205 lines
18 KiB
XML
205 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.717.21885" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7140b994-d67e-44a7-a4e1-daa7216c6b46" ID-PMC="PMC5784208" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-717-1" ID-PubMed="29391848" ID-ZBK="C19B43B1B3214CB1B1B2A246CEAC56BC" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-717-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 717" ModsDocTitle="Polyphyly of the traditional family Flabellinidae affects a major group of Nudibranchia: aeolidacean taxonomic reassessment with descriptions of several new families, genera, and species (Mollusca, Gastropoda)" checkinTime="1512083542653" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Korshunova, Tatiana, Martynov, Alexander, Bakken, Torkild, Evertsen, Jussi, Fletcher, Karin, Mudianta, I Wayan, Saito, Hiroshi, Lundin, Kennet, Michael Schroedl, & Picton, Bernard" docDate="2017" docId="5BBE457BDE02305318C565AC55D748B2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 717: 1-139" docOrigin="ZooKeys 717" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.717.21885" docTitle="Fjordia Korshunova, Martynov, Bakken, Evertsen, Fletcher, Mudianta, Saito, Lundin, Schroedl & Picton, 2017, gen. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="79C027AE-BB13-4C3D-B88F-31504263704D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FFED910FFFF5FFC82005844DFFF1FFA8" masterDocTitle="Polyphyly of the traditional family Flabellinidae affects a major group of Nudibranchia: aeolidacean taxonomic reassessment with descriptions of several new families, genera, and species (Mollusca, Gastropoda)" masterLastPageNumber="139" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1668165142384" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Polyphyly of the traditional family Flabellinidae affects a major group of Nudibranchia: aeolidacean taxonomic reassessment with descriptions of several new families, genera, and species (Mollusca, Gastropoda)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Korshunova, Tatiana</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Martynov, Alexander</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bakken, Torkild</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Evertsen, Jussi</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fletcher, Karin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mudianta, I Wayan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Saito, Hiroshi</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lundin, Kennet</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Michael Schroedl,</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Picton, Bernard</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>717</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>139</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.717.21885</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.717.21885</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-717-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">C19B43B1B3214CB1B1B2A246CEAC56BC</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C19B43B1B3214CB1B1B2A246CEAC56BC</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="137581552" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:79C027AE-BB13-4C3D-B88F-31504263704D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5BBE457BDE02305318C565AC55D748B2" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/79C027AE-BB13-4C3D-B88F-31504263704D" class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Fjordia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fjordia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Fjordia</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="24" pageNumber="25">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 21, 22, 23, 24
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Aeolis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aeolis lineata" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lineata">Aeolis lineata</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lovén">Loven</normalizedToken>
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, 1846.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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After the Norwegian word
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“fjord”">"fjord"</normalizedToken>
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because of the type locality of the Oslofjord and also this is a very common species at Gulen at the mouth of the Sognefjord, where many of the studied materials come from.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Body narrow. Notal edge present, moderately reduced, discontinuous. Cerata in several groups. Rhinophores smooth, similar in length or shorter than oral tentacles. Anterior foot corners present. Rachidian teeth with non-compressed cusp and distinct denticles. Lateral teeth denticulated with attenuated process basally. Separated distal and proximal receptaculum seminis. Vas deferens very short, expanding to a broad penial sheath. Penis broad, lobe-shaped.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="species included">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Species included.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Fjordia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fjordia browni" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="browni">Fjordia browni</taxonomicName>
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(Picton, 1980), comb. n. (original description in
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<bibRefCitation author="Picton, BE" journalOrPublisher="Irish Naturalists' Journal" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="15 - 19" title="A new species of Coryphella (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) from the British Isles." volume="20" year="1980">Picton 1980</bibRefCitation>
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) (Fig. 22),
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Fjordia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fjordia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Fjordia</taxonomicName>
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(?)
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Itaxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Itaxia capensis" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="capensis">capensis</taxonomicName>
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(Thiele, 1925), comb. n. (original description in
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<bibRefCitation pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Thiele 1925</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Fjordia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fjordia lineata" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lineata">Fjordia lineata</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lovén">Loven</normalizedToken>
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, 1846), comb. n. (original description in
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<bibRefCitation author="Loven, SL" journalOrPublisher="Vetenskaps Akademiens Forhandlinger, Stockholm" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="135 - 160" title="Index molluscorum litora Scandinaviae occidentalia habitantium. Oefversigt af Kongl." volume="5" year="1846">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lovén">Loven</normalizedToken>
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1846
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</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Fjordia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fjordia chriskaugei" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chriskaugei">Fjordia chriskaugei</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Fjordia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fjordia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Fjordia</taxonomicName>
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(?)
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Itaxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Itaxia insolita" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insolita">insolita</taxonomicName>
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(Garcia-Gomez & Cervera, 1989), comb. n. (original description in Garcia-Gomez and Cervera 1989).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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According to combined morphological and molecular evidence, the traditional species
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Coryphella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coryphella lineata" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lineata">Coryphella lineata</taxonomicName>
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was found to be a very heterogeneous species complex. This complex includes at least five species, which are clearly separated into two major clades according to molecular analysis (Figs 1, 2) and by the morphological data (presence or absence of continuous notal edge). According to these data two new genera are proposed for the former
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. lineata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="lineata">C. lineata</taxonomicName>
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complex. First is the group of narrow-bodied coryphellids with discontinuous notal edge which included the proper
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. lineata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="lineata">C. lineata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. browni" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="browni">C. browni</taxonomicName>
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, and a new species (see below); it is named as the new genus
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Fjordia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fjordia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Fjordia</taxonomicName>
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gen. n. The second group with a continuous notal edge includes two new species and the previously enigmatic species
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Coryphella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coryphella borealis" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="borealis">Coryphella borealis</taxonomicName>
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Odhner, 1922 (not to be confused with
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Paracoryphellidae" genus="Chlamylla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chlamylla borealis" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="borealis">Chlamylla borealis</taxonomicName>
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Bergh, 1886, see above), which represents specimens wrongly identified as
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Coryphella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coryphella gracilis" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gracilis">Coryphella gracilis</taxonomicName>
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in a barcoding project by
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<bibRefCitation author="Barco, A" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecological Resources" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="288 - 297" title="Identification of North Sea molluscs with DNA barcoding." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.12440" volume="16" year="2016">Barco et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
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and which have been fully investigated for the first time in the present studies (Fig. 25) including both morphological and molecular study (Figs 1, 2). Our sequences of real
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. borealis" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="borealis">C. borealis</taxonomicName>
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are identical to the above-mentioned wrongly identified
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. gracilis" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="gracilis">C. gracilis</taxonomicName>
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from GenBank. Real
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. gracilis" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="gracilis">C. gracilis</taxonomicName>
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has very different morphological features and this species is recovered in a completely different clade in our molecular tree (Figs 1, 2). These two clades, clearly delineated by morphology and molecular analysis are therefore named
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Fjordia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fjordia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Fjordia</taxonomicName>
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gen. n. (with discontinuous notal edge) and
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Gulenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gulenia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Gulenia</taxonomicName>
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gen. n. (with continuous notal edge).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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In this study it is also confirmed for the first time that the enigmatic
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. borealis" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="borealis">C. borealis</taxonomicName>
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Odhner, 1922 belongs to the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Gulenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gulenia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Gulenia</taxonomicName>
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according to integrative morphological and molecular studies (Figs 1, 2, 25). Both new genera share a similar reproductive system with a very short vas deferens and wide penis (Fig. 21), that imply a common ancestry, confirmed by molecular data (Figs 1, 2).
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Fjordia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fjordia browni" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="browni">Fjordia browni</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 22) unlike other species of the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Fjordia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fjordia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Fjordia</taxonomicName>
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does not possess both dorsal and lateral white lines, but the presence of rudimentary notal edges, shape of the radular teeth, short vas deferens, and broad penial lobe are consistent with
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<taxonomicName lsidName="F. lineata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="lineata">F. lineata</taxonomicName>
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. Molecular results place this species as sister to
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Fjordia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fjordia chriskaugei" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chriskaugei">Fjordia chriskaugei</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. and in a clade where other members have dorsal and lateral white lines. All studied specimens from the Gulen region demonstrate a high degree of uniformity both in body shape and colour. Originally described from the UK where specimens were significantly smaller than exemplars from Gulen, nevertheless it keeps all essential diagnostic characters; discontinuous notal ridge, complete absence of the white lines, and radular pattern. The specimens from Gulen measured up to 100 mm in length. According to the morphological data, we included two more species (the South African
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Coryphella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coryphella capensis" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="capensis">Coryphella capensis</taxonomicName>
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and western Mediterranean
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Flabellinidae" genus="Flabellina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Flabellina insolita" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="insolita">Flabellina insolita</taxonomicName>
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) in the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Coryphellidae" genus="Fjordia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fjordia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Fjordia</taxonomicName>
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, but further molecular data are necessary to confirm this.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |