329 lines
38 KiB
XML
329 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="E2B8B3C671D37F904FFA13BC3240E5DD" ID-CLB-Dataset="102626" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5168.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4e90e71f-ff39-4569-8fdf-6f8f5edb73d1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6876161" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1658417337616" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mather, Ellen K., Lee, Michael S. Y. & Worthy, Trevor H." docDate="2022" docId="DC3487FAFFD0B049FF075538F9D4F9BE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5168.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5168 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Aegypiinae Peters 1931" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="200DFF82FFDDB047FF905236FB6AFFEF" masterDocTitle="A new look at an old Australian raptor places “ Taphaetus ” lacertosus de Vis 1905 in the Old World vultures (Accipitridae: Aegypiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="23" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1699361215756" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="DD3C729F0B2503A854CDF8EA92732A57" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="DD25F595A6994ED88DCAFE1411E805E6">
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<mods:title id="094E10D9096389C9DA156E601962A401">A new look at an old Australian raptor places “ Taphaetus ” lacertosus de Vis 1905 in the Old World vultures (Accipitridae: Aegypiinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="25F03720544FDA6473B2E50654B257F1" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="9BCAF697CC3681D79C257546A1A73FBB">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5600DA14C02CA6744C75776AAE83D5C3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="42B257654E258EF432C1174A03FBE328">Mather, Ellen K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="008AF4D24F3697ABA9C6160402EABC33" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9437-1395</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="89C2392F04B6D5ADC0FFEDF17224CF5A">Palaeontology Group, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia & ellen. mather @ flinders. edu. au, math 0083 @ flinders. edu. au, https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9437 - 1395</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="7B6E4B1D37D52EFEDE2FACFE952C5699" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="EDFA5D425D81AA44FB8B66F768A66A43">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B23326AEF8A4DB9707DF166F8DD2CB75">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2C4CAFA7E50B9F6B78442043A26F7BD3">Lee, Michael S. Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F4AAAC936D90C7A8AD6272FA3EBA9F48" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3905-0887</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="DC7679C91058FA726842686D978C33CF">Palaeontology Group, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia & Earth Sciences Section, South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide 5000, Australia & mike. lee @ flinders. edu. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3905 - 0887</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F2358C639C2CC5352D332580CEABE2A5" type="email">mike.lee@flinders.edu.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="A8F4D577E250D1ED1D3F30DC4FE18D54" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="52B0264590593FD1813A5EE735704071">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B51F1D37E5E25BC8FB65FE7592E4E518">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9DFC84D3E2275851172B66EEB176615C">Worthy, Trevor H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="026D56EC35E52FD4B87DA5DDBD5ED759" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7047-4680</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="6338C7C2BDFE8F70BEC60F241FEC5988">Palaeontology Group, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia & trevor. worthy @ flinders. edu. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7047 - 4680</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E5D5D5CF8BC883C70986E055C62CBA82" type="email">trevor.worthy@flinders.edu.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D092DC71880AA466EF03FCE2E06C1567">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="DE5790C18DFFA5AE1FAE06223B064B80" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2CC1A13873EE8C7AE319B7652D1EFAD3">
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<mods:title id="5DA5E9ECD73239D595AD7B8E3E4F60D3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="E326D09AA9B5A881506EA6F5106E334E">
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<mods:date id="53FAE4BA6F3B0123AE889D7DCEE2B94B">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="138C5148D10E9D52B66D72276137547F" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="9007071FAED92CE506B83A92E2E43B7E">2022-07-20</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="D68DC7EF1BC67431893666296E795BE0" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="4410633AC733851A18ACE5EE1E9D3AF0">5168</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="A7A087E6288AE82DB843D72D439832A2" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="412386476619E62135BFB07F305597ED">1</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="A5C23FAC56EB056E51DFA5E1AE132EBF" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="B97F49E3300BDAE9D48315E01A31CF1F">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="9BCDFE3265A77F80448A56FC6DCB4649">23</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="9B12C4AD09045892557629D9F3194DCA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="016A6E07743563857F4669E038C3E9E5" type="CLB-Dataset">102626</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D322D72D6507E07C9F215361E79C9FCD" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5168.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="65AE634DC0950B69F1BBDB517B70BB80" type="GBIF-Dataset">4e90e71f-ff39-4569-8fdf-6f8f5edb73d1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0C1E121D19738DD1328D224583E14C49" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F4561987BA6776FE2D49013DFE7F9633" type="Zenodo-Dep">6876161</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B686F2FE681AD37E992A0C5A8F907601" type="ZooBank">82876DF7-905F-4005-9152-609B7CC41133</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="DC3487FAFFD0B049FF075538F9D4F9BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6884272" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197839019" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6884272" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DC3487FAFFD0B049FF075538F9D4F9BE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DC3487FAFFD0B049FF075538F9D4F9BE" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<subSubSection id="1C876567FFD0B04AFF075538FA4EF8C7" box="[151,292,1806,1832]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="542236ECFFD0B04AFF075538FA4EF8C7" blockId="13.[151,1437,1806,2013]" box="[151,292,1806,1832]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<heading id="0F6A8180FFD0B04AFF075538FA4EF8C7" bold="true" box="[151,292,1806,1832]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD0B04AFF075538FA4EF8C7" bold="true" box="[151,292,1806,1832]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD0B04AFF075538FA75F8C7" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,287,1806,1832]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aegypiinae">Aegypiinae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1C876567FFD0B049FF575505F9D4F9BE" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
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<paragraph id="542236ECFFD0B049FF575505FFE8FE3E" blockId="13.[151,1437,1806,2013]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,150,1617]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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The fossil is very similar to aegypiine species (see
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<figureCitation id="CCA62A69FFD0B04AFC8A5505F817F8A2" box="[794,893,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[218,1370,194,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[205,1382,181,1841]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 4. Comparisons of the elements of Cryptogyps lacertosus to those of six species of Aegypiinae, tarsometatarsus in plantar view to show structure of the hypotarsus (top), tarsometatarsus in dorsal view (middle) and distal humerus in cranial view (bottom): Trigonoceps occipitalis (A); Torgos tracheliotos (B); Sarcogyps calvus (C); Aegypius monachus (D); Necrosyrtes monachus (E); Gyps coprotheres (F); and Cryptogyps lacertosus (G). Numbers reflect the characters given in the tarsometatarsus description. Images are scaled to similar size." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6876177" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6876177/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figure 4</figureCitation>
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), and consistent with them in the following 13 characters:
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD0B04AFE875560FA52F89F" bold="true" box="[279,312,1878,1904]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">(2)</emphasis>
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a narrow sulcus hypotarsus;
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD0B04AFDED5560F9F4F89F" bold="true" box="[637,670,1878,1904]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">(3)</emphasis>
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the sulcus hypotarsus is set plantar to the sulcus flexorius, though in species of
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<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD0B04AFE9C554DFA2CF87A" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1809" box="[268,326,1915,1941]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Gyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD0B04AFE9C554DFA2CF87A" box="[268,326,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gyps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and in
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<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD0B04AFE06554DF91EF87A" authorityName="NMV R" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[406,628,1915,1941]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Aegypius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monachus">
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD0B04AFE06554DF91EF87A" box="[406,628,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Aegypius monachus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to a lesser degree than in the fossil;
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD0B04AFB94554CFF4FF87B" bold="true" box="[1028,1061,1914,1940]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">(5)</emphasis>
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the notch for the nervus peroneus is very shallow in proximal view in all species, except those in
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<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD0B04AFCCF55A9F8F3F856" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1809" box="[863,921,1951,1977]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Gyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD0B04AFCCF55A9F8F3F856" box="[863,921,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gyps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and in
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<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD0B04AFC7D55A9FFDAF856" authorityName="NHMUK S." baseAuthorityName="Scopoli" baseAuthorityYear="1786" box="[1005,1200,1951,1977]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Sarcogyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calvus">
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD0B04AFC7D55A9FFDAF856" box="[1005,1200,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Sarcogyps calvus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(shallow but distinct notch);
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD0B04AFF7D55F4FA64F833" bold="true" box="[237,270,1986,2012]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">(6)</emphasis>
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the fossa parahypotarsalis lateralis extends over a third of the shaft length in all species except
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<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD0B049FAA655F5FA63FF5E" authorityName="NMV R" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Aegypius" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monachus">
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD0B049FAA655F5FA63FF5E" italics="true" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Aegypius monachus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, in which it is barely present;
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FDF652A0F9ECFF5F" bold="true" box="[614,646,150,176]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">(8)</emphasis>
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the fossa infracotylaris dorsalis is deepened proximally in all species except those in
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<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FED7528DFAEBFF3A" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1809" box="[327,385,187,213]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Gyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FED7528DFAEBFF3A" box="[327,385,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Gyps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FE28528DF9DCFF3A" authorityName="USNM" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[440,694,187,213]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Necrosyrtes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monachus">
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FE28528DF9DCFF3A" box="[440,694,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Necrosyrtes monachus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, in which it is shallow;
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FC54528CF899FF3B" bold="true" box="[964,1011,186,212]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">(13)</emphasis>
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the medial shaft margin is thin dorsal to the fossa parahypotarsalis medialis;
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FDD952E8F912FF17" bold="true" box="[585,632,222,248]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">(15)</emphasis>
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the impressiones retinaculi extensorii are extremely flattened or absent;
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FF075334FBAFFEF3" bold="true" box="[151,197,258,284]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">(16)</emphasis>
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the tuberositas m. tibialis cranialis directly abuts the foramina in all species except
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<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FB035335FEF7FEF2" authorityName="NHMUK S." baseAuthorityName="Burchell" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[1171,1437,259,285]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Trigonoceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occipitalis">
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FB035335FEF7FEF2" box="[1171,1437,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Trigonoceps occipitalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FF575311FA40FEAE" authorityName="NHMUK S." baseAuthorityName="Scopoli" baseAuthorityYear="1786" box="[199,298,295,321]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Sarcogyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calvus">
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FF575311FA40FEAE" box="[199,298,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">S. calvus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(separated by one tuberositas length);
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FD4B5310F863FEAF" bold="true" box="[731,777,294,320]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">(21)</emphasis>
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the sulcus for m. abductor digit IV is broad;
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FA915310FE45FEAF" bold="true" box="[1281,1327,294,320]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">(22)</emphasis>
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the distal extent of trochlea metatarsi II is slightly longer than or roughly equal to that of trochlea metatarsi III in all species, except those in
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<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FEDA5359FAEEFE66" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1809" box="[330,388,367,393]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Gyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FEDA5359FAEEFE66" box="[330,388,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Gyps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FE035359F91EFE66" authorityName="NMV R" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[403,628,367,393]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Aegypius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monachus">
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FE035359F91EFE66" box="[403,628,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Aegypius monachus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FD3C5359F8C1FE66" authorityName="USNM" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[684,939,367,393]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Necrosyrtes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monachus">
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FD3C5359F8C1FE66" box="[684,939,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Necrosyrtes monachus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, in which trochlea metatarsi III has slightly greater extent than trochlea metatarsi II;
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FDFC53A4F9F1FE43" bold="true" box="[620,667,402,428]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">(24)</emphasis>
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the plantar flange of trochlea metatarsi II is short;
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FB7B53A4FE73FE43" bold="true" box="[1259,1305,402,428]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">(25)</emphasis>
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the plantar flange of trochlea metatarsi IV is short;
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FDC65380F9EEFE3F" bold="true" box="[598,644,438,464]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">(27)</emphasis>
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and trochlea metatarsi II is relatively narrow.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="542236ECFFD3B049FF5753EDFBADFDD2" blockId="14.[151,1437,150,1617]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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While, as shown, the
|
|
<typeStatus id="8B26884EFFD3B049FE2553EDF976FE1A" box="[437,540,475,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
|
and other fossils attributed to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FCFC53EDFF0CFE1A" box="[876,1126,475,501]" class="Aves" family="Ardeidae" genus="Cryptogyps" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pelecaniformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lacertosus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FCFC53EDFF0CFE1A" box="[876,1126,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Cryptogyps lacertosus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are broadly similar to those of aegypiines, they can be distinguished from those of all aegypiine genera as follows (aegypiine state in brackets).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="542236ECFFD3B049FF575071FF7DFC4A" blockId="14.[151,1437,150,1617]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
|
The humerus has a more prominently projecting tuberculum supracondylare dorsale (tuberculum supracondylare dorsale non-projecting), moderate cranial projection of the tuberculum supracondylare ventrale (flattened or reduced cranial projection), a shallow, large attachment scar for the proximal head of pronator superficialis (small scar), and the epicondylus ventralis is highly distinct from the tuberculum supracondylaris ventralis. The tarsometatarsus has a prominent eminentia intercotylaris (flattened or barely projecting), medial and lateral cotylae of roughly equal depth (medial shallower), a deepened notch for the nervus peroneus (shallow or no notch), a broad and deep fossa parahypotarsalis lateralis (shallow), a deep sulcus extensorius (shallow), a deep sulcus flexorius (shallow), a shallow fovea lig. collateralis (deep in all species except
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FC885175F8B7FCB2" authorityName="ANWC" baseAuthorityName="J. R. Forster" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[792,989,835,861]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Gyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coprotheres">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FC885175F8B7FCB2" box="[792,989,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Gyps coprotheres</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), and the length of trochlea metatarsi II being slightly greater relative to trochlea metatarsi IV (significantly longer than trochlea metatarsi IV). The fossil can further be distinguished from individual genera by the following characters:
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="542236ECFFD3B049FF575199F9D4F9BE" blockId="14.[151,1437,150,1617]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
|
From species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FE175199FAB9FC27" box="[391,467,943,968]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Torgos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FE175199FAB9FC27" box="[391,467,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Torgos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FE725199F906FC27" box="[482,620,943,968]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Trigonoceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FE725199F906FC27" box="[482,620,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Trigonoceps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FDED5199F99BFC26" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" box="[637,753,943,969]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Sarcogyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FDED5199F99BFC26" box="[637,753,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sarcogyps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FCA25199F8DDFC27" authorityName="Gloger" authorityYear="1841" box="[818,951,943,968]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Necrosyrtes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FCA25199F8DDFC27" box="[818,951,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Necrosyrtes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by a deeper fossa m. brachialis (shallow); from species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FED751E5FAF9FC03" box="[327,403,979,1004]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Torgos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FED751E5FAF9FC03" box="[327,403,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Torgos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FE0F51E5F979FC02" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" box="[415,531,979,1005]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Sarcogyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FE0F51E5F979FC02" box="[415,531,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sarcogyps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FD8F51E5F9ECFC02" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1809" box="[543,646,979,1005]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Aegypius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FD8F51E5F9ECFC02" box="[543,646,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Aegypius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FD2A51E5F99EFC02" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1809" box="[698,756,979,1005]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Gyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FD2A51E5F99EFC02" box="[698,756,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Gyps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by lacking a prominent, visible m. extensor metacarpi ulnaris origin (distinct); from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FE0051C1FAB6FBFF" box="[400,476,1015,1040]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Torgos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FE0051C1FAB6FBFF" box="[400,476,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Torgos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FE7951C1F919FBFF" box="[489,627,1015,1040]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Trigonoceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FE7951C1F919FBFF" box="[489,627,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Trigonoceps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FD1151C1F99FFBFE" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" box="[641,757,1015,1041]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Sarcogyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FD1151C1F99FFBFE" box="[641,757,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sarcogyps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FC9151C1F802FBFE" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1809" box="[769,872,1015,1041]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Aegypius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FC9151C1F802FBFE" box="[769,872,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Aegypius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FC0D51C1F8BDFBFE" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1809" box="[925,983,1015,1041]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Gyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FC0D51C1F8BDFBFE" box="[925,983,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Gyps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the condylus ventralis being continuous with the entepicondyle (not continuous); from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FD4A562DF84CFBDB" box="[730,806,1051,1076]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Torgos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FD4A562DF84CFBDB" box="[730,806,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Torgos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FCA6562DF8AAFBDB" box="[822,960,1051,1076]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Trigonoceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FCA6562DF8AAFBDB" box="[822,960,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Trigonoceps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FC40562DFF2EFBDA" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" box="[976,1092,1051,1077]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Sarcogyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FC40562DFF2EFBDA" box="[976,1092,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sarcogyps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FBC3562DFFD0FBDA" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1809" box="[1107,1210,1051,1077]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Aegypius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FBC3562DFFD0FBDA" box="[1107,1210,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Aegypius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FB63562DFE12FBDB" authorityName="Gloger" authorityYear="1841" box="[1267,1400,1051,1076]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Necrosyrtes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FB63562DFE12FBDB" box="[1267,1400,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Necrosyrtes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the trochlea metatarsi IV being relatively broad (narrow); from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FCCF5609F883FBB7" box="[863,1001,1087,1112]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Trigonoceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FCCF5609F883FBB7" box="[863,1001,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Trigonoceps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FC675609FF01FBB6" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" box="[1015,1131,1087,1113]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Sarcogyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FC675609FF01FBB6" box="[1015,1131,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sarcogyps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FBE95609FF8AFBB6" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1809" box="[1145,1248,1087,1113]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Aegypius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FBE95609FF8AFBB6" box="[1145,1248,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Aegypius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FA865609FE3AFBB6" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1809" box="[1302,1360,1087,1113]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Gyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FA865609FE3AFBB6" box="[1302,1360,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Gyps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the impressio ligamentum collateralis lateralis being prominent laterally (flattened); from
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FBEB5655FE03FB93" box="[1147,1385,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FBEB5655FFA0FB93" box="[1147,1226,1123,1148]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Torgos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Torgos</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FB485655FE0FFB93" box="[1240,1381,1123,1148]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Trigonoceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Trigonoceps</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FF0756B1FA61FB4E" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" box="[151,267,1159,1185]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Sarcogyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FF0756B1FA61FB4E" box="[151,267,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sarcogyps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the lateral crista hypotarsus being longer than wide (wider than long) and the tarsometatarsus being overall short and robust in length (comparatively long and elongate, narrows between proximal and distal ends); from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FF4556F9FA30FB07" authorityName="Gloger" authorityYear="1841" box="[213,346,1231,1256]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Necrosyrtes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FF4556F9FA30FB07" box="[213,346,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Necrosyrtes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FEF956F9FAC9FB06" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1809" box="[361,419,1231,1257]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Gyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FEF956F9FAC9FB06" box="[361,419,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Gyps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FE4B56F9F928FB06" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1809" box="[475,578,1231,1257]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Aegypius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FE4B56F9F928FB06" box="[475,578,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Aegypius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by a deep fossa infracotylaris (shallow fossa); from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FB0456F9FF8AFB07" box="[1172,1248,1231,1256]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Torgos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FB0456F9FF8AFB07" box="[1172,1248,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Torgos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FA8856F9FEF7FB07" authorityName="Gloger" authorityYear="1841" box="[1304,1437,1231,1256]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Necrosyrtes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FA8856F9FEF7FB07" box="[1304,1437,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Necrosyrtes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the convexity between the supracondylaris dorsalis and epicondylus dorsalis being relatively flattened (forms prominent peak); from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FE0C5721FA82FADF" box="[412,488,1303,1328]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Torgos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FE0C5721FA82FADF" box="[412,488,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Torgos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FDB05721F9EDFADE" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1809" box="[544,647,1303,1329]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Aegypius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FDB05721F9EDFADE" box="[544,647,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Aegypius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the flange of trochlea metatarsi II being extremely short (short but notably projecting medioplantarly from the trochlea); from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FCA4570DF8EAFABB" box="[820,896,1339,1364]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Torgos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FCA4570DF8EAFABB" box="[820,896,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Torgos</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FC28570DFF28FABB" box="[952,1090,1339,1364]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Trigonoceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FC28570DFF28FABB" box="[952,1090,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Trigonoceps</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the crista medianoplantaris ending adjacent to the foramina vascularia proximalia (ending proximal to the foramina), and the foramen vasculare distale being set close to the incisura intertrochlearis lateralis (positioned well proximal to the incisura); from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FF075791FA4BFA2F" box="[151,289,1447,1472]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Trigonoceps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FF075791FA4BFA2F" box="[151,289,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Trigonoceps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FECC5791FABAFA2E" authorityName="Lesson" authorityYear="1842" box="[348,464,1447,1473]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Sarcogyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FECC5791FABAFA2E" box="[348,464,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sarcogyps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
by the position of the tuberositas m. tibialis cranialis being adjacent to the foramina proximalia (one tuberositas length distal) and the impressio ligamentum collateralis lateralis distinctly projecting dorsally (flat); from
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<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FEEC57D9F96BF9E7" authorityName="Gloger" authorityYear="1841" box="[380,513,1519,1544]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Necrosyrtes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FEEC57D9F96BF9E7" box="[380,513,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Necrosyrtes</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FDA757D9F91BF9E6" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1809" box="[567,625,1519,1545]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Gyps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FDA757D9F91BF9E6" box="[567,625,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Gyps</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the length of trochlea metatarsi III being roughly equal with trochlea metatarsi II (trochlea metatarsi III longer than trochlea metatarsi II); from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="939D4D6FFFD3B049FC415425FF52F9C2" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1809" box="[977,1080,1555,1581]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Aegypius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="66E9EAFEFFD3B049FC415425FF52F9C2" box="[977,1080,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Aegypius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the broad and shallow notch distally between the condyles (deep and narrow).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
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</document> |