176 lines
19 KiB
XML
176 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="C2662C778BB558F25322C2642BD87D73" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.194645" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fe9a371a-8635-40f8-bf0e-ad0b32642430" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="194645" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460215672952" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chakrabarty, Prosanta, Chu, Jeanette, Nahar, Luthfun & Sparks, John S." docDate="2010" docId="03F287A3FFE2FFBDBBF34AB73BBCFA47" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02427p024.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2427" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Equulites leuciscus Gunther 1860" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="FFCBFFDBFFE0FFBEBB644C203A34FFC3" masterDocTitle="Geometric morphometrics uncovers a new species of ponyfish (Teleostei: Leiognathidae: Equulites), with comments on the taxonomic status of Equula berbis Valenciennes" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1698237027500" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="486ABFFA827F6E352AA8A3B50B6D7A04" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0DC6DA64FBD139EF7E5ABD80A808E597">
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<mods:title id="C7B149A753DBA7B083017B2409AB52FE">Geometric morphometrics uncovers a new species of ponyfish (Teleostei: Leiognathidae: Equulites), with comments on the taxonomic status of Equula berbis Valenciennes</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="5B0D09112116E2E13DE82B72D417D26B" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="C27D060DCD0373EC8D66CCE097BE5F43">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D24C5851A828B94C518582827E4C5894">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1E16AD43D1C19DA41C445CBE87C69584">Chakrabarty, Prosanta</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="252D0EAC2EC1AE41862ACCF46487CD2D" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="B4385D02B710FFA561220F7277AFB7B4">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1B84CDE8933BA00288E1138EB4C8848C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="72F77FACDFF3B1C1FD4EEDB1DAAD003F">Chu, Jeanette</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="A5B8BAD67007AA8448A1AB9E04F40A27" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="68E5CB1F90CD9D2CF034775CAC7AC8E7">
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<mods:roleTerm id="91F67160A818E7E3D44B517DF6C162A4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7A9BD0447E291935F0374FA9A340DC3E">Nahar, Luthfun</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="41425DE0294961A8E1AC38A6FCE02909" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="BE8CD469DBF1716BFB258B53F53A62CC">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F95854B849AD34036AA37A3EF656980B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="BC34ED58F222761D2B4229CF07069CD0">Sparks, John S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B05C813164DE23DC0D4D8B33950BD08B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="6F6A04949E3628D41C4AA2CEC48BEE32">
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<mods:title id="11FB4B2E564A51E87896AEFF3F715E02">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="A8EBDE99ED01AC208C1E3AD285FEBB2D">
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<mods:date id="D94AA5C643115B9759F83B4156162942">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="1FCEF805D7A47D4D2A951223F6501416" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3E4C5C1CC56870B7C2F9A4F4962FCC23">2427</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="3C8568A082B6BDE7CD4F5AE573944CF9" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="F39CF2C95CC462E145D472BC11DFC091">15</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="ECE35160F90B4507644DFD28168F287F">24</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="15BDD998A3477DC28789EC7E4E6DF445">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6BC7E3DED1B93BBC1DA01716F5863243" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.194645</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8D9E700F9909F364072623A4E5338D40" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BE38FE46825C90B5AC750AB2FB287DBF" type="Zenodo-Dep">194645</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F287A3FFE2FFBDBBF34AB73BBCFA47" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5690699" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119384154" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5690699" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F287A3FFE2FFBDBBF34AB73BBCFA47" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F287A3FFE2FFBDBBF34AB73BBCFA47" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection id="C341653EFFE2FFBCBBF34AB7387CF917" pageId="2" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE436B5FFE2FFBCBBF34AB7387CF972" blockId="2.[151,584,1687,1748]" box="[151,584,1687,1713]" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="D0AC81D9FFE2FFBCBBF34AB7387CF972" bold="true" box="[151,584,1687,1713]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D36FFE2FFBCBBF34AB7387CF972" ID-CoL="6FYMD" authority="Gunther 1860" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,584,1687,1713]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Leiognathidae" genus="Equulites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leuciscus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE2FFBCBBF34AB7387CF972" bold="true" box="[151,584,1687,1713]" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE2FFBCBBF34AB73BB5F972" bold="true" box="[151,385,1687,1713]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">Equulites leuciscus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B44FFE2FFBCBAF44AB73874F972" author="Gunther" box="[400,576,1687,1713]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Gunther, A. (1860) Catalogue of the acanthopterygian fishes in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum, London. Catalogue of Fishes 2,548 pp." type="book" year="1860">Günther 1860</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE436B5FFE2FFBCBBF34A9A387CF917" blockId="2.[151,584,1687,1748]" box="[151,584,1722,1748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">
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<figureCitation id="13602A30FFE2FFBCBBF34A9A3B31F917" box="[151,261,1722,1748]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,833,857]" captionText="FIGURE 1. Holotype of Equulites leuciscus (BMNH 1858.4.21.243)" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">Figures 1</figureCitation>
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and
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<figureCitation id="13602A30FFE2FFBCBA5A4A9A3B78F917" box="[318,332,1722,1748]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,257,1679,1703]" captionTargetBox="[244,1341,722,1654]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[244,1342,722,1655]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Specimens of Group A morphotype (A—Western Indian Ocean) and Group B morphotype (B—Eastern Indian Ocean)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/194646/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">2</figureCitation>
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b (Group B),
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<tableCitation id="C6D9030EFFE2FFBCBA8E4A9A3876F917" box="[490,578,1722,1748]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,335,359]" captionTargetBox="[151,1250,386,1135]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of morphometrics for Group A and Group B, means with range in parentheses." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF24663DFFE2FFBCBBF34D6F3ED6FEA4" pageId="2" pageNumber="17" tableUuid="DF24663DFFE2FFBCBBF34D6F3ED6FEA4">Table 1</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C341653EFFE2FFBCBBF34B253AC8F89F" pageId="2" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE436B5FFE2FFBCBBF34B253AC8F89F" blockId="2.[151,1436,1797,1884]" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4B119BFFE2FFBCBBF34B253AC8F89F" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D36FFE2FFBCBBF34B25382FF8DF" ID-CoL="6FYLH" authority="Gunther, 1860:503" authorityName="Gunther" authorityPageNumber="503" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,539,1797,1820]" family="Leiognathidae" genus="Equula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leuciscus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE2FFBCBBF34B253B79F8DF" box="[151,333,1797,1820]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">Equula leuciscus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFA10A4FFE2FFBCBA374B25382FF8DF" author="Gunther" box="[339,539,1797,1820]" page="503" pageId="2" pageNumber="17" year="1860">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B44FFE2FFBCBA374B253BDAF8DF" author="Gunther" box="[339,494,1797,1820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Gunther, A. (1860) Catalogue of the acanthopterygian fishes in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum, London. Catalogue of Fishes 2,548 pp." type="book" year="1860">Gunther, 1860</bibRefCitation>
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:503
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<collectingCountry id="F34C7625FFE2FFBCB94D4B25384EF8DF" box="[553,634,1797,1820]" name="Indonesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">Ambon</collectingCountry>
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Island,
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<collectingCountry id="F34C7625FFE2FFBCB9B44B25390CF8DF" box="[720,824,1797,1820]" name="Indonesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">Moluccas</collectingCountry>
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Islands,
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<collectingCountry id="F34C7625FFE2FFBCB8F34B253E30F8DF" box="[919,1028,1797,1820]" name="Indonesia" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D36FFE2FFBCBBF34B05387EF8FF" authority="Gunther, 1860" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1860" box="[151,586,1829,1852]" family="Leiognathidae" genus="Photoplagios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leuciscus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE2FFBCBBF34B053BA4F8FF" box="[151,400,1829,1852]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">Photoplagios leuciscus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B44FFE2FFBCBAC44B053876F8FF" author="Gunther" box="[416,578,1829,1852]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Gunther, A. (1860) Catalogue of the acanthopterygian fishes in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum, London. Catalogue of Fishes 2,548 pp." type="book" year="1860">Gunther, 1860</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B44FFE2FFBCB9334B05391EF8FF" author="Sparks" box="[599,810,1829,1852]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Sparks, J. S., Dunlap, P. V. & Smith, W. L. (2005) Evolution and diversification of a sexually dimorphic luminescent system in ponyfishes (Teleostei: Leiognathidae), including diagnoses for two new genera. Cladistics, 21, 305 - 327." type="journal article" year="2005">
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Sparks
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE2FFBCB9CD4B0538EEF8FF" box="[681,730,1829,1852]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
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., 2005
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCA4B44FFE2FFBCB8534B053EB7F8FF" author="Sparks" box="[823,1155,1829,1852]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" refString="Sparks, J. S. & Chakrabarty, P. (2007) A new species of ponyfish (Teleostei: Leiognathidae: Photoplagios) from the Philippines. Copeia, 2007, 622 - 629." type="journal article" year="2007">Sparks and Chakrabarty, 2007</bibRefCitation>
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; Chakrabarty and Sparks, 2008
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C341653EFFE2FFBDBBF34BAA3B83FEAF" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BE436B5FFE2FFBDBBF34BAA3B83FEAF" blockId="2.[151,1436,1930,2034]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,152,364]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE2FFBCBBF34BAA3B24F867" bold="true" box="[151,272,1930,1956]" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D36FFE2FFBCBA7A4BAB3834F867" box="[286,512,1931,1956]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Leiognathidae" genus="Equulites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leuciscus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE2FFBCBA7A4BAB3834F867" box="[286,512,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="17">Equulites leuciscus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from all other leiognathids by the following combination of features: a rhomboid shaped body (> 38% BD); a dorsal flank pattern of dark, thin to broad semicircular and oval shapes, a markedly elongate 2nd dorsal fin spine, a translucent triangular lateral flank patch in males that does not reach the pectoral-fin base or comprise a continuous or broken midlateral stripe.
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D36FFE3FFBDBE4D4CB83B37FF15" class="Actinopterygii" family="Leiognathidae" genus="Equulites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leuciscus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE3FFBDBE4D4CB83B37FF15" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">Equulites leuciscus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be further distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D36FFE3FFBDB9FB4C9D3906FF15" box="[671,818,189,214]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Leiognathidae" genus="Equulites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongatus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE3FFBDB9FB4C9D3906FF15" box="[671,818,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">E. elongatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D36FFE3FFBDB8094C9D39CCFF15" box="[877,1016,189,214]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Leiognathidae" genus="Equulites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivulatus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE3FFBDB8094C9D39CCFF15" box="[877,1016,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">E. rivulatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by possessing a much deeper body (38-47% vs. 12.5-29.7% of SL) and from
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D36FFE3FFBDB9EC4CC2397AFF38" box="[648,846,226,251]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Leiognathidae" genus="Equulites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laterofenestra">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE3FFBDB9EC4CC2397AFF38" box="[648,846,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">E. laterofenestra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D36FFE3FFBDB8EC4CC23E19FF38" box="[904,1069,226,251]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Leiognathidae" genus="Equulites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="klunzingeri">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE3FFBDB8EC4CC23E19FF38" box="[904,1069,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">E. klunzingeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by a translucent flank patch in males that does not reach the pectoral fin axil. The triangular lateral flank patch of males in
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D36FFE3FFBDBFA14D283F64FEE2" box="[1221,1360,264,289]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Leiognathidae" genus="Equulites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leuciscus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE3FFBDBFA14D283F64FEE2" box="[1221,1360,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">E. leuciscus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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easily distinguishes it from
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE3FFBDBAFE4D0D38D1FE85" box="[410,741,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D36FFE3FFBDBAFE4D0D3810FE85" box="[410,548,301,326]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Leiognathidae" genus="Equulites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antongil">E. antongil</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D36FFE3FFBDB9554D0D38D1FE85" box="[561,741,301,326]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Leiognathidae" genus="Equulites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stercorarius">E. stercorarius</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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, and
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE3FFBDB84E4D0D39C9FE85" box="[810,1021,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D36FFE3FFBDB84E4D0D39CCFE85" box="[810,1016,301,326]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Leiognathidae" genus="Equulites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moretoniensis">E. moretoniensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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all of which have a continuous or broken midlateral stripe.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF24663DFFE3FFBDBBF34F613948FC9B" box="[151,892,833,857]" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">
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<paragraph id="8BE436B5FFE3FFBDBBF34F613948FC9B" blockId="3.[151,892,833,857]" box="[151,892,833,857]" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE3FFBDBBF34F613B2DFC9A" bold="true" box="[151,281,833,857]" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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Holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D36FFE3FFBDBAC24F623840FC9A" box="[422,628,834,857]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Leiognathidae" genus="Equulites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leuciscus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE3FFBDBAC24F623840FC9A" box="[422,628,834,857]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">Equulites leuciscus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(BMNH 1858.4.21.243)
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C341653EFFE3FFBDBBA24FA43BBCFA47" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE436B5FFE3FFBDBBA24FA43BBCFA47" blockId="3.[151,1437,900,1412]" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE3FFBDBBA24FA43B63FC5D" bold="true" box="[198,343,900,926]" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">Description</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B4D36FFE3FFBDBA024FA53873FC5D" box="[358,583,901,926]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Leiognathidae" genus="Equulites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leuciscus">
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<emphasis id="B92FEAA7FFE3FFBDBA024FA53873FC5D" box="[358,583,901,926]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="18">Equulites leuciscus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a medium-sized, elongate, and rhomboid-shaped ponyfish. The dorsal and ventral profiles are equally convex. The lower jaw profile is straight. The dorsal head profile is straight from the area dorsal to the orbit to the dorsal-fin origin. The lips are thin and not fleshy. The posterior margin of the maxilla is exposed and reaches a vertical through the anterior part of the orbit. The teeth are small and conical. The head is asquamate, whereas the remainder of the body (including the nuchal region) is scaled. In males, an expansive triangular, translucent patch, forming more or less an equilateral triangle, is present on the midflank. The base of the triangle is located parallel and slightly ventral to the midline of the body, and the vertex is located slightly dorsal to the anal-fin origin. The entire body is silvery, due to heavy guanine deposition. Pigmentation pattern on the dorsal flank comprises dark, thin to broad semicircular and oval shapes. There are 10 precaudal and 13 caudal vertebrae (including the ural centrum). There are eight dorsalfins spines and 16 rays in all individuals. There are three anal-fin spines and 14 rays in all individuals. The 2nd dorsal-fin spine is markedly longer than the remaining spines. The 2nd dorsal-fin spine may be up to twice the length of the 3rd spine and equal to or greater than the body depth, although these spines are broken in many individuals.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |