treatments-xml/data/DC/61/87/DC6187FB63728A7AFF33FF1D201FC8B2.xml

<document id="A616B396B9D5F69D22D46F26D44A2FA0" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.71.1.3" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5066315" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625290896322" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Rai, Ishwari Datt &amp; Adhikari, Bhupendra Singh" docDate="2012" docId="DC6187FB63728A7AFF33FF1D201FC8B2" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.71.10-16.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 71 (1)" docSource="http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.71.1.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104.3:Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Rhododendron rawatii I. D. Rai &amp; B. S. Adhikari 2012, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="2058FF8363708A7FFFA4FFFE252BCA44" masterDocTitle="Rhododendron rawatii (Ericaceae), a new species from the Western Himalaya, India" masterLastPageNumber="16" masterPageNumber="10" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698987389343" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="06D3A4FB5C4178AC81282E2DBB177F63">Rhododendron rawatii (Ericaceae), a new species from the Western Himalaya, India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="96A2370FCB0A9545D868C0FEDF692AFC">Rai, Ishwari Datt</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6BA3584C4942E1910383AC335880135A">Department of Habitat Ecology, Wildlife Institute of India, P. O. Box # 18, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001, India * Corresponding author, email: adhikaribs @ wii. gov. in</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EC59A8C5D0097CECA1CDC949F589C514">Adhikari, Bhupendra Singh</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2A5CEE6104B89839ACF2C454C84DB1A2">Department of Habitat Ecology, Wildlife Institute of India, P. O. Box # 18, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001, India * Corresponding author, email: adhikaribs @ wii. gov. in</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="75A1D31FECCC8121522CE09EEAA9528B">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFF33FF1D2600CB44" ID-CoL="4SGQ3" authority="I. D. Rai &amp; B. S. Adhikari" authorityName="I. D. Rai &amp; B. S. Adhikari" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,811,227,256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rawatii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFF33FF1D24EBCABB" bold="true" box="[151,448,227,255]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Rhododendron rawatii</emphasis>
I. D. Rai &amp; B. S. Adhikari
</taxonomicName>
, 
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7D8F578463728A7DFC9EFF1D26B6CABB" box="[826,925,227,255]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
<figureCitation id="CCF32A6863728A7DFC0AFF1D2122CB44" box="[942,1033,227,256]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,265,1849,1875]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-97@3.[151,1436,194,1828]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Rhododendron rawatii I. D. Rai &amp; B. S. Adhikari sp. nov. A. &amp; B. Habit and habitat (flowering and vegetative stage). C.Leaf abaxial and adaxial surface. D. &amp; E. Bark. F. Inflorescence. G. Flower. H. Stamen, calyx and bract. I. Basal part of the flower with calyx. J. Ovary, calyx and bracteoles. K. Flower bud. L. Leaf bud. M. &amp; N. Mature and dehisced capsule. O. Seeds. (Photographs by IDR from type locality)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5066319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5066319/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="CCF32A6863728A7DFB90FF1D216ECB44" box="[1076,1093,227,256]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,244,1892,1913]" captionTargetBox="[199,1396,203,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-62@4.[191,1396,191,1870]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhododendron rawatii I. D. Rai &amp; B. S. Adhikari sp. nov. A. Flowering branch. B. Leaf: adaxial (left) and abaxial (right) surface. C. Flower with bracteoles. D. Androecium and gynoecium. E. Bract. F. Intact and dehisced capsules. G. Seeds (Illustration by IDR from type locality)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5066323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5066323/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">2</figureCitation>
)
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<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFF33FECE24A7CB03" ID-CoL="4SGQ3" authorityName="I. D. Rai &amp; B. S. Adhikari" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,396,304,327]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rawatii">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFF33FECE24A7CB03" box="[151,396,304,327]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Rhododendron rawatii</emphasis>
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resembles 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFDA8FECE260ACB03" ID-CoL="4SFWV" authority="Hooker (1851" authorityName="Hooker" authorityYear="1851" box="[524,801,304,327]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulgens">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFDA8FECE2751CB03" box="[524,634,304,327]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">R. fulgens</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="30594B1C63728A7DFD20FECE260ACB03" author="Hooker, J. D." box="[644,801,304,327]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" pagination="21 - 30" refId="ref3506" refString="Hooker, J. D. (1851) The Rhododendrons of Sikkim-Himalaya 3. Reeve, Benham &amp; Reeve, London, t. 21 - 30." type="book chapter" year="1851">Hooker (1851</bibRefCitation>
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: t. 25) in habit and having peeling bark, glabrous young shoots and shining mature leaves but differs in the abaxial surface of leaves with fascicled cottony hairs in between the lateral veins, a bright pink, not shiny corolla and a large globose calyx with hairy margins.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFF33FE5125E4CB83" bold="true" box="[151,207,431,455]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Type</emphasis>
:— 
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<collectingCountry id="2CDF767D63728A7DFF4BFE4E246BCB83" box="[239,320,432,455]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">INDIA</collectingCountry>
. 
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: 
<collectingMunicipality id="B413AC9763728A7DFE4AFE4E266ACB83" box="[494,833,432,455]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary</collectingMunicipality>
, 
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, along timberline ecotone, 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFDD9FE2E27AACBA3" box="[637,641,464,487]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">.</emphasis>
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11451
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(
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!)
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="547736ED63728A7DFF33FDE8205BCE30" blockId="2.[151,1436,534,1991]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">
Shrub to small tree up to 
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tall; bark thin, papery, peeling, reddish–white. Leaves mostly clustering at the ends of branches; petiole glabrous, 
<quantity id="93309B0863728A7DFDE1FDC327EDC813" box="[581,710,573,599]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="15.0">15–25 mm</quantity>
long; lamina infolded towards abaxial side from margins at maturity, becoming more convex towards adaxial surface, 122–196 × 
<quantity id="93309B0863728A7DFC6BFD9A217AC83A" box="[975,1105,612,638]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="7.9" metricValueMin="4.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="62.5" valueMax="79.0" valueMin="46.0">46–79 mm</quantity>
, leathery, elliptic to ellipticoblong, base rounded to cordate, apex mucronate, margin entire; adaxial surface green and shiny, abaxial surface with sparsely distributed fascicled white to brown cottony hairs in between lateral veins, becoming more or less glabrous at maturity (1 year); veins conspicuous, lateral veins in 30–44 pairs. Inflorescence terminal, rachis 
<quantity id="93309B0863728A7DFEFEFD0024F0C95C" box="[346,475,766,792]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="13.0">13–20 mm</quantity>
long, flowers 13–16, loosely arranged; pedicel glabrous, 
<quantity id="93309B0863728A7DFB30FD00202DC95C" box="[1172,1286,766,792]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="6.0">6–13 mm</quantity>
long; bracts elliptical, convex adaxial surface, apex cuspidate; bracteoles 2, hairy; sepals 5, 2.1–5.6 × 
<quantity id="93309B0863728A7DFB5BFCDB20BCC97B" box="[1279,1431,805,831]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="3.65" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="2.7">2.7–4.6 mm</quantity>
, membranous, globose, pink, margins ciliate with weak hairs; petals 5, tube open-campanulate, 37–49 × 
<quantity id="93309B0863728A7DFAF7FCB225EEC9C8" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="53.0" valueMax="59.0" valueMin="47.0">47–59 mm</quantity>
(tube length × width at throat), bright pink, not shiny, glabrous, notched, margins entire, with dark pink to brown spots in the corolla tube, well-marked nectar pouches at base of each petal; stamens 10, unequal, 9–19 to 
<quantity id="93309B0863728A7DFF10FC3E2419C99E" box="[180,306,960,986]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="26.5" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="21.0">21–32 mm</quantity>
long (smallest and longest), filaments pubescent at base, white; ovary cylindric, glabrous, green, 
<quantity id="93309B0863728A7DFF33FC1825D2CE44" box="[151,249,998,1024]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
long at the time of flowering; style glabrous, 
<quantity id="93309B0863728A7DFCBFFC1826B1CE44" box="[795,922,998,1024]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="26.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="24.0">24–28 mm</quantity>
long, slightly shorter than the corolla tube, persistent; stigma capitate, green, 5-lobed. Capsule 17–28 × 
<quantity id="93309B0863728A7DFCCBFBF326FECE63" box="[879,981,1037,1063]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
, slightly curved at maturity, glabrous, dehiscing from the tip of capsule, placenta remaining attached to central axis after dehiscence; seeds numerous and minute, 1.5–2.5 × 
<quantity id="93309B0863728A7DFDBFFBA42781CE30" box="[539,682,1114,1140]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.5 mm</quantity>
, tailed, tail up to 
<quantity id="93309B0863728A7DFCD1FBA426CBCE30" box="[885,992,1114,1140]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
, compressed and brown in colour.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1CD2656663728A7DFF62FB7E2063CD83" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="547736ED63728A7DFF62FB7E2716CE86" blockId="2.[151,1436,534,1991]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFF62FB7E247CCEDE" bold="true" box="[198,343,1152,1178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The epithet 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFDADFB7F2775CEDE" authorityName="I. D. Rai &amp; B. S. Adhikari" authorityYear="2012" box="[521,606,1153,1178]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rawatii">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFDADFB7F2775CEDE" box="[521,606,1153,1178]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">rawatii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
acknowledges Prof. Gopal Singh Rawat, one of the leading phytotaxonomists and ecologists of 
<collectingCountry id="2CDF767D63728A7DFE5EFB562711CE86" box="[506,570,1192,1218]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="547736ED63728A7DFF62FB30244CCF4B" blockId="2.[151,1436,534,1991]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFF62FB302479CEAC" bold="true" box="[198,338,1230,1256]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Phenology:</emphasis>
—The flowering period lasts from March to mid-May and capsule dehiscence starts from October onwards.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="547736ED63728A7DFF62FAE526E2CFB3" blockId="2.[151,1436,534,1991]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFF62FAE52441CF71" bold="true" box="[198,362,1307,1333]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Comparison:</emphasis>
—The new species resembles 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFD78FAE2267DCF71" authorityName="Hooker" authorityYear="1851" box="[732,854,1308,1333]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulgens">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFD78FAE2267DCF71" box="[732,854,1308,1333]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">R. fulgens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and shares several common characters, such as habit (a small tree to shrub), peeling bark, glabrous young shoots and shining leaves at maturity. The new species differs in many characters as follows: light green abaxial surface of leaf with fascicled cottony hairs in between lateral veins in 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFE1AFA6E271DCFED" authorityName="I. D. Rai &amp; B. S. Adhikari" authorityYear="2012" box="[446,566,1424,1449]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rawatii">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFE1AFA6E271DCFED" box="[446,566,1424,1449]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">R. rawatii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas in 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFD75FA6E2662CFED" authorityName="Hooker" authorityYear="1851" box="[721,841,1424,1449]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulgens">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFD75FA6E2662CFED" box="[721,841,1424,1449]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">R. fulgens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the indumentum wholly obliterates the venation. Flowers are dark pink having a globose calyx with hairy margins in 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFC6CFA492114CF94" authorityName="I. D. Rai &amp; B. S. Adhikari" authorityYear="2012" box="[968,1087,1463,1488]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rawatii">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFC6CFA492114CF94" box="[968,1087,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">R. rawatii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas in 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFB73FA492065CF94" authorityName="Hooker" authorityYear="1851" box="[1239,1358,1463,1488]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fulgens">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFB73FA492065CF94" box="[1239,1358,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">R. fulgens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
petals are bright blood-red, highly polished and shining, the calyx is minute.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="547736ED63728A7DFF62F9FD2063CD83" blockId="2.[151,1436,534,1991]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFF62F9FD27AACC59" bold="true" box="[198,641,1539,1565]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">
Study area, forest 
<typeStatus id="8B73884F63728A7DFE0DF9FD24F4CC59" box="[425,479,1539,1565]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
and climate:
</emphasis>
—The study area is located in the state of 
<collectingRegion id="960CF80F63728A7DFBCAF9FA21D5CC5A" box="[1134,1278,1540,1566]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
of the Indian Republic (
<figureCitation id="CCF32A6863728A7DFEB6F9D42471CC00" box="[274,346,1578,1604]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,244,1391,1412]" captionTargetBox="[314,1271,816,1368]" captionTargetId="figure-412@5.[313,1273,815,1369]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Map of India (left lower side) and Uttarakhand state (representing locations of the habitat of R. rawatii recorded (left star type locality at Tungnath in Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary, Rudraprayag (R) district and right star enroute Chhipla–Kedar in Pithoragarh (P) district)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5066325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5066325/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). The species is mainly recorded in the subalpine–timberline ecotone region. The subalpine forests are dominated by 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFE65F9AF2624CC2F" authority="Sm." authorityName="Sm." box="[449,783,1617,1643]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="semecarpifolia">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFE65F9AF27F2CC2E" box="[449,729,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Quercus semecarpifolia</emphasis>
Sm.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFCBAF9AF2125CC2F" authority="D. Don" authorityName="D. Don" box="[798,1038,1617,1643]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="utilis">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFCBAF9AF2686CC2E" box="[798,941,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Betula utilis</emphasis>
D. Don
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFBBEF9AF20B7CC2F" authority="(D. Don) Mirb." authorityName="Mirb." baseAuthorityName="D. Don" box="[1050,1436,1617,1643]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFBBEF9AF21CBCC2E" box="[1050,1248,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Abies spectabilis</emphasis>
(D. Don) Mirb.
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFF6DF98624C4CCD5" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1805" box="[201,495,1656,1681]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arboreum">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFF6DF98624C4CCD5" box="[201,495,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Rhododendron arboreum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFD90F986279DCCD5" box="[564,694,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">krummholz</emphasis>
dominated by 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFCC2F98620B3CCD6" authority="Don (1821: 410)" authorityName="Don" authorityPageNumber="410" authorityYear="1821" box="[870,1432,1656,1682]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campanulatum">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFCC2F98621E2CCD5" box="[870,1225,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">Rhododendron campanulatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="30594B1C63728A7DFB74F98620B3CCD6" author="Don, D." box="[1232,1432,1656,1682]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" pagination="407 - 415" refId="ref3268" refString="Don, D. (1821) Descriptions of the several new plants from the Kingdom of Nepaul, taken from specimens preserved in the herbarium of Aylmer Bourke Lambert, Esq, Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society 3: 407 - 415." type="journal article" year="1821">Don (1821: 410)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Six species of 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFEE6F96124DECCFC" box="[322,501,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFEE6F96124D9CCFC" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[322,498,1695,1720]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Rhododendron</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
viz. 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFD95F96127EFCCFC" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1805" box="[561,708,1695,1720]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arboreum">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFD95F96127EFCCFC" box="[561,708,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">R. arboreum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFD77F9612192CCFC" authority="Wallich ex Don (1834: 844)" authorityName="Don" authorityPageNumber="844" authorityYear="1834" box="[723,1209,1694,1720]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbatum">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFD77F961264DCCFC" box="[723,870,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">R. barbatum</emphasis>
Wallich ex 
<bibRefCitation id="30594B1C63728A7DFC56F9602192CCFC" author="Don, G." box="[1010,1209,1694,1720]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" refId="ref3314" refString="Don, G. (1834) A General History of the Dichlamydeous Plants 3. J. G. &amp; F. Rivington, London, 867 pp." type="book" year="1834">Don (1834: 844)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFB61F96120BECCFC" authorityName="Don" authorityYear="1821" box="[1221,1429,1695,1720]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campanulatum">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFB61F96120BECCFC" box="[1221,1429,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">R. campanulatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFF33F93B2739CC9B" authority="Don (1821: 409)" authorityName="Don" authorityPageNumber="409" authorityYear="1821" box="[151,530,1733,1759]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anthopogon">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFF33F93B246FCC9A" box="[151,324,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">R. anthopogon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="30594B1C63728A7DFEE8F93B2739CC9B" author="Don, D." box="[332,530,1733,1759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" pagination="407 - 415" refId="ref3268" refString="Don, D. (1821) Descriptions of the several new plants from the Kingdom of Nepaul, taken from specimens preserved in the herbarium of Aylmer Bourke Lambert, Esq, Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society 3: 407 - 415." type="journal article" year="1821">Don (1821: 409)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFDBBF93B212CCC9B" authority="Wallich ex Don (1834: 845)" authorityName="Don" authorityPageNumber="845" authorityYear="1834" box="[543,1031,1733,1759]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lepidotum">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFDBBF93B279ECC9A" box="[543,693,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">R. lepidotum</emphasis>
Wallich ex 
<bibRefCitation id="30594B1C63728A7DFCE7F93B212CCC9B" author="Don, G." box="[835,1031,1733,1759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" refId="ref3314" refString="Don, G. (1834) A General History of the Dichlamydeous Plants 3. J. G. &amp; F. Rivington, London, 867 pp." type="book" year="1834">Don (1834: 845)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63728A7DFBE6F93B20AFCC9B" authority="Hooker (1851: 26" authorityName="Hooker" authorityYear="1851" box="[1090,1412,1733,1759]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nivale">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFBE6F93B2181CC9A" box="[1090,1194,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">R. nivale</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="30594B1C63728A7DFB16F93B20AFCC9B" author="Hooker, J. D." box="[1202,1412,1733,1759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" pagination="21 - 30" refId="ref3506" refString="Hooker, J. D. (1851) The Rhododendrons of Sikkim-Himalaya 3. Reeve, Benham &amp; Reeve, London, t. 21 - 30." type="book chapter" year="1851">Hooker (1851: 26</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
b) have been reported from the Western Himalaya. The climatic data were recorded for 3 years during 2008–2010 at Tungnath area (
<quantity id="93309B0863728A7DFE50F8EC2765CD68" box="[500,590,1810,1836]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
a.s.l.) in Kedarnath WS (
<typeStatus id="8B73884F63728A7DFCD2F8EC2681CD68" box="[886,938,1810,1836]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
locality), and the climate of the region has three prominent seasons: long winter (October to April), short dry summer (May to June) and rainy season (July to September). The mean annual temperature ranged between -8.9°C (January) and +25.6°C (May) with an annual average of 6.6±0.7°C. The annual precipitation was 2410± 
<quantity id="93309B0863728A7DFC7DF878216BCDE4" box="[985,1088,1926,1952]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.32" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="432.0">432 mm</quantity>
, of which 89% was received during June–September. The area remains snow-bound for 85±28 days per year (
<bibRefCitation id="30594B1C63728A7DFBEDF8532010CD83" author="Adhikari, B. S. &amp; Rawat, G. S. &amp; Rai, I. D. &amp; Bhattacharyya, S. &amp; Bharati, R. R." box="[1097,1339,1965,1991]" pageId="2" pageNumber="12" refId="ref3022" refString="Adhikari, B. S., Rawat, G. S., Rai, I. D., Bhattacharyya, S. &amp; Bharati, R. R. (2011) Ecological assessment of timberline ecotone in Western Himalaya with special reference to climate change and anthropogenic pressures. IV Annual report. Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 29 pp." type="book" year="2011">
Adhikari 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63728A7DFB1FF85321DECD82" box="[1211,1269,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="12">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="00B7666563738A7CFF33F8C7270ECDFC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5066319" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5066319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5066319/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" startId="3.[151,265,1849,1875]" targetBox="[151,1436,194,1828]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="547736ED63738A7CFF33F8C7270ECDFC" blockId="3.[151,1437,1849,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63738A7CFF33F8C7240CCD17" bold="true" box="[151,295,1849,1875]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63738A7CFE8AF8C32621CD16" authority="I. D. Rai &amp; B. S. Adhikari" authorityName="I. D. Rai &amp; B. S. Adhikari" authorityYear="2012" box="[302,778,1853,1874]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rawatii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63738A7CFE8AF8C32723CD16" box="[302,520,1853,1874]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">Rhododendron rawatii</emphasis>
I. D. Rai &amp; B. S. Adhikari
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63738A7CFCB4F8C32670CD16" box="[784,859,1853,1874]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7D8F578463738A7CFCB4F8C32670CD16" box="[784,859,1853,1874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63738A7CFCC5F8C32685CD16" bold="true" box="[865,942,1853,1874]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">A. &amp; B.</emphasis>
Habit and habitat (flowering and vegetative stage). 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63738A7CFF33F89E2585CD31" bold="true" box="[151,174,1888,1909]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">C.</emphasis>
Leaf abaxial and adaxial surface. 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63738A7CFE54F89E2716CD31" bold="true" box="[496,573,1888,1909]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">D. &amp; E.</emphasis>
Bark. 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63738A7CFDD9F89E27B9CD31" bold="true" box="[637,658,1888,1909]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">F.</emphasis>
Inflorescence. 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63738A7CFC81F89E2615CD31" bold="true" box="[805,830,1888,1909]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">G.</emphasis>
Flower. 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63738A7CFC30F89E2686CD31" bold="true" box="[916,941,1888,1909]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">H.</emphasis>
Stamen, calyx and bract. 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63738A7CFB00F89E219FCD31" bold="true" box="[1188,1204,1888,1909]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">I.</emphasis>
Basal part of the flower with calyx. 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63738A7CFEB7F87F240DCDD2" bold="true" box="[275,294,1921,1942]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">J.</emphasis>
Ovary, calyx and bracteoles. 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63738A7CFDC7F87F2756CDD2" bold="true" box="[611,637,1921,1942]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">K.</emphasis>
Flower bud. 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63738A7CFCAFF87F2609CDD2" bold="true" box="[779,802,1921,1942]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">L.</emphasis>
Leaf bud. 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63738A7CFC32F87F26DACDD2" bold="true" box="[918,1009,1921,1942]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">M. &amp; N.</emphasis>
Mature and dehisced capsule. 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63738A7CFA93F87F207ACDD2" bold="true" box="[1335,1361,1921,1942]" pageId="3" pageNumber="13">O.</emphasis>
Seeds. (Photographs by IDR from type locality).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="00B7666563748A7BFF33F89A24AACDF0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5066323" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5066323" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5066323/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="14" startId="4.[151,244,1892,1913]" targetBox="[199,1396,203,1858]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="547736ED63748A7BFF33F89A24AACDF0" blockId="4.[151,1436,1892,1972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63748A7BFF33F89A2427CD3D" bold="true" box="[151,268,1892,1913]" pageId="4" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="93C84D6E63748A7BFEB6F89A27C7CD3D" authority="I. D. Rai &amp; B. S. Adhikari" authorityName="I. D. Rai &amp; B. S. Adhikari" authorityYear="2012" box="[274,748,1892,1913]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Rhododendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="4" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rawatii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63748A7BFEB6F89A24C0CD3D" box="[274,491,1892,1913]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="14">Rhododendron rawatii</emphasis>
I. D. Rai &amp; B. S. Adhikari
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63748A7BFD57F89A2615CD3D" box="[755,830,1892,1913]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7D8F578463748A7BFD57F89A2615CD3D" box="[755,830,1892,1913]" pageId="4" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63748A7BFCE7F89A2671CD3D" bold="true" box="[835,858,1892,1913]" pageId="4" pageNumber="14">A.</emphasis>
Flowering branch. 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63748A7BFBB1F89A2107CD3D" bold="true" box="[1045,1068,1892,1913]" pageId="4" pageNumber="14">B.</emphasis>
Leaf: adaxial (left) and abaxial (right) surface. 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63748A7BFF43F87F25D4CDD2" bold="true" box="[231,255,1921,1942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="14">C.</emphasis>
Flower with bracteoles. 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63748A7BFE4EF87F2729CDD2" bold="true" box="[490,514,1921,1942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="14">D.</emphasis>
Androecium and gynoecium. 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63748A7BFC87F87F2612CDD2" bold="true" box="[803,825,1921,1942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="14">E.</emphasis>
Bract. 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63748A7BFCD9F87F26B9CDD2" bold="true" box="[893,914,1921,1942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="14">F.</emphasis>
Intact and dehisced capsules. 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63748A7BFB16F87F21E1CDD2" bold="true" box="[1202,1226,1921,1942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="14">G.</emphasis>
Seeds (Illustration by IDR from type locality).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="1CD2656663758A7AFF62FF69201FC8B2" pageId="5" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="547736ED63758A7AFF62FF6926FDCB37" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,758]" pageId="5" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63758A7AFF62FF692727CAF5" bold="true" box="[198,524,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="15">Distribution and Habitat:</emphasis>
—The new species is described from the 
<typeStatus id="8B73884F63758A7AFBA0FF66211DCAF6" box="[1028,1078,152,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="15">type</typeStatus>
locality inside the Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary along the timberline zone. Another population is recorded enroute to Chhipla-Kedar from Chhirkila (
<geoCoordinate id="31FC502A63758A7AFEBAFF1B2499CABB" box="[286,434,229,255]" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="15" precision="15" seconds="26" value="29.957224">29°57'26&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="31FC502A63758A7AFE65FF1B277BCABB" box="[449,592,229,255]" degrees="80" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="15" precision="15" seconds="55" value="80.515274">80°30'55&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="93309B0863758A7AFDFBFF1B2795CABB" box="[607,702,229,255]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.12" pageId="5" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="3120.0">3120 m</quantity>
) in Pithoragarh district, 
<collectingRegion id="960CF80F63758A7AFC56FF1B21A1CABB" box="[1010,1162,229,255]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="5" pageNumber="15">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
(ca. 150 individuals). Individuals were found to grow at the edge of open canopy forest in northwest aspects between 3100 and 
<quantity id="93309B0863758A7AFAC5FEF22599CB08" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.375" pageId="5" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="3375.0">3375 m</quantity>
. The daily mean air temperature remains below 0°C for more than 3 months, and the soil remains under snow for about 3–4 months in a year and acidic in nature (pH 4.3–5.0).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="547736ED63758A7AFF62FE81201FC8B2" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,758]" pageId="5" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63758A7AFF62FE81267DCBDD" bold="true" box="[198,854,383,409]" pageId="5" pageNumber="15">Phytogeography, endemism and conservation status:</emphasis>
—The species has so far been recorded from only two localities in the Western Himalaya. A regenerating population of about 11 individuals was located in Tungnath area of Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary and 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63758A7AFCABFE332619CBA2" box="[783,818,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="15">ca.</emphasis>
150 individuals were found in Pithoragarh district. The distribution of species is very narrow, and plants were found near and above 
<quantity id="93309B0863758A7AFBFEFE0A2198C84A" box="[1114,1203,500,526]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="3100.0">3100 m</quantity>
elevation along the subalpine–timberline zone. According to IUCN criteria, the species falls under the Endangered (EN) category (
<bibRefCitation id="30594B1C63758A7AFF3BFDBF2404C81F" author="IUCN" box="[159,303,577,603]" pageId="5" pageNumber="15" refId="ref3567" refString="IUCN (2011) Guidelines for Using the IUCN RedList Categories and Criteria. Version 9.0. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee of the IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. Available at http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed 02 June 2012)." type="book" year="2011">IUCN 2011</bibRefCitation>
, section 2.3) having very small (&lt;250 individuals) and restricted populations. On the basis of total number of individuals (
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63758A7AFDA7FD962703C8C5" box="[515,552,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="15">ca.</emphasis>
161 individuals) found in 2 populations, the status of species may be considered for immediate conservation measures and the habitat as critical, as the area is under high anthropogenic pressure. The geographical range is extremely narrow and the population is fragmented, therefore, the species requires immediate 
<emphasis id="66BCEAFF63758A7AFDDBFD2227E1C8B1" box="[639,714,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="15">in-situ</emphasis>
conservation and habitat management interventions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>