789 lines
88 KiB
XML
789 lines
88 KiB
XML
<document id="D1E431136ECCDA5DED3279819CE9AEBF" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.282518" ID-GBIF-Dataset="855aa207-ac93-4958-a0a5-3f19f5a92cdb" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="282518" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460541922136" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Francisco, Bárbara Cristina S., Pinto, Roberta R. & Fernandes, Daniel S." docDate="2012" docId="03D70A20FFD8FFE8FF66F91F79F32570" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03512p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3512" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Epictia munoai Orejas-Miranda 1961" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="FFEE7258FFD9FFEFFFF1FF9C7D77207C" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of Epictia munoai (Orejas-Miranda, 1961) (Squamata: Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae)" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="42" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1698317138801" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="51D505E7512D062FD3354EB7EBCD7EF3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F404E25E004FFC51D5395A04CF26C0C7">
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<mods:title id="F396A9974F55D41BB20DEEDAD4663823">Taxonomy of Epictia munoai (Orejas-Miranda, 1961) (Squamata: Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="C12CAC2B2B88E2C941EACC985FC15EB5" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="FDF51F6CA3E8E8C0FE26A6AD90C554D7">
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<mods:roleTerm id="027D1D4B91AC938312FD445E114C588F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4F4599EA7E60C4BAE13E24624C23972A">Francisco, Bárbara Cristina S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="60522165C25F0AA68246F23FD30B8C68">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7DE9110B774C217BAA8BFE65A571F777">Pinto, Roberta R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="7B861300D54E0704E4A48D3B73CB7BBF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BD840BDF9C15DF6F176EFFCD12C91BD6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F700DFC1F055442D1E4DCF1D370210A2">Fernandes, Daniel S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="359FF5E6C05F37D30448A7A09C9DB278">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="AE694DA5C9DEE219B901AE158E1A012F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="759801AE6E6BC1BDF4A4B69C4F92ACF7">
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<mods:date id="AD01D3F370682B1B9BF49E4674994C71">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="EC65F9BFB6C31703719B6FAF16B8417B" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="96B87570095D1DA4713E0794EE199855">3512</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="58943250914910F14AB5CD115D03A8BF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AB74E7C7BF12E45FFA77698CC3E05E78" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.282518</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D70A20FFD8FFE8FF66F91F79F32570" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6171488" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119528259" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6171488" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D70A20FFD8FFE8FF66F91F79F32570" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D70A20FFD8FFE8FF66F91F79F32570" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
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<subSubSection id="C364E8BDFFD8FFEEFF66F91F7F1B26E0" box="[151,620,1667,1692]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFD8FFEEFF66F91F7F1B26E0" blockId="1.[151,620,1667,1692]" box="[151,620,1667,1692]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
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<heading id="D0890C5AFFD8FFEEFF66F91F7F1B26E0" bold="true" box="[151,620,1667,1692]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFD8FFEEFF66F91F7F1B26E0" authority="Orejas-Miranda, 1961" authorityName="Orejas-Miranda" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,620,1667,1692]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFD8FFEEFF66F91F7F1B26E0" bold="true" box="[151,620,1667,1692]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
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||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFD8FFEEFF66F91F7C3E26E0" bold="true" box="[151,329,1667,1692]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Epictia munoai</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFD8FFEEFEA6F91F7F1326E0" author="Orejas-Miranda" box="[343,612,1667,1692]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Orejas-Miranda, B. R. (1961) Una nueve especie de ofidio de la familia Leptotyphlopidae. Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 3, 83 - 97." type="journal article" year="1961">Orejas-Miranda, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C364E8BDFFD8FFEEFF66F95B79F22687" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFD8FFEEFF66F95B797C26A0" blockId="1.[151,1157,1734,1787]" box="[151,1035,1734,1757]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFD8FFEEFF66F95B7F2C26A0" authority="Orejas-Miranda 1961" authorityName="Orejas-Miranda" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,603,1734,1757]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFD8FFEEFF66F95B7C0F26A1" box="[151,376,1735,1757]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Leptotyphlops munoai</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFD8FFEEFE8EF95A7F2C26A0" author="Orejas-Miranda" box="[383,603,1734,1756]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" refString="Orejas-Miranda, B. R. (1961) Una nueve especie de ofidio de la familia Leptotyphlopidae. Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 3, 83 - 97." type="journal article" year="1961">Orejas-Miranda 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Act. Biol. Venezuelica, Caracas, 3: 83–97
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFD8FFEEFF66F97A79F22687" blockId="1.[151,1157,1734,1787]" box="[151,1157,1765,1787]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFD8FFEEFF66F97A7C452687" box="[151,306,1766,1787]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFD8FFEEFF66F97A7C452687" box="[151,306,1766,1787]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Epictia munoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—Hedges, Adalsteinsson and Branch
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFD8FFEEFD42F97A7FB02687" box="[691,711,1766,1787]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">in</emphasis>
|
||
Adalsteisson
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFD8FFEEFCA5F97A7EF72687" box="[852,896,1765,1787]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009, Zootaxa, 2244:11.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C364E8BDFFD8FFEDFF66F8BF7C302320" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFD8FFEEFF66F8BF7F9D2722" blockId="1.[151,1436,1826,2031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B90A6724FFD8FFEEFF66F8BF7C7C2747" bold="true" box="[151,267,1827,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C50594FFD8FFEEFF66F8BF7C712747" box="[151,262,1827,1851]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFD8FFEEFEE3F8BE7C0E2746" box="[274,377,1826,1850]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7nxg-etxt" name="Museo de Biologia de la Universidad Central de Venezuela" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">MBUCV</collectionCode>
|
||
4547, Pozo Hondo, Tambores (
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4ADDF1FFD8FFEEFD2CF8BE7E4E2746" box="[733,825,1826,1850]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" precision="925" value="-31.95">31º57’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4ADDF1FFD8FFEEFCB4F8BE7ECD2746" box="[837,954,1826,1850]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" precision="925" value="-56.25">056º15’W</geoCoordinate>
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), Tacuarembó Department,
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<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFD8FFEEFB03F8BF78222747" box="[1266,1365,1827,1851]" name="Uruguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
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||
, M.A. Klappenback and P.R. San Martin,
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||
<date id="FFC09DF6FFD8FFEEFDD1F8DA7FE82722" box="[544,671,1862,1886]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" value="1912-10">12 October</date>
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||
, 1956.
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFD8FFEDFF36F8F77C302320" blockId="1.[151,1436,1826,2031]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,2012]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B90A6724FFD8FFEEFF36F8F77C3127FF" bold="true" box="[199,326,1899,1923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">
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<typeStatus id="54C50594FFD8FFEEFF36F8F77C3627FF" box="[199,321,1899,1923]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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.
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFD8FFEEFEBDF8F67CC427FE" box="[332,435,1898,1922]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7nxg-etxt" name="Museo de Biologia de la Universidad Central de Venezuela" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">MBUCV</collectionCode>
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||
4548-49, 4551, Pozo Hondo, Tambores, Tacuarembó Departament,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFD8FFEEFB1AF8F7783927FF" box="[1259,1358,1899,1923]" name="Uruguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
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, M.A. Klappenback and P.R. San Martin,
|
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<date id="FFC09DF6FFD8FFEEFDA9F8127F9527DA" box="[600,738,1934,1958]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43" value="1912-10">12 October</date>
|
||
, 1956.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFD8FFEEFCCFF8137EEF27DA" box="[830,920,1935,1958]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">MHNM</collectionCode>
|
||
0 63 Pozo Hondo, Tambores, Tacuarembó Departament,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFD8FFEEFECAF82F7CE927B7" box="[315,414,1971,1995]" name="Uruguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
, M.A. Klappenback and P.R. San Martin, September, 1956.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFD8FFEEFB94F82F79C827B6" box="[1125,1215,1971,1994]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">MHNM</collectionCode>
|
||
0 68, Pozo Hondo, Tambores, Tacuarembó Departament,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFD8FFEEFDB0F84B7FD32793" box="[577,676,2007,2031]" name="Uruguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
, M.A. Klappenback and P.R. San Martin, September, 1956.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFD8FFEEFAB3F84B78EB2792" box="[1346,1436,2007,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="43">MHNM</collectionCode>
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<date id="FFC09DF6FFDBFFEDFF66FF0B7D8020D3" box="[151,247,151,175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" value="2771" valueMax="2796">2771-96</date>
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||
, Pozo Hondo, Tambores, Tacuarembó Departament,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDBFFEDFCA9FF047ECC20CC" box="[856,955,152,176]" name="Uruguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
, M.A. Klappenback and P.R. San Martin, September, 1956.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFE73FF207CAF20A8" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[386,472,188,212]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
91508 (
|
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<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFDA5FF207FC720A8" box="[596,688,188,212]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">MHNM</collectionCode>
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063H), Pozo Hondo, Tambores, Tacuarembó Departament,
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<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDBFFEDFF66FF7C7D8D2084" box="[151,250,224,248]" name="Uruguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
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, M.A. Klappenback and P.R. San Martin, September, 1956. CM 38970 (This specimen belongs to
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFAB3FF7C78EB208B" box="[1346,1436,224,247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">MHNM</collectionCode>
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0 63 sample; however, no additional information could be found [S.P. Rogers, pers. comm.]), Pozo Hondo, Tambores, Tacuarembó Departament,
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<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDBFFEDFDB4FEB47FDF213C" box="[581,680,296,320]" name="Uruguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
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, M.A. Klappenback and P.R. San Martin, September, 1956.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFAA0FEB478EB2143" box="[1361,1436,296,319]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">MNRJ</collectionCode>
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||
3306 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFF2CFED07C4E2118" box="[221,313,332,356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">MHNM</collectionCode>
|
||
068C; Fig. 02), Pozo Hondo, Tambores, Tacuarembó Department,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDBFFEDFBD8FED179FB2119" box="[1065,1164,333,357]" name="Uruguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
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||
, M.A. Klappenback and P. R. San Martin,
|
||
<date id="FFC09DF6FFDBFFEDFE65FEF37F5721FB" box="[404,544,367,391]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" value="1912-10">12 October</date>
|
||
, 1956.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFD7CFEEC7F9021FB" box="[653,743,368,391]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">MHNM</collectionCode>
|
||
0 71, Pozo Hondo, Tambores, Tacuarembó Department,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDBFFEDFF66FE097D8D21D1" box="[151,250,405,429]" name="Uruguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
, M.A. Klappenback and P.R. San Martin,
|
||
<date id="FFC09DF6FFDBFFEDFD23FE087E1821D0" box="[722,879,404,428]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" value="1922-09">22 September</date>
|
||
, 1957.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFC31FE09796D21D0" box="[960,1050,405,428]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">MHNM</collectionCode>
|
||
<date id="FFC09DF6FFDBFFEDFBD3FE0879F621D0" box="[1058,1153,404,428]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" value="2765" valueMax="2770">2765-70</date>
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||
, Pozo Hondo, Tambores, Tacuarembó Department,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDBFFEDFE32FE247F5121AC" box="[451,550,440,464]" name="Uruguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
, M.A. Klappenback and P.R. San Martin,
|
||
<date id="FFC09DF6FFDBFFEDFBE8FE2B79CD21B3" box="[1049,1210,439,463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" value="1922-09">22 September</date>
|
||
, 1957.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFAE5FE2B783D21B3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[1300,1354,439,463]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
93104 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFF6FFE407D8D2188" box="[158,250,476,500]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">MHNM</collectionCode>
|
||
0107G), Pozo Hondo, Tambores, Tacuarembó Departament,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDBFFEDFC48FE41796B2189" box="[953,1052,477,501]" name="Uruguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
, M.A. Klappenback and P.R. San Martin,
|
||
<date id="FFC09DF6FFDBFFEDFF05FE637C01226B" box="[244,374,511,535]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" value="1912-10">12 October</date>
|
||
, 1957.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFE3CFE637F69226B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[461,542,511,535]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
163506 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFD7FFE637F9D226B" box="[654,746,511,535]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">MHNM</collectionCode>
|
||
0107J), Pozo Hondo, Tambores, Tacuarembó Departament,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDBFFEDFF66FDB97D8D2241" box="[151,250,549,573]" name="Uruguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
, M.A. Klappenback and P.R. San Martin,
|
||
<date id="FFC09DF6FFDBFFEDFD22FDB87E252240" box="[723,850,548,572]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" value="1912-10">12 October</date>
|
||
, 1957.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFC55FDB97E892240" box="[932,1022,549,572]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">MHNM</collectionCode>
|
||
<date id="FFC09DF6FFDBFFEDFBF4FDB879F62240" box="[1029,1153,548,572]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" value="2797" valueMax="2809">2797-2809</date>
|
||
, Pozo Hondo, Tambores, Tacuarembó Department,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDBFFEDFE35FDD47F50221C" box="[452,551,584,608]" name="Uruguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
, M.A. Klappenback and P.R. San Martin,
|
||
<date id="FFC09DF6FFDBFFEDFBECFDDB79D62223" box="[1053,1185,583,607]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" value="1912-10">12 October</date>
|
||
, 1957.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFB07FDD478272223" box="[1270,1360,584,607]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">MHNM</collectionCode>
|
||
0 871, Arroyo Cuaró (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4ADDF1FFDBFFEDFEB3FDF07CD722F8" box="[322,416,620,644]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="-30.583334">30°35’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4ADDF1FFDBFFEDFE5DFDF07F5322F8" box="[428,548,620,644]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="-56.833332">056°50’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), Artigas Departament,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDBFFEDFCDFFDF17EE622F9" box="[814,913,621,645]" name="Uruguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
, A.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDBFFEDFC45FDF07EBD22F8" box="[948,970,620,644]" name="Italy" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Y</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Ximénez, February, 1960.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFB0DFDF1782122F8" box="[1276,1366,621,644]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">MHNM</collectionCode>
|
||
0 872, no specific locality, Montevideo Departament,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDBFFEDFD4BFD0C7E6B22D4" box="[698,796,656,680]" name="Uruguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
1891.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFC80FD0C7EBC22DB" box="[881,971,656,679]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">MHNM</collectionCode>
|
||
0 873, no specific locality, Cerro Largo Departament,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDBFFEDFEB3FD297CD222B1" box="[322,421,693,717]" name="Uruguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Lucas, 1925.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFD9DFD297FB122B0" box="[620,710,693,716]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">MHNM</collectionCode>
|
||
0 874, Sierra de la Aurora (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4ADDF1FFDBFFEDFBB3FD2879D622B0" box="[1090,1185,692,716]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="-31.05">31°03’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4ADDF1FFDBFFEDFB48FD28784622B0" box="[1209,1329,692,716]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="-55.716667">055°43’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), Rivera Departament,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDBFFEDFECBFD447CEB228C" box="[314,412,728,752]" name="Uruguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
P.R. San Martin,
|
||
<date id="FFC09DF6FFDBFFEDFD85FD4B7F9F2293" box="[628,744,727,751]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" value="1924-03">24 March</date>
|
||
, 1961.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFCCCFD4B7EE62293" box="[829,913,727,751]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pyng-6456" name="Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">MACN</collectionCode>
|
||
1048, San Isidro (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4ADDF1FFDBFFEDFB83FD4B79A62293" box="[1138,1233,727,751]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="-34.466667">34°28’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4ADDF1FFDBFFEDFB10FD4B782D2293" box="[1249,1370,727,751]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="-58.5">058°30’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), San Isidro Department, Buenos Aires Province,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDBFFEDFD50FD607E642368" box="[673,787,764,788]" name="Argentina" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
, J. Plinch, 1895.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6F23F3FFDBFFEDFC1CFD6079362368" box="[1005,1089,764,788]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pyng-6456" name="Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">MACN</collectionCode>
|
||
12487, Sierra de la Ventana (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4ADDF1FFDBFFEDFF51FC837D88234B" box="[160,255,799,823]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="-38.116665">38°07’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4ADDF1FFDBFFEDFEE3FC837CFC234B" box="[274,395,799,823]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="-61.966667">061°58’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), Torniquist Department, Buenos Aires Province,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDBFFEDFC18FC83792C234B" box="[1001,1115,799,823]" name="Argentina" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
, M. Biraben and I. Scott, February, 1948.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C364E8BDFFDBFFEDFF36FCFB7E872400" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFDBFFEDFF36FCFB7E872400" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDBFFEDFF36FCFB7C3623FC" bold="true" box="[199,321,871,896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) snout truncate or rounded in dorsal view, and rounded in ventral and lateral views; (2) two supralabials (1+1); (3) three infralabials; (4) supraocular scale present, not in contact with first supralabial; (5) rostral scale subtriangular or triangular in dorsal view; (6) ocular subpentagonal, with pointed apex; (7) eyes positioned on midanterior portion of ocular; (8) temporals not distinct; (9) occipitals extend to the level of second supralabial; (10) fused caudals absent; (11) middorsal scales
|
||
<quantity id="4C8616D3FFDBFFEDFEAAFB807CA02448" box="[347,471,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1943" metricValueMax="5.715" metricValueMin="4.6736" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" unit="in" value="204.5" valueMax="225.0" valueMin="184.0">184-225 in</quantity>
|
||
males and
|
||
<quantity id="4C8616D3FFDBFFEDFDAAFB807FA02448" box="[603,727,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.435600000000001" metricValueMax="5.740399999999999" metricValueMin="5.130800000000001" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" unit="in" value="214.0" valueMax="226.0" valueMin="202.0">202-226 in</quantity>
|
||
females; (12) ventral scales
|
||
<quantity id="4C8616D3FFDBFFEDFBD0FB8079EA2448" box="[1057,1181,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0419" metricValueMax="5.5626" metricValueMin="4.5212" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" unit="in" value="198.5" valueMax="219.0" valueMin="178.0">178-219 in</quantity>
|
||
males and
|
||
<quantity id="4C8616D3FFDBFFEDFAD0FB8078EB2448" box="[1313,1436,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0165" metricValueMax="5.3594" metricValueMin="4.6736" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" unit="in" value="197.5" valueMax="211.0" valueMin="184.0">184-211 in</quantity>
|
||
females; (13) subcaudals
|
||
<quantity id="4C8616D3FFDBFFEDFE4BFBA37F6D242B" box="[442,538,1087,1111]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.921" metricValueMax="3.302" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" unit="in" value="11.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="10.0">10-13 in</quantity>
|
||
males and
|
||
<quantity id="4C8616D3FFDBFFEDFD6FFBA37F89242B" box="[670,766,1087,1111]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" metricValueMax="3.556" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" unit="in" value="12.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="10.0">10-14 in</quantity>
|
||
females; (14) 10 scales around the middle of the tail; (15) striped pattern RB with ground color whitish-cream; and venter light brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C364E8BDFFDBFFE8FF36FB1B7FFE2240" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFDBFFEDFF36FB1B782D249B" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDBFFEDFF36FB1B7FA924DC" bold="true" box="[199,734,1159,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">
|
||
Redescription of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C50594FFDBFFEDFE30FB147F5B24DC" box="[449,556,1160,1184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(MNRJ 3306).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Adult female,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8616D3FFDBFFEDFC78FB1B7E9024E3" box="[905,999,1159,1183]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.49" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="149.0">149 mm</quantity>
|
||
TL,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8616D3FFDBFFEDFBEEFB1B791624E3" box="[1055,1121,1159,1183]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
TAL;
|
||
<quantity id="4C8616D3FFDBFFEDFB5DFB1B787424E3" box="[1196,1283,1159,1183]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
MB;
|
||
<quantity id="4C8616D3FFDBFFEDFAB7FB1B78EB24E3" box="[1350,1436,1159,1183]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
MT; 19.6 TL/TAL; 43.6 TL/MB;
|
||
<quantity id="4C8616D3FFDBFFEDFDE2FB307F1D24B8" box="[531,618,1196,1220]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
HL,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8616D3FFDBFFEDFD54FB307F8B24B8" box="[677,764,1196,1220]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
HW; 2.2 relative eye diameter;
|
||
<quantity id="4C8616D3FFDBFFEDFB96FB3079C924B8" box="[1127,1214,1196,1220]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
rostral width; body cylindrical; snout short and truncate in dorsal and ventral views, rounded and slightly pointed in lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFDBFFEBFF36FB687C6E277E" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,2012]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,1410,2010]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="2" pageNumber="44">Head distinguishable from neck; superior border of lip composed by rostral, infranasal, first supralabial, ocular and second supralabial; rostral subtriangular, reaching the anterior edge of ocular scale and supranasals overpassing this level; rostral contacting supranasal and infranasal laterally, and frontal dorsally; two supralabials (1+1); first supralabial overpassing nostril level and inferior edge of the eyes; first supralabial slightly shorter than second supralabial, not contacting supraocular; second supralabial overpassing nostril and eyes levels, contacting parietal and not contacting occipital; three infralabials, two previous rectangular and subequal in size and shape, posterior scale trapezoidal in shape, almost twice wider than first infralabial, as wide as second supralabial; sinfisial divided, two and a half times wider than long; ocular subhexagonal in shape with a narrow base, rectangular apex as high as long; ocular in contact with first supralabial and supranasal anteriorly, second supralabial and parietal posteriorly, and supraocular dorsally; supraocular scale present and not contacting first supralabial, three times longer than wide, rectangular in shape, in contact with supranasal and frontal anteriorly, parietal posteriorly, postfrontal laterally, and ocular ventrally; parietal subhexagonal in shape, elongated dorsoventrally, contacting ocular and supraocular anteriorly, temporal and occipital posteriorly, second supralabial ventrally, postfrontal and interparietal laterally; occipital in subhexagonal shape, elongated dorsoventrally, one and a half time smaller than parietal, contacting parietal anteriorly, first row of middorsal scales posteriorly, temporal ventrally and interparietal and interoccipital laterally, not reaching second supralabial level; temporal scale not differentiated from other dorsal scales, subhexagonal in shape, bordered by second supralabial, parietal and occipital anteriorly, and dorsal scale posteriorly; middle cephalic shields (frontal, postfrontal, interparietal, and interoccipital scales) similar in shape, subpentagonal; frontal almost one and a half time wider than long, contacting rostral and supranasals anteriorly, supraocular laterally, and postfrontal posteriorly; postfrontal almost two times wider than long, contacting frontal and supraoculars anteriorly, parietals laterally, and interparietal posteriorly; interparietal two times wider than long, contacting postfrontal and parietals anteriorly, occipitals laterally, and interoccipital posteriorly; interoccipital almost two times wider than long, wider than interparietal, contacting interparietal and occipital anteriorly, and first middorsal row posteriorly; nasal scale divided; supranasals higher than long, reaching eyes level, not contacting each other, base with same width than infranasals; supranasal contacting rostral anteriorly, first supralabial and ocular posteriorly, and supraocular dorsally; infranasal one and a half time smaller than supranasal, as high as long, contacting rostral anteriorly, first supralabial posteriorly, and supranasal dorsally; nostril obliquely oriented and placed anteriorly in the nasal suture; eyes well developed with domed structure externally, positioned on the anterior portion of ocular scale; cloacal shield rounded, almost three times wider than long; tail short, fused caudals absent; terminal spine short, wider than long; 14 scale rows around midbody; 10 scale rows around the tail; 218 middorsal scales; 203 ventral scales; 13 subcaudals.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF01EBBEFFDAFFECFF66F8117F13279D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282519/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="45" targetBox="[225,1364,176,1914]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFDAFFECFF66F8117F13279D" blockId="3.[151,1436,1933,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDAFFECFF66F8117C6127DF" bold="true" box="[151,278,1933,1956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
The striped dorsal color patterns of examined species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDAFFECFC19F813794627D8" box="[1000,1073,1935,1956]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDAFFECFC19F813794627D8" box="[1000,1073,1935,1956]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Epictia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A: Line blotches (LB) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDAFFECFAA2F8137C7C27BE" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="clinorostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDAFFECFAA2F8137C7C27BE" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Epictia clinorostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MNRJ 16503); B: Triangular blotches (TB) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDAFFECFD05F8317EB627BE" box="[756,961,1964,1986]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borapeliotes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDAFFECFD05F8317EB627BE" box="[756,961,1964,1986]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Epictia borapeliotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MNRJ 17054); C: Rectangular blotches (RB) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDAFFECFF40F8507C3B279D" box="[177,332,1996,2017]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDAFFECFF40F8507C3B279D" box="[177,332,1996,2017]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="45">Epictia munoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MCP 1234). Scale: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF01EBBEFFDDFFEBFF66FAD8782B2526" box="[151,1372,1348,1371]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282520/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="46" targetBox="[491,1095,193,1326]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFDDFFEBFF66FAD8782B2526" blockId="4.[151,1372,1348,1371]" box="[151,1372,1348,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDDFFEBFF66FAD87C642526" bold="true" box="[151,275,1348,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="46">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal (A), lateral (B), and ventral (C) views of the paratype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDDFFEBFC50FADA794B2527" box="[929,1084,1350,1371]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDDFFEBFC50FADA794B2527" box="[929,1084,1350,1371]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="46">Epictia munoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MNRJ 3306). Scale: 1mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFDDFFEBFF36F8917E6F2712" blockId="4.[151,1436,1410,2010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDDFFEBFF36F8917C95275A" bold="true" box="[199,482,1805,1830]" pageId="4" pageNumber="46">Colour in preservative.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal background whitish-cream and stripped pattern with brownish rectangular blotches (RB); venter light brown; head brown, without stripes; infralabials and cloacal shield with same color as the venter; rostral without blotches; terminal spine white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFDDFFEAFF36F8E5793E21FB" blockId="4.[151,1436,1410,2010]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,463]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="4" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDDFFEBFF36F8E57C4C27EE" bold="true" box="[199,315,1913,1938]" pageId="4" pageNumber="46">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Although no sexual dimorphism was found in any analyzed variables, results will be presented for females and males separately. Middorsal scales 184–225 (216.2 ± 10.6,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDDFFEBFC4CF8037EBC27CA" box="[957,971,1951,1974]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="46">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 25) in males and 202–224 (210 ± 26.9,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDDFFEBFF66F85F7DD227A6" box="[151,165,1987,2010]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="46">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 18) in females; midventral scales 178–219 (202.4 ± 10.1,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDDFFEBFCB7F85F7E2327A6" box="[838,852,1987,2010]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="46">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 25) in males and 182–221 (199.2 ± 7.7,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDDFFEBFADEF85F784A27A6" box="[1327,1341,1987,2010]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="46">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 18) in females; subcaudal scales 10–13 (12.1 ± 1.0,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFD5AFF057FCE20CC" box="[683,697,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 25) in males and 10–14 (12.4 ± 0.9,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFB7FFF0579EB20CC" box="[1166,1180,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 18) in females; TL 71–184 (130.2 ± 26.5,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFE64FF217CD420A8" box="[405,419,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 25) in males and 63–162 (104.3 ± 37.1,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFC8DFF217EFD20A8" box="[892,906,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 18) in females; TL/TAL 15–23 (17.3 ± 2.3,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFA7FFF2178EB20A8" box="[1422,1436,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 25) in males and 13–24 (18.1 ± 3.1,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFDA4FF7D7F142084" box="[597,611,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 18) in females; TAL/TL% 4.4–7.1 (5.9% ± 0.0,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFB5DFF7D79CD2084" box="[1196,1210,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 25) in males and 4.1–7.6 (5.7% ± 0.0,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFE74FE997CE42160" box="[389,403,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 18) in females; TL/MB ratio 37.9–69.8 (52.1 ± 7.5,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFC0AFE99797E2160" box="[1019,1033,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 25) in males and 37.9–71.6 (53.5 ± 9.1,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFF13FEB57D87213C" box="[226,240,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 18) in females; TAL/MT ratio 2.7–5.2 (3.9 ± 0.6,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFCA0FEB57E28213C" box="[849,863,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 25) in males and 2.7–4.7 (3.7 ± 0.7,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFAD9FEB57841213C" box="[1320,1334,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 18) in females; relative eye diameter 2.0–3.0 (2.5 ± 0.3,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFD31FED17FB92118" box="[704,718,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 25) in males and 1.9–3.3 (2.4 ± 0.3,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFB8DFED179FD2118" box="[1148,1162,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 18) in females; rostral width 0.5–0.8 (0.6 ± 0.0,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFE42FEED7CB621F4" box="[435,449,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 25) in males and 0.5–0.8 (0.6 ± 0.1,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFC84FEED7EF421F4" box="[885,899,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 18) in females.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFDCFFEAFF36FE0F7C8521B3" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,463]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFF36FE0F7C8621D0" bold="true" box="[199,497,403,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Geographic distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDCFFEAFD99FE087FD821D0" box="[616,687,404,428]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDCFFEAFACBFE0978EB21D1" box="[1338,1436,405,429]" name="Uruguay" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDCFFEAFED0FE2B7CE721B3" box="[289,400,439,463]" name="Argentina" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1345A7B3FFDCFFEAFE51FE2B7C9321B3" box="[416,484,439,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1505,1528]" captionTargetBox="[165,1428,519,1471]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,499,1501]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Geographic distribution of Epictia munoai. Triangle = type locality; rectangles = literature data; circles = specimens examined." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282521/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF01EBBEFFDCFFEAFF66FA7D7C07266B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/282521/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" targetBox="[165,1428,519,1471]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFDCFFEAFF66FA7D7C07266B" blockId="5.[151,1435,1505,1559]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFF66FA7D7C6F258B" bold="true" box="[151,280,1505,1528]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Geographic distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFDB9FA7F7F9E2584" box="[584,745,1507,1528]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFDB9FA7F7F9E2584" box="[584,745,1507,1528]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Epictia munoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Triangle = type locality; rectangles = literature data; circles = specimens examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFDCFFE8FF36F9DF7C39208B" blockId="5.[151,1436,1603,2023]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,1292]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFF36F9DF7EC22620" bold="true" box="[199,949,1603,1628]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Comparisons with other Cisandine species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFCADF9DF7ED92620" box="[860,942,1603,1628]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFCADF9DF7ED92620" bold="true" box="[860,942,1603,1628]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Epictia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Comparisons were made with all cisandine species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFEF0F9F47FAA2603" authority="Schlegel 1839" authorityName="Schlegel" authorityYear="1839" box="[257,733,1639,1663]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undecimstriata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFEF0F9F47F7B2603" box="[257,524,1639,1663]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Epictia undecimstriata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFDD7F9FB7FA12603" author="Schlegel" box="[550,726,1639,1663]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Schlegel, H. (1839) Abbildungen neuer oder unvollstandig bekannter Amphibien, nach der Natur oder dem Leben entworfen, herausgegeben und mit einem erlauternden Texte begleitet. Arnz, Dusseldorf, 141 pp." type="book" year="1839">Schlegel 1839</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFD05F9F479942603" authority="Dumeril and Bibron 1844" authorityName="Dumeril and Bibron" authorityYear="1844" box="[756,1251,1639,1663]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goudotii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFD05F9F47E0C2603" box="[756,891,1639,1663]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">E. goudotii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFC64F9FB79AC2603" author="Dumeril" box="[917,1243,1639,1663]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Dumeril, A. M. C. & Bibron, G. (1844) Erpetologie Generale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol. 6. Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 618 pp." type="book" year="1844">Duméril and Bibron 1844</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFB0BF9F47C1C26DF" authority="Burmeister 1861" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1861" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albipuncta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFB0BF9F478EB2603" box="[1274,1436,1639,1663]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">E. albipuncta</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFF6FF9177C1526DF" author="Burmeister" box="[158,354,1675,1699]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Burmeister, H. (1861) Reise durch die La Plata Staaten mit besonderer Rucksicht auf die physische Beschaffenheit und den Culturzustand der Argentinischen Republik. Ausgefuhrt in den jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 und 1860. Vol. 2. Halle, H. W. Schmidt, 538 pp." type="book" year="1861">Burmeister 1861</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFE88F9117F0326DF" authority="Jan 1861" authorityName="Jan" authorityYear="1861" box="[377,628,1675,1700]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="signata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFE88F9117C9926D8" box="[377,494,1677,1700]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">E. signata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFE0EF9177F1C26DF" author="Jan" box="[511,619,1675,1699]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Jan, G. (1861) Note sulla famiglia dei tiflopidi sui loro generi e sulle specie del genere Stenostoma relative alle Tav. V. e VI del 1 º e dalle Tav. V. e VI del 2 º fascicolo dell'Iconographie generale des ophidiens. Archivio Per La Zoologia, L'Anatomia e La Fisiologia, Genova, 1 (2), 178 - 199." type="journal article" year="1861">Jan 1861</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFD72F9117ECD26DF" authority="Klauber 1939" authorityName="Klauber" authorityYear="1939" box="[643,954,1675,1700]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="columbi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFD72F9117F8826D8" box="[643,767,1676,1700]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">E. columbi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFCE1F9177EC526DF" author="Klauber" box="[784,946,1675,1699]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Klauber, L. M. (1939) Three new worm snakes of the genus Leptotyphlops. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History, 9, 59 - 65." type="journal article" year="1939">Klauber 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFC38F911786826DF" authority="Klauber 1939" authorityName="Klauber" authorityYear="1939" box="[969,1311,1675,1700]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subcrotilla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFC38F911791426D8" box="[969,1123,1676,1700]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">E. subcrotilla</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFB84F917786026DF" author="Klauber" box="[1141,1303,1675,1699]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Klauber, L. M. (1939) Three new worm snakes of the genus Leptotyphlops. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History, 9, 59 - 65." type="journal article" year="1939">Klauber 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFADCF9117C3126BB" authority="Klauber 1939" authorityName="Klauber" authorityYear="1939" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFADCF91178EB26D8" box="[1325,1436,1676,1700]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">E. tenella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFF6FF9337C4826BB" author="Klauber" box="[158,319,1711,1735]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Klauber, L. M. (1939) Three new worm snakes of the genus Leptotyphlops. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History, 9, 59 - 65." type="journal article" year="1939">Klauber 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFEA2F92C7FB926BB" authority="Taylor 1940" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1940" box="[339,718,1711,1735]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magnamaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFEA2F92C7F5026BB" box="[339,551,1711,1735]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">E. magnamaculata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFDC6F9337FB126BB" author="Taylor" box="[567,710,1711,1735]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Taylor, E. H. (1940) [dated of 1939] Herpetological miscellany no. I. University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 26, 489 - 571." type="journal article" year="1940">Taylor 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFD2AF92C7E8726BB" authority="Taylor 1940" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1940" box="[731,1008,1711,1735]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFD2AF92C7E3D26BB" box="[731,842,1711,1735]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">E. nasalis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFCABF9337E9E26BB" author="Taylor" box="[858,1001,1711,1735]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Taylor, E. H. (1940) [dated of 1939] Herpetological miscellany no. I. University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 26, 489 - 571." type="journal article" year="1940">Taylor 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFC0CF92C78E026BB" authority="Smith and Laufe 1945" authorityName="Smith and Laufe" authorityYear="1945" box="[1021,1431,1711,1735]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="striatula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFC0CF92C790A26BB" box="[1021,1149,1711,1735]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">E. striatula</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFB7DF93378F926BB" author="Smith" box="[1164,1422,1711,1735]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Smith, H. M. & Laufe, L. E. (1945) A new South American Leptotyphlops. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 58, 29 - 32." type="journal article" year="1945">Smith and Laufe 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFF66F9487FBF2697" authority="Freiberg and Orejas-Miranda 1968" authorityName="Freiberg and Orejas-Miranda" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,712,1747,1772]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFF66F9487C672690" box="[151,272,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">E.australis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFED4F94F7FC82697" author="Freiberg" box="[293,703,1747,1771]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Freiberg, M. A. & Orejas Miranda, B. R. (1968) Un nuevo Leptotyphlopidae de la Republica Argentina (Reptilia, Ophidia). Physis, 28, 145 - 148." type="journal article" year="1968">Freiberg and Orejas-Miranda 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFD28F94979092697" authority="Orejas-Miranda 1969" authorityName="Orejas-Miranda" authorityYear="1969" box="[729,1150,1747,1772]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diaplocia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFD28F9497E102690" box="[729,871,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">E. diaplocia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFC8AF94F79002697" author="Orejas-Miranda" box="[891,1143,1747,1771]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Orejas-Miranda, B. R. (1969) Tres nuevos leptotyphlops (Reptilia: Serpentes). Comunicaciones Zoologicas del Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo, 10, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1969">Orejas-Miranda 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFB7EF9497DAD2773" authority="Hoogmoed 1977" authorityName="Hoogmoed" authorityYear="1977" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="collaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFB7EF949787E2690" box="[1167,1289,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">E. collaris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFAEFF94F7DA52773" author="Hoogmoed" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Hoogmoed, M. S. (1977) On a new species of Leptotyphlops from Surinam, with notes on the other Surinam species of the genus (Leptotyphlopidae, Serpentes). Notes on the herpetofauna of Surinam V. Zoologische Mededelingen, 51, 99 - 123." type="journal article" year="1977">Hoogmoed 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFF19F9647F632773" authority="Laurent 1984" authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1984" box="[232,532,1783,1807]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vellardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFF19F9647C292773" box="[232,350,1783,1807]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">E. vellardi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFE9FF96B7F7B2773" author="Laurent" box="[366,524,1783,1807]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Laurent, R. F. (1984) The Genus Leptotyphlops in the collection of the Fundacion Miguel Lillo Argentina. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 38, 29 - 34." type="journal article" year="1984">Laurent 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFDD0F9647EE02773" authority="Vanzolini 1996" authorityName="Vanzolini" authorityYear="1996" box="[545,919,1783,1807]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borapeliotes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFDD0F9647FBA2773" box="[545,717,1783,1807]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">E. borapeliotes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFD2CF96B7EF82773" author="Vanzolini" box="[733,911,1783,1807]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Vanzolini, P. E. (1996) A new (and very old) species of Leptotyphlops from northeastern Brasil (Serpentes, Leptotyphlopidae). Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia, 39, 281 - 291." type="journal article" year="1996">Vanzolini 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFC55F96478EF2773" authority="Arredondo and Zaher 2010" authorityName="Arredondo and Zaher" authorityYear="2010" box="[932,1432,1783,1807]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="clinorostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFC55F96479322773" box="[932,1093,1783,1807]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">E. clinorostris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFBA4F96B78E72773" author="Arredondo" box="[1109,1424,1783,1807]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Arredondo, J. C. & Zaher, H. (2010) A new species of Epictia (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae) from Central Brazil. South American Journal of Herpetology, 5, 189 - 198." type="journal article" year="2010">Arredondo and Zaher 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFEFAF8817CBD2748" box="[267,458,1820,1844]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFEFAF8817CBD2748" box="[267,458,1820,1844]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Epictia albifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Wagler
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFDC9F8817F392748" box="[568,590,1821,1844]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">in</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFDA9F8877FB9274F" author="Spix" box="[600,718,1819,1843]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Spix, J. B. von (1824) Serpentum Brasiliensium species novae, ou histoire naturelle des especes nouvelles de serpens, recuillies et observees pendant le voyage dans l'interieur do Bresil dans les annees 1817, 1818, 1819, 1820 execute par ordre de AS Majeste le Roi de Baviere, publiee par Jean de Spix, Chevalier de lordre civil de la Couronne de Baviere, Membre de l'Academie Royale de Munich, Conservateur du Musee zoologique, zootomique et ethnographique, Membre de l " Academie des Curieux de la Nature etc. Ecrite d'apres les notes du voyage par Jean Wagler. - Monachii, Typis Franc. Seraph. Hubschmanni, vii + 75 pp., 26 plates. Facsimile SSAR, Lawrence, 98 pp." type="book" year="1824">Spix 1824</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) is actually assigned as
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFC1DF88179E22748" box="[1004,1173,1820,1844]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">nomen dubium</emphasis>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFB26F8807DA4272B" author="Franco" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Franco, F. L. & Pinto, R. R. (2009) Stenostoma albifrons Wagler in Spix, 1824 as nomen dubium and recognition of the name Leptotyphlops tenellus Klauber, 1939 (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae). Salamandra, 45, 239 - 244." type="journal article" year="2009">Franco and Pinto 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the validity of this name is under revision (V. Wallach in prep.). For this reason, we did not include this taxon in the comparisons.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFE37F8F97FBF2700" box="[454,712,1892,1916]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undecimstriata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFE37F8F97FBF2700" box="[454,712,1892,1916]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Epictia undecimstriata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could not be compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFBF1F8F979022700" box="[1024,1141,1893,1916]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFBF1F8F979022700" box="[1024,1141,1893,1916]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">E. munoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because it is known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C50594FFDCFFEAFEF3F81B7C1027E3" box="[258,359,1927,1951]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, which is apparently lost according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFCD7F81B7EC027E3" author="Hahn" box="[806,951,1927,1951]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Hahn, D. E. (1980) Liste der rezenten Amphibien und Reptilien Anomalepididae, Leptotyphlopidae, Typhlopidae. Das Tierreich, 101, 1 - 93." type="journal article" year="1980">Hahn (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFC03F81B787827E3" box="[1010,1295,1927,1951]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="McDiarmid, R. W., Campbell, J. A. & Toure, T. (1999) Snake species of the world. A taxonomic and geographic reference. Vo l. 1. The Herpetologists' League, Washington DC, 512 pp." type="book">
|
||
McDiarmid
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFB8FF81479CE27E3" box="[1150,1209,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1999)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFAECF81B7D9627BF" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Pinto, R. R, Passos, P., Portilla, J. R. C., Arredondo, J. C. & Fernandes, R. (2010) Taxonomy of the Threadsnakes of the tribe Epictini (Squamata: Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae) in Colombia. Zootaxa, 2724, 1 - 28." type="journal article">
|
||
Pinto
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFA93F81478EB27E3" box="[1378,1436,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recognized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDCFFEAFE80F8317F5D27B8" box="[369,554,1964,1988]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phenops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFE80F8317F5D27B8" box="[369,554,1964,1988]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">Epictia phenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a full species based on molecular data from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDCFFEAFBACF83778EF27BF" box="[1117,1432,1963,1988]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Adalsteinsson, S. A., Branch, W. R., Trape, S., Vitt, L. J. & Hedges, S. B. (2009) Molecular phylogeny, classification, and biogeography of snakes of the family Leptotyphlopidae (Reptilia, Squamata). Zootaxa, 2244, 1 - 50." type="journal article">
|
||
Adalsteinsson
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDCFFEAFAF5F831783727B8" box="[1284,1344,1964,1988]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, this taxon is currently diagnosed only through molecular data, and no specimens were available for morphological comparisons. Since
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FDDAFF057FDD20CC" box="[555,682,152,176]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phenops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FDDAFF057FDD20CC" box="[555,682,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. phenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was formerly a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FBE0FF0579E620CC" box="[1041,1169,152,176]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goudotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FBE0FF0579E620CC" box="[1041,1169,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. goudotti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we consider the latter taxon to represent the former when compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FD49FF217E5C20A8" box="[696,811,189,212]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FD49FF217E5C20A8" box="[696,811,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. munoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, concluding that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FC1CFF21791E20A8" box="[1005,1129,188,212]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phenops">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FC1CFF21791E20A8" box="[1005,1129,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. phenops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is morphologically distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FF25FF7D7C302084" box="[212,327,225,248]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FF25FF7D7C302084" box="[212,327,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. munoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFDEFFE8FF36FE997E4421FB" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FF36FE997C042160" box="[199,371,261,284]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FF36FE997C042160" box="[199,371,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Epictia munoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FDF7FE997FCB2160" box="[518,700,260,284]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="striatula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FDF7FE997FCB2160" box="[518,700,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Epictia striatula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FD02FE997EFD2160" box="[755,906,260,284]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albipuncta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FD02FE997EFD2160" box="[755,906,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. albipuncta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of 10 scales around the middle of the tail (
|
||
<quantity id="4C8616D3FFDEFFE8FEE8FEBB7C222143" box="[281,341,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
|
||
the latter two), from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FDBEFEB57FCA213C" box="[591,701,296,320]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FDBEFEB57FCA213C" box="[591,701,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. tenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the absence of contact between the supraocular and the first supralabial, and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FE65FED17F7C2118" box="[404,523,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vellardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FE65FED17F7C2118" box="[404,523,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. vellardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FDEDFED17FEF2118" box="[540,664,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="columbi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FDEDFED17FEF2118" box="[540,664,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. columbi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FD59FED17E3D2118" box="[680,842,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="clinorostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FD59FED17E3D2118" box="[680,842,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. clinorostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FCAAFED17EAE2118" box="[859,985,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goudotti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FCAAFED17EAE2118" box="[859,985,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. goudotti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FC1BFED179B72118" box="[1002,1216,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magnamaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FC1BFED179B72118" box="[1002,1216,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. magnamaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FB21FED178362118" box="[1232,1345,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FB21FED178362118" box="[1232,1345,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. nasalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FA75FED17D9D21F4" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="signata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FA75FED17D9D21F4" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. signata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of three instead of four infralabials.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFDEFFE8FF36FE097FFE2240" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FF36FE097C0521D0" box="[199,370,405,428]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FF36FE097C0521D0" box="[199,370,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Epictia munoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FDF4FE097FF121D0" box="[517,646,404,428]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FDF4FE097FF121D0" box="[517,646,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by lacking two black rings around the gular region and one around the tail. Although all species are predominantly brown,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FD14FE257EE521AC" box="[741,914,441,464]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FD14FE257EE521AC" box="[741,914,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Epictia munoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has an RB striped pattern that differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FA75FE257D8E2188" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FA75FE257D8E2188" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(LB),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FEBAFE417C9A2188" box="[331,493,476,500]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="clinorostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FEBAFE417C9A2188" box="[331,493,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. clinorostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(LB),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FDCEFE417F9A2188" box="[575,749,476,500]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borapeliotes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FDCEFE417F9A2188" box="[575,749,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. borapeliotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(TB), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FC83FE417E842188" box="[882,1011,476,500]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="striatula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FC83FE417E842188" box="[882,1011,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. striatula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(TB).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FBB4FE4179982188" box="[1093,1263,476,500]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FBB4FE4179982188" box="[1093,1263,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Epictia nasalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has no striped dorsal pattern (uniform brown).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FE0FFD9D7FDC2264" box="[510,683,512,536]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vellardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FE0FFD9D7FDC2264" box="[510,683,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Epictia vellardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FD11FD9D7E3C2264" box="[736,843,512,536]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tenella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FD11FD9D7E3C2264" box="[736,843,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. tenella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the same pattern of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FBA6FD9D78752264" box="[1111,1282,513,536]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FBA6FD9D78752264" box="[1111,1282,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Epictia munoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Meristic and morphological data are presented in Table 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C364E8BDFFDEFFE8FF36FDD479AB22DB" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFDEFFE8FF36FDD479AB22DB" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FF36FDD47C4C221C" bold="true" box="[199,315,584,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Recent taxonomic studies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FD5BFDDB7E182223" box="[682,879,583,607]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Leptotyphlopidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
focused on the elaboration of more objective diagnoses of taxa based on extensive morphological and meristic character data (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDEFFE8FB99FDF0783D22F8" author="Passos" box="[1128,1354,620,644]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Passos, P., Caramaschi, U. & Pinto, R. R. (2005) Rediscovery and redescription of Leptotyphlops salgueiroi Amaral, 1954 (Squamata, Serpentes, Leptotyphlopidae). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Serie Zoologia, 520, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Passos
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FB32FDF1787522F8" box="[1219,1282,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDEFFE8FAADFDF078E022F8" author="Passos" box="[1372,1431,620,644]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Passos, P., Caramaschi, U. & Pinto, R. R. (2006) Redescription of Leptotyphlops koppesi Amaral, 1954, and description of a new species of the Leptotyphlops dulcis group from Central Brazil (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae). Amphibia- Reptilia, 27, 347 - 357." type="journal article" year="2006">2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDEFFE8FF66FD137CBD22DB" author="Arredondo" box="[151,458,655,679]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Arredondo, J. C. & Zaher, H. (2010) A new species of Epictia (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae) from Central Brazil. South American Journal of Herpetology, 5, 189 - 198." type="journal article" year="2010">Arredondo and Zaher 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDEFFE8FE24FD137FE522DB" author="Pinto" box="[469,658,655,680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Pinto, R. R, Passos, P., Portilla, J. R. C., Arredondo, J. C. & Fernandes, R. (2010) Taxonomy of the Threadsnakes of the tribe Epictini (Squamata: Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae) in Colombia. Zootaxa, 2724, 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Pinto
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FDE9FD0D7F2722D4" box="[536,592,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDEFFE8FD6CFD137EEB22DB" author="Pinto" box="[669,924,655,679]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Pinto, R. R. & Curcio, F. (2011) On the generic identity of Siagonodon brasiliensis, with the description of a new leptotyphlopid from Central Brazil (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae). Copeia, 2011, 53 - 63." type="journal article" year="2011">Pinto and Curcio 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDEFFE8FC59FD1379A722DB" author="Pinto" box="[936,1232,655,679]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Pinto, R. R. & Fernandes, R. (2012) A new blind snake species of the genus Tricheilostoma from Espinhaco Range, Brazil and taxonomic status of Rena dimidiata (Jan, 1861) (Serpentes: Epictinae: Leptotyphlopidae). Copeia, 2012, 37 - 48." type="journal article" year="2012">Pinto and Fernandes 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C364E8BDFFDEFFE8FF36FD2979F32570" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFDEFFE8FF36FD297C552303" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FF36FD297C0522B0" box="[199,370,693,716]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FF36FD297C0522B0" box="[199,370,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Epictia munoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently diagnosed by some conflicting characters, since
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FBEAFD28785322B0" box="[1051,1316,692,716]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FBEAFD28785322B0" box="[1051,1316,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Leptotyphlops albifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FABAFD297D8C228C" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FABAFD297D8C228C" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Epictia albifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) was assigned as
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FE33FD457F10228C" box="[450,615,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">nomen dubium</emphasis>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDEFFE8FD61FD447ED32293" author="Franco" box="[656,932,727,751]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Franco, F. L. & Pinto, R. R. (2009) Stenostoma albifrons Wagler in Spix, 1824 as nomen dubium and recognition of the name Leptotyphlops tenellus Klauber, 1939 (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae). Salamandra, 45, 239 - 244." type="journal article" year="2009">Franco and Pinto (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Some species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FB62FD4478EB228C" box="[1171,1436,728,752]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FB62FD4478EB228C" box="[1171,1436,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Leptotyphlops albifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FEB2FD617CF62368" box="[323,385,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDEFFE8FE7BFD617F8C2368" author="Peters" box="[394,763,764,788]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Peters, J. A. & Orejas-Miranda, B. R. (1970) Catalogue of the Neotropical Squamata: Part 1. Snakes. Bulletin of the United States of National Museum, 297, 1 - 347." type="journal article" year="1970">Peters and Orejas-Miranda 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) were distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FBD9FD6179DC2368" box="[1064,1195,764,788]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FBD9FD6179DC2368" box="[1064,1195,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">L. albifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FB24FD6178E52368" box="[1237,1426,764,788]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FB24FD6178E52368" box="[1237,1426,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Epictia albifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) by the contact of supraocular and first supralabial scales. However, this character was considered variable by several authors (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDEFFE8FEA0FCD87F3B2320" author="Jan" box="[337,588,836,860]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Jan, G. & Sordelli, F. (1860) [1860 - 1866] Iconographie generale des Ophidiens. Vol. 1. J. B. Bailliere, Paris, 102 plates." type="book chapter" year="1860">Jan and Sordelli 1860</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDEFFE8FDA8FCD87E662320" author="Boulenger" box="[601,785,836,860]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1893) Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Vo l. 1. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 448 pp." type="book" year="1893">Boulenger 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDEFFE8FCEFFCD87ECB2320" author="Thomas" box="[798,956,836,860]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Thomas, R. (1965) The genus Leptotyphlops in the West Indies with the description of a new species from Hispaniola (Serpentes, Leptotyphlopidae). Breviora, Museum of Comparative Zoology, 222, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1965">Thomas 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDEFFE8FC38FCD878662320" author="Hoogmoed" box="[969,1297,836,860]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Hoogmoed, M. S. & Gruber, U. (1983) Spix and Wagler type specimens of reptiles and amphibians in the Natural History Museum in Munich (Germany) and Leiden (The Netherlands). Spixiana, 9, 319 - 415." type="journal article" year="1983">Hoogmoed and Gruber 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDEFFE8FAEFFCD97C612303" author="Franco" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Franco, F. L. & Pinto, R. R. (2009) Stenostoma albifrons Wagler in Spix, 1824 as nomen dubium and recognition of the name Leptotyphlops tenellus Klauber, 1939 (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae). Salamandra, 45, 239 - 244." type="journal article" year="2009">Franco and Pinto 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFDEFFE8FF36FC1079B62473" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Despite the general conservative morphological features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FC73FC10793D23D8" box="[898,1098,908,932]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Leptotyphlopidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FBABFC1179A523D8" box="[1114,1234,909,932]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FBABFC1179A523D8" box="[1114,1234,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. munoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has well-defined characters that distinguish it from the other congeners, such as low numbers of dorsal and ventral scales. Furthermore, this taxon occurs in sympatry with a few other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FC5EFC4979772390" box="[943,1024,981,1004]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FC5EFC4979772390" box="[943,1024,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Epictia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FBE1FC4979E72390" box="[1040,1168,980,1004]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FBE1FC4979E72390" box="[1040,1168,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FB37FC49782A2390" box="[1222,1373,980,1004]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albipuncta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FB37FC49782A2390" box="[1222,1373,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">E. albipuncta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and apparently is a common species that is relatively well represented in herpetological collections.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC1BB36FFDEFFE8FF36FB8079F32570" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">
|
||
The 19 examined specimens from the Municipality of Corumbá, state of Mato Grosso do Sul,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDEFFE8FAA1FB8078E02448" box="[1360,1431,1052,1076]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, previously identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FE55FBDD7F282424" box="[420,607,1088,1112]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FE55FBDD7F282424" box="[420,607,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Epictia albifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FD75FBDD7E472424" box="[644,816,1089,1112]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="munoai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FD75FBDD7E472424" box="[644,816,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Epictia munoai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was identified in this study as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FB7EFBDD784A2424" box="[1167,1341,1088,1112]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vellardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FB7EFBDD784A2424" box="[1167,1341,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Epictia vellardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7EC0B5FFDEFFE8FABAFBDD7D9A2400" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Epictia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vellardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90A6724FFDEFFE8FABAFBDD7D9A2400" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Epictia vellardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C50594FFDEFFE8FDD8FBF97F2E2401" box="[553,601,1125,1149]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens (FML00110 -
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C50594FFDEFFE8FC74FBF87E9A2400" box="[901,1005,1124,1148]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and FML00295 -
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C50594FFDEFFE8FB34FBF8785E2400" box="[1221,1321,1124,1148]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
) from the Municipality of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDEFFE8FEA0FB157CC124DC" box="[337,438,1161,1184]" name="Taiwan" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Formosa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Province of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDEFFE8FDA0FB157FC124DC" box="[593,694,1161,1184]" name="Taiwan" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Formosa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDEFFE8FD32FB147E4224DC" box="[707,821,1160,1184]" name="Argentina" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and the specimens reported herein represent the first record of this taxon in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDEFFE8FE49FB307F7724B8" box="[440,512,1196,1220]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDEFFE8FD4BFB317E0224B8" author="Morrone" box="[698,885,1196,1220]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Morrone, J. J. (2006) Biogeographic areas and transition zones of Latin America and the Caribbean Islands based on panbiogeographic and cladistic analyses of the entomofauna. Annual Review of Entomology, 51, 467 - 494." type="journal article" year="2006">Morrone (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEFC6C7FFDEFFE8FC48FB31790024B8" author="Morrone" box="[953,1143,1196,1220]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Morrone, J. J. (2010) America do Sul e geografia da vida: comparacao de algumas propostas de regionalizacao. In: de Carvalho, C. J. B. & Almeida, E. A. B. (Orgs.), Biogeografia da America do Sul, padroes e processos. Editora Roca, Sao Paulo, pp. 14 - 40." type="book chapter" year="2010">Morrone (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, both regions (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDEFFE8FAC0FB3078EF24B8" box="[1329,1432,1196,1220]" name="Taiwan" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Formosa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDEFFE8FF66FB4C7C712494" box="[151,262,1232,1256]" name="Argentina" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Corumbá,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDEFFE8FE4EFB4C7F722494" box="[447,517,1232,1256]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
) are included in the biogeographic Chaco province, which composes the open corridor of South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369FBA6FFDEFFE8FEAEFB687CB72570" box="[351,448,1268,1292]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="49">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
along with the biogeographic Cerrado and Caatinga provinces.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |