282 lines
27 KiB
XML
282 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="15F7944769B29505851B07923BDE04ED" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3916.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a769b646-ed6a-4028-827b-98312f729588" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="23022" ID-ZooBank="15384700-9D9B-4F77-AA0B-FA6DA317BCCB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460977036922" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tucker, Erika M., Chapman, Eric G. & Sharkey, Michael J." docDate="2015" docId="DE19B25C84637649FF2BF90D9D4325C6" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03916p083.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3916 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Cremnops crassifemur Muesebeck" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="2220CA24844D7679FFBCFFA89F7F2432" masterDocTitle="A revision of the New World species of Cremnops Förster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae)" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1698559752775" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="194CF7F8C7471822DB164DAB471D3BEA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E67D8891DE6E77F480753DD72B0F7178">
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<mods:title id="DA8033762C550727186D43CA0369A191">A revision of the New World species of Cremnops Förster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="698D7FE9E081BF763979450FA6AD6670" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="9101D22F6CB74B64144A6CCA960D12FB">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B3B702062FB495A9287B008C04BCBC54">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="EF37A3924830374D52112D9521AEE8A3">Tucker, Erika M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="CC379CA84E021537D5ED12C9B7336B5A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="866E3683426604B4762D3EABF266446F">Chapman, Eric G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="51DB616FD32BC2C2C206D59C590A6428" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="807E12521BC6DACC9C8234AC4A44C47E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4DA63ED5FFAD430D289902D9AB6AC67A">Sharkey, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5EB1305056C1C3B6DBE84A36B281DB4D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="3B72901D88CEA307399DEA07A13E8C98">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="324F4B2B7C17D630488B1233DA8FEEA3">
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<mods:date id="E7D6A3441B4D7A64FD5596022A400F66">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="941F3761986626780B39E4B7B6630643">3916</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="6850A900A959A4C816A01CA0FB64CF92" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3916.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="DE19B25C84637649FF2BF90D9D4325C6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5658841" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127844036" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5658841" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE19B25C84637649FF2BF90D9D4325C6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DE19B25C84637649FF2BF90D9D4325C6" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<subSubSection id="1EAA50C184637657FF2BF90D9D1F2314" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="560F034A84637657FF2BF90D9D2F22F2" blockId="46.[151,592,1701,1761]" box="[151,592,1701,1728]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<heading id="0D47B42684637657FF2BF90D9D2F22F2" bold="true" box="[151,592,1701,1728]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="91B078C984637657FF2BF90D9D2F22F2" ID-CoL="ZC3T" authority="Muesebeck" authorityName="Muesebeck" box="[151,592,1701,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassifemur">
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884637657FF2BF90D9D2F22F2" bold="true" box="[151,592,1701,1728]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884637657FF2BF90D9ED6228D" bold="true" box="[151,425,1701,1727]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Cremnops crassifemur</emphasis>
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(Muesebeck)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="560F034A84637657FF2BF9609E1822D3" blockId="46.[151,592,1701,1761]" box="[151,359,1736,1761]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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[
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<figureCitation id="CE8B1FCF84637657FF21F9609F9022D3" box="[157,239,1736,1761]" captionStart="PLATE 9" captionStartId="47.[151,234,1024,1046]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,179,1007]" captionTargetId="figure@47.[153,1438,179,1007]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="PLATE 9. Cremnops crassifemur. A. lateral habitus; B. dorsal habitus; C. lateral head with scape insert; D. mesopleuron; E. mesoscutum; F. face; G. wings; H. propodeum; I. hind leg with distal tibial spines insert." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399023/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Plate 9</figureCitation>
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, Figs A–I]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="560F034A84637657FF2BF8BA9D1F2314" blockId="46.[151,608,1808,1831]" box="[151,608,1808,1831]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName id="91B078C984637657FF2BF8BA9D642314" authority="Muesebeck, 1927" authorityName="Muesebeck" authorityYear="1927" box="[151,539,1808,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Bracon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassifemur">
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884637657FF2BF8BA9E202314" box="[151,351,1808,1831]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Bracon crassifemur</emphasis>
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Muesebeck, 1927
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</taxonomicName>
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. Male.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1EAA50C184637657FF2BF8FB9F972386" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="560F034A84637657FF2BF8FB9F972386" blockId="46.[151,1436,1875,2008]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884637657FF2BF8FB9E75235E" bold="true" box="[151,266,1875,1900]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. This species is easily distinguished by its relatively large size, spine-like projection on the scape, excessive number of distal hind tibial spines (20–35), and relatively broad hind femur (femur length only ~
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<date id="220E258A84637657FAE1F8D09A0523A2" box="[1373,1402,1912,1936]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">2x</date>
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its width).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1EAA50C184637656FF7BF8179A7F22E0" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="description">
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<paragraph id="560F034A84637657FF7BF8179CF323EA" blockId="46.[151,1436,1875,2008]" box="[199,908,1983,2008]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884637657FF7BF8179E2E23EA" bold="true" box="[199,337,1983,2008]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Description</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="890BBDE884637657FEE3F8179EB323EA" box="[351,460,1983,2008]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: male. Body length
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<quantity id="9148AEAF84637657FD17F8179C7E23E5" box="[683,769,1983,2008]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
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(
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<quantity id="9148AEAF84637657FCACF8689CFF23EA" box="[784,896,1984,2008]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="9.0">9–11 mm</quantity>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="02CF53C284627656FF2BFBA89B642006" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399023/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" targetBox="[153,1436,179,1007]" targetPageId="47">
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<paragraph id="560F034A84627656FF2BFBA89B642006" blockId="47.[151,1435,1024,1076]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FF2BFBA89E7B2024" bold="true" box="[151,260,1024,1046]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">PLATE 9.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FEB0FBA99E882024" box="[268,503,1024,1046]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName id="91B078C984627656FEB0FBA99E8C2024" box="[268,499,1024,1046]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassifemur">Cremnops crassifemur</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FE41FBA89D692024" bold="true" box="[509,534,1024,1046]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">A.</emphasis>
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lateral habitus;
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FD00FBA89DAC2024" bold="true" box="[700,723,1024,1046]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">B.</emphasis>
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dorsal habitus;
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FCC5FBA89CEE2024" bold="true" box="[889,913,1024,1046]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C.</emphasis>
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lateral head with scape insert;
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FB6FFBA89B932024" bold="true" box="[1235,1260,1024,1046]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">D.</emphasis>
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mesopleuron;
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FA38FBA89AE42024" bold="true" box="[1412,1435,1024,1046]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">E.</emphasis>
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mesoscutum;
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FE9FFBB69E4B2006" bold="true" box="[291,308,1054,1076]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">F.</emphasis>
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face;
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FEC8FBB69EF72006" bold="true" box="[372,392,1054,1076]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">G.</emphasis>
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wings;
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FE67FBB69E8A2006" bold="true" box="[475,501,1054,1076]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">H.</emphasis>
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propodeum;
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FDC0FBB69DF32006" bold="true" box="[636,652,1054,1076]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">I.</emphasis>
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hind leg with distal tibial spines insert.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="560F034A84627656FF7BFBFE9C9720E9" blockId="47.[151,1437,1110,2035]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FF7BFBFE9E7B205D" box="[199,260,1110,1135]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Head</emphasis>
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(Figs C & F). Antennae broken on
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<typeStatus id="890BBDE884627656FD2FFBF09DBC2042" box="[659,707,1112,1136]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
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specimen, 40–45 flagellomeres. Acute dorsoapical projection on scape present. Lateral carina of frons strong, ending immediately anteriad lateral ocellus. Interocellar space not elevated, level with (or higher than) lateral ocelli. Malar space 1.0–1.5x eye height. Apical tooth of mandible extending well past margin of basal lobe, often appearing as one long tooth.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="560F034A84627656FF7BFB409BC62181" blockId="47.[151,1437,1110,2035]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName id="91B078C984627656FF7BFB409E4020CD" box="[199,319,1256,1279]" class="Crustacea" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FF7BFB409E4020CD" box="[199,319,1256,1279]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Mesosoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Figs D, E & H). Subpronopes adjacent, separated by a partition wider than the longitudinal length of the dorsomedial portion of pronotum. Median mesonotal lobe weakly depressed medially, or not depressed medially. Notaulus smooth. Scutellar sulcus with 1 longitudinal carina.
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<collectingCountry id="2EA743DA84627656FC06FA869C8D2175" box="[954,1010,1326,1351]" name="India" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Hind</collectingCountry>
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margin of posterolateral scutal flange not prominent; rather: 90° to obtuse (to lobed). Mesoscutellar trough without longitudinal carinae laterally. Metanotal trough without extensive longitudinal carinae laterally. Sternaulus with 1–2 pits. Discrimen smooth. Medial propodeal areola with (2–4) transverse carinae. Metapleuron rugose on ventral margin.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="560F034A84627656FF7BFA169DE2222D" blockId="47.[151,1437,1110,2035]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FF7BFA169E5321E5" box="[199,300,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<collectingCountry id="2EA743DA84627656FF7BFA169F8021E5" box="[199,255,1470,1495]" name="India" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Hind</collectingCountry>
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leg
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</emphasis>
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(Fig. I). Femur length about 1.5–
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<date id="220E258A84627656FD06FA169DB721E5" box="[698,712,1470,1495]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">2</date>
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x width. Trochantellar carina absent. Distal tibia covered with (20–35) spines. Claw missing on
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<typeStatus id="890BBDE884627656FDADFA4B9D3E21C9" box="[529,577,1507,1531]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
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specimen, inner tooth of inner and outer claws asymmetrical, broad, angled quadrangular-shaped, with 4–5 basal pectines.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="560F034A84627656FF7BF9849A7B2255" blockId="47.[151,1437,1110,2035]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FF7BF9849E452271" box="[199,314,1580,1603]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fore wing</emphasis>
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(Fig. G). Melanic; veins melanic; stigma melanic. 2nd submarginal cell slightly higher than wide to as high as wide. Hyaline spot in anterior part of 1st submarginal cell and basal part of 2nd discal cell.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="560F034A84627656FF7BF9DC9AE822B9" blockId="47.[151,1437,1110,2035]" box="[199,1431,1650,1675]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FF7BF9DC9E4322B9" box="[199,316,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Metasoma</emphasis>
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(Figs A & B). 1st median tergite length about 1.3x apical width, apical width about
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<date id="220E258A84627656FB50F9DB9A7722B9" box="[1260,1288,1651,1675]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">2x</date>
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basal width.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="560F034A84627656FF7BF93E9A7F22E0" blockId="47.[151,1437,1110,2035]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FF7BF93E9E35229D" box="[199,330,1686,1711]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Body Color</emphasis>
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Orange, except black as follows: head, pronotum, anterior mesoscutum, mesopleuron (sometimes only half), tegula, posterior scutal flange, fore and mid leg, hind trochanter, trochantellus, and tarsus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1EAA50C184627649FF7BF9769C4124E6" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="560F034A84627656FF7BF9769E8A22C5" blockId="47.[151,1437,1110,2035]" box="[199,501,1758,1783]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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||
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FF7BF9769E5822C5" bold="true" box="[199,295,1758,1783]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Biology.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FE91F9489E1D22C5" box="[301,354,1760,1783]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Host</emphasis>
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—Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="560F034A84627656FF7BF8AA9A2B23B5" blockId="47.[151,1437,1110,2035]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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||
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FF7BF8AA9EE62329" box="[199,409,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Associated Plants</emphasis>
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—flowering plants:
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<taxonomicName id="91B078C984627656FD2EF8AA9D882329" box="[658,759,1794,1819]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Psoralea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FD2EF8AA9D882329" box="[658,759,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Psoralea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
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L. (legume family),
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<taxonomicName id="91B078C984627656FBB0F8AA9A772328" authority="Nutt." authorityName="Nutt." box="[1036,1288,1794,1819]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Chrysothamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FBB0F8AA9BC32329" box="[1036,1212,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Chrysothamnus</emphasis>
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Nutt.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(sagebrush) (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984627656FF22F88F9E64230D" box="[158,283,1831,1855]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
family) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984627656FE13F88E9DD1230D" authority="Cassnini" authorityName="Cassnini" box="[431,686,1830,1855]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Haplopappus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FE13F88E9D39230D" box="[431,582,1830,1855]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Haplopappus</emphasis>
|
||
Cassnini
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984627656FD02F88F9C44230D" box="[702,827,1831,1855]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
family) (misspelled Applopappus on the label) [from label data].
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984627656FEA3F8E29EB02351" box="[287,463,1866,1891]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Chrysothamnus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FEA3F8E29EB02351" box="[287,463,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Chrysothamnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known to be a host plant of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984627656FC87F8E29BDB2351" authority="Fuchs" authorityName="Fuchs" box="[827,1188,1866,1891]" class="Insecta" family="Coleophoridae" genus="Coleophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="linosyridella">
|
||
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FC87F8E29B272351" box="[827,1112,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Coleophora linosyridella</emphasis>
|
||
Fuchs
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984627656FB62F8E39E5D23B5" authority="Walsingham" authorityName="Walsingham" class="Insecta" family="Coleophoridae" genus="Coleophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viscidiflorella">
|
||
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FB62F8E39AE32351" box="[1246,1436,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">C. viscidiflorella</emphasis>
|
||
Walsingham
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984627656FE8DF8C69EC023B5" box="[305,447,1902,1927]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984627656FE74F8C69D0D23B5" box="[456,626,1902,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Coleophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coleophoridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984627656FD08F8C69B5623B5" authority="H. Edwards" authorityName="H. Edwards" box="[692,1065,1902,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walsinghami">
|
||
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FD08F8C69CE123B5" box="[692,926,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Schinia walsinghami</emphasis>
|
||
H. Edwards
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984627656FB84F8C69BB923B5" box="[1080,1222,1902,1927]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984627656FB6CF8C69A3623B5" box="[1232,1353,1902,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="560F034A84627656FF7BF83A9E2423C1" blockId="47.[151,1437,1110,2035]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FF7BF83A9EF62399" box="[199,393,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Adults Collected</emphasis>
|
||
—April, July-September, December (California). While most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984627656FBC8F83B9B992398" box="[1140,1254,1939,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884627656FBC8F83B9B992398" box="[1140,1254,1939,1962]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Cremnops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens are collected by Malaise traps, there are records of this species being collected at light traps and by hand netting from flowering shrubs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="560F034A847D7649FF7BFF3F9C4124E6" blockId="48.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="64C4DF58847D7649FF7BFF3F9EE32482" box="[199,412,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Geographic Range</emphasis>
|
||
—Rocky Mountains westward (AZ, CA,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EA743DA847D7649FCD2FF3F9CB92482" box="[878,966,151,176]" name="Mexico" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Baja California and two specimens from Texas), California south to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EA743DA847D7649FE74FF149D5E24E7" box="[456,545,188,213]" name="Mexico" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
. See map in Appendix II.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1EAA50C1847D7649FF7BFF779BE3250D" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="560F034A847D7649FF7BFF779BE3250D" blockId="48.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="64C4DF58847D7649FF7BFF779E3724CA" bold="true" box="[199,328,223,248]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
. The unusual morphology of this species (e.g. acute scape projection and numerous hind tibial spines) suggests it is sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91B078C9847D7649FE59FEAD9D1D252F" box="[485,610,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="64C4DF58847D7649FE59FEAD9D1D252F" box="[485,610,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. While analyses of limited COI data for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91B078C9847D7649FB92FEAD9BD4252F" box="[1070,1195,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="64C4DF58847D7649FB92FEAD9BD4252F" box="[1070,1195,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not support this sister relationship, these shared character states suggest such a relationship may be the case.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1EAA50C1847D7649FF7BFEE49D4625BA" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="560F034A847D7649FF7BFEE49D4625BA" blockId="48.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="64C4DF58847D7649FF7BFEE49E392557" bold="true" box="[199,326,332,357]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The word “crass” translates to broad, which is appropriate for this species as it is one of only a few species that does have a broad femur.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1EAA50C1847D7649FF7BFE3C9D4325C6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="560F034A847D7649FF7BFE3C9D4325C6" blockId="48.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="64C4DF58847D7649FF7BFE3C9ED1259F" bold="true" box="[199,430,404,429]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="890BBDE8847D7649FE7DFE3C9D26259E" box="[449,601,404,428]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
: literature description: male, Baboquivari Mountains, Arizona, (
|
||
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F847D7649FAF5FE3C9AEF259E" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" box="[1353,1424,404,428]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" name="Illinois Natural History Survey" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">INHS</collectionCode>
|
||
). Non-Types: 3 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F847D7649FEFDFE109E0925E2" box="[321,374,440,464]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2agb-3d98" name="Hymenoptera Institute Collection, University of Kentucky" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">HIC</collectionCode>
|
||
), 7 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F847D7649FE16FE109E8225E2" box="[426,509,440,464]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">ESSIG</collectionCode>
|
||
), 4 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F847D7649FD8CFE109D1425E2" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[560,619,440,464]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
), 1 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F847D7649FD22FE109DA225E2" box="[670,733,440,464]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">CNC</collectionCode>
|
||
), 1(
|
||
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F847D7649FCBFFE109C2D25E2" box="[771,850,440,464]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jekt-x82m" name="Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">FSCA</collectionCode>
|
||
), 1 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F847D7649FC3AFE109CB725E2" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" box="[902,968,440,464]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">MCZ</collectionCode>
|
||
), 6 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F847D7649FC46FE109B3B25E2" box="[1018,1092,440,464]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tizb-nd41" name="University of Arizona" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">UAIC</collectionCode>
|
||
), 9 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F847D7649FBCBFE109BB925E2" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33156" box="[1143,1222,440,464]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33156" name="California State Collection of Arthropods" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">CSCA</collectionCode>
|
||
). For
|
||
<typeStatus id="890BBDE8847D7649FAB5FE1F9A1425E2" box="[1289,1387,439,464]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and additional images see Appendix VIII.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |