138 lines
17 KiB
XML
138 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F04AC49267A7EE923F8DA284B227DF06">Two new fish species of the genus Puntius Hamilton (Cyprinidae) from Manipur, India, with notes on P. ticto (Hamilton) and P. stoliczkanus (Day).</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="06F29D84294A1AB27622859179583FDE">I. Linthoingambi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F9ED61FACAC93BB72323FA236F9CFE1D">W. Vishwanath</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="0541409D6D59DE7DC353E78C3C7DFE89">2007</mods:date>
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<treatment id="533FB8EC3A7B60783329DDC42A83D774" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6248604" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100123229" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6248604" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:533FB8EC3A7B60783329DDC42A83D774" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/533FB8EC3A7B60783329DDC42A83D774" lastPageNumber="55" pageNumber="54">
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<subSubSection id="E8930BEC7A0B4CA9C50A6D7D68D429FC" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="7B29690FE77C85FFA0286D5166DB0B14">
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[[
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<taxonomicName id="538935B0070D74796BB99A0E49A698D2" ID-CoL="75HG" ID-ENA="27707" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Puntius Hamilton</taxonomicName>
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]]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B9E680BC91D99318526577338CA91BF0" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="4A53CB5112588ED80662BBFA31B767C2" pageNumber="54">Discussion</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="09F57D78DD103EE830F65AF81FB16A07" pageNumber="54">
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<taxonomicName id="621D33EEDA7C73481274F154C4E08785" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ater">Puntius ater</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="666653FFD727D6B157A9AA89520FA284" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khugae">P. khugae</taxonomicName>
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are unique among species of
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<taxonomicName id="0AB8927B4EFA60D369C4E5C72350E810" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Puntius</taxonomicName>
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in Manipur in having one black longitudinal stripe on the side of the body. The former species is distinguished from the latter in having a black edge on the dorsal fin, 13-17 serrae (modally 13) on the dorsal fin spine, 10-11 (modally 10) predorsal scales, modally 26 or 27 (range = 25-29) lateral-line scales, and a longer gut (2.0-2.5 times total length).
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<taxonomicName id="2E485AB9E8BD15EBBDA829E12B7AC11A" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khugae">Puntius khugae</taxonomicName>
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has no black edge on the dorsal fin, 10-12 serrae (modally 10) on the dorsal fin spine, 9-10 (modally 9) predorsal scales, modally 29 (range = 28-30) lateral-line scales, and a shorter gut (0.9-1.2 times total length) (Tables 1 & 3). Taki et al (1978) classified species of
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<taxonomicName id="A08842B316CC10A7E7BD34D077598467" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Puntius</taxonomicName>
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having broad and elevated infraorbital 3+4 in the
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<taxonomicName id="850FF93592081362792933CC1D92C657" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="conchonius">Puntius conchonius-group</taxonomicName>
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. The two new species have similar structures and thus may be included in the group.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BB6E5B19A3EE1DB1EB8970F7303C637D" pageNumber="54">
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<taxonomicName id="30009CA574ECC34A2014039D852CA308" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ater">Puntius ater</taxonomicName>
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inhabits sluggish streams of the Imphal River and its tributaries, while
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<taxonomicName id="3AAEB3EDD3E941363739500969F30E09" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="khugae">P. khugae</taxonomicName>
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inhabits the Khuga, a comparatively faster clear-water stream. The latter species has a shorter gut (Fig. 2a & b) and probably is a sympatric species adapted to a different environment with a different food habit.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="709C71562BFC8E5EC5AE63EA9896D888" pageNumber="54">
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Hamilton (1822) described
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<taxonomicName id="8DDDF3279D5DE46BABF17C5201F5F967" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ticto">P. ticto</taxonomicName>
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from Gangetic basin. He observed the pelvic fin of the species to have one undivided ray in front and two behind. Similar observations were also made in the present study.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5C07612D6E877DF71542424442E64E24" pageNumber="54">
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Hora et al. (1937) observed variations in
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<taxonomicName id="BACB1D754A8C8714630F8AD8D9086768" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ticto">P. ticto</taxonomicName>
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and treated
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<taxonomicName id="2F75D71C01A37D2809D0A7F46C44DB6E" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:024BBA69-1AD7-441A-AD9E-E0BC16D464BA" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Puntius punctatus Day 1865:302" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">P. punctatus</taxonomicName>
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of Peninsular India and
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<taxonomicName id="A0692C2FC0E27B1BA45C9695C2073B37" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:07E6EB40-ED0D-4732-9756-A6831809098D" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Barbus Puntius stoliczkanus Day 1871:328" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stoliczkanus">P. stoliczkanus</taxonomicName>
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of the Irrawady as its junior synonyms. Silas (1952), however, regarded
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<taxonomicName id="2190C7A1F6352ED7C2B097B22F30079B" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:024BBA69-1AD7-441A-AD9E-E0BC16D464BA" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Puntius punctatus Day 1865:302" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">P. punctatus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="F6B9285555807526392B00AE9DAC4329" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:07E6EB40-ED0D-4732-9756-A6831809098D" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Barbus Puntius stoliczkanus Day 1871:328" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stoliczkanus">P. stoliczkanus</taxonomicName>
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as subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="30EA7E3CB3FCD8D6F53F50627ACF7DDB" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ticto">P. ticto</taxonomicName>
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. Jayaram (1991) did not give subspecies status to
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<taxonomicName id="8BB14A87AEC5723A9C8FD5B32359779F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:024BBA69-1AD7-441A-AD9E-E0BC16D464BA" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Puntius punctatus Day 1865:302" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">P. punctatus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="6F5CAFEC519CE3FF7B8B74CAA235B6B3" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stolizckanus">P. stolizckanus</taxonomicName>
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as the fishes showed great variation in morphology. He also considered
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<taxonomicName id="3D2CA00032DC724E887B57D1D6E6AED9" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ticto">P. ticto</taxonomicName>
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to be widely distributed and not restricted to any definite geographical region.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4A7952A7B9A6714C7FFB985058AE5659" pageNumber="54">
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Day (1871) described
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<taxonomicName id="2FCEB492833F87E75FF22E14AB6745D9" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:07E6EB40-ED0D-4732-9756-A6831809098D" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Barbus Puntius stoliczkanus Day 1871:328" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stoliczkanus">P. stoliczkanus</taxonomicName>
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from the Chindwin basin, Pegu and Moulmein. He reported the species to have a less compressed body and weaker serrations in the dorsal spine compared to
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<taxonomicName id="50F4B9D71CA383F5C5F7B0B29B0AC00B" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ticto">P. ticto</taxonomicName>
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. Hora (1936) distinguished
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<taxonomicName id="C2F4C19A8548BCB1F62FB89BD2F73E31" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:07E6EB40-ED0D-4732-9756-A6831809098D" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Barbus Puntius stoliczkanus Day 1871:328" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stoliczkanus">P. stoliczkanus</taxonomicName>
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from
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<taxonomicName id="F50B77CE301E40838F98ECC105E35E6C" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ticto">P. ticto</taxonomicName>
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in having weaker serrations on the dorsal spine, and also in differences in the positions of lateral spots and the numbers of predorsal scales. Jayaram (1981) considered
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<taxonomicName id="C197E20177B74B1D32D009D53B8450E9" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:07E6EB40-ED0D-4732-9756-A6831809098D" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Barbus Puntius stoliczkanus Day 1871:328" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stoliczkanus">P. stoliczkanus</taxonomicName>
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to be a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="CBF08448BAAFC0F1A04B701818EC20DC" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ticto">P. ticto</taxonomicName>
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. Kottelat (2001) reported on the occurrence of
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<taxonomicName id="503CCB32953DACF512FE04BB38977651" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:07E6EB40-ED0D-4732-9756-A6831809098D" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Barbus Puntius stoliczkanus Day 1871:328" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stoliczkanus">P. stoliczkanus</taxonomicName>
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in the Irrawady, Salween, Mekong and Chao Phraya basins.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CA3327DDED02FDC2DC7F73DBE735ADD1" pageNumber="54">
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Early workers had access to very few, poorly preserved specimens. Thus, species were poorly described. Variations in ontogenic development were not considered, and several species from different geographically isolated habitats were put together as highly variable species. Various workers (Kottelat, 1996; Kottelat & Lim, 1993, 1995; Ng & Dodson, 1999; Ng & Kottelat, 2000; Chakrabarty & Ng, 2005; Ng, 2005) reexamined such ‘highly variable’ widely distributed species and concluded that they were in fact aggregates of distinct, often not even closely related species.
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<taxonomicName id="17DA8B14C405FEFC87982008DA1D62DD" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ticto">Puntius ticto</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="FD2F2C8307E44C1C064E4C6CB47CCA36" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:07E6EB40-ED0D-4732-9756-A6831809098D" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Barbus Puntius stoliczkanus Day 1871:328" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stoliczkanus">P. stoliczkanus</taxonomicName>
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were also examined and found to be distinct (Table 1).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2DC9CB05D23F3982B05E4E7770357902" pageNumber="55">
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None of the fish collections from the Chindwin basins of the state contained
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<taxonomicName id="4170D2FFCF4DF0E31729D42AFF7275BF" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ticto">P. ticto</taxonomicName>
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. The species reported as
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<taxonomicName id="38A517D4BFADBE04F41A8BF6BBF4B00C" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ticto">P. ticto</taxonomicName>
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by previous workers from the valley were probably misidentifications of
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<taxonomicName id="761F0D684A6848D0B67EBB2679073C46" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:07E6EB40-ED0D-4732-9756-A6831809098D" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Barbus Puntius stoliczkanus Day 1871:328" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stoliczkanus">P. stoliczkanus</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="523EAEBC9426B9C075CB8FE84D36EFF9" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ater">P. ater</taxonomicName>
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. It may be concluded that
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<taxonomicName id="AD6C7E9B509C05904D653BE168B13C24" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ticto">P. ticto</taxonomicName>
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is a Brahmaputra form, and
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<taxonomicName id="267E4F5C4326DD5566CD245A8D626255" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:07E6EB40-ED0D-4732-9756-A6831809098D" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Puntius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Barbus Puntius stoliczkanus Day 1871:328" order="Cypriniformes" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stoliczkanus">P. stoliczkanus</taxonomicName>
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is a Chindwin form.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |