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<document id="24F7B5531764D8CFACFC118F024FADCB" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3916.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a769b646-ed6a-4028-827b-98312f729588" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="23022" ID-ZooBank="15384700-9D9B-4F77-AA0B-FA6DA317BCCB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460977036922" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tucker, Erika M., Chapman, Eric G. &amp; Sharkey, Michael J." docDate="2015" docId="DE19B25C84057633FF2BFB5A9C122695" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03916p083.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3916 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Cremnops vulgaris Cresson" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="2220CA24844D7679FFBCFFA89F7F2432" masterDocTitle="A revision of the New World species of Cremnops Förster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae)" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="73" updateTime="1698559752775" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="1090A24094B2DC829D41D2280D321309">A revision of the New World species of Cremnops Förster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A2067AD25FA13101EA848557A368899C">Tucker, Erika M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F56EB2F22B8044128758D6170F2BED2E">Chapman, Eric G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="84A8D7955756FFF785330C82B3848F1C">Sharkey, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="494FC5F98ACD838397665BCA73738275">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="EF92F0195D0FC211C388C686BF5995FB">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="30E623D87FBB6EE5FFD63BE746B45FEC" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3916.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="DE19B25C84057633FF2BFB5A9C122695" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5658881" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127844049" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5658881" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE19B25C84057633FF2BFB5A9C122695" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DE19B25C84057633FF2BFB5A9C122695" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<subSubSection id="1EAA50C184057631FF2BFB5A9D482182" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="560F034A84057631FF2BFB5A9E84213E" blockId="72.[151,507,1266,1326]" box="[151,507,1266,1292]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<heading id="0D47B42684057631FF2BFB5A9E84213E" bold="true" box="[151,507,1266,1292]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984057631FF2BFB5A9E84213E" ID-CoL="ZC5Z" authority="Cresson" authorityName="Cresson" box="[151,507,1266,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884057631FF2BFB5A9E84213E" bold="true" box="[151,507,1266,1292]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884057631FF2BFB5A9E03213E" bold="true" box="[151,380,1266,1292]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Cremnops vulgaris</emphasis>
(Cresson)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="560F034A84057631FF2BFABD9E09211C" blockId="72.[151,507,1266,1326]" box="[151,374,1301,1326]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
[
<figureCitation id="CE8B1FCF84057631FF21FABD9F81211C" box="[157,254,1301,1326]" captionStart="PLATE 28" captionStartId="73.[151,234,1447,1469]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,267,1422]" captionTargetId="figure@73.[151,1436,267,1423]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="PLATE 28. Cremnops vulgaris. A. lateral habitus (2 color variations); B. dorsal habitus (2 color variations); C. lateral head; D. mesopleuron; E. mesoscutum; F. face; G. wings; H. propodeum; I. hind leg with tibial spines insert." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399040/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Plate 28</figureCitation>
, Figs A–I]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="560F034A84057631FF2BFAF59D7821A0" blockId="72.[151,567,1373,1456]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984057631FF2BFAF59EA72141" authority="Cresson, 1865" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1865" box="[151,472,1373,1395]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Agathis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884057631FF2BFAF59E412141" box="[151,318,1373,1395]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Agathis vulgaris</emphasis>
Cresson, 1865
</taxonomicName>
. Female.
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984057631FF2BFAD49EBC21A0" authority="Cresson, 1865" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1865" box="[151,451,1404,1426]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Agathis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="media">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884057631FF2BFAD49E5621A0" box="[151,297,1404,1426]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Agathis media</emphasis>
Cresson, 1865
</taxonomicName>
. Male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="560F034A84057631FF2BFA329D482182" blockId="72.[151,567,1373,1456]" box="[151,567,1434,1456]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984057631FF2BFA329EA32182" authority="Cresson, 1872" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1872" box="[151,476,1434,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Agathis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exoratus">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884057631FF2BFA329E3D2182" box="[151,322,1434,1456]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Agathis exoratus</emphasis>
Cresson, 1872
</taxonomicName>
. Female.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EAA50C184057631FF2BFA759C502228" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="560F034A84057631FF2BFA759C502228" blockId="72.[151,1437,1501,2030]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884057631FF2BFA759E7521C4" bold="true" box="[151,266,1501,1526]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. This species is easily distinguished by the acute projection off the anterior portion of the scape, narrow hind femur, and large number of hind tibial spines (12–25).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EAA50C184057630FF7BF98D9B7922CB" lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="description">
<paragraph id="560F034A84057631FF7BF98D9CFF220C" blockId="72.[151,1437,1501,2030]" box="[199,896,1573,1598]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884057631FF7BF98D9E2E220C" bold="true" box="[199,337,1573,1598]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Description</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="890BBDE884057631FEE3F98D9EB3220C" box="[351,460,1573,1598]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: female. Body length
<quantity id="9148AEAF84057631FD7DF98E9C7D220F" box="[705,770,1574,1598]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="9148AEAF84057631FCADF98E9C0B220C" box="[785,884,1574,1598]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7–9 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="560F034A84057631FF7BF9E19D6A22FC" blockId="72.[151,1437,1501,2030]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884057631FF7BF9E19E7B2250" box="[199,260,1609,1634]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Head</emphasis>
(Figs C &amp; F). Thirty-six (33–37) flagellomeres. Acute dorsoapical projection on scape present. Lateral carina of frons strong, ending immediately anteriad lateral ocellus. Interocellar space not elevated, level with lateral ocelli. Malar space 1.3x (1.3–1.5x) eye height. Apical tooth of mandible extending well past margin of basal lobe, often appearing as one long tooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="560F034A84057631FF7BF9729F8623F8" blockId="72.[151,1437,1501,2030]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984057631FF7BF9729E4022C3" box="[199,319,1754,1777]" class="Crustacea" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884057631FF7BF9729E4022C3" box="[199,319,1754,1777]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Mesosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Figs D, E &amp; H). Subpronopes adjacent, separated by a partition wider than the longitudinal length of the dorsomedial portion of pronotum. Median mesonotal lobe depressed medially. Notaulus foveolate. Scutellar sulcus with 6 (1–6) longitudinal carinae.
<collectingCountry id="2EA743DA84057631FDD5F8899DDE2308" box="[617,673,1825,1850]" name="India" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Hind</collectingCountry>
margin of posterolateral scutal flange not prominent; rather: 90° to obtuse (to lobed). Mesoscutellar trough with longitudinal carinae laterally. Metanotal trough with weak longitudinal carinae laterally. Sternaulus with 7 (6–9) pits; about 1/
<date id="220E258A84057631FCC2F8C19CE323B3" box="[894,924,1897,1921]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">2x</date>
(1/3–2/
<date id="220E258A84057631FC48F8C19B6F23B3" box="[1012,1040,1897,1921]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">3x</date>
) length of mesopleuron. Discrimen foveolate. Medial propodeal areola with 3 (2–4) transverse carinae. Metapleuron rugose on ventral and posterior margins.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="560F034A84057630FF7BF87D9B6A24E7" blockId="72.[151,1437,1501,2030]" lastBlockId="73.[151,1437,151,213]" lastPageId="73" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884057631FF7BF87D9E5323DC" box="[199,300,2005,2030]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<collectingCountry id="2EA743DA84057631FF7BF87D9F8023DC" box="[199,255,2005,2030]" name="India" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Hind</collectingCountry>
leg
</emphasis>
(Fig. I). Femur length about
<date id="220E258A84057631FD32F87E9DD523DC" box="[654,682,2006,2030]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">3x</date>
width. Trochantellar carina absent. Distal tibia covered with 19 (12–23) spines. Claw missing on
<typeStatus id="890BBDE884047630FDA9FF309D3A2482" box="[533,581,152,176]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">type</typeStatus>
specimen, inner tooth of inner and outer claws symmetrical, broad, angled quadrangular-shaped or narrow and angled (to curved), with 4–5 basal pectines.
</paragraph>
<caption id="02CF53C284047630FF2BFA0F9BF321E9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/399040/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" targetBox="[151,1436,267,1422]" targetPageId="73">
<paragraph id="560F034A84047630FF2BFA0F9BF321E9" blockId="73.[151,1436,1447,1499]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FF2BFA0F9E70218F" bold="true" box="[151,271,1447,1469]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">PLATE 28.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984047630FEA9FA009EAA218F" box="[277,469,1447,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FEA9FA009EAA218F" box="[277,469,1447,1469]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Cremnops vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FE5EFA0F9E85218F" bold="true" box="[482,506,1447,1469]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">A.</emphasis>
lateral habitus (2 color variations);
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FCDFFA0F9C05218F" bold="true" box="[867,890,1447,1469]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">B.</emphasis>
dorsal habitus (2 color variations);
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FB5EFA0F9B84218F" bold="true" box="[1250,1275,1447,1469]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">C.</emphasis>
lateral head;
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FA3FFA0F9AE3218F" bold="true" box="[1411,1436,1447,1469]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">D.</emphasis>
mesopleuron;
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FE9BFA6D9E4121E9" bold="true" box="[295,318,1477,1499]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">E.</emphasis>
mesoscutum;
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FE6CFA6D9E9D21E9" bold="true" box="[464,482,1477,1499]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">F.</emphasis>
face;
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FD9EFA6D9D4921E9" bold="true" box="[546,566,1477,1499]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">G.</emphasis>
wings;
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FD35FA6D9DDC21E9" bold="true" box="[649,675,1477,1499]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">H.</emphasis>
propodeum;
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FC96FA6D9C4621E9" bold="true" box="[810,825,1477,1499]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">I.</emphasis>
hind leg with tibial spines insert.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="560F034A84047630FF7BF9A19D96225B" blockId="73.[151,1437,1544,2001]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FF7BF9A19E432212" box="[199,316,1545,1568]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fore wing</emphasis>
(Fig. G). Hyaline with melanic tint (hyaline to dark yellow); veins melanic; stigma melanic. 2nd submarginal cell about as high as wide (2M equal to or slightly longer than 3RSa). Hyaline spot in anterior part of 1st submarginal cell and basal part of 2nd discal cell.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="560F034A84047630FF7BF9DE9AFD22BF" blockId="73.[151,1437,1544,2001]" box="[199,1410,1652,1677]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FF7BF9DE9E4322BF" box="[199,316,1654,1677]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Metasoma</emphasis>
(Figs A &amp; B). 1st median tergite length about
<date id="220E258A84047630FCFBF9DD9C1D22BF" box="[839,866,1653,1677]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">3x</date>
apical width, apical width about
<date id="220E258A84047630FB6BF9DD9B8C22BF" box="[1239,1267,1653,1677]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">2x</date>
basal width.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="560F034A84047630FF7BF9309B7922CB" blockId="73.[151,1437,1544,2001]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FF7BF9309E2F2283" box="[199,336,1688,1713]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Body Color</emphasis>
Orange, except melanic as follows: base of mandibles, labrum, mouthparts, tegula, ventral
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984047630FF2BF9159E6F22E6" box="[151,272,1725,1748]" class="Crustacea" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="73" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">mesosoma</taxonomicName>
, fore and mid coxae, trochanters, and trochantellus, hind trochanter, trochantellus, parts of femur, tibia and tarsus (to black head and propodeum with melanic color on legs variable).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EAA50C184047633FF7BF8AC9E5924E6" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="560F034A84047630FF7BF8AC9D1F2373" blockId="73.[151,1437,1544,2001]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FF7BF8AC9E58232F" bold="true" box="[199,295,1796,1821]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Biology.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FE88F8AE9D77232F" box="[308,520,1796,1821]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
Host—
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984047630FE38F8AD9D77232F" box="[388,520,1796,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris">C. vulgaris</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
has been reared from
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984047630FC9CF8AE9A3D232F" authority="(Linnaeus) (Balduf 1962)" authorityName="(Linnaeus) (Balduf" authorityYear="1962" box="[800,1346,1796,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Loxostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sticticalis">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FC9CF8AE9B75232F" box="[800,1034,1796,1821]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Loxostege sticticalis</emphasis>
(Linnaeus) (Balduf 1962)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984047630FA39F8AE9D242373" authority="(Walker) (Simmonds 1947)" authorityName="(Walker) (Simmonds" authorityYear="1947" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Loxostege" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="commixtalis">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FA39F8AE9E612373" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">L. commixtalis</emphasis>
(Walker) (
<bibRefCitation id="32217EBB84047630FE2BF8809D2C2373" author="Simmonds" box="[407,595,1832,1857]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refString="Simmonds, F. J. (1947) The biology of the parasites of Loxostege sticticalis L. in North America Bracon vulgaris (Cress.) (Braconidae, Agathidinae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 39, 145 - 155. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 000748530003025 X" type="journal article" year="1947">Simmonds 1947</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="560F034A84047630FF7BF8E49DC3239F" blockId="73.[151,1437,1544,2001]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FF7BF8E49EE32357" box="[199,412,1868,1893]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Associated Plants</emphasis>
—alpine
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984047630FDAEF8E49DF42357" box="[530,651,1868,1893]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FDAEF8E49DF42357" box="[530,651,1868,1893]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Astragalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984047630FD1BF8E49B5A2357" authority="(Faboideae)" baseAuthorityName="Faboideae" box="[679,1061,1868,1893]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpines">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FD1BF8E49CF92357" box="[679,902,1868,1893]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Astragalus alpines</emphasis>
(Faboideae)
</taxonomicName>
;
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FB81F8E49F8423BA" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
Augchium pructanii,
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984047630FAFAF8E49F8423BA" authority="Webb &amp; Berth" authorityName="Webb &amp; Berth" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" genus="Echium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pininana">Echium pininana</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
? Webb &amp; Berth (
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984047630FE73F8D89D1123BB" box="[463,622,1904,1929]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Boraginaceae</taxonomicName>
);
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984047630FD39F8D99BCC23BB" authority="Muell.Arg." authorityName="Muell.Arg." box="[645,1203,1904,1929]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="californicus">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FD39F8D99C1B23BB" box="[645,868,1904,1929]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Croton californicus</emphasis>
Muell.Arg. (Euphorbiaceae)
</taxonomicName>
; and alfalfa flowers
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984047630FF2BF83C9E2E239E" box="[151,337,1940,1965]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Medicago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativa">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FF2BF83C9E2E239E" box="[151,337,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Medicago sativa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984047630FEC2F83C9E95239F" box="[382,490,1940,1965]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
) [from label data].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="560F034A84047630FF7BF8109D0623E3" blockId="73.[151,1437,1544,2001]" box="[199,633,1976,2001]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884047630FF7BF8109EFF23E3" box="[199,384,1976,2001]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Adults Collected</emphasis>
—April to September.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="560F034A84077633FF7BFF3F9E5924E6" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884077633FF7BFF3F9EDE2482" box="[199,417,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Geographic Range</emphasis>
—Connecticut west to Washington, Saskatchewan south through
<collectingCountry id="2EA743DA84077633FB15FF3F9A7C2482" box="[1193,1283,151,176]" name="Mexico" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. See map in Appendix II.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EAA50C184077633FF7BFF779D4F25E2" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="560F034A84077633FF7BFF779A2E2556" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884077633FF7BFF779E3724CA" bold="true" box="[199,328,223,248]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Comments</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984077633FEEAFF489D5324CA" box="[342,556,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884077633FEEAFF489D5324CA" box="[342,556,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Cremnops vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984077633FDD8FF489C7624CA" box="[612,777,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassifemur">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884077633FDD8FF489C7624CA" box="[612,777,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C. crassifemur</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the only two species, worldwide, known to possess an acute projection on the scape. The unusual morphology of this species (e.g. acute scape projection and numerous hind tibial spines) suggests it is sister to
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984077633FDEBFE809D852572" box="[599,762,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassifemur">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884077633FDEBFE809D852572" box="[599,762,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C. crassifemur</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. While analyses of limited COI data for
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984077633FB02FE809A1C2572" box="[1214,1379,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassifemur">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884077633FB02FE809A1C2572" box="[1214,1379,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C. crassifemur</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not support this sister relationship, these shared character states suggest such a relationship may be the case.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="560F034A84077633FF66FED89D4F25E2" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">In the specimens examined, there was one specimen from the CNC collection that appeared to have some defect in the antennae with only 28 flagellomeres on one side and 21 on the other. Otherwise, all specimens examined fit the species description.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EAA50C184077633FF7BFE749BED260F" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="560F034A84077633FF7BFE749BED260F" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884077633FF7BFE749E3925C7" bold="true" box="[199,326,476,501]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Etymology</emphasis>
. The word “
<taxonomicName id="91B078C984077633FE68FE749D4D25C7" box="[468,562,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cremnops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris">vulgaris</taxonomicName>
” means ordinary or common. While the morphological characteristics of this species clearly are not ordinary, there are many older specimens of this species in the museum collections examined for this revision, indicating that in the past this species was commonly collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EAA50C184077633FF7BFDEF9C122695" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="560F034A84077633FF7BFDEF9C122695" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,680]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="64C4DF5884077633FF7BFDEF9ED02652" bold="true" box="[199,431,583,608]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Material examined</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="890BBDE884077633FE7FFDE09D242652" box="[451,603,584,608]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
: female,
<typeStatus id="890BBDE884077633FD70FDE09D832652" box="[716,764,584,608]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
no. 1740.1, (
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F84077633FC1DFDE09C932652" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" box="[929,1004,584,608]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">ANSP</collectionCode>
) (H3455 &amp; H8277). Non-Types: 36 (
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F84077633FF23FDC49FA126B6" box="[159,222,620,644]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CNC</collectionCode>
), 91 (
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F84077633FEA0FDC49E1026B6" box="[284,367,620,644]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">ESSIG</collectionCode>
), 55 (
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F84077633FE11FDC49E9726B6" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[429,488,620,644]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CAS</collectionCode>
), 11 (
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F84077633FD9AFDC49D0D26B6" box="[550,626,620,644]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jekt-x82m" name="Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">FSCA</collectionCode>
), 64 (
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F84077633FD0CFDC49D8D26B6" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" box="[688,754,620,644]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">MCZ</collectionCode>
), 6 (NHM), 57 (
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F84077633FC1BFDC49C9226B6" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" box="[935,1005,620,644]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" name="Illinois Natural History Survey" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">INHS</collectionCode>
), 16 (
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F84077633FB90FDC49B0026B6" box="[1068,1151,620,644]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kd99-229r" name="R. M. Bohart Museum of Entomology" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">UCDC</collectionCode>
), 18 (
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F84077633FB01FDC49B8D26B6" box="[1213,1266,620,644]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2agb-3d98" name="Hymenoptera Institute Collection, University of Kentucky" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">HIC</collectionCode>
), 46 (
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F84077633FA8DFDC49A0426B6" box="[1329,1403,620,644]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tizb-nd41" name="University of Arizona" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">UAIC</collectionCode>
), 8 (
<collectionCode id="30A19B8F84077633FF23FD389F91269A" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33156" box="[159,238,656,680]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33156" name="California State Collection of Arthropods" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CSCA</collectionCode>
). For
<typeStatus id="890BBDE884077633FE92FD279EEF269A" box="[302,400,655,680]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and additional images see Appendix VIII.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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