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<document id="EBB90C506C082405BD34208B92DCDFDF" ID-DOI="10.2478/if-2018-0001" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4586465" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1614969889443" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Cleal, Christopher J. &amp; Thomas, Barry A." docDate="2018" docId="03861853FFB7FFE4D98EFC7FFED7FA1C" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilImprint.74.1-2.9-28.pdf" docOrigin="Fossil Imprint 74 (1 - 2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634.4:FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634" docStyleName="FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Phyllites BRONGNIART" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="FFBF602BFFBCFFE8DA70F96EFFD5FF9F" masterDocTitle="Nomenclatural Status Of The Palaeobotanical “ Artificial Taxa ” Established In BrongniartS 1822 “ Classification ” Paper" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="9" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1698881448928" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title id="FF41EC5AB462DB3E6FA0B2B36F491C21">Nomenclatural Status Of The Palaeobotanical “ Artificial Taxa ” Established In BrongniartS 1822 “ Classification ” Paper</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1E8B15BB599949341AD3F729D8313E1A">Cleal, Christopher J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="00ACCBF4697C3EC6D53D5D84BEAB0A9B">Department of Biodiversity and Systematic Biology, National Museum Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff CF 10 3 NP, United Kingdom; e-mail: chris. cleal @ museumwales. ac. uk.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6CD907D745A3D3FBE060483A58F0D020">Thomas, Barry A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="14BD127D07F2D83F7DB365D0D9B8406C">Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Penglais, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY 201 NL, United Kingdom; e-mail: bat @ aber. ac. uk.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="A9751855F0D8A8A42C0D404A61B25FD5">Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="30644FFAEBDB48696FD8860725D113FE">2018</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C335FACEFFB7FFE3D98EFC7FFB3DFAB8" box="[1022,1256,1297,1321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFB7FFE3D98EFC7FFB3DFAB8" blockId="11.[1022,1256,1297,1321]" box="[1022,1256,1297,1321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
<heading id="D0D81E29FFB7FFE3D98EFC7FFB3DFAB8" box="[1022,1256,1297,1321]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB7FFE3D98EFC7FFB3DFAB8" authority="BRONGNIART" authorityName="BRONGNIART" box="[1022,1256,1297,1321]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Phyllites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB7FFE3D98EFC7FFB3DFAB8" bold="true" box="[1022,1256,1297,1321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB7FFE3D98EFC7FFB88FAB6" bold="true" box="[1022,1117,1297,1321]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">Phyllites</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB7FFE3DE14FC7FFB3DFAB8" bold="true" box="[1124,1256,1297,1321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">BRONGNIART</emphasis>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8B90A945FFB7FFE3DE48FC5FFB7AFAD6" blockId="11.[1080,1199,1329,1353]" box="[1080,1199,1329,1353]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
<figureCitation id="1314B5C0FFB7FFE3DE48FC5FFB7AFAD6" box="[1080,1199,1329,1353]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="8.[147,226,1872,1893]" captionText="Text-fig. 2. Illustrations from Brongniart (1822a, b) of specimens that remain legitimate taxonomic types of fossil-species. All same scale as in original plate unless otherwise stated. a, b) Filicites (Odontopteris) brardii BRONGNIART (≡ Odontopteris brardii (BRONGNIART) STERNBERG) (a × 0.5). c) Palmacites lamanonis BRONGNIART, Miocene Series, Aix-en-Provence, France, × 0.67. d) Sphenophyllites emarginatus BRONGNIART (≡ Sphenophyllum emarginatum (BRONGNIART) BRONGNIART). e) Fucoides strictus AGARDH ex BRONGNIART, Lile de Aix lignite mine, near La Rochelle, France. f) Phyllites populina BRONGNIART (≡ Populus populina (BRONGNIART) KNOBLOCH), Miocene Lagerstätte, Öhningen, Switzerland. g) Carpolithes thalictroidesBRONGNIART (≡ Stratiotes thalictroides (BRONGNIART) CHANDLER), upper Oligocene Calcaire de Beauce, Paris Basin, France. h) Antholithes liliacea BRONGNIART, Eocene Monte Bolca Lagerstätte in Veneto, Italy. i) Poacites carinata BRONGNIART, Pennsylvanian Subsystem." pageId="11" pageNumber="20">Text-fig. 2f</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFB7FFE3D944FC0EFB4EFAEA" blockId="11.[820,1179,1376,1397]" box="[820,1179,1376,1397]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
1822a
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB7FFE3D9F0FC0EFB99FAEC" authority="BRONGNIART" authorityName="BRONGNIART" box="[896,1100,1376,1397]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Phyllites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB7FFE3D9F0FC0EFC01FAEA" box="[896,980,1376,1397]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">Phyllites</emphasis>
BRONGNIART
</taxonomicName>
, p. 210.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFB7FFE3D92AFCE3FCABF9BA" blockId="11.[820,1459,1421,1573]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
Ty p e. Designated here.
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB7FFE3DE1BFCE3FCAEFA5A" authority="A. BRAUN, 1845, p. 169" authorityName="A. BRAUN" authorityPageNumber="169" authorityYear="1845" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latior">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB7FFE3DE1BFCE3FAD1FA3A" box="[1131,1284,1421,1445]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">Populus latior</emphasis>
A.
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB7FFE3DF53FCE3FA7AFA3A" author="Braun, A. C. H." box="[1315,1455,1421,1445]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" pagination="164 - 173" refId="ref15115" refString="Braun, A. C. H. (1845): Die Tertiar-Flora von Oningen. - Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefakten-Kunde, 1845: 164 - 173." type="journal article" year="1845">BRAUN, 1845</bibRefCitation>
, p. 169
</taxonomicName>
(figured
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB7FFE3D995FCC0FB89FA5A" author="Heer, O." box="[997,1116,1453,1477]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" refId="ref18165" refString="Heer, O. (1855): Flora Tertiaria Helvetiae, 1. - J. Wurster and Co., Winterthur, 117 pp." type="book" year="1855">Heer 1855</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 53, fig. 1); Loc.: Miocene Lagerstätte, Öhningen,
<collectingCountry id="F338E9D5FFB7FFE3DE4DFCA3FB15FA7A" box="[1085,1216,1485,1509]" name="Switzerland" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
; ≡
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB7FFE3DE9FFCA3FB57F99A" authority="(BRONGNIART) KNOBLOCH, 1964" authorityName="KNOBLOCH" authorityYear="1964" baseAuthorityName="BRONGNIART" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="populina">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB7FFE3DE9FFCA3FA66FA7A" box="[1263,1459,1485,1509]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">Populus populina</emphasis>
(BRONGNIART)
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB7FFE3D9BFFC80FB57F99A" author="Knobloch, E." box="[975,1154,1517,1541]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" pagination="597 - 603" refId="ref18546" refString="Knobloch, E. (1964): Haben Cinnamomum scheuchzeri HEER und Cinnamomum polymorphum (AL. BRAUN) HEER nomenklatorisch richtige Name? - Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Monatshefte, 1964 (10): 597 - 603." type="journal article" year="1964">KNOBLOCH, 1964</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
nom. illegit. see
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB7FFE3DF2EFC83FCAEF9BA" author="Doweld, A. B." pageId="11" pageNumber="20" refId="ref17489" refString="Doweld, A. B. (2017 b): Nomenclatural novelties and taxonomic changes for extant and fossil Populus (Salicaceae). - Kew Bulletin, 72 (3): Article 46 (5 pp.) https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12225 - 017 - 9718 - 1" type="book" year="2017">Doweld 2017b</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFB7FFE3D92AFF53FA65F9CB" blockId="11.[820,1456,1596,1653]" box="[858,1456,1596,1621]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">P l a n t F o s s i l N a m e s R e g i s t r y N u m b e r.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFB7FFE3D944FF33FB6DF9EB" blockId="11.[820,1456,1596,1653]" box="[820,1208,1628,1653]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
PFN0000147 (for
<typeStatus id="549417E7FFB7FFE3D988FF33FBF3F9EA" box="[1016,1062,1629,1653]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
designation).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFB7FFE3D92AFFE2FB38F95B" blockId="11.[820,1459,1676,1732]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">D i a g n o s i s. “Feuilles à nervures bien limitées, plusieurs fois divisées ou anastomosées.”</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFB7FFE4D92AFFB2FD31FD07" blockId="11.[820,1459,1755,2100]" lastBlockId="12.[128,771,151,1411]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">
D i s c u s s i o n. It has been widely assumed that
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB7FFE3D944FF95FBD7F88C" author="Brongniart, A." box="[820,1026,1787,1811]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" pagination="203 - 240" refId="ref15150" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 a): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. Introduction, Chapitre I. - Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 8: 203 - 240, pls 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1822">Brongniart (1822a)</bibRefCitation>
only included a single species (
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB7FFE3DF26FF95FC48F8AC" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Phyllites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="populinus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB7FFE3DF26FF95FC48F8AC" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">Phyllites populinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(“
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB7FFE3D9B2FE75FBF4F8AC" box="[962,1057,1819,1843]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="populina">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB7FFE3D9B2FE75FBF4F8AC" box="[962,1057,1819,1843]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">populina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”) BRONGNIART) in this genus (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB7FFE3D944FE55FC13F8CC" author="Kvacek, Z." box="[820,966,1851,1875]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" pagination="89 - 96" refId="ref18759" refString="Kvacek, Z. (2008): The role of types in palaeobotanical nomenclature. - Acta Musei nationalis Pragae, Series B, 64: 89 - 96." type="journal article" year="2008">Kvaček 2008</bibRefCitation>
) and that this was therefore the generic
<typeStatus id="549417E7FFB7FFE3DFF5FE52FA66F8CB" box="[1413,1459,1852,1876]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
(e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB7FFE3D91CFE35FBDBF8EC" author="Andrews, H. N." box="[876,1038,1883,1907]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 261" refId="ref14654" refString="Andrews, H. N. (1955): Index of generic names of fossil plants, 1820 - 1950. - US Geological Survey Bulletin, 1013: 1 - 261." type="journal article" year="1955">Andrews 1955</bibRefCitation>
). However, this species name was not validly published by
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB7FFE3DE56FE15FB2CF80C" author="Brongniart, A." box="[1062,1273,1915,1939]" pageId="11" pageNumber="20" pagination="203 - 240" refId="ref15150" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 a): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. Introduction, Chapitre I. - Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 8: 203 - 240, pls 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1822">Brongniart (1822a)</bibRefCitation>
as no diagnosis was provided and there is only a single outline drawing of a single leaf with partial indication of the venation (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB7FFE3DF4EFED5FCACF86B" author="Brongniart, A." pageId="11" pageNumber="20" pagination="203 - 240" refId="ref15150" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 a): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. Introduction, Chapitre I. - Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 8: 203 - 240, pls 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1822">Brongniart 1822a</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 3, fig. 4); the latter is totally inadequate to be regarded as “an illustration with analysis” that might validate the name through ICN, Art. 38.9 (the ICN Glossary defines an “analysis” as a “figure or group of figures, commonly separate from the main illustration of the organism … showing details aiding identification”). Moreover,
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB0FFE4DAF1F997FE5CFE8E" author="Brongniart, A." box="[129,393,249,273]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="203 - 240" refId="ref15150" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 a): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. Introduction, Chapitre I. - Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 8: 203 - 240, pls 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1822">Brongniart (1822a: 238)</bibRefCitation>
also mentioned a second species, which he later in the same work described and figured as
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4DAF1F854FE37FECE" authority="BRONGNIART" authorityName="BRONGNIART" box="[129,482,314,338]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Phyllites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multinervis">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4DAF1F854FE89FECD" box="[129,348,314,338]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Phyllites multinervis</emphasis>
BRONGNIART
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB0FFE4DB9FF854FD0DFECD" author="Brongniart, A." box="[495,728,314,338]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" refId="ref15205" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 b): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. - A. Belin, Paris, 91 pp., 6 pls." type="book" year="1822">Brongniart 1822b: 51</bibRefCitation>
; pl. 5, fig. 4).
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB0FFE4DA95F835FE64FEEC" author="Brongniart, A." box="[229,433,347,371]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="203 - 240" refId="ref15150" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 a): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. Introduction, Chapitre I. - Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 8: 203 - 240, pls 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1822">Brongniart (1822a)</bibRefCitation>
regarded this as rather different from
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4DACDF812FE97FE0C" box="[189,322,379,403]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Phyllites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="populinus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4DACDF812FE97FE0C" box="[189,322,379,403]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">P. populinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and later transferred it to another genus as
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4DAD2F8F2FECAFE4B" authority="(BRONGNIART) BRONGNIART, 1828 a, p. 114" authorityName="BRONGNIART" authorityPageNumber="114" authorityYear="1828" baseAuthorityName="BRONGNIART" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Potamophyllites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multinervis">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4DAD2F8F2FE06FE2B" box="[162,467,412,436]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Potamophyllites multinervis</emphasis>
(BRONGNIART)
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB0FFE4D80AF8F2FF11FE4B" author="Brongniart, A." pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 223" refId="ref15409" refString="Brongniart, A. (1828 a): Prodrome d'une Histoire des vegetaux fossiles. F. G. Levrault, Paris and Strasbourg, 223 pp [also published in Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles, 57: 1 - 223]." type="book chapter" year="1828">BRONGNIART, 1828a</bibRefCitation>
, p. 114
</taxonomicName>
. Nevertheless, because two species names were mentioned in
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB0FFE4DB3CF8B3FDCCFE6A" author="Brongniart, A." box="[332,537,477,501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="203 - 240" refId="ref15150" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 a): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. Introduction, Chapitre I. - Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 8: 203 - 240, pls 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1822">Brongniart (1822a)</bibRefCitation>
the generic diagnosis alone cannot be used to validate either
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4D84AF890FD14FD8A" box="[570,705,509,533]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Phyllites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="populinus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4D84AF890FD14FD8A" box="[570,705,509,533]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">P. populinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4D89CF890FF2DFDA9" authorityName="BRONGNIART" authorityYear="1828" baseAuthorityName="BRONGNIART" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Potamophyllites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multinervis">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4D89CF890FF2DFDA9" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">P. multinervis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Consequently, as neither species mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB0FFE4DAF0FB50FE87FDC9" author="Brongniart, A." box="[128,338,574,598]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="203 - 240" refId="ref15150" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 a): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. Introduction, Chapitre I. - Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 8: 203 - 240, pls 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1822">Brongniart (1822a)</bibRefCitation>
under
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4DBD5FB50FDD7FDC9" box="[421,514,574,598]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Phyllites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4DBD5FB50FDD7FDC9" box="[421,514,574,598]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Phyllites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was validly published there, neither can be regarded as the generic
<typeStatus id="549417E7FFB0FFE4D807FB31FD7DFDE8" box="[631,680,607,631]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
, and an alternative must therefore be designated (ICN, Art. 38.2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B90A945FFB0FFE4DAD6FBCEFED7FA1C" blockId="12.[128,771,151,1411]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">
Nevertheless, the principle behind Andrews (1955) suggestion makes considerable sense:
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB0FFE4D85DFBAEFCD5FD46" author="Brongniart, A." box="[557,768,704,729]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="203 - 240" refId="ref15150" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 a): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. Introduction, Chapitre I. - Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 8: 203 - 240, pls 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1822">Brongniart (1822a)</bibRefCitation>
clearly stated that his “
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4DBF7FB8FFD8DFD66" box="[391,600,737,761]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Phyllites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="populinus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4DBF7FB8FFD8DFD66" box="[391,600,737,761]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Phyllites populinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” was the only species that was fully compatible with
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4D837FA6CFD71FC85" box="[583,676,770,794]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Phyllites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4D837FA6CFD71FC85" box="[583,676,770,794]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Phyllites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and he used the specimen that he figured under that illegitimate species name to characterise the genus. This species was subsequently transferred to the extant genus
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4D8D8FA0DFD2AFCE4" box="[680,767,867,891]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4D8D8FA0DFD2AFCE4" box="[680,767,867,891]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Populus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. by
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB0FFE4DABCFAEAFE58FC03" author="Knobloch, E." box="[204,397,900,924]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="597 - 603" refId="ref18546" refString="Knobloch, E. (1964): Haben Cinnamomum scheuchzeri HEER und Cinnamomum polymorphum (AL. BRAUN) HEER nomenklatorisch richtige Name? - Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Monatshefte, 1964 (10): 597 - 603." type="journal article" year="1964">Knobloch (1964)</bibRefCitation>
; but, as pointed out by
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB0FFE4D8DBFAEAFF0DFC23" author="Doweld, A. B." pageId="12" pageNumber="21" refId="ref17489" refString="Doweld, A. B. (2017 b): Nomenclatural novelties and taxonomic changes for extant and fossil Populus (Salicaceae). - Kew Bulletin, 72 (3): Article 46 (5 pp.) https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12225 - 017 - 9718 - 1" type="book" year="2017">Doweld (2017b)</bibRefCitation>
, the resulting combination (
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4D846FACAFE05FC42" authority="(BRONGNIART) KNOBLOCH, 1964" authorityName="KNOBLOCH" authorityYear="1964" baseAuthorityName="BRONGNIART" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="populina">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4D846FACAFD2AFC23" box="[566,767,932,956]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Populus populina</emphasis>
(BRONGNIART)
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB0FFE4DB6BFAABFE05FC42" author="Knobloch, E." box="[283,464,965,989]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="597 - 603" refId="ref18546" refString="Knobloch, E. (1964): Haben Cinnamomum scheuchzeri HEER und Cinnamomum polymorphum (AL. BRAUN) HEER nomenklatorisch richtige Name? - Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Monatshefte, 1964 (10): 597 - 603." type="journal article" year="1964">KNOBLOCH, 1964</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) was pre-dated by
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4D8D8FAABFE78FC62" authority="JARMOLENKO, 1935" authorityName="JARMOLENKO" authorityYear="1935" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="populina">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4D8D8FAABFF35FC62" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Populus populina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB0FFE4DA97FA88FE78FC62" author="Jarmolenko, A. V." box="[231,429,997,1021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref18192" refString="Jarmolenko, A. V. (1935): Verkhne-melovaya flora Severo-Zapadnogo Kara-Tau [Late Cretaceous Flora from North-Western Kara-Tau]. - Acta Universitatis Asiae Mediae, Serie 8 B, 28: 1 - 36. (in Russian)" type="journal article" year="1935">JARMOLENKO, 1935</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and thus illegitimate. There is, however, another previously published species (
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4D8D8FD68FEB9FBA1" authority="A. BRAUN, 1845" authorityName="A. BRAUN" authorityYear="1845" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latior">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4D8D8FD68FF6EFBA1" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Populus latior</emphasis>
A.
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB0FFE4DAAEFD49FEB9FBA1" author="Braun, A. C. H." box="[222,364,1062,1086]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="164 - 173" refId="ref15115" refString="Braun, A. C. H. (1845): Die Tertiar-Flora von Oningen. - Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefakten-Kunde, 1845: 164 - 173." type="journal article" year="1845">BRAUN, 1845</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) that has very similar-shaped leaves to Brongniarts (1882a) “
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4DBFEFD29FD8EFBC0" box="[398,603,1095,1119]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Phyllites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="populinus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4DBFEFD29FD8EFBC0" box="[398,603,1095,1119]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Phyllites populinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” specimen and originated from the same locality (the Miocene Lagerstätte at Öhningen,
<collectingCountry id="F338E9D5FFB0FFE4DA88FDE6FEA9FB3F" box="[248,380,1160,1184]" name="Switzerland" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
). Since both the original Brongniart specimen of “
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4DB61FDC6FE08FB5F" box="[273,477,1192,1216]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Phyllites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="populinus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4DB61FDC6FE08FB5F" box="[273,477,1192,1216]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Phyllites populinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” and the
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB0FFE4D84FFDC7FD18FB5F" author="Braun, A. C. H." box="[575,717,1192,1216]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="164 - 173" refId="ref15115" refString="Braun, A. C. H. (1845): Die Tertiar-Flora von Oningen. - Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefakten-Kunde, 1845: 164 - 173." type="journal article" year="1845">Braun (1845)</bibRefCitation>
type of
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4DAECFDA4FF25FB7E" authorityName="A. BRAUN" authorityYear="1845" box="[156,240,1225,1249]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latior">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4DAECFDA4FF25FB7E" box="[156,240,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">P. latior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are lost,
<bibRefCitation id="EFBED4B4FFB0FFE4DB3FFDA7FE28FB7E" author="Doweld, A. B." box="[335,509,1225,1249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" refId="ref17489" refString="Doweld, A. B. (2017 b): Nomenclatural novelties and taxonomic changes for extant and fossil Populus (Salicaceae). - Kew Bulletin, 72 (3): Article 46 (5 pp.) https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12225 - 017 - 9718 - 1" type="book" year="2017">Doweld (2017b)</bibRefCitation>
proposed as
<typeStatus id="549417E7FFB0FFE4D8F6FDA7FD0FFB7E" box="[646,730,1225,1249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
for both species the same specimen, which also originated from Öhningen. As a consequence
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4DBB5FC65FD9EFABD" box="[453,587,1290,1314]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Phyllites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="populinus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4DBB5FC65FD9EFABD" box="[453,587,1290,1314]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">P. populinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
becomes a later homotypic (“nomenclatural”) synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4D821FC45FD7DFADD" authorityName="A. BRAUN" authorityYear="1845" box="[593,680,1322,1346]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latior">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4D821FC45FD7DFADD" box="[593,680,1322,1346]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">P. latior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and so we propose here that
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4DB13FC22FE62FAFC" authorityName="A. BRAUN" authorityYear="1845" box="[355,439,1355,1379]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latior">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4DB13FC22FE62FAFC" box="[355,439,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">P. latior</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be regarded as the type of
<taxonomicName id="4C2FD2C6FFB0FFE4DAEDFC05FF2FFA1C" box="[157,250,1387,1411]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Phyllites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95B7557FFB0FFE4DAEDFC05FF2FFA1C" box="[157,250,1387,1411]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Phyllites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>