223 lines
30 KiB
XML
223 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="1FD289440D628910D46927CE54B0C664" ID-CLB-Dataset="22563" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4537.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="897dc544-e3e9-46db-b36e-4aa995caabc4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3771214" ID-ZooBank="169CBE5C-3A6E-438B-8A81-0491CBFBAC85" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588019833456" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Blake, James A." docDate="2018" docId="03A2CB16FFFDA243FF36FAA3FEA3FABC" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4537.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4537 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Aphelochaeta Blake 1991" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FF9BB36EFFF5A24AFFA1FFBEFF85FFC4" masterDocTitle="Bitentaculate Cirratulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) collected chiefly during cruises of the R / V Anton Bruun, USNS Eltanin, USCG Glacier, R / V Hero, RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer, and R / V Polarstern from the Southern Ocean, Antarctica, and off Western South America" masterLastPageNumber="130" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1698837503771" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="79C3363B3E07EB224F4BB9560D445476">Bitentaculate Cirratulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) collected chiefly during cruises of the R / V Anton Bruun, USNS Eltanin, USCG Glacier, R / V Hero, RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer, and R / V Polarstern from the Southern Ocean, Antarctica, and off Western South America</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="30ABE862817B7F042D7EB08F2099E026">Blake, James A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F7B38D7BB46BBBEB541D8B8F3A5D6A87">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="5B701CD006EF9515FB883C8C1AB6ACB7">
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<mods:date id="B83897A4C1077F2153A2BDB0691190AA">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FAE60A5EDD8D28EB818D34337486892E">2018-12-21</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B635A21FC9F671B4ADF87E78D58B9287">4537</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03A2CB16FFFDA243FF36FAA3FEA3FABC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3798632" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163813258" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3798632" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A2CB16FFFDA243FF36FAA3FEA3FABC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A2CB16FFFDA243FF36FAA3FEA3FABC" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<subSubSection id="C311298BFFFDA242FF36FAA3FDA9FAF3" box="[151,556,1309,1335]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB47A00FFFDA242FF36FAA3FDA9FAF3" blockId="8.[151,556,1309,1335]" box="[151,556,1309,1335]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<heading id="D0FCCD6CFFFDA242FF36FAA3FDA9FAF3" bold="true" box="[151,556,1309,1335]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFDA242FF36FAA3FDA9FAF3" bold="true" box="[151,556,1309,1335]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFDA242FF4FFAA3FDA9FAF3" ID-CoL="84LGM" authority="Blake, 1991" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="1991" box="[238,556,1309,1335]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Aphelochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFDA242FF4FFAA3FE11FAF3" bold="true" box="[238,404,1309,1335]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Aphelochaeta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A07F1FFFDA242FE3AFAA3FDA9FAF3" author="Blake, J. A." box="[411,556,1309,1335]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="17 - 30" refId="ref82238" refString="Blake, J. A. (1991) Revision of some genera and species of Cirratulidae from the Western North Atlantic. Ophelia, 5 (Supplement), 17 - 30." type="journal article" year="1991">Blake, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C311298BFFFDA242FF36FADAFB80FABE" box="[151,1029,1380,1402]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BB47A00FFFDA242FF36FADAFB80FABE" blockId="8.[151,1029,1380,1402]" box="[151,1029,1380,1402]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFDA242FF36FADAFE99FABE" bold="true" box="[151,284,1380,1402]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<typeStatus id="54B0C4A2FFFDA242FF36FADAFF49FABE" box="[151,204,1380,1402]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFDA242FE8BFADAFDFFFABE" ID-CoL="564MC" authority="Hartman, 1960" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1960" box="[298,634,1380,1402]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Tharyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="monilaris">
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFDA242FE8BFADAFE5CFABE" box="[298,473,1380,1402]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tharyx monilaris</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A07F1FFFDA242FE7EFADBFDFFFABE" author="Hartman, O." box="[479,634,1380,1402]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="69 - 215" refId="ref84818" refString="Hartman, O. (1960) Systematic account of some marine invertebrate animals from the deep basins of Southern California. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 22, 69 - 215." type="journal article" year="1960">Hartman, 1960</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Original designation by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A07F1FFFDA242FCD8FADAFB84FABE" author="Blake, J. A." box="[889,1025,1380,1402]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="17 - 30" refId="ref82238" refString="Blake, J. A. (1991) Revision of some genera and species of Cirratulidae from the Western North Atlantic. Ophelia, 5 (Supplement), 17 - 30." type="journal article" year="1991">Blake (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C311298BFFFDA242FF36FA18FD0AF98B" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BB47A00FFFDA242FF36FA18FD0AF98B" blockId="8.[151,1436,1446,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFDA242FF36FA18FE94FA7B" bold="true" box="[151,273,1446,1471]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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(emended,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A07F1FFFDA242FE3BFA19FD03FA7B" author="Dean, H. K. & Blake, J. A." box="[410,646,1446,1471]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="101 - 116" refId="ref84045" refString="Dean, H. K. & Blake, J. A. (2016) Aphelochaeta (Polychaeta: Cirratulidae) from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica, with a description of five new species. Zootaxa, 4103 (2), 101 - 116. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4103.2.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Dean & Blake 2016</bibRefCitation>
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). Prostomium conical to rounded; peristomium elongate with pair of grooved dorsal tentacles arising either on or anterior to setiger 1. Anterior segments often expanded, crowded or uncrowded; abdominal segments sometimes beaded or moniliform in appearance; setae simple capillaries lacking distinct serrations using light microscopy but distinct fibrils may be visible using SEM; posterior end frequently expanded, tapering to a simple pygidial lobe.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C311298BFFFDA243FF66F9E4FEA3FABC" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BB47A00FFFDA242FF66F9E4FAB0F81F" blockId="8.[151,1436,1446,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFDA242FF66F9E4FEBEF9B7" bold="true" box="[199,315,1626,1651]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A07F1FFFDA242FEE4F9E4FE5EF9B7" author="Blake, J. A." box="[325,475,1626,1651]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="17 - 30" refId="ref82238" refString="Blake, J. A. (1991) Revision of some genera and species of Cirratulidae from the Western North Atlantic. Ophelia, 5 (Supplement), 17 - 30." type="journal article" year="1991">Blake (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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assigned bitentaculate cirratulid species having only simple, non-serrated capillary setae to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFDA242FED8F9C0FD96F953" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="1991" box="[377,531,1662,1687]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Aphelochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFDA242FED8F9C0FD96F953" box="[377,531,1662,1687]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Aphelochaeta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The species belonging to
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFDA242FCFBF9C0FC71F953" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="1991" box="[858,1012,1662,1687]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Aphelochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFDA242FCFBF9C0FC71F953" box="[858,1012,1662,1687]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Aphelochaeta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are among the most enigmatic and difficult to identify of all cirratulids because of the lack of obvious variability in setal morphology. However, there is considerable variation in body shape, details of the prostomium and peristomium, placement of the dorsal tentacles and anterior branchiae, presence or absence of dorsal and ventral grooves and ridges, form of the posterior end and pygidium, and Methyl Green staining patterns. Sometimes the capillaries do differ in thickness and length among species, but this is difficult to quantify and depict in a manner that enables readers of descriptions to distinguish one species from another. Additionally, the capillaries often exhibit numerous fibrils along the shaft, but these are best seen with SEM and difficult to observe in light microscopy. Despite the specific nature of different combinations of these characters, closely related species are usually difficult to distinguish from one another.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A07F1FFFDA242FAFAF820FF64F81F" author="Blake, J. A." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="263 - 384" refId="ref82272" refString="Blake, J. A. (1996) Chapter 8. Family Cirratulidae. In: Blake, J. A., Hilbig, B. & Scott, P. H. (Eds.), Taxonomic Atlas of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. Vol. 6. Annelida Part 3. Polychaeta: Orbiniidae to Cossuridae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, pp. 263 - 384." type="book chapter" year="1996">Blake (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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pointed out that it is usually only at the local or regional level that keys to species have any utility.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB47A00FFFCA243FF66FF26FD90FD6C" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A07F1FFFCA243FF66FF26FEF0FF74" author="Hartman, O." box="[199,373,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 158" refId="ref84944" refString="Hartman, O. (1966) Polychaeta Myzostomidae and Sedentaria of Antarctica. In: Antarctic Research Series. Vol. 7. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D. C., pp. 1 - 158, 46 pls., 5 charts. https: // doi. org / 10.1029 / AR 007" type="book chapter" year="1966">Hartman (1966</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A07F1FFFCA243FE21FF29FE3CFF74" author="Hartman, O." box="[384,441,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 387" refId="ref85003" refString="Hartman, O. (1967) Polychaetous annelids collected by the USNS Eltanin and Staten Island cruises, chiefly from Antarctic seas. Allan Hancock Monographs in Marine Biology, 2, 1 - 387, 51 pls." type="book chapter" year="1967">1967</bibRefCitation>
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) referred all bitentaculate cirratulids having only capillary setae and previously reported from
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<collectingCountry id="F31C3A90FFFCA243FF74FF02FECFFF11" box="[213,330,188,213]" name="Antarctica" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
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to
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FED1FF02FE45FF11" authorityName="Webster & Benedict" authorityYear="1887" box="[368,448,188,213]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Tharyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FED1FF02FE45FF11" box="[368,448,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tharyx</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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according to definitions then in use. Types of all the Antarctic species and most of the western South American species have been examined.
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FCB0FF61FBFEFF3C" authority="Monro, 1939" authorityName="Monro" authorityYear="1939" box="[785,1147,223,248]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Tharyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fusiformis">
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FCB0FF61FC5FFF3C" box="[785,986,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tharyx fusiformis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A07F1FFFCA243FC45FF5EFBFEFF3C" author="Monro, C. A." box="[996,1147,224,248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="89 - 156" refId="ref86273" refString="Monro, C. A. (1939) Polychaeta. Antarctic Research Expedition, 1929 - 1931. Reports, Series B (Zoology and Botany), 4 (4), 89 - 156, 28 figs. [Adelaide, Australia]" type="book chapter" year="1939">Monro, 1939</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, originally understood to have only capillary setae has been found to have spines in posterior setigers and is referred to a new genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FF36FE99FED3FE84" authority="Blake, 2018" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,342,295,320]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetocirratulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FF36FE99FED3FE84" box="[151,342,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chaetocirratulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FEC2FE99FE33FE84" bold="true" box="[355,438,295,320]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C1B69FFFCA243FEC2FE99FE33FE84" box="[355,438,295,320]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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and to synonymy with
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FD78FE97FB4BFE84" authority="Augener, 1932" authorityName="Augener" authorityYear="1932" box="[729,1230,295,320]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Heterocirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="andersenensis">
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FD78FE97FB91FE84" box="[729,1044,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Heterocirrus andersenensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A07F1FFFCA243FB81FE96FB4BFE84" author="Augener, H." box="[1056,1230,296,320]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref82018" refString="Augener, H. (1932) Antarktische und antiboreale Polychaeten nebst einer Hirudinee. Scientific Results of the Norwegian Antarctic Expeditions 1927 - 1928, 9, 1 - 86, 1 plate. Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo." type="book chapter" year="1932">Augener, 1932</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The
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<typeStatus id="54B0C4A2FFFCA243FAB7FE96FAFDFE84" box="[1302,1400,296,320]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FF36FEF2FE5FFEA0" authority="Monro, 1930" authorityName="Monro" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,474,332,357]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Tharyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="epitoca">
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FF36FEF2FEC5FEA0" box="[151,320,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tharyx epitoca</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A07F1FFFCA243FEE4FEF3FE5FFEA0" author="Monro, C. A." box="[325,474,332,356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 222" refId="ref86249" refString="Monro, C. A. (1930) Polychaete worms. Discovery Reports, 2, 1 - 222, 91 figs." type="book chapter" year="1930">Monro, 1930</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, were examined and also found to have spines in far posterior parapodia; the species is also referred to
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FEFDFED1FD9EFE4C" authority="Blake, 2018" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="2018" box="[348,539,367,392]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetocirratulus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FEFDFED1FD9EFE4C" box="[348,539,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chaetocirratulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FD8BFED1FD05FE4C" bold="true" box="[554,640,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C1B69FFFCA243FD8BFED1FD05FE4C" box="[554,640,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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The
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<typeStatus id="54B0C4A2FFFCA243FD66FED1FCACFE4C" box="[711,809,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FCFCFECFFAA4FE4C" authority="Ehlers, 1908" authorityName="Ehlers" authorityYear="1908" box="[861,1313,367,392]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Heterocirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cincinnatus">
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|
<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FCFCFECFFBF9FE4C" box="[861,1148,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Heterocirrus cincinnatus</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A07F1FFFCA243FB2BFED1FAA4FE4C" author="Ehlers, E." box="[1162,1313,367,392]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 168" refId="ref84285" refString="Ehlers, E. (1908) Die Bodensassignen Anneliden aus den Sammlungen der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. In: Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer Valdivia 1898 - 1899. Im Auftrage des Reichsamtes des Innern, herausgeben von Carl Chun, Professor der Zoologie in Leipzig, Leiter der Expedition. 16 (1). Gustav Fischer, Jena, pp. 1 - 168, 23 pls." type="book chapter" year="1908">Ehlers, 1908</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, has been examined. This species was originally described from the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands in the Indian Ocean, and has been reported widely from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31C3A90FFFCA243FDA0FE09FDF3FE14" box="[513,630,439,464]" name="Antarctica" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
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|
by numerous authors (usually as
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FC5CFE09FB52FE14" authorityName=": Bellan" authorityYear="1974" box="[1021,1239,439,464]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Tharyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cincinnatus">
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FC5CFE09FB52FE14" box="[1021,1239,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tharyx cincinnatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
or
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FAA3FE09FE88FE30" authorityName="Ehlers, Elongate" authorityYear="1908" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Aphelochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cincinnata">
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<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FAA3FE09FE88FE30" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Aphelochaeta cincinnata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
). However, it appears that this species is limited to subantarctic locations and the records from the high Antarctic belong to other species, mostly described herein. Due to errors in the original descriptions or misinterpretation of the published descriptions, each of the three species cited above have been misconstrued in the Antarctic ecological literature. As such, the published records of these species most certainly refer to other species described in the present study. These issues illustrate some of the problems with interpreting previous records of Antarctic bitentaculate cirratulids.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB47A00FFFCA243FF66FD0BFBDEFCD1" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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|
In the present study, 11 species of
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FDE6FD0AFD67FD09" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="1991" box="[583,738,692,717]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Aphelochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FDE6FD0AFD67FD09" box="[583,738,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Aphelochaeta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
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|
from South America and
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31C3A90FFFCA243FBA4FD0AFBFFFD09" box="[1029,1146,692,717]" name="Antarctica" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
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|
are treated; eight are new to science. Other undescribed species are also present in the South American and Antarctic collections but the specimens are few, incomplete, and not in sufficiently good condition to be described.
|
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</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="8BB47A00FFFCA243FF66FCA1FEA3FABC" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|
All seven species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FE15FCA1FDCAFCFC" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="1991" box="[436,591,799,824]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Aphelochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FE15FCA1FDCAFCFC" box="[436,591,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Aphelochaeta</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F31C3A90FFFCA243FD35FCA1FC8CFCFC" box="[660,777,799,824]" name="Antarctica" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
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|
reported herein are new to science and have proven to be especially difficult to separate from one another despite the availability of large numbers of specimens. Most specimens are incomplete, have lost tentacles and branchiae, and the morphology of the anterior and posterior ends has proven to be highly variable largely due to different methods of collection, handling, and damage or contraction during preservation. Contraction of the peristomium compresses the region where the dorsal tentacles and first branchiae are located, making these structures sometimes difficult to locate and to correctly define as being on the peristomium or first setiger. Shirlastain A or SEM is needed to better highlight the scars or stumps of these structures and careful study of the specimens is time consuming. The shape and size of the posterior end is often diagnostic, but this part of the body is usually missing. The presence of separated posterior ends in the samples is helpful, however. Only three species,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FDF3FBDAFD5FFBB9" authority="Blake, 2018" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="2018" box="[594,730,1124,1149]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Aphelochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="brandtae" status="sp. nov.">
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|
<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FDF3FBDAFD5FFBB9" box="[594,730,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. brandtae</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FD47FBDAFCACFBB9" bold="true" box="[742,809,1124,1149]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C1B69FFFCA243FD47FBDAFCACFBB9" box="[742,809,1124,1149]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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|
</emphasis>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FC9AFBDAFC45FBB9" authority="Blake, 2018" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="2018" box="[827,960,1124,1149]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Aphelochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hormosa" status="sp. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FC9AFBDAFC45FBB9" box="[827,960,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. hormosa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FC6AFBDAFB8BFBB9" bold="true" box="[971,1038,1124,1149]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C1B69FFFCA243FC6AFBDAFB8BFBB9" box="[971,1038,1124,1149]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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|
</emphasis>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FBF5FBDAFB6AFBB9" authority="Blake, 2018" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="2018" box="[1108,1263,1124,1149]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Aphelochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="spectabilis" status="sp. nov.">
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|
<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FBF5FBDAFB6AFBB9" box="[1108,1263,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. spectabilis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C1B69FFFCA243FB5BFBDAFAB9FBB8" box="[1274,1340,1124,1149]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FB5BFBDAFAB2FBB9" bold="true" box="[1274,1335,1124,1149]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">n. sp</emphasis>
|
|
.
|
|
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
, have a prominent and distinctive MG staining pattern on the pre-setiger region and/or the venter of anterior segments.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FF36FB12FE2CFB01" authority="Blake, 2018" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,425,1196,1221]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Aphelochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="dearborni" status="sp. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FF36FB12FE2CFB01" box="[151,425,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Aphelochaeta dearborni</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FE10FB12FE74FB01" bold="true" box="[433,497,1196,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C1B69FFFCA243FE10FB12FE74FB01" box="[433,497,1196,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FD8BFB12FD24FB01" authority="Blake, 2018" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="2018" box="[554,673,1196,1221]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Aphelochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="palmeri" status="sp. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FD8BFB12FD24FB01" box="[554,673,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. palmeri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FD0BFB12FD6FFB01" bold="true" box="[682,746,1196,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C1B69FFFCA243FD0BFB12FD6FFB01" box="[682,746,1196,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
each have a weak, diffuse staining pattern on the pre-setiger region, but other species have little or no staining pattern. Methyl Green does stain the thoracic segments of several species to differing degrees, but except for the prominent bands on the venter of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FB83FB4AFB23FAC9" authority="Blake, 2018" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="2018" box="[1058,1190,1268,1293]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Aphelochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="brandtae" status="sp. nov.">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FB83FB4AFB23FAC9" box="[1058,1190,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. brandtae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FB0FFB4AFB68FAC9" bold="true" box="[1198,1261,1268,1293]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C1B69FFFCA243FB0FFB4AFB68FAC9" box="[1198,1261,1268,1293]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
, this is of itself usually only a supporting character. Finally, the lack of distinctive setal morphology in species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C0B0183FFFCA243FAA3FAA9FA19FAF4" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="1991" box="[1282,1436,1303,1328]" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Aphelochaeta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B97FA612FFFCA243FAA3FAA9FA19FAF4" box="[1282,1436,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Aphelochaeta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
presents challenges in this genus and adds to the difficulty of distinguishing between the various Antarctic species in particular.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |