305 lines
36 KiB
XML
305 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="EFEE9B251255136247A22F452729DD8A" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.196146" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9aa29508-b2a2-4bb5-a21a-82f825b43417" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="196146" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460239629023" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shima, Hiroshi, Han, Ho-Yon & Tachi, Takuji" docDate="2010" docId="03A24868FFC3CE24FF7A34C8FDB229CB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02516p067.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2516" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pseudebenia epilachnae Shima & Han, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="FF9B3010FFC6CE2DFFED3065FF912859" masterDocTitle="Description of a new genus and six new species of Tachinidae (Diptera) from Asia and New Guinea" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1698240351336" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D6E3508B58E8C1DE4DC618C9EC06C7BC">
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<mods:title id="2A391809B7D9E879CF3CDEBFD3935780">Description of a new genus and six new species of Tachinidae (Diptera) from Asia and New Guinea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9928F523E42800407040CB2994F58B6F">Shima, Hiroshi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FEC8655348ED7D1B68F8E56B7B1952E7">Han, Ho-Yon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E0973FB6C1D236BD07709430B262A83E">Tachi, Takuji</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E4110A35C61E19DF019B810C745774E2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B58FF4820C0542356D0ED0181EB777D1">
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<mods:date id="AF5BA98D954BCD773975E86650A2CB90">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="69E95D03EC0F836D1BB11A9741B33741" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="CA0EDAD5049CC6DF8C49FCEA382D3820">2516</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="1F174A093C87296077258580F04C36E0">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="423A264548AD7E9BF0D41E1A3B108BC5" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.196146</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="584F467BEF1EB629FBC8D428FD038CB1" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="20C4F602D37488F3CDA9EBC1D4E1B46B" type="Zenodo-Dep">196146</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A24868FFC3CE24FF7A34C8FDB229CB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6205599" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119389482" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6205599" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A24868FFC3CE24FF7A34C8FDB229CB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A24868FFC3CE24FF7A34C8FDB229CB" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
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<subSubSection id="C311AAF5FFC3CE28FF7A34C8FE4A2CB3" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFC3CE28FF7A34C8FD4A2C9E" blockId="5.[151,731,1197,1258]" box="[151,731,1197,1223]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
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<heading id="D0FC4E12FFC3CE28FF7A34C8FD4A2C9E" bold="true" box="[151,731,1197,1223]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC3CE28FF7A34C8FD4A2C9E" bold="true" box="[151,731,1197,1223]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFC3CE28FF7A34C8FDE12C9E" ID-CoL="8DHWR" authority="Shima & Han" authorityName="Shima & Han" box="[151,624,1197,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Pseudebenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="epilachnae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC3CE28FF7A34C8FE2A2C9E" bold="true" box="[151,443,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Pseudebenia epilachnae</emphasis>
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Shima & Han
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C9817FFC3CE28FD9034C8FD4A2C9E" box="[637,731,1197,1223]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFC3CE28FF7A34B5FE4A2CB3" blockId="5.[151,731,1197,1258]" box="[151,475,1232,1258]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1330E5FBFFC3CE28FF7234B5FEB12CB3" box="[159,288,1232,1258]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 − 10" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[195,1402,473,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[170,1417,461,1905]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 6 − 10. Male terminalia of Pseudebenia epilachnae sp. nov. 6. Epandrium, cerci and surstylus in dorsal view. 7. Same in lateral view. 8. Hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite and phallus in lateral view. 9. Distiphallus in dorsal view. 10. 5 th sternite in ventral view. Scale, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196148/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Figs. 6−10</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1330E5FBFFC3CE28FEC034B5FEEB2CB3" box="[301,378,1232,1258]" captionStart="FIGURES 11 − 15" captionStartId="7.[151,271,1907,1931]" captionTargetBox="[339,1299,197,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[275,1322,162,1899]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 11 − 15. Female terminalia. 11. Female terminalia of Pseudebenia argyrosoma sp. nov. in lateral view. 12. Female terminalia of P. epilachnae sp. nov. in lateral view. 13. Epiproct and cerci of P. epilachnae sp. nov. in dorsal view. 14. Epiproct and cerci of P. t ris etos a in dorsal view. 15. Female terminalia of P. trisetosa in lateral view. Scale, 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196149/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">12−13</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1330E5FBFFC3CE28FE6A34B5FE422CB3" box="[391,467,1232,1258]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 − 46" captionStartId="17.[151,272,1269,1293]" captionTargetBox="[358,1245,346,1248]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[341,1248,346,1248]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 41 − 46. Pseudebenia epilachnae sp. nov. 41. Male head in anterolateral view. 42. Male habitus in lateral view. 43. Female head in anterolateral view. 44. Male habitus in lateral view. 45. Mummified host (Epilachna quadricollis) larva with fly puparium inside. 46. Puparium dissected out of mummified host larva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196155/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">41−46</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C311AAF5FFC3CE24FF7A357FFC5E28A5" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFC3CE28FF7A357FFAD72EF4" blockId="5.[151,1438,1306,2008]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Male. Head black in ground color, gena below eye pale brown; fronto-orbital plate, parafacial and face with silvery white pruinosity; gena, postorbit and occiput with dark grayish pruinosity, more blackish on upper occiput; antenna black; palpus black. Frons strongly narrowed on posterior 1/2; face about 3/4 as long as frons in profile, about 3/4 as wide as long at level of vibrissae; parafacial narrowed below, slightly more than 1/2 width of 1st flagellomere at middle height; gena about 1/5 of eye height. Inner vertical seta fine, about 3/5 as long as eye height; outer vertical seta indistinct; ocellar seta rather strong, nearly as long as inner vertical seta; fronto-orbital plate bare; 5−8 strong frontal setae, upper 1−2 setae fine and second lowest seta strongest, lowest seta nearly level with base of pedicel; genal dilation wholly with dense long and rather strong hairs; postocular setae long, very close to posterior margin of eye on upper 2/3. Antenna with pedicel bearing a long seta nearly as long as 1st flagellomere; 1st flagellomere about 3 times as long as pedicel; total width of arista including plumosity slightly narrower than 1st flagellomere. Palpus nearly as long as 1st flagellomere.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFC3CE28FF2836DCFB672FD4" blockId="5.[151,1438,1306,2008]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Thorax black, with thin grayish white pruinosity on posterodorsal portion of postpronotal lobe and notopleural area, grayish brown pruinosity on proepisternum, posterior portion of anepisternum, katepisternum, meron, anatergite and subscutellum. Hairs on dorsum rather dense, fine long and erect, longer on scutellum; 1 presutural acrostichal seta, no postsutural seta; 2 katepisternal setae; distance between bases of subapical scutellar setae about 2.5 times that between basal and subapical setae of corresponding side; apical scutellar seta subequal in length to subapical seta and about 2 times as long as scutellum.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFC3CE2BFF2837FCFE2A295B" blockId="5.[151,1438,1306,2008]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,152,407]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Wing hyaline, weakly tinged with pale brown along veins, the brownish tinge broad and more distinct on basal and anterior area; calypteres translucent pale brownish white, lower calypter darkened marginally, with short fringe. Costa between subcosta and vein R1 about 1/3 as long as that between veins R1 and R2+3; bend of vein M about 3 times closer to wing margin than to dm-cu crossvein; last section of vein CuA1 about 1/2 as long as dm-cu crossvein.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFC0CE2BFF283168FEE829CE" blockId="6.[151,1436,152,407]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Legs black, with thin grayish brown pruinosity on anterior portions of coxae; pulvilli pale brown. Fore tibia with 2 posterior setae; mid tibia with 1 anterodorsal and 4 posterodorsal setae; hind tibia with a row of anterodorsal setae of irregular length, 4−5 posterodorsal and 3 ventral setae. Claws and pulvilli slightly longer than 5th tarsomere.</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF74A9F6FFC0CE2BFF7A37E2FD192F87" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196148/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" targetBox="[195,1402,473,1905]" targetPageId="6">
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<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFC0CE2BFF7A37E2FD192F87" blockId="6.[151,1437,1927,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC0CE2BFF7A37E2FEC32FC6" bold="true" box="[151,338,1927,1951]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">FIGURES 6−10.</emphasis>
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Male terminalia of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFC0CE2BFDC537EDFCBD2FC6" box="[552,812,1928,1951]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Pseudebenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="epilachnae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC0CE2BFDC537EDFCBD2FC6" box="[552,812,1928,1951]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Pseudebenia epilachnae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC0CE2BFCD937E2FC342FC6" bold="true" box="[820,933,1927,1951]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C9817FFC0CE2BFCD937E2FC1B2FC6" box="[820,906,1927,1951]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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6.
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</emphasis>
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Epandrium, cerci and surstylus in dorsal view.
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC0CE2BFF7A37C2FF3A2FE6" bold="true" box="[151,171,1959,1983]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">7.</emphasis>
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Same in lateral view.
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC0CE2BFE7637C2FE3F2FE6" bold="true" box="[411,430,1959,1983]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">8.</emphasis>
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Hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite and phallus in lateral view.
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC0CE2BFBB637C2FBE12FE6" bold="true" box="[1115,1136,1959,1983]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">9.</emphasis>
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Distiphallus in dorsal view.
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC0CE2BFF7A37A2FF292F86" bold="true" box="[151,184,1991,2015]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">10.</emphasis>
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5th sternite in ventral view. Scale, 0.1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="DF74A9F6FFC1CE2AFF7A3716FF592FAC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196149/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" targetBox="[339,1299,197,1867]" targetPageId="7">
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<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFC1CE2AFF7A3716FF592FAC" blockId="7.[151,1436,1907,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC1CE2AFF7A3716FEF32FD2" bold="true" box="[151,354,1907,1931]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">FIGURES 11−15.</emphasis>
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Female terminalia.
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC1CE2AFDD23716FDCF2FD2" bold="true" box="[575,606,1907,1931]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">11.</emphasis>
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Female terminalia of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFC1CE2AFCB93711FBF92FD2" box="[852,1128,1908,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Pseudebenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="argyrosoma" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC1CE2AFCB93711FBF92FD2" box="[852,1128,1908,1931]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">Pseudebenia argyrosoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC1CE2AFB9D3716FB592FD2" bold="true" box="[1136,1224,1907,1931]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C9817FFC1CE2AFB9D3716FB592FD2" box="[1136,1224,1907,1931]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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in lateral view.
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC1CE2AFA973716FA0D2FD2" bold="true" box="[1402,1436,1907,1931]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">12.</emphasis>
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Female terminalia of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFC1CE2AFE6E37F2FD862FF7" box="[387,535,1943,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Pseudebenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="epilachnae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC1CE2AFE6E37F2FD862FF7" box="[387,535,1943,1966]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">P. epilachnae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC1CE2AFDF337F3FDE62FF7" bold="true" box="[542,631,1942,1966]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C9817FFC1CE2AFDF337F3FDE62FF7" box="[542,631,1942,1966]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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in lateral view.
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC1CE2AFCC437F3FCDB2FF7" bold="true" box="[809,842,1942,1966]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">13.</emphasis>
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Epiproct and cerci of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFC1CE2AFBAF37F2FB442FF7" box="[1090,1237,1943,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Pseudebenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="epilachnae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC1CE2AFBAF37F2FB442FF7" box="[1090,1237,1943,1966]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">P. epilachnae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC1CE2AFB3037F3FAA42FF7" bold="true" box="[1245,1333,1942,1966]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C9817FFC1CE2AFB3037F3FAA42FF7" box="[1245,1333,1942,1966]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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in dorsal view.
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC1CE2AFF3B37DCFF662F88" bold="true" box="[214,247,1977,2001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">14.</emphasis>
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Epiproct and cerci of
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC1CE2AFE0837DFFDC92F88" box="[485,600,1978,2001]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">P. t ris etos a</emphasis>
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in dorsal view.
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC1CE2AFCE837DCFCB62F88" bold="true" box="[773,807,1977,2001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">15.</emphasis>
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Female terminalia of
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFC1CE2AFBFF37DFFB192F88" box="[1042,1160,1978,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Pseudebenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trisetosa">
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<emphasis id="B97F256CFFC1CE2AFBFF37DFFB192F88" box="[1042,1160,1978,2001]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="56">P. trisetosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in lateral view. Scale, 0.1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFCECE25FF2830FDFED9291E" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Abdomen black, with thin whitish pruinosity on anterolateral 1/3 of 3rd tergite and on 1/2 of 4th tergite. Abdominal dorsum with dense fine and erect hairs; syntergite 1+2 with 1−2 fine lateral discal and 2 strong lateral marginal setae; 3rd tergite with 2 median discal, 2 lateral discal and a row of marginal setae, 2 median marginal setae slightly set forward; 4th and 5th tergites each with regularly set rows of strong discal and marginal setae.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFCECE25FF283137FCF62985" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Male terminalia: Pregonite with 2 setae, apical seta slightly shorter than phallus; surstylus rather broad in lateral view, dorsal margin convex near middle and weakly narrowed to blunt apex, without hair on outer surface; cerci in dorsal view nearly parallel-sided on basal 5/6, completely fused and mid dorsal suture obliterated on basal 1/2 and narrowly separated on apical 1/4.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFCECE25FF2B318DFDCE2B9B" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Female. Differing from male as follows: Head with dense silvery white pruinosity on lower fronto-orbital plate, face, parafacial, upper portion of gena and postorbit. Vertex about 2/9 of head width; frontal vitta nearly parallel-sided, about 2/3 as wide as fronto-orbital plate at middle. Inner vertical setae crossed apically, strong, about 3/5 as long as eye height; outer vertical seta about 2/3 as long as inner vertical seta; ocellar seta short and fine, slightly less than 1/3 length of inner vertical seta; 1 outwardly directed prevertical seta, as long as inner vertical seta; 2 proclinate orbital setae, anterior one slightly stronger and subequal in length to inner vertical seta; 3−4 inclinate frontal setae; fronto-orbital plate with a few short fine hairs on inner portion. Pedicel with a long seta at most 1/2 as long as 1st flagellomere; 1st flagellomere about 4 times as long as pedicel. Eye with sparse fine short hairs. Thorax with rather dense whitish pruinosity on median longitudinal portion of presutural scutum, postpronotal lobe and notopleural area, with thin grayish white pruinosity on proepisternum, posterior portion of anepisternum, entire katepisternum, meron, katatergite, anatergite and subscutellum. Calypteres white, lower calypter with short whitish fringe. Mid tibia with a strong v seta; claws and pulvilli shorter than 5th tarsomere.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFCECE25FF2833A8FB652C25" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Female terminalia: 6th tergite weakly sclerotized, divided into two rectangular hemitergites, with a row of hairs on posterior margin; 6th sternite rectangular, longer than 6th tergite, with strong hairs on posterior 1/2; 7th tergite absent, several short hairs on area of 7th tergite; 7th sternite weakly sclerotized, very short, with a row of hairs on posterior margin; 8th tergite absent; 8th sternite of rectangular sclerite, about 1/2 as long as 6th sternite; epiproct rather weakly sclerotized, with many fine and short hairs on posterior margin.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFCECE25FF2834EDFE6B2CFB" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2011]" box="[197,506,1160,1186]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Body length.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3549BFFCECE25FE8E34EDFE672CFB" box="[355,502,1160,1186]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.699999999999999" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="5.699999999999999" valueMax="5.8" valueMin="5.6">5.6−5.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFCECE25FF2834C8FB8E2D4B" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B047DCFFCECE25FF2834C8FEA72C9E" box="[197,310,1197,1223]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male, Mt. Yongmunsan, Yangpyeong-gun, Gyeonggi-do,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CB9EEFFCECE25FC1334C8FB0A2C9E" box="[1022,1179,1197,1223]" name="South Korea" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">South Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB5DFBEFFCECE25FB4534C8FAB32C9E" box="[1192,1314,1197,1223]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" value="1984-10-17">17.x.1984</date>
|
||
host coll. (parasitized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFCECE25FEC234B6FDDA2CB5" box="[303,587,1235,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Epilachna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadricollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCECE25FEC234B6FDDA2CB5" box="[303,587,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Epilachna quadricollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larva overwintering under ash tree,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFCECE25FBE134B6FA1E2CB5" authority="Hance" authorityName="Hance" box="[1036,1423,1234,1260]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Fraxinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhynchophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCECE25FBE134B6FAA52CB5" box="[1036,1332,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fraxinus rhynchophylla</emphasis>
|
||
Hance
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFB5DFBEFFCECE25FF7A349DFE9B2D4B" box="[151,266,1272,1298]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" value="1985-05-13">13.v.1985</date>
|
||
emerged ex mummified host larva, H.Y. Han & J.H. Lee (YSUW).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFCECE25FF283578FCE52DF2" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B047DCFFCECE25FF283578FEAA2D6E" box="[197,315,1309,1335]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: Same collecting data as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B047DCFFCECE25FD653578FD7E2D6E" box="[648,751,1309,1335]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
with the following emergence dates:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0D32F7FFCECE25FB4E3578FA912D6E" box="[1187,1280,1309,1335]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB5DFBEFFCECE25FAE63578FA102D6E" box="[1291,1409,1309,1335]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" value="1985-05-14">14.v.1985</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0D32F7FFCECE25FA603578FF7F2D39" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB5DFBEFFCECE25FF163523FE342D39" box="[251,421,1350,1376]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" value="1985-05-16" valueMax="1985-05-17" valueMin="1985-05-16">16−17.v.1985</date>
|
||
(BLKU).
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0D32F7FFCECE25FDC83523FDED2D39" box="[549,636,1350,1376]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0D32F7FFCECE25FD643523FC952D39" box="[649,772,1350,1376]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB5DFBEFFCECE25FCFF3523FC1E2D39" box="[786,911,1350,1376]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" value="1985-05-13">13.v.1985</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0D32F7FFCECE25FC703523FB9D2D39" box="[925,1036,1350,1376]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB5DFBEFFCECE25FBF43523FB072D39" box="[1049,1174,1350,1376]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" value="1985-05-14">14.v.1985</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0D32F7FFCECE25FB493523FA962D39" box="[1188,1287,1350,1376]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0D32F7FFCECE25FAF03523FA092D39" box="[1309,1432,1350,1376]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="female">6 females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB5DFBEFFCECE25FF7A350EFE8B2DDC" box="[151,282,1387,1413]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" value="1985-05-15">15.v.1985</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0D32F7FFCECE25FEC4350EFE3B2DDC" box="[297,426,1387,1413]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="female">8 females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB5DFBEFFCECE25FE54350EFDFC2DDC" box="[441,621,1387,1413]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" value="1985-05-16" valueMax="1985-05-17" valueMin="1985-05-16">16−17.v.1985</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0D32F7FFCECE25FD91350EFD6F2DDC" box="[636,766,1387,1413]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB5DFBEFFCECE25FCE1350EFC1D2DDC" box="[780,908,1387,1413]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" value="1985-05-18">18.v.1985</date>
|
||
(YSUW).
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0D32F7FFCECE25FBF4350EFB0B2DDC" box="[1049,1178,1387,1413]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||
, Sudo-san,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF3549BFFCECE25FADE350EFA092DDC" box="[1331,1432,1387,1413]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
|
||
, Gyongsangbuk-do,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CB9EEFFCECE25FE9335F4FE582DF2" box="[382,457,1425,1451]" name="South Korea" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFB5DFBEFFCECE25FE3935F4FDC72DF2" box="[468,598,1425,1451]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" value="1977-08-01">1.viii.1977</date>
|
||
, K. Yamagishi (BLKU).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFCECE25FF2835D3FBFF2EE9" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Biology. The newly reported host species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFCECE25FD5135D2FBBD2D89" authority="Dieke" authorityName="Dieke" box="[700,1068,1462,1488]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Epilachna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadricollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCECE25FD5135D2FC5A2D89" box="[700,971,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Epilachna quadricollis</emphasis>
|
||
(Dieke)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFCECE25FBD135D3FB502D89" box="[1084,1217,1462,1488]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFCECE25FB2335D3FAE52D89" box="[1230,1396,1462,1488]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coccinellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), is univoltine in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CB9EEFFCECE25FEDF35BEFEEB2DAC" box="[306,378,1499,1525]" name="South Korea" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
feeding on leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFCECE25FD9F35B9FD4D2DAC" box="[626,732,1500,1525]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Fraxinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCECE25FD9F35B9FD4D2DAC" box="[626,732,1500,1525]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fraxinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. and occasionally of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFCECE25FBEE35B9FBED2DAC" box="[1027,1148,1500,1525]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Ligustrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCECE25FBEE35B9FBED2DAC" box="[1027,1148,1500,1525]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Ligustrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. It is common to see characteristic feeding signs of these beetles on foliage of their preferred host,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFCECE25FBC53664FF212E19" authority="Hance. In" authorityName="Hance. In" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Fraxinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhynchophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCECE25FBC53664FAD32E43" box="[1064,1346,1537,1562]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fraxinus rhynchophylla</emphasis>
|
||
Hance. In
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Gyeonggi-do where most observations were made, pupation and adult emergence are believed to occur from late April to May and oviposition occurs mostly in July. Development from the egg to the 3rd larval instar takes about 40 days, and the 4th larval instar feeds until September, when abscission of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFCECE25FB373614FAD52ED3" box="[1242,1348,1649,1674]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Fraxinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCECE25FB373614FAD52ED3" box="[1242,1348,1649,1674]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Fraxinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
foliage begins. Fourth instar larvae overwinter in the 4th larval stadium under fallen leaves.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFCECE24FF2836DEFD4C288E" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2011]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,152,402]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Most specimens of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B047DCFFCECE25FE3E36DEFD942E8C" box="[467,517,1723,1749]" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFCECE25FD9936D9FC032E8C" box="[628,914,1724,1749]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Pseudebenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="epilachnae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCECE25FD9936D9FC032E8C" box="[628,914,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Pseudebenia epilachnae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were obtained during the survey of parasites of phytophagous coccinellid beetles in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CB9EEFFCECE25FD843684FD202EA2" box="[617,689,1761,1787]" name="South Korea" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
conducted by the Asian Parasite Laboratory (USDA). The life cycle of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFCECE25FF123762FE0E2F79" box="[255,415,1799,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Pseudebenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="epilachnae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCECE25FF123762FE0E2F79" box="[255,415,1799,1824]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">P. epilachnae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be well synchronized to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFCECE25FC4B3762FBC92F79" box="[934,1112,1799,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Epilachna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadricollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCECE25FC4B3762FBC92F79" box="[934,1112,1799,1824]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">E. quadricollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. At the end of June, it was observed that many early 2nd instar and a few late 1st instar beetle larvae had 1−3 tachinid eggs attached on their dorsum and these were almost certainly eggs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFCECE25FCEA3734FC342F33" box="[775,933,1873,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Pseudebenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="epilachnae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCECE25FCEA3734FC342F33" box="[775,933,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="57">P. epilachnae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The parasitoid overwinters as a 2nd instar in the overwintering host larva and resumes development the following spring. The late 3rd instar leaves its respiratory funnel and orients itself in the same direction as the host’s body. Soon after this reorientation, it protrudes its unusually long and forked posterior spiracles through the dorso-caudal part of the host’s integument and pupates in this position (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1330E5FBFFCFCE24FD6C30FDFC8428EB" box="[641,789,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 − 46" captionStartId="17.[151,272,1269,1293]" captionTargetBox="[358,1245,346,1248]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[341,1248,346,1248]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 41 − 46. Pseudebenia epilachnae sp. nov. 41. Male head in anterolateral view. 42. Male habitus in lateral view. 43. Female head in anterolateral view. 44. Male habitus in lateral view. 45. Mummified host (Epilachna quadricollis) larva with fly puparium inside. 46. Puparium dissected out of mummified host larva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196155/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Figs. 45, 46</figureCitation>
|
||
). At this time the host body becomes mummified. An adult fly emerges in about 20 days after pupation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFCFCE24FF283087FC5E28A5" blockId="9.[151,1436,152,402]" box="[197,975,226,252]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCFCE24FF283087FE9628A5" bold="true" box="[197,263,226,252]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Host.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFCFCE24FEE33087FDED28A5" authority="Dieke" authorityName="Dieke" box="[270,636,226,252]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Epilachna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadricollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCFCE24FEE33087FD8D28A2" box="[270,540,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Epilachna quadricollis</emphasis>
|
||
(Dieke)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFCFCE24FD663087FC8128A5" box="[651,784,226,252]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B82FDFFCFCE24FCF13087FC5228A5" box="[796,963,226,252]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coccinellidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C311AAF5FFCFCE24FF283162FD99297B" box="[197,520,263,290]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFCFCE24FF283162FD99297B" blockId="9.[151,1436,152,402]" box="[197,520,263,290]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCFCE24FF283162FEF42978" bold="true" box="[197,357,263,289]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CB9EEFFCFCE24FE81316DFD92297B" box="[364,515,264,290]" name="South Korea" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">South Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C311AAF5FFCFCE24FF283148FB19291E" box="[197,1160,301,327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFCFCE24FF283148FB19291E" blockId="9.[151,1436,152,402]" box="[197,1160,301,327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCFCE24FF283148FEC3291E" bold="true" box="[197,338,301,327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name is taken from the generic name of the host species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C311AAF5FFCFCE24FF283137FDB229CB" pageId="9" pageNumber="58" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB4F97EFFCFCE24FF283137FDB229CB" blockId="9.[151,1436,152,402]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCFCE24FF283137FEAE2935" bold="true" box="[197,319,338,364]" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species closely resembles
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F256CFFCFCE24FD513137FCBA2932" box="[700,811,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="58">P. f u s c a t a</emphasis>
|
||
, but may be distinguished from it by its paler lower calypter and almost hyaline wing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |