121 lines
15 KiB
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121 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="8777E07A3E516483C5767578ACDD9160" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3666.2.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="35615276-4024-448b-baf6-a96a0697b933" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="220054" ID-ZooBank="4951C68A-93C4-4777-B7D4-D7D657AE1DBC" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460623009869" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mullins, Patricia L., Riley, Edward G. & Oswald, John D." docDate="2013" docId="03BDFF506D175070B7A4FCFAFC5CF823" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03666p251.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3666 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Nicrophorus pustulatus Herschel 1807" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="235" masterDocId="FF8487286D19507EB733FFE5FFEEFFF6" masterDocTitle="Identification, distribution, and adult phenology of the carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae) of Texas" masterLastPageNumber="251" masterPageNumber="221" pageNumber="235" updateTime="1698334092548" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="394C9140348F7E1FE77751A4B146E805">
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<mods:title id="C4F69FA2AADC46BECB880DA9A47D7157">Identification, distribution, and adult phenology of the carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae) of Texas</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3941AA323DD5E00CBEE6FBCD07426317">Mullins, Patricia L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="604D4BD2D7557F445913C392133C10D2">Riley, Edward G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1A823CA2750E0DA6D27922A07180B9A8">Oswald, John D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BF3A0F7255FF278DD6B053892E825E28">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="DFBADE5B4147932B252A50695C13D81B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D2FB77F89B78023F350144991522BBB8">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="991EDA26714C25AE6A5F6716B8F6A153">3666</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A3E76C78C512FC16AEC895343E48E57E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3666.2.7</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BDFF506D175070B7A4FCFAFC5CF823" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6149473" ID-GBIF-Taxon="125814705" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6149473" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BDFF506D175070B7A4FCFAFC5CF823" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BDFF506D175070B7A4FCFAFC5CF823" lastPageNumber="235" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">
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<subSubSection id="C30E1DCD6D175070B7A4FCFAFC03FC56" pageId="14" pageNumber="235" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D175070B7A4FCFAFD9DFCCF" blockId="14.[151,627,799,858]" box="[151,627,799,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">
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<heading id="D0E3F92A6D175070B7A4FCFAFD9DFCCF" bold="true" box="[151,627,799,825]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="235" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1435C56D175070B7A4FCFAFD9DFCCF" authority="Herschel, 1807" authorityName="Herschel" authorityYear="1807" box="[151,627,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Nicrophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pustulatus">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D175070B7A4FCFAFD9DFCCF" bold="true" box="[151,627,799,825]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D175070B7A4FCFAFE5BFCCF" bold="true" box="[151,437,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">Nicrophorus pustulatus</emphasis>
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Herschel, 1807
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D175070B7A4FCA7FE8FFCAC" blockId="14.[151,627,799,858]" box="[151,353,834,858]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">
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<figureCitation id="132F52C36D175070B7A4FCA7FF0DFCAC" box="[151,227,834,858]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1537,1560]" captionTargetBox="[157,1417,783,1505]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,772,1516]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 6. Details of Texas Silphidae. 1. Nicrophorus pustulatus, presence of epistomal suture; 2. Nicrophorinae, antenna; 3. Necrophila americana, absence of epistomal suture; 4. Silphinae, antenna; 5. Necrodes surinamensis, pronotum; 6. Oiceoptoma inaequale, pronotum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220055/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132F52C36D175070B7C2FCA7FEFEFCAC" box="[241,272,834,858]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 – 30" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1547,1570]" captionTargetBox="[162,1431,458,1515]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,445,1526]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 24 – 30. Habitus of Texas Nicrophorus. 24, N. americanus; 25, N. carolinus; 26, N. marginatus; 27, N. mexicanus; 28, N. pustulatus; 29, N. orbicollis; 30, N. tomentosus. All scale bars = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220059/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">28</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132F52C36D175070B628FCA7FED4FCAC" box="[283,314,834,858]" captionStart="FIGURES 37 – 42" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1405,1428]" captionTargetBox="[162,1432,201,1375]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,193,1384]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 37 – 42. Adult seasonality profiles based on occurrence records for Texas Silphidae, Nicrophorinae (part). 37, Nicrophorus americanus; 38, N. carolinus; 39, N. marginatus; 40, N. mexicanus; 41, N. orbicollis; 42, N. pustulatus. For an explanation of occurrence record calculations, see Methods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220061/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">42</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132F52C36D175070B676FCA7FE8FFCAC" box="[325,353,834,858]" captionStart="FIGURES 50 – 55" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1983,2006]" captionTargetBox="[178,1400,191,1956]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[153,1437,173,1972]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 50 – 55. Distribution maps for Texas Silphidae, Nicrophorinae (part). 50, Nicrophorus americanus; 51, N. carolinus; 52, N. marginatu s; 53, N. mexicanus; 54, N. orbicollis; 55, N. pustulatus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220064/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">55</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D175070B7A4FC6FFC03FC56" blockId="14.[151,1005,906,929]" box="[151,1005,906,929]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1435C56D175070B7A4FC6FFDB5FC56" authority="Herschel, 1807: 271" authorityName="Herschel" authorityPageNumber="271" authorityYear="1807" box="[151,603,906,928]" class="Insecta" family="Silphidae" genus="Necrophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="235" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pustulatus">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D175070B7A4FC6FFE66FC56" box="[151,392,906,928]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">Necrophorus pustulatus</emphasis>
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Herschel, 1807: 271
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</taxonomicName>
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(see Sikes
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<emphasis id="B96092546D175070B5FDFC6EFCEFFC56" box="[718,769,906,928]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">et al.</emphasis>
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(2002) for synonymy).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30E1DCD6D175070B7A4FC28FEA2FADF" pageId="14" pageNumber="235" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D175070B7A4FC28FCB9FB17" blockId="14.[151,1436,973,2006]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D175070B7A4FC28FEFFFC13" bold="true" box="[151,273,973,998]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Body length
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<quantity id="4CECE3A36D175070B682FC28FDC1FC13" box="[433,559,973,997]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="235" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="16.0">16–22 mm</quantity>
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, entirely black except for anterior and posterior elytral maculae red-orange; epipleuron entirely black, anteriorly glabrous; anterior and posterior elytral maculae not joined laterally; anterior elytral maculae small and round, lateral in position, reaching epipleural ridge; posterior elytral macula transverse or reduced to two separate round spots, not reaching epipleuron or elytral suture. Antennal club orange with basal segment black. Pronotum orbicular with transverse anterior impression, disc glabrous, lateral margins moderately broad. Dorsal surface of elytron without long hairs. Epipleural ridge extended to point below or almost below humeral callus. Lateral portion of metasternum sparsely covered with brownish hairs. Posterior lobe of metepimeron glabrous or nearly so. Tarsal empodium bisetose.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D175070B7FAFB08FEA2FADF" blockId="14.[151,1436,973,2006]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D175070B7FAFB08FEF2FAF3" bold="true" box="[201,284,1261,1285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">Range.</emphasis>
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Nova
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<collectingCountry id="F3030ED66D175070B65AFB08FE41FAF3" box="[361,431,1261,1285]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">Scotia</collectingCountry>
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south to Florida, west to Alberta, Nebraska, and Texas (Anderson & Peck 1985, Peck & Kaulbars 1987).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30E1DCD6D175070B7FAFAD0FC5CF823" pageId="14" pageNumber="235" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D175070B7FAFAD0FBE0FA2B" blockId="14.[151,1436,973,2006]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D175070B7FAFAD0FE45FAB8" bold="true" box="[201,427,1333,1358]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">Texas distribution.</emphasis>
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See
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<figureCitation id="132F52C36D175070B6DBFAD0FDD0FABB" box="[488,574,1333,1357]" captionStart="FIGURES 50 – 55" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1983,2006]" captionTargetBox="[178,1400,191,1956]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[153,1437,173,1972]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 50 – 55. Distribution maps for Texas Silphidae, Nicrophorinae (part). 50, Nicrophorus americanus; 51, N. carolinus; 52, N. marginatu s; 53, N. mexicanus; 54, N. orbicollis; 55, N. pustulatus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220064/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
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. This species is primarily confined to the Texan and Austroriparian biotic provinces of Texas with one occurrence record from the Kansan biotic province. It occurs in the following Texas vegetational areas: pineywoods, gulf coast prairies and marshes, post oak savannah and blackland prairies, and rolling plains. Confirmed counties (11): Anderson, Brazoria, Brazos, Fort Bend, Hemphill, Lamar, Leon, Nacogdoches, Panola, Tyler, Wood. Collections: EGRC, SFAC, TAMU, UTIC.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D175070B7FAFA0CFEBCF99B" blockId="14.[151,1436,973,2006]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D175070B7FAFA0CFE27F9F4" bold="true" box="[201,457,1513,1538]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">Seasonality in Texas.</emphasis>
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See
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<figureCitation id="132F52C36D175070B53AFA0CFD8EF9F7" box="[521,608,1513,1537]" captionStart="FIGURES 37 – 42" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1405,1428]" captionTargetBox="[162,1432,201,1375]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,193,1384]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 37 – 42. Adult seasonality profiles based on occurrence records for Texas Silphidae, Nicrophorinae (part). 37, Nicrophorus americanus; 38, N. carolinus; 39, N. marginatus; 40, N. mexicanus; 41, N. orbicollis; 42, N. pustulatus. For an explanation of occurrence record calculations, see Methods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/220061/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
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. The adult seasonality profile of this species (based on 22 occurrence records: Appendix I) is unimodal, with a peak from spring to late fall. The months of August and September have few occurrence records likely due to under-sampling in these months, making the seasonality profile appear to be weakly bimodal.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D175070B7FAF99CFDE1F943" blockId="14.[151,1436,973,2006]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">
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<emphasis id="B96092546D175070B7FAF99CFE60F964" bold="true" box="[201,398,1657,1682]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">Biological notes.</emphasis>
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Anderson and Peck (1985) and Lingafelter (1995) report that adults are nocturnal and are found mostly in forested habitats.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAB4E466D175070B7FAF927FC5CF823" blockId="14.[151,1436,973,2006]" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">
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Data from examined labels. Collecting methods: UV light trap, hanging sugarbait trap, blacklight/UV light trap, pit-fall trap. Habitat records: pine–oak woods [blacklight/UV light trap], in rotten log and on ground. Carrion records: under dead chicken. Several specimens were collected at night. This species is restricted to the eastern forested vegetational areas of Texas with a single record from the rolling plains (riparian corridor of the Canadian River in (Hemphill County). Robertson (1992), Trumbo (1992) and Rauter and Moore (2002) published on the reproductive behavior of this species. Trumbo (1990a) published on the ecology of this species in the southeastern
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<collectingCountry id="F3030ED66D175070B7A4F87CFEDCF847" box="[151,306,1945,1969]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">United States</collectingCountry>
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, and Anderson (1982) discussed the natural history. This species appears to have undergone, or is undergoing, a host shift from carrion to snake eggs (Smith
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<emphasis id="B96092546D175070B418F85BFC8DF823" box="[811,867,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="235">et al.</emphasis>
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2007).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |