73C128D7365">Taxonomic adjustments in the systematics of the southern African lacertid lizards (Sauria: Lacertidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A041455FFC7AEBCAAE0CAF507E58F305">Edwards, Shelley</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="53CF372AF5BBDBBAFA4FD20A4A9A3D6B">Branch, William R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ACC5FDE8B3BF420E7A33EDC334B96204">Vanhooydonck, Bieke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6F3267B0F5738923B27D99117DB7A06D">Herrel, Anthony</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6EB81E900C3D5A90A686433BB6BC7B38">Measey, G. John</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BAE366D990EDE2D0303B45AB9A9D53AE">Tolley, Krystal A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="00856E78D5A58DDDDD11965D74690E8E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7120828BF6171F935528DB0B1EC76A78">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A012AD4094C3BCD4D0049B5692F341D2">3669</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03806730FF9C2A4967EBFB9BAE67D82C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6160987" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119569737" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6160987" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03806730FF9C2A4967EBFB9BAE67D82C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03806730FF9C2A4967EBFB9BAE67D82C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
<subSubSection id="C33385ADFF9C2A4967EBFB9BAE67D82C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B96D626FF9C2A4867EBFB9BAD76DF44" blockId="6.[151,520,1122,1148]" box="[151,520,1122,1148]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
<heading id="D0DE614AFF9C2A4867EBFB9BAD76DF44" bold="true" box="[151,520,1122,1148]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A4867EBFB9BAD76DF44" bold="true" box="[151,520,1122,1148]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
Monophyly of
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A486631FB9BAD76DF44" box="[333,520,1122,1148]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Australolacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486631FB9BAD76DF44" bold="true" box="[333,520,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Australolacerta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96D626FF9C2A4867EBFB50ABF4DD75" blockId="6.[151,1436,1193,2010]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
The two species of
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A486604FB50AD56DFF9" box="[376,552,1193,1217]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Australolacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486604FB50AD56DFF9" box="[376,552,1193,1217]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Australolacerta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are endemic to
<collectingCountry id="F33E96B6FF9C2A48659FFB50AC0ADFF9" box="[739,884,1193,1217]" name="South Africa" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(Branch 1998), and both were originally placed within
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A486795FB37AE3EDFDD" box="[233,320,1230,1253]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Lacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486795FB37AE3EDFDD" box="[233,320,1230,1253]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Lacerta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, creating a zoogeographic paradox as most congeners were restricted to Eurasia (Arnold 1989). Arnold (1989), when describing
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A48657FFB08ADCDDE31" box="[515,691,1265,1289]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Australolacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A48657FFB08ADCDDE31" box="[515,691,1265,1289]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Australolacerta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, gave only a minimal diagnosis, noting that “… the South African species share a number of features with other Ethiopian lacertids which are not found in the apparent closest Palaearctic relatives, namely
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A486692FAC3ADD0DE69" box="[494,686,1337,1361]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Lacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jayakari">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486692FAC3ADD0DE69" box="[494,686,1337,1361]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Lacerta jayakari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
etc.”. The latter, now transferred to
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A486314FAC3AB84DE69" box="[1128,1274,1338,1361]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Omanosaura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486314FAC3AB84DE69" box="[1128,1274,1338,1361]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Omanosaura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, was initially considered to form a basal lineage within the Eremiadini (Harris
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A4864FAFAA7ACBFDE4D" box="[902,961,1373,1397]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
1998), although fuller taxon sampling of African lacertids (Arnold
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A4866BDFA7BAE83DEA1" box="[449,509,1409,1433]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2007; Hipsley
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A4865CDFA7BAD92DEA1" box="[689,748,1409,1433]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2009; Kapli
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A4864FBFA7BACBDDEA1" box="[903,963,1409,1433]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2011) shows it to cluster with a suite of mainly north African genera (e.g.
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486556FA5CACA2DE85" box="[554,988,1445,1469]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A486556FA5CAD96DE85" box="[554,744,1445,1469]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Acanthodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Acanthodactylus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A48658BFA5CAC1CDE85" box="[759,866,1445,1469]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Mesalina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mesalina</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A48640EFA5CACA2DE85" box="[882,988,1445,1469]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Ophisops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Ophisops</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
), with
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A486348FA5CABA8DE85" box="[1076,1238,1445,1469]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Atlantolacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486348FA5CABA8DE85" box="[1076,1238,1445,1469]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Atlantolacerta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
basal within the Eremiadini (Arnold
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486607FA33AECADED9" box="[379,436,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2007). The sister relationship of
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A486451FA30ACA3DED9" box="[813,989,1481,1505]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Australolacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486451FA30ACA3DED9" box="[813,989,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Australolacerta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A486369FA30ABD2DED9" box="[1045,1196,1481,1505]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Tropidosaura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486369FA30ABD2DED9" box="[1045,1196,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Tropidosaura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
proposed by Salvi
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A4862F4FA33AFCADD3D" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
(2011) and Kapli
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A4866FFFA17AEC2DD3D" box="[387,444,1517,1541]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
(2011) was based on the inclusion only of
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A4864D8FA14AB58DD3D" box="[932,1062,1517,1541]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Australolacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A4864D8FA14AB58DD3D" box="[932,1062,1517,1541]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">A. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the inclusion of
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A486261FA14AAE2DD3D" box="[1309,1436,1517,1541]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Lacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rupicola">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486261FA14AAE2DD3D" box="[1309,1436,1517,1541]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">A. rupicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Edwards
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486670F9EBAE39DD11" box="[268,327,1553,1577]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2012; Engleder
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486575F9EBAD3ADD11" box="[521,580,1553,1577]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2013; this study) revealed the paraphyly of
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A486336F9E8AB84DD11" box="[1098,1274,1553,1577]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Australolacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486336F9E8AB84DD11" box="[1098,1274,1553,1577]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Australolacerta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the basal position of
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A48666AF9CCAEE9DD75" box="[278,407,1589,1613]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Australolacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A48666AF9CCAEE9DD75" box="[278,407,1589,1613]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">A. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in a subclade including
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A4865D4F9CCAC56DD75" box="[680,808,1589,1613]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Ichnotropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A4865D4F9CCAC56DD75" box="[680,808,1589,1613]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Ichnotropis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A48644AF9CCACB0DD75" box="[822,974,1589,1613]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Tropidosaura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A48644AF9CCACB0DD75" box="[822,974,1589,1613]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Tropidosaura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486378F9CCABF4DD75" box="[1028,1162,1589,1613]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A486378F9CCABFBDD75" box="[1028,1157,1589,1613]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Lacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rupicola">A. rupicola</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96D626FF9C2A4867BBF9A0AA79DC71" blockId="6.[151,1436,1193,2010]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
Both species are rupicolous and Kirchhof and Richter (2009) and Kirchhof
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486362F9A3AB29DD49" box="[1054,1111,1625,1649]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
(2010a,b; 2012) give details of the species’ biology. They are morphologically similar, albeit that many of these similarities are plesiomorphic within lacertids (Arnold 1989). Due to their high-altitude and small ranges (Branch 1998), the two species have been difficult to collect and therefore little morphological data exists for either species. Recent morphological analyses (Edwards
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A486602F913AEC3DC39" box="[382,445,1769,1793]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">et al.</emphasis>
2012) confirm the similarity between the two species. Yet, important features of hemipenial ornamentation and everted hemipenis structure remain unknown. Whether these similar morphologies reflect adaptive convergence to rupicoly or the retention of plesiomorphic features remains unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96D626FF9C2A4967BBF8ACAE0ADACD" blockId="6.[151,1436,1193,2010]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,788]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
The two species are allopatric and geographically separated from one another by a distance of approximately
<quantity id="4CD17BC3FF9C2A4867EBF880AF88DCA9" box="[151,246,1913,1937]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" unit="km" value="1700.0">1700km</quantity>
. Few other genera in southern Africa are known to show such large geographical disjunctions between congeners, and analysis of previous examples has often revealed deep genetic divergence best reflected in generic re-assignment. Examples include: the erection of the genera
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A48642CF83BACBBDCE1" box="[848,965,1986,2009]" class="Reptilia" family="Chamaeleonidae" genus="Kinyongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A48642CF83BACBBDCE1" box="[848,965,1986,2009]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Kinyongia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9C2A48637DF838ABEBDCE1" box="[1025,1173,1985,2009]" class="Reptilia" family="Chamaeleonidae" genus="Nadzikambia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9C2A48637DF838ABEBDCE1" box="[1025,1173,1985,2009]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Nadzikambia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for non-South African dwarf chameleons previously included in
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9D2A496515FF61AC99DB97" authority="Tilbury et al. 2006" authorityName="Tilbury et al." authorityYear="2006" box="[617,999,151,176]" class="Reptilia" family="Chamaeleonidae" genus="Bradypodion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A496515FF61AD85DB88" box="[617,763,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Bradypodion</emphasis>
(Tilbury
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A496419FF60ACE3DB88" box="[869,925,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
2006)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A49635DFF61AB0BDB88" box="[1057,1141,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Inyokia</emphasis>
for the problematic Swazi rock snake that was shown to be sister to the tropical forest snake
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9D2A496403FF44AA34DBEC" authority="Kelly et al. 2011" authorityName="Kelly et al." authorityYear="2011" box="[895,1354,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Homonotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="modestus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A496403FF44AB0EDBEC" box="[895,1136,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Homonotus modestus</emphasis>
(Kelly
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A4963BAFF44AB81DBEC" box="[1222,1279,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
2011)
</taxonomicName>
. In one of the few exceptions of congeneric range disjunctions within the subcontinent, cordylid flat lizards of the
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9D2A4967EBFEFDAEF7DA24" box="[151,393,260,284]" class="Reptilia" family="Cordylidae" genus="Platysaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A4967EBFEFDAEF7DA24" box="[151,393,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Platysaurus capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex are separated geographically from other
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9D2A496499FEFDAB15DA24" box="[997,1131,260,284]" class="Reptilia" family="Cordylidae" genus="Platysaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A496499FEFDAB15DA24" box="[997,1131,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Platysaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by approximately
<quantity id="4CD17BC3FF9D2A496232FEFDAAE2DA24" box="[1358,1436,260,284]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" unit="km" value="850.0">850km</quantity>
(Branch &amp; Whiting 1997). Other described lacertid species are also separated from congeners by large distances, for example
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9D2A496651FEB5AD6FDA5C" box="[301,529,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Heliobolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lugubris">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A496651FEB5AD6FDA5C" box="[301,529,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Heliobolus lugubris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is separated from its congeners (
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A4964E2FEB4AB73DA5C" box="[926,1037,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9D2A4964E2FEB4AB77DA5C" box="[926,1033,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Heliobolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spekii">H. spekii</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9D2A496331FEB4ABBEDA5C" box="[1101,1216,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Heliobolus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nitidus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A496331FEB4ABBEDA5C" box="[1101,1216,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">H. nitidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) by&gt;
<quantity id="4CD17BC3FF9D2A496277FEB5AA16DA5C" box="[1291,1384,332,356]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" unit="km" value="2000.0">2000km</quantity>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9D2A4967EBFE89AE0BDAB0" box="[151,373,368,392]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Ichnotropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chapini">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A4967EBFE89AE0BDAB0" box="[151,373,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Ichnotropis chapini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is separated from other
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9D2A4965EEFE89AC6CDAB0" box="[658,786,368,392]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Ichnotropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A4965EEFE89AC6CDAB0" box="[658,786,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Ichnotropis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by approximately
<quantity id="4CD17BC3FF9D2A496490FE96AB36DABF" box="[1004,1096,367,391]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" unit="km" value="2000.0">2000km</quantity>
(Branch, 1998; Spawls
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A49621DFE88AAEBDAB0" box="[1377,1429,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">et al</emphasis>
. 2002). However, the Central African region is undersampled and it is possible that with increased sample collection new species may be discovered or that ranges of described species may increase, lessening the geographic gap between congeners.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B96D626FF9D2A4967BBFE06AE67D82C" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,788]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
Although there were no significant differences between the obtained trees and the constrained trees in the SH or AU test when the topology was constrained to monophyly for
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9D2A4964FBFDDDAB49D904" box="[903,1079,548,572]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Australolacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A4964FBFDDDAB49D904" box="[903,1079,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Australolacerta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sequence divergence estimates and the long branch lengths in the phylogenetic analyses (
<figureCitation id="1312CAA3FF9D2A49644DFDBEACEFD967" box="[817,913,583,607]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1723,1747]" captionTargetBox="[289,1250,486,1691]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[220,1368,455,1735]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Phylogenetic relationships of the southern African clade of lacertid lizards (Lacertidae: Eremiadini) estimated from four mitochondrial and nuclear markers (Bayesian topology estimated using a nucleotide substitution model shown). Nodes that are supported using Bayesian inference (posterior probabilities&gt; 0.95) using nucleotide substitution models and maximum likelihood (bootstrap values&gt; 75 %) using GTR + I + G nucleotide substitution model are shown at nodes (post. prob. using nucleotide-substitution model / bootstrap value for ML). A dash indicates that the node was not supported for the particular analysis. Species highlighted in grey are those species which are reclassified in this study. Stars next to species names indicate presence of gular fold; circles indicate presence of collar and a star within a circle indicate the presence of both a gular fold and a collar." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221969/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Figure 1</figureCitation>
) all other evidence strongly suggests that the two
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9D2A4967ACFD95AE01D9BC" box="[208,383,620,644]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Australolacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A4967ACFD95AE01D9BC" box="[208,383,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Australolacerta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species do not share a recent evolutionary history (Edwards
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A4963FDFD94ABBCD9BC" box="[1153,1218,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
2012).To provide consistency between taxonomic divisions in the Eremiadini, we propose that the two species of
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9D2A496390FD69AAE2D990" box="[1260,1436,656,680]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Australolacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A496390FD69AAE2D990" box="[1260,1436,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Australolacerta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be placed in separate genera. The
<typeStatus id="54926884FF9D2A49650CFD4CADDED9F5" box="[624,672,693,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9D2A49645FFD4DACACD9F4" box="[803,978,692,716]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Australolacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A49645FFD4DACACD9F4" box="[803,978,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Australolacerta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9D2A49648BFD4CAA18D9F4" authority="Arnold 1989" authorityName="Arnold" authorityYear="1989" box="[1015,1382,692,716]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Lacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A49648BFD4CABC6D9F4" box="[1015,1208,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Lacerta australis</emphasis>
(Arnold 1989)
</taxonomicName>
, and we therefore erect a new genus for the remaining species
<taxonomicName id="4C29ADA5FF9D2A49643CFD20AB7FD9C8" box="[832,1025,728,752]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Lacerta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rupicola">
<emphasis id="B95D0A34FF9D2A49643CFD20AB7FD9C8" box="[832,1025,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Lacerta rupicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based on morphology and genetic divergence.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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