894 lines
111 KiB
XML
894 lines
111 KiB
XML
<document id="CD035CBF00CAC3531C42016108D57F22" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3635.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="34ad310b-c8e9-430e-b287-1874fa3c3572" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="283541" ID-ZooBank="E9955681-99A8-4618-A4CC-DD838F4294CE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460586033066" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Conradie, Werner, Branch, William R. & Tolley, Krystal A." docDate="2013" docId="421187CCFFBCFF9BFF212316FAD2E08D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03635p223.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3635 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hyperolius cinereus Monrad 1937" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="218" masterDocId="BE28FFB4FFB5FF89FFB62450FF9CE37A" masterDocTitle="Fifty Shades of Grey: giving colour to the poorly known Angolan Ashy reed frog (Hyperoliidae: Hyperolius cinereus), with the description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="223" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="210" updateTime="1698325222277" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="4C2B1052B0B5E10726C440BB6E88AC98">Fifty Shades of Grey: giving colour to the poorly known Angolan Ashy reed frog (Hyperoliidae: Hyperolius cinereus), with the description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="ECDD0B67A9B896AEFC7DA2392E209F43" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="926EBA1CEBD1FB2C71E1F2487CC89111">Conradie, Werner</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="5D85FCF114F6D1EBD162FF95FE87C9C0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9EFAF9FEA51632FE2DFDA20101284D62">Branch, William R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="312C1B609764A03A9883806907F621D6" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="AC2C314948D8612BA4C0B6154D9B531F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B03F91224707FF9B038186B908DF084B">Tolley, Krystal A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0AC487CBBAF7FF86E4A23A6F537671F6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="42DE9D2F38B15336F11C8C5352E02FA8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="8D6BE20C6668B7C2371FF1FB17DCC121">
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<mods:date id="F273A8901CB866B4C5C2679877474756">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="CD2B38FA054D8FC81BD6ECDACD5BD6F8" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="2285A1234B0E6D355042D7B0E9E70AAD">3635</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1FFB21787FF6C7294628F14E92F70425">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="A893C1DED7792E4E7E87A4CFA2D3A20D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="11350BA1FD9F6AF3F543C05B4D6161C5" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3635.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="421187CCFFBCFF9BFF212316FAD2E08D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6146334" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119565001" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6146334" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:421187CCFFBCFF9BFF212316FAD2E08D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/421187CCFFBCFF9BFF212316FAD2E08D" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="218" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
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<subSubSection id="82A26551FFBCFF80FF212316FF64E4DF" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBCFF80FF212316FDDDE41A" blockId="9.[151,577,1862,1957]" box="[151,577,1862,1888]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
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<heading id="914F81B6FFBCFF80FF212316FDDDE41A" bold="true" box="[151,577,1862,1888]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBCFF80FF212316FDDDE41A" ID-CoL="6MPXP" authority="Monrad, 1937" authorityName="Monrad" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,577,1862,1888]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBCFF80FF212316FDDDE41A" bold="true" box="[151,577,1862,1888]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBCFF80FF212316FE17E41A" bold="true" box="[151,395,1862,1888]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Hyperolius cinereus</emphasis>
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Monrad, 1937
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBCFF80FF212338FEA3E4FA" blockId="9.[151,577,1862,1957]" box="[151,319,1896,1920]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Ashy reed frog</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBCFF80FF2123DDFF64E4DF" blockId="9.[151,577,1862,1957]" box="[151,248,1933,1957]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
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<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFBCFF80FF2123DDFF64E4DF" box="[151,248,1933,1957]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStart-2="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="10.[151,250,1016,1039]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,250,1547,1570]" captionStartId-2="13.[151,250,1291,1314]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,185,994]" captionTargetBox-1="[192,1401,850,1513]" captionTargetBox-2="[161,1423,213,1254]" captionTargetId-0="figure@10.[151,1436,181,995]" captionTargetId-1="figure@12.[151,1436,805,1538]" captionTargetId-2="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1270]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionTargetPageId-2="13" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. (A) Male Hyperolius cinereus (PEM A 10352) from near Huambo, Angola. (B) Female H. cinereus (PEM A 9219) from near Humpata, Angola. (C) Dorsal view of holotype H. cinereus (MHNC 90.0857). (D) Male H. cinereus calling from near Huambo. (E) Natural habitat of H. cinereus from the western side of the Caccuchi river, Angola." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. The tadpole of Hyperolius cinereus (PEM T 558) from near Caccuchi river, Angola. (A—lateral view, B—line drawing of LTRF, C—ventral view and D—dorsal view)." captionText-2="FIGURE 6. The advertisement call of Hyperolius cinereus from Humpata, Angola. (A—oscillogram of a call series, B—spectrogram, C—dominant frequency graph, D—insert oscillogram of initial creak advertisement call and E—insert oscillogram of series of chirps advertisement call)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/304408/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/304411/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/283547/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Figs 4–6</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="82A26551FFBCFF83FF212384FEF7E7CE" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="211" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBCFF80FF212384FDDBE497" blockId="9.[151,583,2004,2029]" box="[151,583,2004,2029]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBCFF80FF212384FE1CE497" bold="true" box="[151,384,2004,2029]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Material examined.</emphasis>
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See Appendix A.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="9EC76652FFBFFF83FF2127A8FB06E736" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304408/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" targetBox="[151,1435,185,994]" targetPageId="10">
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<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBFFF83FF2127A8FB06E736" blockId="10.[151,1436,1016,1100]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FF2127A8FE8FE774" bold="true" box="[151,275,1016,1039]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
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(A) Male
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<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FECB27A8FDD5E775" box="[381,585,1016,1039]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FECB27A8FDD5E775" box="[381,585,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Hyperolius cinereus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(PEM A10352) from near Huambo, Angola. (B) Female
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<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FB2727AAFA99E775" box="[1169,1285,1018,1039]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FB2727AAFA99E775" box="[1169,1285,1018,1039]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. cinereus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(PEM A9219) from near Humpata, Angola. (C) Dorsal view of holotype
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<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FD432048FCF6E757" box="[757,874,1048,1069]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FD432048FCF6E757" box="[757,874,1048,1069]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. cinereus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(MHNC 90.0857). (D) Male
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<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FB162048FA89E757" box="[1184,1301,1048,1069]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FB162048FA89E757" box="[1184,1301,1048,1069]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. cinereus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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calling from near Huambo. (E) Natural habitat of
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<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FDBA2067FD1CE736" box="[524,640,1079,1100]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FDBA2067FD1CE736" box="[524,640,1079,1100]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. cinereus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the western side of the Caccuchi river, Angola.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBFFF83FF7F2029FEF7E7CE" blockId="10.[151,1437,1144,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FF7F2029FEA1E7EB" bold="true" box="[201,317,1145,1169]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<typeStatus id="15038878FFBFFF83FF7F2029FEA4E7EB" box="[201,312,1145,1169]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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MHNC 90.0857, a male
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<typeStatus id="15038878FFBFFF83FDC62028FD4EE7EA" box="[624,722,1144,1168]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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from “Kalukembe” (= Calaqumbe),
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<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBFFF83FB332028FB44E7EA" box="[1157,1240,1144,1168]" name="Angola" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Angola</collectingCountry>
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(examined from photographs only).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="82A26551FFBFFF83FF7F2090FDE8E612" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBFFF83FF7F2090FDE8E612" blockId="10.[151,1437,1144,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FF7F2090FEDAE7A3" bold="true" box="[201,326,1216,1241]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Comment.</emphasis>
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Two specimens were available to Monard (1937). However, he specifically stated that he provisionally refers the specimen from “Bimbi” (= Bimbe) to the species: "…
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FB9820B6FCBAE65A" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">un jeune du Bimbi, différant en plusieurs points, appartient peut-être aussi à cette espèce</emphasis>
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; … a young specimen from Bimbi, different in several points, may also belong to this species". We therefore do not consider it part of the
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<typeStatus id="15038878FFBFFF83FBDF217DFB05E63F" box="[1129,1177,1325,1349]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">type</typeStatus>
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material, although we assign it provisionally to the same species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="82A26551FFBFFF82FF7F2124FDCEE676" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="212" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBFFF83FF7F2124FCDAE682" blockId="10.[151,1437,1144,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FF7F2124FEDFE6F7" bold="true" box="[201,323,1396,1421]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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A species referred to
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<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FDF92125FD57E6F7" box="[591,715,1397,1421]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FDF92125FD57E6F7" box="[591,715,1397,1421]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Hyperolius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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due to the following characteristics (Schiøtz 1999, Channing 2001): pupil horizontal; vocal sac present in male, with the gular flap oval with lateral and posterior margins free; terminal discs on fingers and toes expanded, rounded; tympanum hidden; skin smooth; and molecular monophyly for the 16S mitochondrial marker with other
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<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FD3821B1FC96E683" box="[654,778,1505,1529]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FD3821B1FC96E683" box="[654,778,1505,1529]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Hyperolius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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taxa.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBFFF83FF7F2255FDBFE446" blockId="10.[151,1437,1144,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FF7F2255FE35E567" box="[201,425,1541,1565]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FF7F2255FE35E567" box="[201,425,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Hyperolius cinereus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from other
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<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FC922255FC03E567" box="[804,927,1541,1565]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FC922255FC03E567" box="[804,927,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Hyperolius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBFFF83FC702254FB85E566" box="[966,1049,1540,1564]" name="Angola" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Angola</collectingCountry>
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and adjacent regions by: ventrum uniform yellow without darker pigmentation (heavily pigmented in
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<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FC72227AFB19E53B" box="[964,1157,1577,1601]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="steindachneri">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FC72227AFB19E53B" box="[964,1157,1577,1601]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. steindachneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); throat without spines (spinose in
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<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FEAE221EFE5CE51F" box="[280,448,1613,1637]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spinigularis">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FEAE221EFE5CE51F" box="[280,448,1613,1637]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. spinigularis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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males); no pale triangle on snout (present in
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<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FC0A221EFBDFE51F" box="[956,1091,1613,1637]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FC0A221EFBDFE51F" box="[956,1091,1613,1637]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. ocellatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); no light heel spot (present in
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<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FF212222FE82E5F3" box="[151,286,1649,1673]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mitchelli">
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<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FF212222FE82E5F3" box="[151,286,1649,1673]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. mitchelli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); no translucent green belly skin (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FC9E2222FC3FE5F3" box="[808,931,1650,1673]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FC9E2222FC3FE5F3" box="[808,931,1650,1673]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. nasutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex); no pale canthus and dorsolateral lines (red in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FE9F22C6FE55E5D7" box="[297,457,1685,1709]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kachalolae">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FE9F22C6FE55E5D7" box="[297,457,1685,1709]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. kachalolae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, dark in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FD8422C6FD21E5D7" box="[562,701,1685,1709]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kivuensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FD8422C6FD21E5D7" box="[562,701,1685,1709]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. kivuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FD7B22C6FCD7E5D7" box="[717,843,1685,1709]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vilhenai">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FD7B22C6FCD7E5D7" box="[717,843,1685,1709]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. vilhenai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FC3A22C6FB96E5D7" box="[908,1034,1685,1709]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bocagei">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FC3A22C6FB96E5D7" box="[908,1034,1685,1709]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. bocagei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); back uniform without patterns or bands (distinct from quite variable patterns in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FD7E22EAFCF9E5AB" box="[712,869,1721,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chelaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FD7E22EAFCF9E5AB" box="[712,869,1721,1745]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. chelaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FCCC22EAFC78E5AB" box="[890,996,1722,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FCCC22EAFC78E5AB" box="[890,996,1722,1745]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. major</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FC4E22EAFBF8E5AB" box="[1016,1124,1722,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FC4E22EAFBF8E5AB" box="[1016,1124,1722,1745]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. pictus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FBCE22EAFB47E5AB" box="[1144,1243,1721,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollii">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FBCE22EAFB47E5AB" box="[1144,1243,1721,1745]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. pollii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FB4622EAFAF0E5AB" box="[1264,1388,1721,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="seabrai">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FB4622EAFAF0E5AB" box="[1264,1388,1721,1745]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. seabrai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FA3722EAFE85E58F" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FA3722EAFE85E58F" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. punctulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FECC228EFD89E58F" box="[378,533,1757,1781]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angolensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FECC228EFD89E58F" box="[378,533,1757,1781]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. angolensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex; at least two stripes in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FC37228EFBCDE58F" box="[897,1105,1758,1781]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quinquevittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FC37228EFBCDE58F" box="[897,1105,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. quinquevittatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; darker anterior coloration in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FF212352FE92E463" box="[151,270,1793,1817]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FF212352FE92E463" box="[151,270,1793,1817]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; brown with lateral and dorsal stripes in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FD4F2352FCF2E463" box="[761,878,1793,1817]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FD4F2352FCF2E463" box="[761,878,1793,1817]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. gularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); no light lateral band or scattered dorsal spots (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FEA32376FD8EE447" box="[277,530,1830,1853]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FEA32376FD8EE447" box="[277,530,1830,1853]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBFFF82FF7F2319FE49E3AE" blockId="10.[151,1437,1144,2033]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1436,151,2012]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="212" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
In the phylogenetic analysis (see Results)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FD0A231AFCDEE41B" box="[700,834,1866,1889]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FD0A231AFCDEE41B" box="[700,834,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FC62231AFBECE41B" box="[980,1136,1865,1889]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chelaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FC62231AFBECE41B" box="[980,1136,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. chelaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from which it shows an uncorrected p-distance of 3.7%. It further differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBFFF83FD48233EFC0AE4FF" box="[766,918,1901,1925]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chelaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FD48233EFC0AE4FF" box="[766,918,1901,1925]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">H. chelaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having: a brightly coloured (uniform green to bluish) dorsum; bright red inner thighs; large yellow protruding eyes; having no dorsolateral stripes; smaller average size (male 21.0 mm vs
|
||
<quantity id="0D409B3FFFBFFF83FDA223E4FD1CE4B6" box="[532,640,1972,1996]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.46" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" unit="mm" value="24.6">24.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
; female 24.6 vs
|
||
<quantity id="0D409B3FFFBFFF83FCFF23E4FC29E4B6" box="[841,949,1972,1996]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" unit="mm" value="31.5">31.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
); in vocalisation having a higher average frequency advertisement call (3300 hz vs 2500 hz), a shorter initial
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBFFF83FC2F2389FC4AE48B" box="[921,982,2009,2033]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">creak</emphasis>
|
||
call (160 ms vs 500 ms), followed by a higher burst of short
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBEFF82FE1524C8FE42E3CA" box="[419,478,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">chirp</emphasis>
|
||
calls (2–14 vs 4–5); and finally it differs in habitat preference (grassland vs Afromontane forest stream).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBEFF82FF7F248FFDD7E1B6" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBEFF82FF7F248FFE4AE382" bold="true" box="[201,470,223,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Redescription of male.</emphasis>
|
||
Based on an adult male PEM A9216 (measurements in mm): habitus squat, widest at midbody, tapering to the groin; head comparatively small (HL/SUL 0.3, HW/SUL 0.3), not wider than trunk, slightly wider than long (HW/HL 0.9); snout long (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBEFF82FD582577FCB5E245" box="[750,809,295,319]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
+NSD/HL 0.5), blunt in dorsal view, round in profile, slightly projecting beyond lower jaw, wider than long; canthus rostralis distinct, rounded; loreal region almost vertical, slightly concave; nostril directed dorsolaterally, situated much closer to tip of snout than to eye (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBEFF82FAEF253FFA08E2FD" box="[1369,1428,367,391]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
/ NSD 1.5), separated from each other by distance not much greater than distance between eye and nostril (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBEFF82FAD625C4FA0FE2D6" box="[1376,1427,404,428]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">IND</collectingCountry>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBEFF82FF2125E8FF4DE2B5" box="[151,209,440,463]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
1.1); eyes directed anterolaterally, protruding, relatively small (ED/HL 0.4); eye diameter shorter than snout (ED/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBEFF82FF7A258CFE9BE28E" box="[204,263,476,500]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
+NSD 0.8); interorbital distance greater than internarial distance (IOD/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBEFF82FB9B258CFBC3E28E" box="[1069,1119,476,500]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">IND</collectingCountry>
|
||
1.2); tympanum not visible externally; tongue long 4.4, and narrow (2.1 at widest point), free for approximately 60% of length, forked distally for approximately 20% of length; vocal sac single; gular flap consisting of two medially arranged, subcircular areas of thickened skin, immediately adjacent to each other, anterior part cream-coloured, larger, more granular, and thicker than posterior white-coloured part; in resting position only anterior part visible from ventral; dorsal surfaces of head, trunk and limbs are smooth; ventral surface of limbs and gular smooth, chin and abdomen slightly more granulated; supratympanic fold absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBEFF82FF7F2687FD9EE74E" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
|
||
Forelimbs slender; hand moderately large (HND/SUL 0.2); tips of fingers enlarged into broad oval disks, each with circummarginal groove; relative length of fingers: I<II<IV<III; longest finger 4.8; subarticular tubercles rounded, well developed, with one on fingers I and II, two on fingers III and IV, with proximal tubercle on finger IV hardly discernible; webbing between fingers minimal, no inner or outer metacarpal tubercles present; palmar tubercles absent; fingers without subdigital tubercles; nuptial pads or asperities absent.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBEFF82FB052737FB77E005" box="[1203,1259,871,895]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
limbs slender, moderately long (LEG/SUL 1.6); tibio-tarsal articulation reaching to posterior level of the eye when legs are adpressed to body; relative length of toes: I<II<III<V<IV; longest toe 7.7; discs of toes smaller than those of fingers; subarticular tubercles: one on toes I and II, two on toes III and V, and three on toe IV; foot webbing formula: I (0.25), II i/e (1-0.25), III i/e (1-0.25), IV (1), V (0.25); inner metatarsal tubercle small and indistinct; outer metatarsal tubercle absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBEFF82FF7F2011FE53E7BE" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Dorsum uniform lime green/yellow without any markings; ventrum, legs and feet uniform yellow without any markings; inner thighs red, tip of toes and fingers yellow; distinct separation between ventral and dorsal colouration (thus bicoloured); iris bright yellow. In preservative the yellow ventrum fades to light beige, and the dorsum becomes ashy-blue.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBEFF82FF7F2080FDCEE676" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
|
||
Further measurements: SUL 21.7; HL 6.7; HW 5.9; ED 2.5;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBEFF82FCD92081FC34E792" box="[879,936,1233,1256]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
1.9; NSD 1.3; IOD 2.3;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBEFF82FB0A2081FB72E792" box="[1212,1262,1233,1256]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">IND</collectingCountry>
|
||
2.0; THL 10.3; TL 10.5; FL 14.3; HND 4.8; LEG 35.1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="82A26551FFBEFF85FF7F2147FD63E497" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="213" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBEFF82FF7F2147FB01E69E" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBEFF82FF7F2147FE4DE64A" bold="true" box="[201,465,1303,1328]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Description of female.</emphasis>
|
||
Female previously unknown, based on PEM A9219 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFBEFF82FB852148FBE5E64A" box="[1075,1145,1304,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1016,1039]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,994]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. (A) Male Hyperolius cinereus (PEM A 10352) from near Huambo, Angola. (B) Female H. cinereus (PEM A 9219) from near Humpata, Angola. (C) Dorsal view of holotype H. cinereus (MHNC 90.0857). (D) Male H. cinereus calling from near Huambo. (E) Natural habitat of H. cinereus from the western side of the Caccuchi river, Angola." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304408/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B; measurements in mm); the female resembles the male but differs in: larger size; nostril closer to snout (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBEFF82FBBA216CFBDBE62E" box="[1036,1095,1340,1364]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
/NSD 2.5); palm of hand more granular. Female more brightly coloured than males, dorsum blue/green, with light white band separating the dorsum and ventrum; ventrum bright yellow, inner thighs infused with bright red, inner arms and feet orange, upper arms and legs same colouration as dorsum, discs on toes and fingers orange, iris yellow. Sexual dimorphism follows that of other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBEFF82FE34219CFE62E69E" box="[386,510,1484,1508]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBEFF82FE34219CFE62E69E" box="[386,510,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Hyperolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, e.g. absence of vocal sac and gular flap in females.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBEFF82FF7F21A0FD4CE556" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
|
||
Further measurements of female: SUL 28.7; HL 8.9; HW 8.4; ED 3.2;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBEFF82FC5121A1FBBDE572" box="[999,1057,1521,1544]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
2.7; NSD 1.1; IOD 2.8;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBEFF82FA8E21A1FAF6E572" box="[1336,1386,1521,1544]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">IND</collectingCountry>
|
||
2.5; THL 12.0; TL 12.2; FL 19.1; HND 7.2; LEG 43.3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBEFF82FF7F2267FCEEE5E2" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBEFF82FF7F2267FEA2E52A" bold="true" box="[201,318,1591,1616]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Maximum male SUL 26.0 (median: 21.0) and maximum female SUL 28.7 (median: 24.6). Further body dimensions and ratios are summarised in
|
||
<tableCitation id="873A0361FFBEFF82FD0A220CFC88E50E" box="[700,788,1628,1652]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="17.[151,244,1301,1326]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,1464,1800]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="TABLE 3. Morphological features (mm) of Hyperolius cinereus and Hyperolius raymondi sp. nov. See Material and Methods for explanation of abbreviations." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9EC76652FFA4FF98FF212145FD02E635" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" tableUuid="9EC76652FFA4FF98FF212145FD02E635">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
. All males and females have similar colouration to that described above, except for one male having olive green dorsum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBEFF85FF7F22F4FE5DE195" blockId="11.[151,1436,151,2012]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1436,151,751]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="213" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBEFF82FF7F22F4FEB1E5C6" bold="true" box="[201,301,1700,1724]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Tadpole.</emphasis>
|
||
Previously unknown (Channing
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBEFF82FD1222F5FD41E5C6" box="[676,733,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012). Description based on single specimen from tadpole lot PEM T558 (measurements in mm) at Gosner stage 38. Sequence divergence between adult and tadpole material varies from 0.0 to 0.4% indicating that tadpoles were conspecific with the adults.
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBEFF82FBFC22BCFB45E47E" box="[1098,1241,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Lateral view</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFBEFF82FB5A22BCFAACE47E" box="[1260,1328,1772,1796]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1547,1570]" captionTargetBox="[192,1401,850,1513]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,805,1538]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. The tadpole of Hyperolius cinereus (PEM T 558) from near Caccuchi river, Angola. (A—lateral view, B—line drawing of LTRF, C—ventral view and D—dorsal view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304411/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A): Body round to ovoid; body little wider than high (BH/BW 0.9); snout oblique; mouth directed near ventral; nasals rounded, very small, positioned laterally, closer to snout than to eyes (SND/NOD 0.8); eyes moderately sized (ED 12% of BL), positioned and directed laterally; spiracle sinistral, tubular, small, joined to body wall, positioned laterally and situated closer to vent than snout (SS 58% of BL), oval opening directed slightly upwards, at the height of the middle of the lower part of the caudal muscle; tail just over twice the body length (TAL/BL 2.1) and two thirds of total length (TAL/tTL 0.7); tail musculature moderate (TMH 67% of BH and 62% of MTH), tapering gradually to a slightly pointed tail tip; tail fins of moderate size, deepest midway along tail; upper fin not extending onto body, slightly convex to the end of the tail; lower fin slightly convex to the end of tail.
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB9FF85FB2A24ECFAB9E3AE" box="[1180,1317,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Dorsal view</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFB9FF85FA8224ECFAEBE3AE" box="[1332,1399,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1547,1570]" captionTargetBox="[192,1401,850,1513]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,805,1538]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. The tadpole of Hyperolius cinereus (PEM T 558) from near Caccuchi river, Angola. (A—lateral view, B—line drawing of LTRF, C—ventral view and D—dorsal view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304411/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
D): Body oval, little wider than high (BH/BW 0.9), widest just behind the spiracle opening; snout rounded; nasals widely spaced; interorbital distance nearly equal to internarial distance (IOD/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFB9FF85FC4B2554FBB3E266" box="[1021,1071,260,284]" name="India" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">IND</collectingCountry>
|
||
1.10); tail muscle width 40% of body width (TMW/BW 0.4).
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB9FF85FE552578FDF0E23A" box="[483,620,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Ventral view</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFB9FF85FDC92577FD5FE245" box="[639,707,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1547,1570]" captionTargetBox="[192,1401,850,1513]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,805,1538]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. The tadpole of Hyperolius cinereus (PEM T 558) from near Caccuchi river, Angola. (A—lateral view, B—line drawing of LTRF, C—ventral view and D—dorsal view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304411/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C): Eyes bulging and not visible in ventral view; vent positioned supramarginal, dextral and short with an oval opening.
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB9FF85FCB9251CFCE6E21E" box="[783,890,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Oral disc</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFB9FF85FC3D251CFC4CE21E" box="[907,976,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1547,1570]" captionTargetBox="[192,1401,850,1513]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,805,1538]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. The tadpole of Hyperolius cinereus (PEM T 558) from near Caccuchi river, Angola. (A—lateral view, B—line drawing of LTRF, C—ventral view and D—dorsal view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304411/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B): Positioned and directed near ventral, moderately small (ODW 24% of BW); LTRF: 1/3(1), third posterior row 75% the length of the first row; jaw sheets moderately pigmented, capsulated and rounded; lateral process moderately short; single row of posterior marginal papillae, and a single row of anterior marginal papillae; dorsal gap free of papillae (up to 75% free); posterior corners with a few submarginal papillae; lateral margins of oral disc slightly indented.
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB9FF85FBDA258CFACBE28E" box="[1132,1367,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Colouration pattern:</emphasis>
|
||
Body dark brown-yellow with randomly scattered dark spots; dorsum dark; ventrum paler with scattered darker pigmentation; internal collided intestine not visible through skin; tail musculature more heavily pigmented than fins; three distinct darker pigmented stripes running from anterior part of tail muscle to about midway of tail; fins mottled and translucent. Variation among tadpoles include tail tip being darker pigmented, intestinal coils visible through ventral skin and the most posterior labial tooth rows having variable lengths.
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB9FF85FBE326C1FA9DE1D2" box="[1109,1281,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Measurements:</emphasis>
|
||
tTL 38.0; BL 12.2; TAL 25.8; BH 6.5; BW 7.6; TMW 3.0; MTH 7.1; TMH 4.4; IOD 3.5;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFB9FF85FC5326E5FB8BE1B6" box="[997,1047,693,716]" name="India" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">IND</collectingCountry>
|
||
3.2; NOD 2.0; SND 1.6; SOD 3.6; SS 7.1; ED 1.5; ODW 1.8.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9EC76652FFB9FF85FF21225BFD47E53A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304411/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" targetBox="[192,1401,850,1513]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFB9FF85FF21225BFD47E53A" blockId="12.[151,1436,1547,1600]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB9FF85FF21225BFE89E55B" bold="true" box="[151,277,1547,1570]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
The tadpole of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFB9FF85FE76225BFD11E55B" box="[448,653,1547,1569]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB9FF85FE76225BFD11E55B" box="[448,653,1547,1569]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Hyperolius cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(PEM T558) from near Caccuchi river, Angola. (A—lateral view, B—line drawing of LTRF, C—ventral view and D—dorsal view).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFB9FF85FF7F223CFDA2E442" blockId="12.[151,1436,1644,2029]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB9FF85FF7F223CFE2FE5FF" bold="true" box="[201,435,1644,1669]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Advertisement call.</emphasis>
|
||
Air temperature at time of recording 12–16 °C. The call (n = 22) usually comprises a series of two to fourteen notes emitted at a rate of 3.4 ± 1.0 (2.2–5.0) per second (mean ± SD [range],
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFB9FF85FA8222C0FAE4E5D2" box="[1332,1400,1680,1704]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1291,1314]" captionTargetBox="[161,1423,213,1254]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1270]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. The advertisement call of Hyperolius cinereus from Humpata, Angola. (A—oscillogram of a call series, B—spectrogram, C—dominant frequency graph, D—insert oscillogram of initial creak advertisement call and E—insert oscillogram of series of chirps advertisement call)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283547/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Usually, the series consists of a single initial
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB9FF85FD2322E5FD4EE5B7" box="[661,722,1717,1741]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">creak</emphasis>
|
||
with a pulse group composed of 4–8 (median: 6) pulses, and a length of 159.6 ± 92.5 (51–355) ms, followed by a series of 2–14 (median: 5)
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB9FF85FBB32289FBD7E58B" box="[1029,1099,1753,1777]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">chirps</emphasis>
|
||
with a pulse group composed of 2–4 (median: 3) pulses, and a length of 26.6 ± 10.7 (10–73) ms (
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFB9FF85FC7322ACFB97E46E" box="[965,1035,1788,1812]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1291,1314]" captionTargetBox="[161,1423,213,1254]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1270]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. The advertisement call of Hyperolius cinereus from Humpata, Angola. (A—oscillogram of a call series, B—spectrogram, C—dominant frequency graph, D—insert oscillogram of initial creak advertisement call and E—insert oscillogram of series of chirps advertisement call)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283547/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
B–E). Dominant frequency ranged between 2842 and 3704 Hz (
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFB9FF85FE6E2370FD80E442" box="[472,540,1824,1848]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1291,1314]" captionTargetBox="[161,1423,213,1254]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,1270]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. The advertisement call of Hyperolius cinereus from Humpata, Angola. (A—oscillogram of a call series, B—spectrogram, C—dominant frequency graph, D—insert oscillogram of initial creak advertisement call and E—insert oscillogram of series of chirps advertisement call)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283547/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFB9FF85FF7F2315FD63E497" blockId="12.[151,1436,1644,2029]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB9FF85FF7F2315FE15E427" bold="true" box="[201,393,1860,1885]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimens were collected whilst calling at night, or basking on vegetation during the day. Found in grassland ‘dambo’, with water levels about
|
||
<quantity id="0D409B3FFFB9FF85FCB62338FCA3E4FA" box="[768,831,1896,1920]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" unit="cm" value="50.0">50cm</quantity>
|
||
deep (
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFB9FF85FC392338FC49E4FA" box="[911,981,1896,1920]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1016,1039]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,185,994]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,181,995]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. (A) Male Hyperolius cinereus (PEM A 10352) from near Huambo, Angola. (B) Female H. cinereus (PEM A 9219) from near Humpata, Angola. (C) Dorsal view of holotype H. cinereus (MHNC 90.0857). (D) Male H. cinereus calling from near Huambo. (E) Natural habitat of H. cinereus from the western side of the Caccuchi river, Angola." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304408/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
E). At Humpata, specimens were found near a small flowing stream in montane grassland. Males were calling
|
||
<quantity id="0D409B3FFFB9FF85FC0A23DCFBB0E4DE" box="[956,1068,1932,1956]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" unit="cm" value="40.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="30.0">30–50 cm</quantity>
|
||
from the water surface on grass stems. The following frog species were found sympatric with this species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFB9FF85FC6223E1FB52E4B3" box="[980,1230,1969,1993]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angolensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB9FF85FC6223E1FB52E4B3" box="[980,1230,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Hyperolius angolensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFB9FF85FB6D23E2FA09E4B3" box="[1243,1429,1969,1993]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="benguellensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB9FF85FB6D23E2FA09E4B3" box="[1243,1429,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">H. benguellensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFB9FF85FF212385FEF1E497" box="[151,365,2005,2029]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Amietia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angolensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB9FF85FF212385FEF1E497" box="[151,365,2005,2029]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Amietia angolensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFB9FF85FE152385FD64E497" box="[419,760,2005,2029]" class="Amphibia" family="Phrynobatrachidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mababiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB9FF85FE152385FD64E497" box="[419,760,2005,2029]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Phrynobatrachus mababiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="9EC76652FFB8FF84FF21215BFD05E625" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283547/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" targetBox="[161,1423,213,1254]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFB8FF84FF21215BFD05E625" blockId="13.[151,1436,1291,1375]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB8FF84FF21215BFE85E65B" bold="true" box="[151,281,1291,1314]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
The advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFB8FF84FDFD215CFC80E658" box="[587,796,1292,1314]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB8FF84FDFD215CFC80E658" box="[587,796,1292,1314]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Hyperolius cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Humpata, Angola. (A—oscillogram of a call series, B—spectrogram, C—dominant frequency graph, D—insert oscillogram of initial
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB8FF84FC4B217AFBA8E63A" box="[1021,1076,1322,1344]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">creak</emphasis>
|
||
advertisement call and E—insert oscillogram of series of
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB8FF84FE3D2119FE56E625" box="[395,458,1353,1375]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">chirps</emphasis>
|
||
advertisement call).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="82A26551FFB8FF84FF7F21DBFA85E5B3" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFB8FF84FF7F21DBFBA1E575" blockId="13.[151,1436,1419,1737]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB8FF84FF7F21DBFEFEE6DE" bold="true" box="[201,354,1419,1444]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Historically only known from three localities in south-central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFB8FF84FB9421DBFBE9E6D9" box="[1058,1141,1419,1443]" name="Angola" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
(e.g. Caluquembe, Bimbe and Entre Rios). We report here an additional eight localities, extending the distribution of the species
|
||
<quantity id="0D409B3FFFB8FF84FAF221FFFA00E6BD" box="[1348,1436,1455,1479]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" unit="km" value="200.0">200 km</quantity>
|
||
south and
|
||
<quantity id="0D409B3FFFB8FF84FEB82183FEF9E691" box="[270,357,1491,1515]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" unit="km" value="350.0">350 km</quantity>
|
||
east of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="15038878FFB8FF84FE592184FD83E696" box="[495,543,1492,1516]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFB8FF84FD382183FD4DE691" box="[654,721,1491,1515]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[247,1337,204,1287]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[238,1340,195,1297]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the collection locality of H. cinereus and H. raymondi sp. nov. (red star represents the type locality of H. cinereus and the blue star represents the type locality of Hyperolius raymondi sp. nov.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304407/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is therefore more widespread than previously known. The species is restricted to high laying areas of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFB8FF84FDCF21A7FD57E575" box="[633,715,1527,1551]" name="Angola" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
(above
|
||
<quantity id="0D409B3FFFB8FF84FC9021A7FCE6E56A" box="[806,890,1527,1552]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
|
||
above sea level).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFB8FF84FF7F224BFA85E5B3" blockId="13.[151,1436,1419,1737]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB8FF84FF7F224BFE5DE54E" bold="true" box="[201,449,1563,1588]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is endemic to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFB8FF84FCBD224BFCFDE549" box="[779,865,1563,1587]" name="Angola" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The current IUCN status of this species is Data Deficient. As the species is known to have a wide distribution (extent of occurrence is ~90 0 0 0 km2, area of occupancy is ~6
|
||
<quantity id="0D409B3FFFB8FF84FEED2239FE2EE5FB" box="[347,434,1641,1665]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" unit="km" value="800.0">800 km</quantity>
|
||
2), is known from more than 10 localities (quarter degree grid squares), and there is no evidence of population declines or fluctuations, the species should be considered as Least Concern (IUCN 2001). It appears to adapt well to habitat disturbance as it was found in flooded agricultural fields near Huambo.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFB8FF84FF21234DFF64E406" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<table id="B8B8C47AFFB80076FF21234DFCCAE406" box="[151,854,1821,1916]" gridcols="7" gridrows="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<tr id="74883498FFB80076FF21234DFCCAE44D" box="[151,854,1821,1847]" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<th id="37595DE4FFB80076FF21234DFE0BE44D" box="[151,407,1821,1847]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFB8FF84FF21234DFE0BE44D" box="[151,407,1821,1847]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raymondi">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB8FF84FF21234DFE0BE44D" bold="true" box="[151,407,1821,1847]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Hyperolius raymondi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="37595DE4FFB80076FE28234DFE5EE44D" box="[414,450,1821,1847]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB8FF84FE28234DFE5EE44D" bold="true" box="[414,450,1821,1847]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="37595DE4FFB80076FE7F234DFE60E44D" box="[457,508,1821,1847]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB8FF84FE7F234DFE60E44D" bold="true" box="[457,508,1821,1847]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="37595DE4FFB80076FDB2234DFD1CE44D" box="[516,640,1821,1847]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB8FF84FDB2234DFD1CE44D" bold="true" box="[516,640,1821,1847]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Conradie,</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="37595DE4FFB80076FD31234DFD78E44D" box="[647,740,1821,1847]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB8FF84FD31234DFD78E44D" bold="true" box="[647,740,1821,1847]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Branch</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="37595DE4FFB80076FD5D234DFC9FE44D" box="[747,771,1821,1847]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB8FF84FD5D234DFC9FE44D" bold="true" box="[747,771,1821,1847]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">&</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="37595DE4FFB80076FCBD234DFCCAE44D" box="[779,854,1821,1847]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB8FF84FCBD234DFCCAE44D" bold="true" box="[779,854,1821,1847]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Tolley</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="74883498FFB80076FF212310FCCAE422" box="[151,854,1856,1880]" gridrow="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="37595DE4FFB80076FF212310FE0BE422" box="[151,407,1856,1880]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Raymond’s reed frog</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="74883498FFB80076FF212334FCCAE406" box="[151,854,1892,1916]" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="37595DE4FFB80076FF212334FE0BE406" box="[151,407,1892,1916]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Figs 7–9</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="82A26551FFB8FF84FF2123FCFC60E4B8" box="[151,1020,1964,1986]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFB8FF84FF2123FCFC60E4B8" blockId="13.[151,1020,1964,1986]" box="[151,1020,1964,1986]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFB8FF84FF2123FCFEEBE4B8" box="[151,375,1964,1986]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFB8FF84FF2123FCFE9BE4B8" box="[151,263,1964,1986]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hyperolius</taxonomicName>
|
||
cinereus—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Laurent 1964 (part), Schiøtz 1999 (part), Channing 2001 (part).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="82A26551FFBBFF87FF2124C8FB4CE245" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBBFF87FF2124C8FE3CE266" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,535]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FF2124C8FE97E3CA" bold="true" box="[151,267,152,176]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<typeStatus id="15038878FFBBFF87FF2124C8FE9AE3CA" box="[151,262,152,176]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
An adult male (PEM A10049,
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFBBFF87FDC724C7FD2FE3D5" box="[625,691,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1254,1277]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,573,1241]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[172,1416,573,1242]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7. Hyperolius raymondi sp. nov. from Lagoa Carumbo, Angola. (A—Male Holotype (PEM A 10049), B—Female allotype with eggs (PEM A 10066) and C to F—Paratype males (PEM A 10052, - 10045, - 10051, - 10046) showing the variation in dorsal colouration)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304414/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A) deposited in the Port Elizabeth Museum (PEM),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBBFF87FAB224C7FA04E3D5" box="[1284,1432,151,175]" name="South Africa" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Collected
|
||
<date id="BE06101AFFBBFF87FEBF24ECFE35E3AE" box="[265,425,188,212]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" value="2012-04-30">30 April 2012</date>
|
||
, by W. Conradie, W.R. Branch, P. Vaz Pinto, S. Baptista & N. Baptista from a dambo near the expedition base camp, Lagoa Carumbo, Lunda Norte Province,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBBFF87FC33248FFC4BE38D" box="[901,983,223,247]" name="Angola" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AF8C501DFFBBFF87FC50248FFBE0E38D" box="[998,1148,223,247]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" precision="1" value="-7.7442226">7°44’39.2” S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AF8C501DFFBBFF87FB31248FFAB0E38D" box="[1159,1324,223,247]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" precision="1" value="19.954668">19°57’16.8” E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 0719DB,
|
||
<quantity id="0D409B3FFFBBFF87FF212554FF42E266" box="[151,222,260,284]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.129999999999999" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" unit="m" value="813.0">813 m</quantity>
|
||
above sea level).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBBFF87FF7F2577FB4CE245" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,535]" box="[201,1232,295,320]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FF7F2577FEA9E23A" bold="true" box="[201,309,295,320]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Allotype.</emphasis>
|
||
An adult female (PEM A10066,
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFBBFF87FD1F2577FD70E245" box="[681,748,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1254,1277]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,573,1241]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[172,1416,573,1242]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7. Hyperolius raymondi sp. nov. from Lagoa Carumbo, Angola. (A—Male Holotype (PEM A 10049), B—Female allotype with eggs (PEM A 10066) and C to F—Paratype males (PEM A 10052, - 10045, - 10051, - 10046) showing the variation in dorsal colouration)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304414/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
B), identical collecting details as
|
||
<typeStatus id="15038878FFBBFF87FBD62577FB50E245" box="[1120,1228,295,319]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="82A26551FFBBFF87FF7F251CFADCE21E" box="[201,1344,332,356]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBBFF87FF7F251CFADCE21E" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,535]" box="[201,1344,332,356]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FF7F251CFED4E21E" bold="true" box="[201,328,332,356]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<typeStatus id="15038878FFBBFF87FF7F251CFEDFE21E" box="[201,323,332,356]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="DCBEFD53FFBBFF87FEF8251CFE2EE21E" box="[334,434,332,356]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="male">16 males</specimenCount>
|
||
(PEM A10040–10048,
|
||
<accessionNumber id="D5EBAB39FFBBFF87FD76251CFC80E21E" box="[704,796,332,356]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A10050" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="EnaNcbi">A10050</accessionNumber>
|
||
–10056), identical collecting details as
|
||
<typeStatus id="15038878FFBBFF87FB66251CFAA0E21E" box="[1232,1340,332,356]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="82A26551FFBBFF87FF7F253FFCF4E16D" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBBFF87FF7F253FFCF4E16D" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,535]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FF7F253FFE23E2F2" bold="true" box="[201,447,367,392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Additional material.</emphasis>
|
||
PEM A10057 [
|
||
<specimenCount id="DCBEFD53FFBBFF87FDCD253FFD50E2FD" box="[635,716,367,391]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
] collected on
|
||
<date id="BE06101AFFBBFF87FCC2253FFB99E2FD" box="[884,1029,367,392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" value="2010-05-05">5 May 2010</date>
|
||
, by P. Vaz Pinto, S. Baptista & N. Baptista from the headwaters of Lovua, north of village Capaia, Lunda Norte Province,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBBFF87FB2F25C4FB77E2D6" box="[1177,1259,404,428]" name="Angola" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AF8C501DFFBBFF87FB4825C4FA0BE2D6" box="[1278,1431,404,428]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" precision="1" value="-8.338472">8°20’18.5” S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AF8C501DFFBBFF87FF2125E7FEBBE2B5" box="[151,295,439,463]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" precision="15" value="20.2425">20°14’33” E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 0820AC,
|
||
<quantity id="0D409B3FFFBBFF87FE1625E7FE74E2B5" box="[416,488,439,463]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.54" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" unit="m" value="154.0">154 m</quantity>
|
||
above sea level). PEM T517 [2 tadpoles] collected on
|
||
<date id="BE06101AFFBBFF87FBE225E7FB7CE2B5" box="[1108,1248,439,464]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" value="2012-05-02">2 May 2012</date>
|
||
, by W. Conradie & W.R. Branch from the margins Lagoa Samokaza east of Lagoa Carumbo, Lunda Norte Province,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBBFF87FAFC258CFA00E28E" box="[1354,1436,476,500]" name="Angola" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AF8C501DFFBBFF87FF2925AFFEA9E16D" box="[159,309,511,535]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" precision="1" value="-7.7383337">7°44’18.0” S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AF8C501DFFBBFF87FEF725AFFE7AE16D" box="[321,486,511,535]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" precision="1" value="19.986944">19°59’13.0” E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 0719DB,
|
||
<quantity id="0D409B3FFFBBFF87FDE825AFFD39E16D" box="[606,677,511,535]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.67" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" unit="m" value="867.0">867 m</quantity>
|
||
above sea level).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="9EC76652FFBBFF87FF2120B6FEE4E643" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304414/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" targetBox="[172,1415,573,1241]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBBFF87FF2120B6FEE4E643" blockId="14.[151,1436,1254,1337]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FF2120B6FE89E786" bold="true" box="[151,277,1254,1277]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FEAB20B6FE6AE786" box="[285,502,1254,1276]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raymondi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FEAB20B6FE6AE786" box="[285,502,1254,1276]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Hyperolius raymondi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E3FF57B3FFBBFF87FE4920B7FDCDE786" box="[511,593,1255,1276]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FE4920B7FDD7E786" bold="true" box="[511,587,1255,1276]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from Lagoa Carumbo, Angola. (A—Male Holotype (PEM A10049), B—Female allotype with eggs (PEM A10066) and C to F—Paratype males (PEM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="D5EBAB39FFBBFF87FCD42155FC2AE661" box="[866,950,1285,1307]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A10052" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="EnaNcbi">A10052</accessionNumber>
|
||
, -10045, -10051, -10046) showing the variation in dorsal colouration).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="82A26551FFBBFF87FF7F210BFAE9E4A2" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBBFF87FF7F210BFCDAE69A" blockId="14.[151,1436,1371,2009]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FF7F210BFEA0E60E" bold="true" box="[201,316,1371,1396]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. A species referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FDF9210CFD57E60E" box="[591,715,1372,1396]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FDF9210CFD57E60E" box="[591,715,1372,1396]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Hyperolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to the following characteristics (Schiøtz 1999, Channing 2001): pupil horizontal; vocal sac present in male, with the gular flap oval and lateral and posterior margins free; terminal discs on fingers and toes expanded, rounded; tympanum hidden; skin smooth; and molecular monophyly for the 16S mitochondrial marker with other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FD382198FC96E69A" box="[654,778,1480,1504]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FD382198FC96E69A" box="[654,778,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Hyperolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
taxa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBBFF87FF7F21BCFD9EE459" blockId="14.[151,1436,1371,2009]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FF7F21BCFE2BE57E" box="[201,439,1516,1540]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raymondi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FF7F21BCFE2BE57E" box="[201,439,1516,1540]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Hyperolius raymondi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FE0921BCFD85E57E" bold="true" box="[447,537,1516,1540]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E3FF57B3FFBBFF87FE0921BCFD85E57E" box="[447,537,1516,1540]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
can be distinguished from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FC3821BCFB95E57E" box="[910,1033,1516,1540]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FC3821BCFB95E57E" box="[910,1033,1516,1540]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Hyperolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBBFF87FB9921BBFB1DE579" box="[1071,1153,1515,1539]" name="Angola" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
and adjacent regions by: ventrum uniform yellow without darker pigmentation (heavily pigmented in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FBAB2241FB40E552" box="[1053,1244,1552,1576]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="steindachneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FBAB2241FB40E552" box="[1053,1244,1552,1576]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. steindachneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); throat without spines (spinose in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FED22265FD91E536" box="[356,525,1588,1612]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spinigularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FED22265FD91E536" box="[356,525,1588,1612]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. spinigularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); no pale triangle on snout (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FC0B2265FBD9E536" box="[957,1093,1588,1612]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocellatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FC0B2265FBD9E536" box="[957,1093,1588,1612]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); no light heel spot (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FF212209FE83E50A" box="[151,287,1624,1648]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mitchelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FF212209FE83E50A" box="[151,287,1624,1648]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. mitchelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); no translucent green belly skin (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FC872209FC31E50A" box="[817,941,1625,1648]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FC872209FC31E50A" box="[817,941,1625,1648]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. nasutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex); two dorsolateral stripes present (distinct from quite variable patterns in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FDE4222DFD75E5EE" box="[594,745,1660,1684]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chelaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FDE4222DFD75E5EE" box="[594,745,1660,1684]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. chelaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FD40222DFCC6E5EE" box="[758,858,1661,1684]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FD40222DFCC6E5EE" box="[758,858,1661,1684]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. major</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FCD1222DFC50E5EE" box="[871,972,1661,1684]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pictus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FCD1222DFC50E5EE" box="[871,972,1661,1684]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. pictus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FC6C222DFBABE5EE" box="[986,1079,1660,1684]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pollii">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FC6C222DFBABE5EE" box="[986,1079,1660,1684]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. pollii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FBF2222DFB26E5EE" box="[1092,1210,1660,1684]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="seabrai">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FBF2222DFB26E5EE" box="[1092,1210,1660,1684]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. seabrai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FB7E222DFAF1E5EE" box="[1224,1389,1660,1684]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FB7E222DFAF1E5EE" box="[1224,1389,1660,1684]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. punctulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FF7522F1FEFCE5C2" box="[195,352,1696,1720]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Amietia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angolensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FF7522F1FEFCE5C2" box="[195,352,1696,1720]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. angolensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex); uniform green colouration with darker bands present (bands absent in
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FAA422F1FA00E5C2" box="[1298,1436,1697,1720]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FAA422F1FA0BE5C2" box="[1298,1431,1697,1720]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">H. cinereus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
darker anterior coloration in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FE552295FDC4E5A6" box="[483,600,1732,1756]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FE552295FDC4E5A6" box="[483,600,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, brown with lateral and dorsal stripes in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FB802295FB36E5A6" box="[1078,1194,1732,1756]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FB802295FB36E5A6" box="[1078,1194,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. gularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); dorsolateral stripes darker than background (distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FDE722B9FCBDE47A" box="[593,801,1769,1792]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quinquevittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FDE722B9FCBDE47A" box="[593,801,1769,1792]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. quinquevittatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FCEA22B9FBC7E47A" box="[860,1115,1769,1792]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FCEA22B9FBC7E47A" box="[860,1115,1769,1792]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); no light stripe below dark dorsolateral band (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FEDF235DFE6EE45E" box="[361,498,1804,1828]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kivuensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FEDF235DFE6EE45E" box="[361,498,1804,1828]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. kivuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBBFF87FF7F2361FAE9E4A2" blockId="14.[151,1436,1371,2009]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
In the phylogenetic analysis (see Results) it is sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FC9F2361FBD4E432" authority="Monrad 1937" authorityName="Monrad" authorityYear="1937" box="[809,1096,1840,1864]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FC9F2361FC34E432" box="[809,936,1841,1864]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
Monrad 1937
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from which it differs by 3.7% sequence divergence. It further differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBBFF87FD322305FC98E416" box="[644,772,1877,1900]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FD322305FC98E416" box="[644,772,1877,1900]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">H. cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having: up to two dark dorsolateral lines in males (vs no dorsal markings); a longer snout; faster call rate (4.4 vs 3.4 average notes per second); higher average frequency advertisement call (3900 hz vs 3300 hz); no initial
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FD5923CCFCB0E4CE" box="[751,812,1948,1972]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">creak</emphasis>
|
||
call; lower number burst of short
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBBFF87FB7423CCFB61E4CE" box="[1218,1277,1948,1972]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">chirp</emphasis>
|
||
calls (2–3 vs 2–14); lower number of pulse groups (1 vs 3); and tadpoles having two posterior rows of papillae (vs one row).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="82A26551FFBAFF99FF7F24C7FE25E5AB" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="217" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBAFF86FF7F24C7FE5AE107" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2020]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBAFF86FF7F24C7FE77E3CA" bold="true" box="[201,491,151,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="15038878FFBAFF86FEC124C8FE7BE3CA" box="[375,487,152,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(measurements in mm) Habitus squat, widest at midbody, tapering to the groin; head comparatively small (HL/SUL 0.3, HW/SUL 0.3), not wider than trunk, slightly wider than long (HW/HL 0.9); snout moderately long (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBAFF86FE1A248FFE7BE38D" box="[428,487,223,247]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
+NSD/HL 0.5), blunt in dorsal view, round in profile, slightly projecting beyond lower jaw, wider than long; canthus rostralis distinct, rounded; loreal region almost vertical, slightly concave; nostril directed dorsolaterally; situated closer to tip of snout than to eye (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBAFF86FC092576FC65E244" box="[959,1017,294,318]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
/NSD 1.2), separated from each other by distance not much greater than distance between eye and nostril (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBAFF86FC292519FC4DE21B" box="[927,977,329,353]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">IND</collectingCountry>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBAFF86FC6C2519FB88E21B" box="[986,1044,329,353]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
1.1); eyes directed anterolaterally, protruding, relatively small (ED/HL 0.3); eye diameter shorter than snout (ED/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBAFF86FBF8253CFB15E2FE" box="[1102,1161,364,388]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
+NSD 0.7); interorbital distance greater than internarial distance (IOD/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBAFF86FD0725C0FD7FE2D2" box="[689,739,400,424]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">IND</collectingCountry>
|
||
1.3); tympanum not visible externally; tongue long 5.5, and narrow (2.7 at widest point), free for approximately 55% of length, forked distally for approximately 25% of length; vocal sac single; gular flap consisting of two medially arranged, subcircular areas of thickened skin, immediately adjacent to each other, anterior part cream-coloured, larger, more granular, and thicker than posterior white-coloured part; in resting position only anterior part visible from ventral; dorsal surfaces of head, trunk and limbs are smooth; ventral surface of limbs and gular smooth, chin and abdomen slightly more granulated; supratympanic fold absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBAFF86FF7F26D8FE5DE09A" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2020]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">
|
||
Forelimbs slender; hand moderately large (HND/SUL 0.2); tips of fingers enlarged into broad oval disks, each with circummarginal groove; relative length of fingers: I<II<IV<III; longest finger 4.9, subarticular tubercles rounded, well developed, with one on fingers I and II, two on fingers III and IV, with proximal tubercle on finger IV hardly discernible; webbing between fingers minimal, no inner or outer metacarpal tubercles present; palmar tubercles absent; fingers without subdigital tubercles; nuptial pads or asperities absent.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBAFF86FB052746FB77E054" box="[1203,1259,790,814]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
limbs slender, moderately long (LEG/SUL 1.6); tibio-tarsal articulation reaching to posterior level of the eye when legs are adpressed to body; relative length of toes: I<II<III<V<IV; longest toe 7.9; discs of toes smaller than those of fingers; subarticular tubercles: one on toes I and II, two on toes III and V, and three on toe IV; foot webbing formula: I (0.25), II i/e (1-0.25), III i/e (1-0.25), IV (1), V (0.25); inner metatarsal tubercle small and clear; outer metatarsal tubercle absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBAFF86FF7F27BCFA92E665" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2020]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Dorsum uniform lime green with two distinct dark dorsolateral stripes on each side, lower dorsolateral stripe extending from tip of snout through the eye backwards to the groin; the upper dorsolateral stripe usually originates at the anterior corner of the upper eyelid, extending posterior and almost merging with the lower stripe; black spots of variable size occur on the posterior dorsum between the upper dorsolateral stripes; scattered small asperities on head; ventrum, and ventral surfaces of limbs uniform yellow, without markings; inner thighs red; tip of toes and fingers yellow; no distinct separation between ventral and dorsal colouration; upper jaw marked with broken black markings; upper thighs and forearms with scattered black markings on lime green background; palm of hands and soles of feet scattered with numerous small black asperities; iris bright yellow. In preservative the yellow colour of ventrum fades to light beige and the dorsum becomes ashy-blue with paired black dorsolateral stripes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBAFF86FF7F217AFDD8E61C" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2020]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">
|
||
Further measurements: SUL 21.2; HL 6.8; HW 6.0; ED 2.5;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBAFF86FCD9217BFC34E638" box="[879,936,1323,1346]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
1.8; NSD 1.6; IOD 2.6;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFBAFF86FB0A217BFB72E638" box="[1212,1262,1323,1346]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">IND</collectingCountry>
|
||
2.0; THL 10.3; TL 9.6; FL 13.9; HND 4.9; LEG 33.8.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBAFF86FF7F2121FB14E540" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2020]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBAFF86FF7F2121FEA2E6F0" bold="true" box="[201,318,1393,1418]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Maximum male SUL 22.6 (median: 19.8) and female SUL 22.7 (only one specimen). Laurent (1964) reports the maximum male as 23.3 and female as 28.1. Further body dimensions and ratios are summarised in
|
||
<tableCitation id="873A0361FFBAFF86FF0321E8FE97E6AA" box="[181,267,1464,1488]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="17.[151,244,1301,1326]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,1464,1800]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="TABLE 3. Morphological features (mm) of Hyperolius cinereus and Hyperolius raymondi sp. nov. See Material and Methods for explanation of abbreviations." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9EC76652FFA4FF98FF212145FD02E635" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" tableUuid="9EC76652FFA4FF98FF212145FD02E635">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
. All male
|
||
<typeStatus id="15038878FFBAFF86FE3321E9FE6CE6AB" box="[389,496,1465,1489]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
possess similar dorsal and ventral colouration to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="15038878FFBAFF86FBE421E8FB2BE6AA" box="[1106,1207,1464,1488]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, but with individual variation in dorsolateral stripes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFBAFF86FDB3218BFDD6E689" box="[517,586,1499,1523]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1254,1277]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,573,1241]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[172,1416,573,1242]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7. Hyperolius raymondi sp. nov. from Lagoa Carumbo, Angola. (A—Male Holotype (PEM A 10049), B—Female allotype with eggs (PEM A 10066) and C to F—Paratype males (PEM A 10052, - 10045, - 10051, - 10046) showing the variation in dorsal colouration)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304414/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). The only female (
|
||
<typeStatus id="15038878FFBAFF86FC9F218BFC17E689" box="[809,907,1499,1523]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
PEM A10066;
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFBAFF86FB88218BFB1DE689" box="[1086,1153,1499,1523]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1254,1277]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,573,1241]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[172,1416,573,1242]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7. Hyperolius raymondi sp. nov. from Lagoa Carumbo, Angola. (A—Male Holotype (PEM A 10049), B—Female allotype with eggs (PEM A 10066) and C to F—Paratype males (PEM A 10052, - 10045, - 10051, - 10046) showing the variation in dorsal colouration)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304414/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
B) is indistinguishable in colouration from female
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBAFF86FE1B2250FDA8E56D" box="[429,564,1536,1559]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBAFF86FE1B2250FDB3E56D" box="[429,559,1536,1559]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">H. cinereus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
with a uniform blue-green dorsum, yellow ventrum and red inner thighs. Two juveniles collected were also
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFBAFF86FE562272FDA3E540" box="[480,575,1570,1594]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Limnophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="216" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolour">bicolour</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with darker lateral markings restricted to the snout.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFBAFF99FF7F2216FDAEE14C" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,2020]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1436,151,781]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="217" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBAFF86FF7F2216FEB1E524" bold="true" box="[201,301,1606,1630]" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Tadpole.</emphasis>
|
||
Based on single specimen from tadpole lot PEM T517 (measurements in mm) at Gosner stage 36. Sequence divergence between adult and tadpole material varies from 0.2 to 0.6%, indicating that tadpoles were conspecific with the adults.
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBAFF86FE7922DDFDC7E5DF" box="[463,603,1677,1701]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Lateral view</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFBAFF86FDDC22DDFD30E5DF" box="[618,684,1677,1701]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1482,1505]" captionTargetBox="[211,1370,831,1465]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[184,1408,792,1497]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. The tadpole of Hyperolius raymondi sp. nov. (PEM T 517) from near Caccuchi river, Angola. (A—lateral view, B—line drawing of LTRF, C—ventral view and D—dorsal view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304423/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
A): Body round to ovoid; body little wider than high (BH/BW 0.8); snout oblique; mouth directed near ventral; nasals rounded, very small, positioned laterally, closer to snout than to eyes (SND/NOD 0.8); eyes moderately sized (ED 16% of BL), positioned and directed near lateral; spiracle sinistral, tubular, small, joined to body wall, positioned laterally and situated closer to vent than snout (SS 69% of BL), oval opening directed slightly upwards, at the height of the middle of the lower part of the caudal muscle; tail is just over twice the body length (TAL/BL 2.2) and two thirds of total length (TAL/tTL 0.7), tail musculature broad (TMH 90% of BH and 86% of MTH), tapering gradually to a slightly pointed tail tip; tail fins of moderate size, deepest midway down tail; upper fin not extending onto body, slightly convex to the end of the tail; lower fin slightly convex to the end of tail.
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFBAFF86FDBD23F9FD0EE4BB" box="[523,658,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Dorsal view</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFBAFF86FD1723F9FD7FE4BB" box="[673,739,1961,1985]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1482,1505]" captionTargetBox="[211,1370,831,1465]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[184,1408,792,1497]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. The tadpole of Hyperolius raymondi sp. nov. (PEM T 517) from near Caccuchi river, Angola. (A—lateral view, B—line drawing of LTRF, C—ventral view and D—dorsal view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304423/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="216">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
D): Body oval, little wider than high (BW/BH 1.3), widest just behind the spiracle opening; snout rounded, slightly pointed; nasals widely spaced; interorbital distance nearly equal to internarial distance (IOD/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFA5FF99FDAB24C7FDD3E3D5" box="[541,591,151,175]" name="India" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">IND</collectingCountry>
|
||
1.0); tail muscle width 48% of body width (TMW/BW 0.5).
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA5FF99FAB924C8FA00E3CA" box="[1295,1436,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Ventral view</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFA5FF99FF2924EBFF7FE3A9" box="[159,227,187,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1482,1505]" captionTargetBox="[211,1370,831,1465]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[184,1408,792,1497]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. The tadpole of Hyperolius raymondi sp. nov. (PEM T 517) from near Caccuchi river, Angola. (A—lateral view, B—line drawing of LTRF, C—ventral view and D—dorsal view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304423/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
C): Eyes bulging and not visible in ventral view; vent positioned supramarginal, dextral and short with an oval opening.
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA5FF99FE8A248FFE34E38D" box="[316,424,223,247]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Oral disc</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFA5FF99FE0C248FFE63E38D" box="[442,511,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1482,1505]" captionTargetBox="[211,1370,831,1465]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[184,1408,792,1497]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. The tadpole of Hyperolius raymondi sp. nov. (PEM T 517) from near Caccuchi river, Angola. (A—lateral view, B—line drawing of LTRF, C—ventral view and D—dorsal view)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304423/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
B): Positioned and directed near ventral, moderately small (ODW 29% of BW); LTRF: 1/3(1), third posterior row 75% the length of the first row; jaw sheets moderately pigmented, capsulated and rounded; lateral process moderately short; double row of posterior marginal papillae, and a single row of anterior marginal papillae; dorsal gap free of papillae (up to 75% free); posterior corners with a few submarginal papillae; lateral margins of oral disc slightly indented.
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA5FF99FD23253DFC1CE2FF" box="[661,896,365,389]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Colouration pattern:</emphasis>
|
||
Body dark brown with randomly scattered dark spots; dorsum dark; ventrum paler with scattered darker pigmentation; internal collided intestine slightly visible through skin; tail musculature more heavily pigmented than fins; three distinct darker pigmented stripes running from anterior part of tail muscle to approximately midway in tail; fins mottled and translucent.
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA5FF99FB092588FAF7E295" box="[1215,1387,472,495]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Measurements:</emphasis>
|
||
tTL 35.0; BL 10.9; TAL 24.1; BH 4.8; BW 6.3; TMW 3.0; MTH 5.0; TMH 4.3; IOD 3.2;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFA5FF99FBE525ABFB19E168" box="[1107,1157,507,530]" name="India" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">IND</collectingCountry>
|
||
3.1; NOD 2.0; SND 1.6; SOD 3.5; SS 7.5; ED 1.7; ODW 1.8.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFA5FF99FF7F2611FDFCE077" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,781]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA5FF99FF7F2611FE2AE120" bold="true" box="[201,438,577,602]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Advertisement call.</emphasis>
|
||
Air temperature not recorded. The call (n = 13) usually consisting of two to three consecutive notes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFA5FF99FEDA2635FE32E107" box="[364,430,613,637]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1209,1232]" captionTargetBox="[182,1394,211,1209]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[182,1406,193,1209]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. The advertisement call of Hyperolius raymondi sp. nov. from Lagoa Carumbo, Angola. (A—oscillogram of a call series, B—spectrogram, C—dominant frequency graph and D—insert oscillogram of a single advertisement call)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283550/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
A). The notes were emitted at a rate of 4.4 ± 0.4 (3.6–4.8) per second (mean ± SD [range]) within a series. The pulse group of each note usually comprised a single pulse (up to 4, median 1) and had a length of 23.0 ± 4.0 (13–32) ms (
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFA5FF99FE7326FDFD96E1BF" box="[453,522,685,709]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1209,1232]" captionTargetBox="[182,1394,211,1209]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[182,1406,193,1209]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. The advertisement call of Hyperolius raymondi sp. nov. from Lagoa Carumbo, Angola. (A—oscillogram of a call series, B—spectrogram, C—dominant frequency graph and D—insert oscillogram of a single advertisement call)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283550/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Dominant frequency ranged between 3688 and 4063 Hz (
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFA5FF99FB7526FDFA94E1BF" box="[1219,1288,685,709]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1209,1232]" captionTargetBox="[182,1394,211,1209]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[182,1406,193,1209]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. The advertisement call of Hyperolius raymondi sp. nov. from Lagoa Carumbo, Angola. (A—oscillogram of a call series, B—spectrogram, C—dominant frequency graph and D—insert oscillogram of a single advertisement call)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283550/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Although calls were not recorded under optimal breeding conditions, we consider above call parameters to be sufficiently distinct to be taxonomically informative.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9EC76652FFA5FF99FF21219AFCAEE685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304423/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" targetBox="[211,1370,831,1465]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFA5FF99FF21219AFCAEE685" blockId="16.[151,1436,1482,1535]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA5FF99FF21219AFE88E69A" bold="true" box="[151,276,1482,1505]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
The tadpole of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFA5FF99FE0A219AFD08E69A" box="[444,660,1482,1504]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raymondi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA5FF99FE0A219AFD08E69A" box="[444,660,1482,1504]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Hyperolius raymondi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA5FF99FD2A219BFD73E69A" bold="true" box="[668,751,1483,1504]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E3FF57B3FFA5FF99FD2A219BFD73E69A" box="[668,751,1483,1504]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(PEM T517) from near Caccuchi river, Angola. (A—lateral view, B—line drawing of LTRF, C—ventral view and D—dorsal view).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFA5FF99FF7F227AFE25E5AB" blockId="16.[151,1436,1577,2003]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA5FF99FF7F227AFE19E538" bold="true" box="[201,389,1577,1602]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
Found in grass-covered ‘dambo’ with water levels less than
|
||
<quantity id="0D409B3FFFA5FF99FB8A2279FB1FE53B" box="[1084,1155,1577,1601]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
|
||
in the flood plain of the Lulele River (a southern tributary draining north to the larger
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFA5FF99FC89221DFC14E51F" box="[831,904,1613,1637]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
River). Frogs were calling high up on grass and reeds. At one site, the frogs were calling at the edge of a large pool in the middle of the ‘dambo’. Other frogs recorded at the same locality included:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFA5FF99FE4C22C5FD70E5D7" box="[506,748,1685,1709]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adspersus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA5FF99FE4C22C5FD70E5D7" box="[506,748,1685,1709]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Hyperolius adspersus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFA5FF99FCB622C5FC66E5D7" box="[768,1018,1685,1709]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angolensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA5FF99FCB622C5FC66E5D7" box="[768,1018,1685,1709]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Hyperolius angolensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFA5FF99FBBB22C5FAD3E5D7" box="[1037,1359,1685,1709]" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Hoplobatrachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA5FF99FBBB22C5FAD3E5D7" box="[1037,1359,1685,1709]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Hoplobatrachus occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and a unknown
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFA5FF99FEB222EAFEC0E5AB" box="[260,348,1722,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Kassina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA5FF99FEB222EAFEC0E5AB" box="[260,348,1722,1745]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Kassina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="82A26551FFA5FF99FF7F228DFAF4E4A9" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFA5FF99FF7F228DFB0AE447" blockId="16.[151,1436,1577,2003]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA5FF99FF7F228DFEC3E58C" bold="true" box="[201,351,1757,1782]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
First reported by Laurent (1964) to occur in the area of Dundo. We recorded it further south from two more localities in the Lunda Norte Province of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFA5FF99FD612351FCB4E463" box="[727,808,1793,1817]" name="Angola" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see
|
||
<figureCitation id="52832A5FFFA5FF99FCD52351FC3FE463" box="[867,931,1793,1817]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[247,1337,204,1287]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[238,1340,195,1297]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the collection locality of H. cinereus and H. raymondi sp. nov. (red star represents the type locality of H. cinereus and the blue star represents the type locality of Hyperolius raymondi sp. nov.)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/304407/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). The species is endemic to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFA5FF99FB542351FAAAE463" box="[1250,1334,1793,1817]" name="Angola" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but may occur in the adjacent
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFA5FF99FE362375FD63E447" box="[384,767,1829,1853]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
and possibly also northwest
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFA5FF99FB8D2375FB0EE447" box="[1083,1170,1829,1853]" name="Zambia" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Zambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFA5FF99FF7F231CFAF4E4A9" blockId="16.[151,1436,1577,2003]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA5FF99FF7F231CFE25E41F" bold="true" box="[201,441,1868,1893]" pageId="16" pageNumber="217">Conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
Currently only known from three localities (with extent of occurrence of ~3
|
||
<quantity id="0D409B3FFFA5FF99FAA6231CFAF8E41E" box="[1296,1380,1868,1892]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" unit="km" value="500.0">500 km</quantity>
|
||
2 and area of occupancy is ~1
|
||
<quantity id="0D409B3FFFA5FF99FE152323FE6BE4F1" box="[419,503,1907,1931]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="217" unit="km" value="500.0">500 km</quantity>
|
||
2). More surveys are needed to determine the full distribution of the species, and thus allow assessment of its conservation status. At present it should be regarded as Data Deficient according to IUCN criteria (IUCN 2001). Potential threats to this species include habitat destruction due to alluvial diamond mining.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="9EC76652FFA4FF98FF2120E9FA84E794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283550/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" targetBox="[182,1394,211,1209]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFA4FF98FF2120E9FA84E794" blockId="17.[151,1435,1209,1262]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA4FF98FF2120E9FE8FE7B5" bold="true" box="[151,275,1209,1232]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
The advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFA4FF98FD9520E9FD66E7B5" box="[547,762,1209,1231]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raymondi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA4FF98FD9520E9FD66E7B5" box="[547,762,1209,1231]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Hyperolius raymondi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA4FF98FCB620EAFCCDE7B5" bold="true" box="[768,849,1210,1231]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E3FF57B3FFA4FF98FCB620EAFCCDE7B5" box="[768,849,1210,1231]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from Lagoa Carumbo, Angola. (A—oscillogram of a call series, B—spectrogram, C—dominant frequency graph and D—insert oscillogram of a single advertisement call).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="9EC76652FFA4FF98FF212145FD02E635" ID-Table-UUID="9EC76652FFA4FF98FF212145FD02E635" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9EC76652FFA4FF98FF212145FD02E635" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" targetBox="[159,1429,1464,1800]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFA4FF98FF212145FD02E635" blockId="17.[151,1436,1301,1359]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA4FF98FF212145FE8EE654" bold="true" box="[151,274,1301,1326]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphological features (mm) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFA4FF98FD252145FCE9E654" box="[659,885,1301,1326]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA4FF98FD252145FCE9E654" box="[659,885,1301,1326]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Hyperolius cinereus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFA4FF98FC192145FB03E657" box="[943,1183,1301,1325]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raymondi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA4FF98FC192145FB03E657" box="[943,1183,1301,1325]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">Hyperolius raymondi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E3FF57B3FFA4FF98FB1E2146FA9FE657" box="[1192,1283,1302,1326]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA4FF98FB1E2146FB60E654" bold="true" box="[1192,1276,1302,1326]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
See Material and Methods for explanation of abbreviations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="82A26551FFA4FF9BFE8C213BFAD2E08D" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="219" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="CA0736DAFFA4FF9BFE8C213BFAD2E08D" blockId="17.[314,1405,1386,1439]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1436,958,1016]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="219" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA4FF98FE8C213BFC72E6FA" box="[314,1006,1386,1408]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFA4FF98FE8C213BFD58E6FA" box="[314,708,1387,1408]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">H. cinereus H. cinereus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFA4FF98FCD8213BFC72E6FA" box="[878,1006,1386,1408]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raymondi" status="sp. nov.">H. raymondi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA4FF98FC42213AFBD9E605" bold="true" box="[1012,1093,1386,1407]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E3FF57B3FFA4FF98FC42213AFBD9E605" box="[1012,1093,1386,1407]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFA4FF98FB10213BFAB9E6FA" box="[1190,1317,1386,1408]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raymondi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA4FF98FB10213BFAB9E6FA" box="[1190,1317,1386,1408]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">H. raymondi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA4FF98FA9A213AFAE1E605" bold="true" box="[1324,1405,1386,1407]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E3FF57B3FFA4FF98FA9A213AFAE1E605" box="[1324,1405,1386,1407]" pageId="17" pageNumber="218" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Male n = 35) (Female n = 10) (Male n = 18) (Female n = 1)
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA4FF98FBE8234AFA09E44A" box="[1118,1429,1818,1840]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="218">......continued on the next page</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA7FF9BFF7127EEFED2E0AC" bold="true" box="[199,334,958,982]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is named in honour of Raymond F. Laurent who first recorded the species (as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0DB84D59FFA7FF9BFA3727EFFE06E08D" authority="Laurent 1964" authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1964" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinereus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F8CCEAC8FFA7FF9BFA3727EFFF67E082" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">H. cinereus,</emphasis>
|
||
Laurent 1964
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2AF764AFFA7FF9BFE70278FFD87E08D" box="[454,539,991,1015]" name="Angola" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in recognition of his many contributions to Central African herpetology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |