818 lines
63 KiB
XML
818 lines
63 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.83.13623" ID-PMC="PMC5624207" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-83-103" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0357FFA6591FFFA0BA2F26194E37FFEA" ID-PubMed="29033652" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1138119" ModsDocID="1314-2003-83-103" checkinTime="1502744992794" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Taedoumg, Herman, Sonke, Bonaventure, Hamon, Perla & Block, Petra De" docDate="2017" docId="DE437E378F9CC7E3439FBAB0124A4104" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 83: 103-118" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 83" docPubDate="2017-07-21" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.83.13623" docTitle="Craterispermum gabonicum Taedoumg & De Block 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="0357FFA6591FFFA0BA2F26194E37FFEA" lastPageNumber="109" masterDocId="0357FFA6591FFFA0BA2F26194E37FFEA" masterDocTitle="Craterispermum capitatum and C. gabonicum (Rubiaceae): two new species from the Lower Guinean and Congolian Domains" masterLastPageNumber="118" masterPageNumber="103" pageNumber="105" updateTime="1668142013781" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Craterispermum capitatum and C. gabonicum (Rubiaceae): two new species from the Lower Guinean and Congolian Domains</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Taedoumg, Herman</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Bioversity International, P. O. Box 2008 Messa, Yaounde, Cameroon</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sonke, Bonaventure</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Plant Systematic and Ecology Lab, Higher Teacher's Training College, University of Yaounde I, PO Box 047, Yaounde, Cameroon</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hamon, Perla</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, UMR DIADE, 911 avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Block, Petra De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Botanic Garden Meise, Nieuwelaan 38, 1860 Meise, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2017-07-21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>83</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>103</mods:start>
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<mods:end>118</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.83.13623</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.83.13623</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-83-103</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">0357FFA6591FFFA0BA2F26194E37FFEA</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1138119</mods:identifier>
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||
</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="132649577" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE437E378F9CC7E3439FBAB0124A4104" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DE437E378F9CC7E3439FBAB0124A4104" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="2" pageNumber="105">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="105" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="105">
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<taxonomicName LSID="DE437E37-8F9C-C7E3-439F-BAB0124A4104" authority="Taedoumg & De Block" authorityName="Taedoumg & De Block" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Craterispermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Craterispermum gabonicum" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gabonicum" status="sp. nov.">Craterispermum gabonicum Taedoumg & De Block</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="105">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Craterispermum gabonicum. A Flowering branch (brevistylous morph) B Node with stipules and young inflorescences C Inflorescence (longistylous morph) D Inflorescence (corollas fallen) (brevistylous morph) E Bracteole (brevistylous morph) F Bracteole (longistylous morph) G Corolla (longistylous morph) H Longitudinal section of corolla (longistylous morph) I Corolla (brevistylous morph) J Longitudinal section of corolla (brevistylous morph) K Tip of corolla lobe showing subapical spike-like protuberance L Calyx (longistylous morph) M Calyx (brevistylous morph) N Immature fruit. A-B, D-E, G-H, M from Wieringa 1611 (WAG), C, F, I-K, L from Issembe 244 (WAG), N from Breteler 10979 (WAG). Drawn by Marijke Meersman." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13623.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/145961" pageId="2" pageNumber="105">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Distribution map of Craterispermum gabonicum." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13623.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/145962" pageId="2" pageNumber="105">, 4</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="106" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="106" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">
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Resembling
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ledermannii" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ledermannii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">C. ledermannii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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K. Krause, 1912 because of the large leaves and the often robust peduncles, but differing from this species by the subcapitate inflorescences (vs branched in
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ledermannii" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ledermannii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">C. ledermannii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), the notable dimorphism between flowers and inflorescences of the different flower morphs, the secondary nerves clearly ascending and forming acute angles with the midrib (vs secondary nerves more or less perpendicular to the midrib).
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="994513" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13623.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/145961" pageId="3" pageNumber="106" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Taedoumg & De Block" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Craterispermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Craterispermum gabonicum" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gabonicum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">Craterispermum gabonicum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">A</emphasis>
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Flowering branch (brevistylous morph)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">B</emphasis>
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Node with stipules and young inflorescences
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">C</emphasis>
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Inflorescence (longistylous morph)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">D</emphasis>
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Inflorescence (corollas fallen) (brevistylous morph)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">E</emphasis>
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Bracteole (brevistylous morph)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">F</emphasis>
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Bracteole (longistylous morph)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">G</emphasis>
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Corolla (longistylous morph)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">H</emphasis>
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Longitudinal section of corolla (longistylous morph)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">I</emphasis>
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Corolla (brevistylous morph)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">J</emphasis>
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Longitudinal section of corolla (brevistylous morph)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">K</emphasis>
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Tip of corolla lobe showing subapical spike-like protuberance
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">L</emphasis>
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Calyx (longistylous morph)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">M</emphasis>
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Calyx (brevistylous morph)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">N</emphasis>
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Immature fruit.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">A-B, D-E, G-H, M</emphasis>
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from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">Wieringa 1611</emphasis>
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(WAG),
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">C, F, I-K, L</emphasis>
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from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">Issembe 244</emphasis>
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(WAG), N from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">Breteler 10979</emphasis>
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(WAG). Drawn by Marijke Meersman.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="3" pageNumber="106" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="106">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1992-09-19" collectorName="J. J. Wieringa, J. B. Epoma" country="GABON" latitude="-1.9166667" location="Rabi-Kounga" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="9.866667" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ogooue-Maritime" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry name="Gabon">GABON</collectingCountry>
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.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué-Maritime">
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<collectingRegion country="Gabon" name="Ogooue-Maritime">Ogooue-Maritime</collectingRegion>
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</normalizedToken>
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:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE437E378F9CC7E3439FBAB0124A4104:BE85391210BEA64602B2A13730217D1E" country="GABON" latitude="-1.9166667" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="9.866667" name="Rabi-Kounga" stateProvince="Ogooue-Maritime">Rabi-Kounga</location>
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, ca.
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<locationDeviation location="Shell-camp">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
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N of Shell-camp
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</locationDeviation>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.9166667">1°55'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.866667">9°52'E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<collectingDate value="1992-09-19">19 September 1992</collectingDate>
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(fl),
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">
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<collectorName>J.J. Wieringa</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName>J.B. Epoma</collectorName>
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1611
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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WAG [WAG0233599], isotype WAG [WAG0233600])
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="3" pageNumber="106">
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Shrub or treelet,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="m" value="5.25" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5-9 m</quantity>
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tall; all vegetative and reproductive parts glabrous externally. Stems brownish, ca.
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="cm" value="8.0">8 cm</quantity>
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in diameter; young branches greenish or grayish,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="107" start="start">somewhat</pageBreakToken>
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granular in outlook. Stipules persistent, sheath
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="2.0">2-7 mm</quantity>
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long, keeled, subtruncate or with short awn <
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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long. Leaves petiolate; petioles canaliculate,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="0.7" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="7.0">7-19 mm</quantity>
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long; leaf blades narrowly elliptic or narrowly obovate, more rarely elliptic or obovate, 10.5-24
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" metricValueMax="7.2" metricValueMin="4.4" unit="cm" value="5.8" valueMax="7.2" valueMin="4.4">4.4-7.2 cm</quantity>
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, coriaceous, brownish or yellowish green and generally dull above, paler green or brown below; base cuneate; apex acuminate, acumen
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="0.8" unit="mm" value="12.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="8.0">8-16 mm</quantity>
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long; margins not revolute; midrib prominent below; secondary nerves 6-9 pairs, clearly ascending and forming acute angles with midrib, obscure on both surfaces; intersecondary venation moderately prominent above, obscure on lower surface, obscure to almost invisible on both surfaces in fresh condition. Inflorescences axillary to supra-axillary, borne up to
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
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above the nodes, erect, subcapitate to capitate, 4-19
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="5.0">5-20 mm</quantity>
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; peduncle subcylindrical to flattened (up to
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
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wide), robust, 1.5-4.5(-7) mm long. Inflorescences completely covered by imbricate outer bracts when young, medium green to greenish white (somewhat resembling an immature fruit); brevistylous and longistylous inflorescences dimorphous: brevistylous inflorescences very congested, 11.5-19
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.375" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.75" unit="mm" value="13.75" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="7.5">7.5-20 mm</quantity>
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||
, pauciflorous to multiflorous; bracts and bracteoles broadly triangular or ovate, 6-8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5-8 mm</quantity>
|
||
and 6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
respectively with rounded or rarely subtruncate apex and margins sometimes bearing sparse colleters; longistylous inflorescences less congested, 4-7
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.15" metricValueMax="9.1" metricValueMin="5.2" unit="mm" value="7.15" valueMax="9.1" valueMin="5.2">5.2-9.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, pauciflorous; bracts and bracteoles broadly triangular, ca. 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5-2 mm</quantity>
|
||
and 0.7-2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2 mm</quantity>
|
||
respectively with rounded or truncate apex and margins sometimes bearing sparse colleters. Flowers heterostylous, 5-merous, sessile; ovary and calyx pale green or whitish, somewhat violet tinged; corolla narrowly cylindrical, white; anthers and filaments white or whitish violet. Brevistylous flowers: Calyx with tube (1.5-)
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3-5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, sometimes bearing sparse colleters at the base inside; lobes (0.3-0.6)-
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, apex acute, obtuse or rounded, margins sometimes bearing sparse colleters. Corolla with tube
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="6.0">6-12 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, pubescent in the throat and upper half inside; lobes
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3-6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, covered with short hairs at the base inside, tips acute. Stamens inserted ca.
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
below the level of the throat, completely exserted from or only bases included in corolla tube at anthesis; anthers
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.1" unit="mm" value="2.05" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.1">1.1-3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; filaments
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.0">1-2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Ovary
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.85" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.5">0.5-1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Style and stigma included in corolla tube at anthesis,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="5.75" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="4.0">4-7.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; stigma bilobed, stigmatic lobes
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5-2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Longistylous flowers: Calyx with tube
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1-1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; lobes triangular,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5-0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long sometimes bearing sparse colleters at the base inside. Corolla with tube
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4-5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, pubescent in the throat and upper third inside; lobes
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.5" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5-4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, densely pubescent at the base inside, tips acute. Stamens inserted ca.
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
below the level of the throat; completely included in the corolla tube or only the apices exserted at anthesis; anthers
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" unit="mm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.8">1.8-2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; filaments <
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Ovary ca.
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Style and stigma exserted from the corolla tube at anthesis, ca.
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; stigma bilobed, stigmatic lobes ca.
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Fruits sessile, urceolate, ca. 16
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, colour at maturity unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="4" pageNumber="107" type="taxonomic affinities">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="107">Taxonomic affinities.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="4" pageNumber="107">
|
||
This species is atypical in the genus because of the flower and inflorescence dimorphism. However, it somewhat resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ledermannii" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="107" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ledermannii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="107">C. ledermannii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of the large leaf blades and the often robust peduncles. It differs from this species by its subcapitate inflorescences (vs mostly branched in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ledermannii" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="107" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ledermannii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="107">C. ledermannii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), its secondary
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="108" start="start">nerves</pageBreakToken>
|
||
clearly ascending and forming acute angles with the midrib (vs more or less perpendicular to the midrib in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ledermannii" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ledermannii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">C. ledermannii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and by the fact that its inflorescences are completely covered by imbricate outer bracts when young (somewhat resembling an immature fruit) (vs never completely covered in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ledermannii" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ledermannii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">C. ledermannii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="108" type="phenology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Flowers: March-May and August-November. Fruits: February, April and August-December.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="108" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Taedoumg & De Block" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Craterispermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Craterispermum gabonicum" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gabonicum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Craterispermum gabonicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is endemic to Gabon. It grows in primary forest but also in humid secondary forest between 150 and 400 m elevation (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Distribution map of Craterispermum gabonicum." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13623.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/145962" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="994515" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13623.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/145962" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution map of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Taedoumg & De Block" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Craterispermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Craterispermum gabonicum" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gabonicum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Craterispermum gabonicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="108" type="vernacular names and uses">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Vernacular names and uses.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="108" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">
|
||
IUCN status:-Vulnerable: VU B2(iii). The extent of occurrence (EOO) of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. gabonicum" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gabonicum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">C. gabonicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is 80,847.46 km², and its area of occupancy (AOO) is 60 km² using a cell width of 2 km. The species is distributed in 7 or 8 subpopulations, 2 of which are located in protected areas: in Wonga
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Wongué">Wongue</normalizedToken>
|
||
Forest Reserve in
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué-Maritime">Ogooue-Maritime</normalizedToken>
|
||
Division and on the edge of the Loango National Park in West Gabon. The Wonga
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Wongué">Wongue</normalizedToken>
|
||
Forest Reserve is subject, these last years, to a very strong pressure from uncontrolled anthropomorphic activities (illegal exploitation of the resources as well as degradation of the ecosystems as a result of oil exploitation). Habitat loss outside and inside the protected areas is a serious threat for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. gabonicum" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gabonicum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">C. gabonicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="108" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">This species is named after the country to which it is currently endemic.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" type="critical notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Critical notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">
|
||
Within this species flowers and inflorescences are very variable in shape and size, more so than in other species of the genus. This variability seems to be
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">a priori</emphasis>
|
||
correlated with the heterostyly, which is present in all species of the genus. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. gabonicum" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gabonicum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">C. gabonicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not only show the reciprocal stigma and anther position and the pollen dimorphism typical for heterostylous species and present in all continental African
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1849" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Craterispermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Craterispermum" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Craterispermum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but a further dimorphism occurs at flower and at inflorescence level. The corolla tube of brevistylous flowers is longer and wider than that of longistylous flowers (6-12 mm
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
ca. 3 vs 4-5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.5-2 mm) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Craterispermum gabonicum. A Flowering branch (brevistylous morph) B Node with stipules and young inflorescences C Inflorescence (longistylous morph) D Inflorescence (corollas fallen) (brevistylous morph) E Bracteole (brevistylous morph) F Bracteole (longistylous morph) G Corolla (longistylous morph) H Longitudinal section of corolla (longistylous morph) I Corolla (brevistylous morph) J Longitudinal section of corolla (brevistylous morph) K Tip of corolla lobe showing subapical spike-like protuberance L Calyx (longistylous morph) M Calyx (brevistylous morph) N Immature fruit. A-B, D-E, G-H, M from Wieringa 1611 (WAG), C, F, I-K, L from Issembe 244 (WAG), N from Breteler 10979 (WAG). Drawn by Marijke Meersman." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13623.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/145961" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">3 H-I, K-L</figureCitation>
|
||
). Brevistylous flowers generally also have longer and wider calyx tubes than longistylous flowers [(1.5-)3-5 mm vs 1-2 mm long) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Craterispermum gabonicum. A Flowering branch (brevistylous morph) B Node with stipules and young inflorescences C Inflorescence (longistylous morph) D Inflorescence (corollas fallen) (brevistylous morph) E Bracteole (brevistylous morph) F Bracteole (longistylous morph) G Corolla (longistylous morph) H Longitudinal section of corolla (longistylous morph) I Corolla (brevistylous morph) J Longitudinal section of corolla (brevistylous morph) K Tip of corolla lobe showing subapical spike-like protuberance L Calyx (longistylous morph) M Calyx (brevistylous morph) N Immature fruit. A-B, D-E, G-H, M from Wieringa 1611 (WAG), C, F, I-K, L from Issembe 244 (WAG), N from Breteler 10979 (WAG). Drawn by Marijke Meersman." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13623.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/145961" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">3J-G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Except for the length of the filaments, possible size differences in anthers and stigmatic lobes could not conclusively be observed. In regard to the inflorescences, those with brevistylous flowers comprise more flowers than those with longistylous ones (multiflorous vs pauciflorous, respectively)(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Craterispermum gabonicum. A Flowering branch (brevistylous morph) B Node with stipules and young inflorescences C Inflorescence (longistylous morph) D Inflorescence (corollas fallen) (brevistylous morph) E Bracteole (brevistylous morph) F Bracteole (longistylous morph) G Corolla (longistylous morph) H Longitudinal section of corolla (longistylous morph) I Corolla (brevistylous morph) J Longitudinal section of corolla (brevistylous morph) K Tip of corolla lobe showing subapical spike-like protuberance L Calyx (longistylous morph) M Calyx (brevistylous morph) N Immature fruit. A-B, D-E, G-H, M from Wieringa 1611 (WAG), C, F, I-K, L from Issembe 244 (WAG), N from Breteler 10979 (WAG). Drawn by Marijke Meersman." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13623.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/145961" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">3C-D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Furthermore, bracts and bracteoles are larger in inflorescences with brevistylous flowers than in inflorescences with longistylous flowers (6-8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
5-8 mm and ca. 6
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
3 mm respectively vs ca. 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.5-2 mm and 0.7-2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
1-2 mm) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Craterispermum gabonicum. A Flowering branch (brevistylous morph) B Node with stipules and young inflorescences C Inflorescence (longistylous morph) D Inflorescence (corollas fallen) (brevistylous morph) E Bracteole (brevistylous morph) F Bracteole (longistylous morph) G Corolla (longistylous morph) H Longitudinal section of corolla (longistylous morph) I Corolla (brevistylous morph) J Longitudinal section of corolla (brevistylous morph) K Tip of corolla lobe showing subapical spike-like protuberance L Calyx (longistylous morph) M Calyx (brevistylous morph) N Immature fruit. A-B, D-E, G-H, M from Wieringa 1611 (WAG), C, F, I-K, L from Issembe 244 (WAG), N from Breteler 10979 (WAG). Drawn by Marijke Meersman." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.83.13623.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/145961" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">3E-F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="108">
|
||
These differences in size are unknown in heterostylous species but are typical for certain dioecious ones (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1998.tb00335.x" author="Pailler, T" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="10" pageNumber="113" pagination="297 - 313" refId="B17" refString="Pailler, T, Humeau, L, Figier, J, Thompson, JD, 1998. Reproductive trait variation in the functionally dioecious and morphologically heterostylous island endemic Chassalia corallioides (Rubiaceae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 64: 297 - 313, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1998.tb00335.x" title="Reproductive trait variation in the functionally dioecious and morphologically heterostylous island endemic Chassalia corallioides (Rubiaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1998.tb00335.x" volume="64" year="1998">Pailler et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00338.x" author="Lantz, H" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="10" pageNumber="113" pagination="257 - 283" refId="B13" refString="Lantz, H, Bremer, B, 2004. Phylogeny inferred from morphology and DNA data: characterizing well-supported groups in Vanguerieae (Rubiaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 146: 257 - 283, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00338.x" title="Phylogeny inferred from morphology and DNA data: characterizing well-supported groups in Vanguerieae (Rubiaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00338.x" volume="146" year="2004">Lantz and Bremer 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364407783390746" author="Mouly, A" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="10" pageNumber="113" pagination="883 - 887" refId="B15" refString="Mouly, A, Achille, F, 2007. The enigmatic Rhopalobrachium fragrans transferred to Cyclophyllum (Rubiaceae). Systematic Botany 32: 883 - 887, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364407783390746" title="The enigmatic Rhopalobrachium fragrans transferred to Cyclophyllum (Rubiaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364407783390746" volume="32" year="2007">Mouly and Achille 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In several plant groups dioecy has been shown to have evolved from heterostyly, with the functionally male flowers derived from the brevistylous and the functionally female flowers from the longistylous morphs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1980.tb04055.x" author="Beach, JH" journalOrPublisher="Evolution" pageId="9" pageNumber="112" pagination="1138 - 1142" refId="B5" refString="Beach, JH, Bawa, KS, 1980. Role of pollinators in the evolution of dioecy from distyly. Evolution 34: 1138 - 1142, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1980.tb04055.x" title="Role of pollinators in the evolution of dioecy from distyly." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1980.tb04055.x" volume="34" year="1980">Beach and Bawa 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This is also the case for certain
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1849" family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verdc" authorityYear="1983" baseAuthorityName="Cordem." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Chassalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chassalia corallioides" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="corallioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Chassalia corallioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Cordem.) Verdc. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1998.tb00335.x" author="Pailler, T" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="10" pageNumber="113" pagination="297 - 313" refId="B17" refString="Pailler, T, Humeau, L, Figier, J, Thompson, JD, 1998. Reproductive trait variation in the functionally dioecious and morphologically heterostylous island endemic Chassalia corallioides (Rubiaceae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 64: 297 - 313, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1998.tb00335.x" title="Reproductive trait variation in the functionally dioecious and morphologically heterostylous island endemic Chassalia corallioides (Rubiaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1998.tb00335.x" volume="64" year="1998">Pailler et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Miq" authorityYear="1867" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Mussaenda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mussaenda parviflora" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parviflora">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Mussaenda parviflora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Miq. (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-1984.1999.00021.x" author="Naiki, A" journalOrPublisher="Plant Species Biology" pageId="10" pageNumber="113" pagination="217 - 227" refId="B16" refString="Naiki, A, Kato, M, 1999. Pollination system and evolution of dioecy from distyly in Mussaenda parviflora (Rubiaceae). Plant Species Biology 14: 217 - 227, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-1984.1999.00021.x" title="Pollination system and evolution of dioecy from distyly in Mussaenda parviflora (Rubiaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-1984.1999.00021.x" volume="14" year="1999">Naiki and Kato 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The size difference in flowers and inflorescences observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. gabonicum" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gabonicum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">C. gabonicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also reported from certain dioecious species. Fewer flowers per inflorescence are found in individuals with female flowers than in individuals with male flowers in dioecious species of the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Vanguerieae">Vanguerieae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00338.x" author="Lantz, H" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="10" pageNumber="113" pagination="257 - 283" refId="B13" refString="Lantz, H, Bremer, B, 2004. Phylogeny inferred from morphology and DNA data: characterizing well-supported groups in Vanguerieae (Rubiaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 146: 257 - 283, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00338.x" title="Phylogeny inferred from morphology and DNA data: characterizing well-supported groups in Vanguerieae (Rubiaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2004.00338.x" volume="146" year="2004">Lantz and Bremer 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364407783390746" author="Mouly, A" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="10" pageNumber="113" pagination="883 - 887" refId="B15" refString="Mouly, A, Achille, F, 2007. The enigmatic Rhopalobrachium fragrans transferred to Cyclophyllum (Rubiaceae). Systematic Botany 32: 883 - 887, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364407783390746" title="The enigmatic Rhopalobrachium fragrans transferred to Cyclophyllum (Rubiaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364407783390746" volume="32" year="2007">Mouly and Achille 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Also, in certain dioecious species, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verdc" authorityYear="1983" baseAuthorityName="Cordem." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Chassalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chassalia corallioides" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="corallioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">Chassalia corallioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1998.tb00335.x" author="Pailler, T" journalOrPublisher="Biological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="10" pageNumber="113" pagination="297 - 313" refId="B17" refString="Pailler, T, Humeau, L, Figier, J, Thompson, JD, 1998. Reproductive trait variation in the functionally dioecious and morphologically heterostylous island endemic Chassalia corallioides (Rubiaceae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 64: 297 - 313, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1998.tb00335.x" title="Reproductive trait variation in the functionally dioecious and morphologically heterostylous island endemic Chassalia corallioides (Rubiaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1998.tb00335.x" volume="64" year="1998">Pailler et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) male flowers have longer corolla tubes than female flowers. We therefore suggest that a trend towards functional dioecy could be the explanation for the dimorphism in flowers and inflorescences in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. gabonicum" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gabonicum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">C. gabonicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with the flowers being morphologically heterostylous but functionally dioecious or evolving towards this condition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="5" pageNumber="108">
|
||
It is very difficult to verify this hypothesis without field studies, especially since mature flowers of both morphs and mature fruits are rare on the available herbarium material and no fixed flower material was available for detailed morphological and anatomical studies. With hardly any fruit set, it is impossible to know whether only one (brevistylous) or both morphs set fruit. Furthermore, both morphs produce viable pollen (based on morphological characters) although anthers are somewhat larger and pollen more abundant in the brevistylous morph. While the calyx tube is much longer in the brevistylous morph, this is not the case for the ovaries, which rather are somewhat reduced. All ovaries of brevistylous flowers contained ovules, but these too seemed somewhat reduced in size. Because of the lack of available plant material with
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="109" start="start">mature</pageBreakToken>
|
||
flowers and fruits, it is impossible to demonstrate with certainty the hypothesis stated here that dioecy in some form is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. gabonicum" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gabonicum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">C. gabonicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The species would certainly be an ideal species for field studies focusing on breeding system and reproductive ecology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="109" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="109">Additional specimens examined</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus>paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
).
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1963-06-03" collectingDateMax="2013-11-24" collectingDateMin="1963-06-03" collectorName="H. P. Bourobou Bourobou, G. Niang-Essouma, T. Nzabi, F. J. Breteler, J. Breteler, C. C. H. Jongkind, J. Wieringa, J. M. Moussavou, C. C. H Jongkind., B. J. M. Breteler, Klein Breteler, J. Nang, O. Pascal, J. Choo, J. J. F. E. De Wilde, N. Halle, Y. Issembe, Concession Murel, Prom, du Lac Ezanga, O. Lachenaud, D. Ikabanga, E. Akouangou, J. Y. Serein, E. Bidault, A. Boupoya, J. D. D. Kaparadi, A. M. Louis, F. Breteler, J. De Bruijn, D. Nguema, H. Memiague, P. Bissiemou, E. Mounoumou, G. Moussavou, L. Tchignoumba, D. Bikissa, M. W. Mbanding, J. M. Reitsma, B. Reitsma, I. Van Nek, J. van Valkenburg, L. Ngok Banak, Layon D, C. M. Wilks" country="GABON" county="Ogooe-Maritime" elevation="51" latitude="-1.0833334" location="Rabi" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="10.233334" municipality="Toucan" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Moyen-Ogooue">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Gabon">GABON</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooé-Maritime">
|
||
<collectingCounty>Ogooe-Maritime</collectingCounty>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Toucan</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.7833333">1°47'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.883333">9°53'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2002-05-29">29 May 2002</collectingDate>
|
||
(fl bud),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>H.P. Bourobou Bourobou</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>G. Niang-Essouma</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>T. Nzabi</collectorName>
|
||
623
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(K, MO, P, WAG);
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Lambarene">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="50.0">50 km</quantity>
|
||
SE of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lambaréné">Lambarene</normalizedToken>
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="4" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.0666667">1°4'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="10.5">10°30'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1968-09-30">30 September 1968</collectingDate>
|
||
(fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>F.J. Breteler</collectorName>
|
||
5747
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BR, K, MO, WAG);
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE437E378F9CC7E3439FBAB0124A4104:4D034A149D90E6844B99CBAB0B0D3AD0" country="GABON" county="Ogooe-Maritime" latitude="-1.0833334" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="10.233334" municipality="Toucan" name="Rabi" stateProvince="Moyen-Ogooue">Rabi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.9166667">1°55'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.833333">9°50'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1990-03-24">24 March 1990</collectingDate>
|
||
(st),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>J. Breteler</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>C.C.H. Jongkind</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J. Wieringa</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>J.M. Moussavou</collectorName>
|
||
9437
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BR, WAG); about
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Lastoursville">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
E of Lastoursville
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.6666667">0°40'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="east" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="13.0">13°00'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1991-11-20">20 November 1991</collectingDate>
|
||
(fl bud),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>F. J. Breteler</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>C.C.H. Jongkind</collectorName>
|
||
10609
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(WAG);
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Ndjole">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.5" unit="km" value="17.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="5.0">5-30 km</quantity>
|
||
NNW of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ndjolé">Ndjole</normalizedToken>
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="5" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.083333336">0°5'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="10.75">10°45'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1992-04-21">21 April 1992</collectingDate>
|
||
(f bud, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>F.J. Breteler</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>C.C.H Jongkind.</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>J. Wieringa</collectorName>
|
||
10979
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(WAG);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Moyen-Ogooué">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Gabon" name="Moyen-Ogooue">Moyen-Ogooue</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
, ca.
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Ndjole">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="km" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20-30 km</quantity>
|
||
NNW of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ndjolé">Ndjole</normalizedToken>
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="3" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.05">0°3'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="10.75">10°45'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1994-10-01">1 October 1994</collectingDate>
|
||
(fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>F.J. Breteler</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>B.J.M. Breteler</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Klein Breteler</collectorName>
|
||
13110
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(WAG);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué-Maritime">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Gabon" name="Ogooue-Maritime">Ogooue-Maritime</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE437E378F9CC7E3439FBAB0124A4104:E6B9DD207FE84CDA0A3B1E1FC37A2F89" country="GABON" county="Ogooe-Maritime" latitude="-1.0833334" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="10.233334" municipality="Toucan" name="Rabi-Kounga" stateProvince="Moyen-Ogooue">Rabi-Kounga</location>
|
||
, route
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE437E378F9CC7E3439FBAB0124A4104:4748B67F2ABDA361698A0649B9F5DA26" country="GABON" county="Ogooe-Maritime" latitude="-1.0833334" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="10.233334" municipality="Toucan" name="Divangui" stateProvince="Moyen-Ogooue">Divangui</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.9">1°54'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.766666">9°46'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1998-07-14">14 July 1998</collectingDate>
|
||
(fl bud),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>F.J. Breteler</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J.M. Moussavou</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J. Nang</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>O. Pascal</collectorName>
|
||
14428
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(WAG);
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE437E378F9CC7E3439FBAB0124A4104:F1DC5E31A3B80F2A702592AC2EB63ECD" country="GABON" county="Ogooe-Maritime" latitude="-1.0833334" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="10.233334" municipality="Toucan" name="Rabi" stateProvince="Moyen-Ogooue">Rabi</location>
|
||
51,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.9166667">1°55'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.883333">9°53'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2007-03-01">1 March 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
(st),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>J. Choo</collectorName>
|
||
1042
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BR); about
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Doussala">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
NW of Doussala
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
, in the direction of
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE437E378F9CC7E3439FBAB0124A4104:C38244A18257D6CD4CCC77812D795B58" country="GABON" county="Ogooe-Maritime" latitude="-1.0833334" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="10.233334" municipality="Toucan" name="Bongo" stateProvince="Moyen-Ogooue">Bongo</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-2.6333332">2°38'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="11.633333">11°38'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1988-03-16">16 March 1988</collectingDate>
|
||
(fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>J.J.F.E. De Wilde</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>C.C.H. Jongkind</collectorName>
|
||
9392
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BR, K, MO, WAG);
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE437E378F9CC7E3439FBAB0124A4104:2536AFB53EA1446AD58797B643B33390" country="GABON" county="Ogooe-Maritime" latitude="-1.0833334" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="10.233334" municipality="Toucan" name="Abanga" stateProvince="Moyen-Ogooue">Abanga</location>
|
||
, chantier C.E.T.A.
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.2">0°12'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="10.183333">10°11'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1963-06-03">3 June 1963</collectingDate>
|
||
(st),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
N.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hallé">Halle</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
2170
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(P);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Moyen-Ogooué">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Gabon" name="Moyen-Ogooue">Moyen-Ogooue</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE437E378F9CC7E3439FBAB0124A4104:9E8AF3D623BB68DD5CE8AE9C3D156209" country="GABON" county="Ogooe-Maritime" latitude="-1.0833334" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="10.233334" municipality="Toucan" name="Camp Mboumi" stateProvince="Moyen-Ogooue">Camp Mboumi</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.41666666">0°25'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="10.833333">10°50'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1999-09-01">1 September 1999</collectingDate>
|
||
(fl),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>Y. Issembe</collectorName>
|
||
244
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(WAG);
|
||
<collectorName>Concession Murel</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>Prom</collectorName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="près">pres</normalizedToken>
|
||
<collectorName>du Lac Ezanga</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="5" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.0833334">1°5'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="10.216666">10°13'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" unit="m" value="51.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" unit="m" value="51.0">51 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2013-11-24">24 November 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
(st),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>O. Lachenaud</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>D. Ikabanga</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>E. Akouangou</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>J.Y. Serein</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>E. Bidault</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>Y. Issembe</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>A. Boupoya</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>J.D.D. Kaparadi</collectorName>
|
||
1609
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BRLU);
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Forestry Camp Waka">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
SE of Forestry Camp Waka
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
, situated ca.
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Sindara">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="km" value="32.0">32 km</quantity>
|
||
SE of Sindara
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE437E378F9CC7E3439FBAB0124A4104:E1F137E3B9022F0BB97992A266F6E508" country="GABON" county="Ogooe-Maritime" latitude="-1.0833334" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="10.233334" municipality="Toucan" name="Waka River" stateProvince="Moyen-Ogooue">Waka River</location>
|
||
basin,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.2333333">1°14'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="10.883333">10°53'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1983-12-10">10 December 1983</collectingDate>
|
||
(fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>A.M. Louis</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>F. Breteler</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>J. De Bruijn</collectorName>
|
||
1248
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(WAG); Rabi (parcelle Smithsonian) code dans la parcelle: CRATGF,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.9166667">1°55'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="9.866667">9°52'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="30.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="30.0">30m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2011-03-18">18 March 2011</collectingDate>
|
||
(st),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>D. Nguema</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>H. Memiague</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>P. Bissiemou</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>E. Mounoumou</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>G. Moussavou</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>L. Tchignoumba</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>D. Bikissa</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>M.W. Mbanding</collectorName>
|
||
1311
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BRLU); chantier CEB, ca.
|
||
<locationDeviation location="Doussala">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="50.0">50 km</quantity>
|
||
SW of Doussala
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-2.6">2°36'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="10.583333">10°35'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1985-08-21">21 August 1985</collectingDate>
|
||
(fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>J.M. Reitsma</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>B. Reitsma</collectorName>
|
||
1342
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BR, WAG); at logging site of CBG, ca.
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
||
beyond checkpoint Divangui,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.8333333">1°50'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="east" minutes="0" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="10.0">10°0'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="1990-10-29">29 October 1990</collectingDate>
|
||
(fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>I. Van Nek</collectorName>
|
||
152
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(WAG);
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Gabon" name="Nyanga">Nyanga</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE437E378F9CC7E3439FBAB0124A4104:5006B25492B08F5E435FECB99D8113D7" country="GABON" county="Ogooe-Maritime" latitude="-1.0833334" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="10.233334" municipality="Toucan" name="Moukalaba Doudou National Park" stateProvince="Moyen-Ogooue">Moukalaba Doudou National Park</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-2.7333333">2°44'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="10.5">10°30'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2004-02-20">20 February 2004</collectingDate>
|
||
(fl, fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>J. van Valkenburg</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>L. Ngok Banak</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName>
|
||
Y.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Issembé">Issembe</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName>T. Nzabi</collectorName>
|
||
2872
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BR, K, WAG);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Moyen-Ogooué">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Gabon" name="Moyen-Ogooue">Moyen-Ogooue</collectingRegion>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Ezanga,
|
||
<collectorName>Layon D</collectorName>
|
||
ouest,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="5" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.0833334">1°5'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="10.233334">10°14'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, sd (fl)
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<collectorName>C.M. Wilks</collectorName>
|
||
2466
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(WAG)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |