treatments-xml/data/03/FB/F1/03FBF16CFFC3E935BBA495C3FE75131B.xml

<document id="233ED83D037A1103ABCD3DD8564F3A8E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3716.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9589c2b5-4db3-4bb1-800c-6807de82d0c9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="248743" ID-ZooBank="768FB82B-5EA9-4C89-9F68-F5D5E6286570" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460680840228" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pogue, Michael G., Ouellette, Gary D. &amp; Harp, Charles E." docDate="2013" docId="03FBF16CFFC3E935BBA495C3FE75131B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03716p191.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3716 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Schinia volupia Fitch" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="178" masterDocId="FFC28914FFCAE920BB339474FFE6125B" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Schinia volupia (Fitch) species complex (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Heliothinae)" masterLastPageNumber="191" masterPageNumber="157" pageNumber="166" updateTime="1698350402280" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="471E9C3ABF4FB1809D5B970F6B2276D8">A revision of the Schinia volupia (Fitch) species complex (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Heliothinae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03FBF16CFFC3E935BBA495C3FE75131B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6164718" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119579219" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6164718" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FBF16CFFC3E935BBA495C3FE75131B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FBF16CFFC3E935BBA495C3FE75131B" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="178" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
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<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC3E929BBA495C3FE561389" blockId="9.[151,778,439,499]" box="[151,432,439,466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<heading id="D0A5F716FFC3E929BBA495C3FE561389" bold="true" box="[151,432,439,466]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC3E929BBA495C3FE561389" ID-CoL="948V3" authority="Fitch" authorityName="Fitch" box="[151,432,439,466]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BBA495C3FE561389" bold="true" box="[151,432,439,466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BBA495C3FEB3138A" bold="true" box="[151,341,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Schinia volupia</emphasis>
(Fitch)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC3E929BBA495AEFCEC13A8" blockId="9.[151,778,439,499]" box="[151,778,474,499]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
(
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929BBAC95AEFEC113A8" box="[159,295,474,499]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 5 – 19" captionStart-1="FIGURES 20 – 34" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,1696,1719]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,264,1640,1663]" captionTargetBox-0="[288,1301,247,1645]" captionTargetBox-1="[296,1262,221,1571]" captionTargetId-0="figure@10.[286,1301,193,1670]" captionTargetId-1="figure@11.[293,1262,193,1602]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="FIGURES 5 – 19. Adults. 5, Schinia miniana, ♀, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNMENT 00148151; 6, S. miniana, ♀, Utah, Washington Co., Hurricane, USNMENT 00148153; 7, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Presidio Co., Shafter, USNMENT 00148149; 8, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148148; 9, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring; 10, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148800; 11, S. sanrafaeli, ♂, Utah, Grand Co., 1 mi E of Green River, USNMENT 00158786; 12, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, southern, USNMENT 00148801; 13, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00255726; 14, S. volupia, ♀, New Mexico, Luna Co., Deming, USNMENT 00148147; 15, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00158767; 16, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Kerr Co., Kerrville, USNMENT 00148802; 17, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Johnson Co., Cleburne State Park, USNMENT 00147634; 18, S. volupia, ♂, Oklahoma, Murray Co., 1 km W Turner Falls, Arbuckle Mts., USNMENT 00148803; 19, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 0 0 148804." captionText-1="FIGURES 20 – 34. Adults. 20, Schinia volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 00148758; 21, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155024; 22, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155018; 23, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255716; 24, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255719; 25, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255720; 26, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255721; 27, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255722; 28, S. volupia (S. masoni, holotype), ♀, Colorado, Denver; 29, S. fulleri (holotype), ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station; 30, S. fulleri, ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNMENT 00148805; 31, S. biforma, ♀, Texas, Cottle Co., Paducah, USNMENT 00147523; 32, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 00148806; 33, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Refuge, USNMENT 00147522; 34, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 0 0 147521." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/248748/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/248749/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Figs. 12–28</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929BA0195AFFE4213A8" box="[306,420,475,499]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 46" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1769,1792]" captionTargetBox="[201,1347,229,1667]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[199,1357,193,1730]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 46. Male genitalia. 35, Schinia miniana, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNM 49921; 36, S. miniana, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNM 49477; 37, S. miniana, California, San Bernardino Co., Yermo, USNM 49479; 38, S. volupia, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50603; 39, S. volupia, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50602; 40, S. volupia, Texas, Burnet Co., Shovel Mountain, USNM 49471; 41, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., I- 70 roadside marker # 150, USNM 50607; 42, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50606; 43, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50605; 44, S. volupia, Colorado, Jefferson Co., Turkey Creek Canyon, USNM 49473; 45, S. fulleri, Florida, Levy Co., Williston, USNM 47050; 46, S. biforma, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNM 49590." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248750/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">38–40, 44</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929BA8395AEFDC513A8" box="[432,547,474,499]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 58" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1791,1814]" captionTargetBox="[218,1373,195,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[197,1387,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 58. Male aedeagi. 47, Schinia miniana, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNM 49921; 48, S. miniana, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNM 49477; 49, S. miniana, California, San Bernardino Co., Yermo, USNM 49479; 50, S. volupia, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50603; 51, S. volupia, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50602; 52, S. volupia, Texas, Burnet Co., Shovel Mountain, USNM 49471; 53, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., I- 70 roadside marker # 150, USNM 50607; 54, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50606; 55, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50605; 56, S. volupia, Colorado, Jefferson Co., Turkey Creek Canyon, USNM 49473; 57, S. fulleri, Florida, Levy Co., Williston, USNM 47050; 58, S. biforma, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNM 49590." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248751/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">50–52, 56</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929B91D95AEFD9113A8" box="[558,631,474,499]" captionStart="FIGURES 59 – 66" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1394,1417]" captionTargetBox="[199,1414,206,1341]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[155,1440,193,1361]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 59 – 66. Female genitalia. 59, Schinia miniana, Texas, Presidio Co., Shafter, USNM 50619; 60, S. volupia, New Mexico, southern, USNM 50616; 61, S. volupia, Texas, Brazos Co., College Station, USNM 50618; 62, S. volupia, Texas, Montague Co., USNM 50617; 63, S. volupia, Colorado, Denver, USNM 50614; 64, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., I- 70 roadside marker # 150, USNM 136447; 65, S. fulleri, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNM 47051; 66, S. biforma, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNM 49590." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248752/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">60–63</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929B9B195AFFD7B13A8" box="[642,669,475,499]" captionStart="FIGURES 77 – 82" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1478,1501]" captionTargetBox="[217,1396,190,1422]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[150,1435,169,1454]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 77 – 82. Gaillardia aristata host of S. volupia. 77, S. volupia on flowerhead of G. aristata; 78, predominantly pink flowerhead of G. aristata; 79, flowerhead of G. aristata, photo by Steve O’Kane, used with permission; 80, field of G. aristata; 81, S. volupia (S. masoni, holotype), ♀, Colorado, Denver; 82, S. volupia, ♀, Colorado, Jefferson Co., Chimney Gulch, USNMENT 0 0 148807." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248755/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">81</figureCitation>
–82, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929B9E495AFFCE413A8" box="[727,770,475,499]" captionStart="FIGURES 109" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1555,1578]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1532]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,193,1534]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 109. Distribution of adults and associated host plants. 109, S. volupia, circles; S. fulleri, triangles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248762/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">109</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC3E929BBA49657FE381063" blockId="9.[151,1436,546,814]" box="[151,478,546,568]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC3E929BBA49657FE3C1063" authority="Fitch, 1868: 908" authorityName="Fitch" authorityPageNumber="908" authorityYear="1868" box="[151,474,546,568]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomatidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BBA49657FECC1063" box="[151,298,547,568]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Alaria volupia</emphasis>
Fitch, 1868: 908
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFC3E929BBA49635FE131175" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC3E929BBA49635FB40102D" blockId="9.[151,1436,546,814]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BBA49635FEF6100D" box="[151,272,577,598]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Rhododipsa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC3E929BA289635FDFA100C" authority="Grote 1880: 47" authorityName="Grote" authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="1880" box="[283,540,577,599]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomatidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BA289635FE89100D" box="[283,367,577,598]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">volupia:</emphasis>
Grote 1880: 47
</taxonomicName>
.—Grote 1883:152.—Smith 1883: 250.—Smith 1891: 53.—Smith 1893: 273.—Dyar 1903: 186.— 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFC3E929BA799614FE78102D" box="[330,414,608,630]" name="Netherlands" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Holland</collectingCountry>
1903: 225.—Barnes and McDunnough 1917:38.—McDunnough 1938: 104.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC3E929BBA4960BFDFC10E8" blockId="9.[151,1436,546,814]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC3E929BBA4960BFD7710CF" authority="Franclemont and Todd 1983:158" authorityName="Franclemont and Todd" authorityPageNumber="158" authorityYear="1983" box="[151,657,638,660]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BBA4960BFED910CF" box="[151,319,639,660]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Schinia volupia:</emphasis>
Franclemont and Todd 1983:158
</taxonomicName>
.—Poole 1989:898.—Poole and Gentili 1996:772.—Hardwick 1996:153.— Lafontaine and Schmidt 2010:69.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC3E929BBA496C8FDBF10AB" blockId="9.[151,1436,546,814]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BBA496C8FEF6108A" box="[151,272,700,721]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Rhododipsa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC3E929BA1196C8FDD71089" authority="Smith, 1896:284" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="284" authorityYear="1896" box="[290,561,700,722]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoni">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BA1196C8FE8D108A" box="[290,363,700,721]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">masoni</emphasis>
Smith, 1896:284
</taxonomicName>
.—Dyar 1903:186.— 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFC3E929B82296C8FC811089" box="[785,871,700,722]" name="Netherlands" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Holland</collectingCountry>
1903:225.—Barnes and McDunnough 1917:38.— McDunnough 1938:105. 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BAF596AFFDBF10AB" bold="true" box="[454,601,731,752]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">new synonym</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC3E929BBA4968DFE131175" blockId="9.[151,1436,546,814]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC3E929BBA4968DFD761154" authority="Franclemont and Todd 1983:158" authorityName="Franclemont and Todd" authorityPageNumber="158" authorityYear="1983" box="[151,656,761,783]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoni">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BBA4968DFEDA1154" box="[151,316,761,783]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Schinia masoni:</emphasis>
Franclemont and Todd 1983:158
</taxonomicName>
.—Poole 1989:895.—Poole and Gentili 1996:771.—Hardwick 1996:154.— Byers 1989:210 [life history].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFC3E929BBA4972EFBF216C8" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC3E929BBA4972EFBF216C8" blockId="9.[151,1436,858,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BBA4972EFEF71128" bold="true" box="[151,273,858,883]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC3E929BA28972EFE281128" box="[283,462,858,883]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BA28972EFE281128" box="[283,462,858,883]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Schinia volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an extremely variable species across its wide geographic range. Specimens most resembling the 
<typeStatus id="54E9FED8FFC3E929BA7F970AFE4811CC" box="[332,430,894,919]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
have a dark reddish-pink forewing and dark pink hind wing (
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929BFBF970AFAFC11CC" box="[1164,1306,894,919]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 34" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1640,1663]" captionTargetBox="[296,1262,221,1571]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[293,1262,193,1602]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 34. Adults. 20, Schinia volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 00148758; 21, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155024; 22, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155018; 23, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255716; 24, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255719; 25, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255720; 26, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255721; 27, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255722; 28, S. volupia (S. masoni, holotype), ♀, Colorado, Denver; 29, S. fulleri (holotype), ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station; 30, S. fulleri, ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNMENT 00148805; 31, S. biforma, ♀, Texas, Cottle Co., Paducah, USNMENT 00147523; 32, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 00148806; 33, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Refuge, USNMENT 00147522; 34, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 0 0 147521." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248749/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Figs. 22–23</figureCitation>
). Forewing ground color can vary from ochreous (
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929B97C97D6FD3F11E0" box="[591,729,930,955]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 19" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1696,1719]" captionTargetBox="[288,1301,247,1645]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[286,1301,193,1670]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 19. Adults. 5, Schinia miniana, ♀, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNMENT 00148151; 6, S. miniana, ♀, Utah, Washington Co., Hurricane, USNMENT 00148153; 7, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Presidio Co., Shafter, USNMENT 00148149; 8, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148148; 9, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring; 10, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148800; 11, S. sanrafaeli, ♂, Utah, Grand Co., 1 mi E of Green River, USNMENT 00158786; 12, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, southern, USNMENT 00148801; 13, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00255726; 14, S. volupia, ♀, New Mexico, Luna Co., Deming, USNMENT 00148147; 15, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00158767; 16, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Kerr Co., Kerrville, USNMENT 00148802; 17, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Johnson Co., Cleburne State Park, USNMENT 00147634; 18, S. volupia, ♂, Oklahoma, Murray Co., 1 km W Turner Falls, Arbuckle Mts., USNMENT 00148803; 19, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 0 0 148804." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248748/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Figs. 15–16</figureCitation>
), gradually becoming more pink (
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929BF6F97D6FB0011E0" box="[1116,1254,930,955]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 19" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1696,1719]" captionTargetBox="[288,1301,247,1645]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[286,1301,193,1670]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 19. Adults. 5, Schinia miniana, ♀, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNMENT 00148151; 6, S. miniana, ♀, Utah, Washington Co., Hurricane, USNMENT 00148153; 7, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Presidio Co., Shafter, USNMENT 00148149; 8, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148148; 9, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring; 10, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148800; 11, S. sanrafaeli, ♂, Utah, Grand Co., 1 mi E of Green River, USNMENT 00158786; 12, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, southern, USNMENT 00148801; 13, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00255726; 14, S. volupia, ♀, New Mexico, Luna Co., Deming, USNMENT 00148147; 15, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00158767; 16, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Kerr Co., Kerrville, USNMENT 00148802; 17, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Johnson Co., Cleburne State Park, USNMENT 00147634; 18, S. volupia, ♂, Oklahoma, Murray Co., 1 km W Turner Falls, Arbuckle Mts., USNMENT 00148803; 19, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 0 0 148804." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248748/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Figs. 17–18</figureCitation>
), to darker pink (
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929BBAC97B2FECE1184" box="[159,296,966,991]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 5 – 19" captionStart-1="FIGURES 20 – 34" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,1696,1719]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,264,1640,1663]" captionTargetBox-0="[288,1301,247,1645]" captionTargetBox-1="[296,1262,221,1571]" captionTargetId-0="figure@10.[286,1301,193,1670]" captionTargetId-1="figure@11.[293,1262,193,1602]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="FIGURES 5 – 19. Adults. 5, Schinia miniana, ♀, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNMENT 00148151; 6, S. miniana, ♀, Utah, Washington Co., Hurricane, USNMENT 00148153; 7, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Presidio Co., Shafter, USNMENT 00148149; 8, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148148; 9, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring; 10, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148800; 11, S. sanrafaeli, ♂, Utah, Grand Co., 1 mi E of Green River, USNMENT 00158786; 12, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, southern, USNMENT 00148801; 13, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00255726; 14, S. volupia, ♀, New Mexico, Luna Co., Deming, USNMENT 00148147; 15, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00158767; 16, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Kerr Co., Kerrville, USNMENT 00148802; 17, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Johnson Co., Cleburne State Park, USNMENT 00147634; 18, S. volupia, ♂, Oklahoma, Murray Co., 1 km W Turner Falls, Arbuckle Mts., USNMENT 00148803; 19, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 0 0 148804." captionText-1="FIGURES 20 – 34. Adults. 20, Schinia volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 00148758; 21, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155024; 22, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155018; 23, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255716; 24, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255719; 25, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255720; 26, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255721; 27, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255722; 28, S. volupia (S. masoni, holotype), ♀, Colorado, Denver; 29, S. fulleri (holotype), ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station; 30, S. fulleri, ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNMENT 00148805; 31, S. biforma, ♀, Texas, Cottle Co., Paducah, USNMENT 00147523; 32, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 00148806; 33, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Refuge, USNMENT 00147522; 34, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 0 0 147521." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/248748/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/248749/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Figs. 19–21</figureCitation>
), to dark reddish-pink, to maroon (
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929B99D97B2FCDE1184" box="[686,824,966,991]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 34" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1640,1663]" captionTargetBox="[296,1262,221,1571]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[293,1262,193,1602]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 34. Adults. 20, Schinia volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 00148758; 21, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155024; 22, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155018; 23, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255716; 24, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255719; 25, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255720; 26, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255721; 27, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255722; 28, S. volupia (S. masoni, holotype), ♀, Colorado, Denver; 29, S. fulleri (holotype), ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station; 30, S. fulleri, ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNMENT 00148805; 31, S. biforma, ♀, Texas, Cottle Co., Paducah, USNMENT 00147523; 32, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 00148806; 33, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Refuge, USNMENT 00147522; 34, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 0 0 147521." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248749/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Figs. 24–25</figureCitation>
). All of these forms have a pink to slightly darker pink hind wing. In other forms the forewing is mixed with dark reddish-pink and ochreous (
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929BF51979EFB0E1658" box="[1122,1256,1002,1027]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 34" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1640,1663]" captionTargetBox="[296,1262,221,1571]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[293,1262,193,1602]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 34. Adults. 20, Schinia volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 00148758; 21, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155024; 22, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155018; 23, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255716; 24, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255719; 25, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255720; 26, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255721; 27, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255722; 28, S. volupia (S. masoni, holotype), ♀, Colorado, Denver; 29, S. fulleri (holotype), ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station; 30, S. fulleri, ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNMENT 00148805; 31, S. biforma, ♀, Texas, Cottle Co., Paducah, USNMENT 00147523; 32, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 00148806; 33, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Refuge, USNMENT 00147522; 34, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 0 0 147521." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248749/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Figs. 26–29</figureCitation>
) and these have a gray hind wing mixed with some pink. Specimens previously recognized as 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC3E929BF07907BFAE1167C" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" box="[1076,1287,1038,1063]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoni">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BF07907BFB40167D" box="[1076,1190,1039,1062]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">S. masoni</emphasis>
(Smith)
</taxonomicName>
have a dark reddish-pink forewing and dark gray hind wing (
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929B98A9046FCA41610" box="[697,834,1074,1099]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 34" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1640,1663]" captionTargetBox="[296,1262,221,1571]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[293,1262,193,1602]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 34. Adults. 20, Schinia volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 00148758; 21, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155024; 22, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155018; 23, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255716; 24, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255719; 25, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255720; 26, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255721; 27, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255722; 28, S. volupia (S. masoni, holotype), ♀, Colorado, Denver; 29, S. fulleri (holotype), ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station; 30, S. fulleri, ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNMENT 00148805; 31, S. biforma, ♀, Texas, Cottle Co., Paducah, USNMENT 00147523; 32, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 00148806; 33, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Refuge, USNMENT 00147522; 34, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 0 0 147521." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248749/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Figs. 30–31</figureCitation>
). There is also variation in the form of the antemedial and postmedial lines varying from a solid, thin white line (
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929B8199022FC561634" box="[810,944,1110,1135]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 19" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1696,1719]" captionTargetBox="[288,1301,247,1645]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[286,1301,193,1670]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 19. Adults. 5, Schinia miniana, ♀, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNMENT 00148151; 6, S. miniana, ♀, Utah, Washington Co., Hurricane, USNMENT 00148153; 7, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Presidio Co., Shafter, USNMENT 00148149; 8, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148148; 9, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring; 10, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148800; 11, S. sanrafaeli, ♂, Utah, Grand Co., 1 mi E of Green River, USNMENT 00158786; 12, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, southern, USNMENT 00148801; 13, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00255726; 14, S. volupia, ♀, New Mexico, Luna Co., Deming, USNMENT 00148147; 15, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00158767; 16, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Kerr Co., Kerrville, USNMENT 00148802; 17, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Johnson Co., Cleburne State Park, USNMENT 00147634; 18, S. volupia, ♂, Oklahoma, Murray Co., 1 km W Turner Falls, Arbuckle Mts., USNMENT 00148803; 19, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 0 0 148804." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248748/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Figs. 15–18</figureCitation>
) to becoming a series of short dashes along wing veins that may or may not be connected by pale pink scales (
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929B84D900EFBEE16C8" box="[894,1032,1146,1171]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 5 – 19" captionStart-1="FIGURES 20 – 34" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,1696,1719]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,264,1640,1663]" captionTargetBox-0="[288,1301,247,1645]" captionTargetBox-1="[296,1262,221,1571]" captionTargetId-0="figure@10.[286,1301,193,1670]" captionTargetId-1="figure@11.[293,1262,193,1602]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="FIGURES 5 – 19. Adults. 5, Schinia miniana, ♀, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNMENT 00148151; 6, S. miniana, ♀, Utah, Washington Co., Hurricane, USNMENT 00148153; 7, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Presidio Co., Shafter, USNMENT 00148149; 8, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148148; 9, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring; 10, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148800; 11, S. sanrafaeli, ♂, Utah, Grand Co., 1 mi E of Green River, USNMENT 00158786; 12, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, southern, USNMENT 00148801; 13, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00255726; 14, S. volupia, ♀, New Mexico, Luna Co., Deming, USNMENT 00148147; 15, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00158767; 16, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Kerr Co., Kerrville, USNMENT 00148802; 17, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Johnson Co., Cleburne State Park, USNMENT 00147634; 18, S. volupia, ♂, Oklahoma, Murray Co., 1 km W Turner Falls, Arbuckle Mts., USNMENT 00148803; 19, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 0 0 148804." captionText-1="FIGURES 20 – 34. Adults. 20, Schinia volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 00148758; 21, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155024; 22, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155018; 23, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255716; 24, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255719; 25, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255720; 26, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255721; 27, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255722; 28, S. volupia (S. masoni, holotype), ♀, Colorado, Denver; 29, S. fulleri (holotype), ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station; 30, S. fulleri, ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNMENT 00148805; 31, S. biforma, ♀, Texas, Cottle Co., Paducah, USNMENT 00147523; 32, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 00148806; 33, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Refuge, USNMENT 00147522; 34, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 0 0 147521." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/248748/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/248749/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Figs. 19–31</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFC3E929BBF490EAFE2F14AC" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC3E929BBF490EAFE2F14AC" blockId="9.[151,1436,858,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BBF490EAFEBF16EC" bold="true" box="[199,345,1182,1207]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BA5290EAFE4116EC" box="[353,423,1182,1207]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Head:</emphasis>
Frons, vertex, and labial palp ochreous; eyes large, round. 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BF6390EAFB4C16EC" box="[1104,1194,1182,1207]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Thorax:</emphasis>
Ground color darker ochreous than head. Foretibia with an elongate, curved inner spine with 1–2 smaller more slender spines proximally and 3–4 smaller, stout outer spines that are reduced in size proximally; middle and hind legs with obvious spines with the middle leg having a few more than the hind leg. 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929B8E99178FBA11778" box="[986,1095,1292,1315]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Forewing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929BF65917EFB061778" box="[1110,1248,1290,1315]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 5 – 19" captionStart-1="FIGURES 20 – 34" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,1696,1719]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,264,1640,1663]" captionTargetBox-0="[288,1301,247,1645]" captionTargetBox-1="[296,1262,221,1571]" captionTargetId-0="figure@10.[286,1301,193,1670]" captionTargetId-1="figure@11.[293,1262,193,1602]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="FIGURES 5 – 19. Adults. 5, Schinia miniana, ♀, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNMENT 00148151; 6, S. miniana, ♀, Utah, Washington Co., Hurricane, USNMENT 00148153; 7, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Presidio Co., Shafter, USNMENT 00148149; 8, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148148; 9, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring; 10, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148800; 11, S. sanrafaeli, ♂, Utah, Grand Co., 1 mi E of Green River, USNMENT 00158786; 12, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, southern, USNMENT 00148801; 13, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00255726; 14, S. volupia, ♀, New Mexico, Luna Co., Deming, USNMENT 00148147; 15, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00158767; 16, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Kerr Co., Kerrville, USNMENT 00148802; 17, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Johnson Co., Cleburne State Park, USNMENT 00147634; 18, S. volupia, ♂, Oklahoma, Murray Co., 1 km W Turner Falls, Arbuckle Mts., USNMENT 00148803; 19, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 0 0 148804." captionText-1="FIGURES 20 – 34. Adults. 20, Schinia volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 00148758; 21, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155024; 22, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155018; 23, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255716; 24, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255719; 25, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255720; 26, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255721; 27, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255722; 28, S. volupia (S. masoni, holotype), ♀, Colorado, Denver; 29, S. fulleri (holotype), ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station; 30, S. fulleri, ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNMENT 00148805; 31, S. biforma, ♀, Texas, Cottle Co., Paducah, USNMENT 00147523; 32, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 00148806; 33, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Refuge, USNMENT 00147522; 34, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 0 0 147521." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/248748/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/248749/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Figs. 12–28</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929BFDE917FFADE1778" box="[1261,1336,1291,1315]" captionStart="FIGURES 77 – 82" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1478,1501]" captionTargetBox="[217,1396,190,1422]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[150,1435,169,1454]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 77 – 82. Gaillardia aristata host of S. volupia. 77, S. volupia on flowerhead of G. aristata; 78, predominantly pink flowerhead of G. aristata; 79, flowerhead of G. aristata, photo by Steve O’Kane, used with permission; 80, field of G. aristata; 81, S. volupia (S. masoni, holotype), ♀, Colorado, Denver; 82, S. volupia, ♀, Colorado, Jefferson Co., Chimney Gulch, USNMENT 0 0 148807." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248755/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">81–82</figureCitation>
): Length 9.0–11.6 mm; ground color variable from pink to dark pink to maroon; antemedial line crenulate, curved; orbicular spot variable in size from a few white scales to a small spot contiguous with the antemedial line; reniform spot absent; postmedial line a white quadrate spot on the costa then forms a zigzag line to posterior margin; fringe testaceous flushed with pink. 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BAD191EEFD8717E8" box="[482,609,1434,1459]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFC3E929BAD191EEFDFC17E8" box="[482,538,1434,1459]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Hind</collectingCountry>
wing:
</emphasis>
Ground color pink to dark pink flushed with testaceous; fringe testaceous with pink basally. 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BA4B91CAFE0D178C" box="[376,491,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Abdomen:</emphasis>
Ochreous with a variable amount of pink caudally. Second sternite with well developed hair pencil and associated pocket. 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929B9AF9196FCA417A0" box="[668,834,1506,1531]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929B8619196FBEC17A0" box="[850,1034,1506,1531]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 46" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1769,1792]" captionTargetBox="[201,1347,229,1667]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[199,1357,193,1730]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 46. Male genitalia. 35, Schinia miniana, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNM 49921; 36, S. miniana, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNM 49477; 37, S. miniana, California, San Bernardino Co., Yermo, USNM 49479; 38, S. volupia, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50603; 39, S. volupia, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50602; 40, S. volupia, Texas, Burnet Co., Shovel Mountain, USNM 49471; 41, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., I- 70 roadside marker # 150, USNM 50607; 42, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50606; 43, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50605; 44, S. volupia, Colorado, Jefferson Co., Turkey Creek Canyon, USNM 49473; 45, S. fulleri, Florida, Levy Co., Williston, USNM 47050; 46, S. biforma, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNM 49590." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248750/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Figs. 38–40, 44</figureCitation>
): Uncus of moderate length, length 0.31–0.33 X length of valve; valve length 5.26–6.67 X width, apex narrow, robust setae along slightly scalloped posterior margin; corona reduced, consisting of less than eight setae or absent; ampulla large (length= 0.10–0.12 X length of valve); saccus V-shaped. 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929B906923AFD1F143C" box="[565,761,1614,1639]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Female genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFC3E929B83E923AFC7A143C" box="[781,924,1614,1639]" captionStart="FIGURES 59 – 66" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1394,1417]" captionTargetBox="[199,1414,206,1341]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[155,1440,193,1361]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 59 – 66. Female genitalia. 59, Schinia miniana, Texas, Presidio Co., Shafter, USNM 50619; 60, S. volupia, New Mexico, southern, USNM 50616; 61, S. volupia, Texas, Brazos Co., College Station, USNM 50618; 62, S. volupia, Texas, Montague Co., USNM 50617; 63, S. volupia, Colorado, Denver, USNM 50614; 64, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., I- 70 roadside marker # 150, USNM 136447; 65, S. fulleri, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNM 47051; 66, S. biforma, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNM 49590." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248752/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Figs. 60–63</figureCitation>
): Papillae anales triangulate, apex narrowly rounded; eighth segment with fine, elongate spicules; seventh segment with fine spicules extending onto distal margin, an irregular row of fine, elongate setae proximal to fine spicules, and shorter fine setae sparsely scattered on rest of segment; accessory bursae with three coils; corpus bursae slightly ovate; signa consisting of four elongate scobinate ribbons.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFC3E92FBBF49376FC961547" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC3E929BBF49376FDE21538" blockId="9.[151,1436,858,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BBF49376FE911540" bold="true" box="[199,375,1794,1819]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<typeStatus id="54E9FED8FFC3E929BBF49376FEE41540" box="[199,258,1794,1819]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC3E929BA4C9376FDD61540" box="[383,560,1794,1819]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BA4C9376FDD61540" box="[383,560,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Schinia volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 
<typeStatus id="54E9FED8FFC3E929B9729376FD4F1540" box="[577,681,1794,1819]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
♀, No locality; three labels: 1) 1040 (hand written in red ink), 2) 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC3E929BBA49352FE9C1564" authority="Fitch" authorityName="Fitch" box="[151,378,1830,1855]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomatidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BBA49352FEDF1564" box="[151,313,1830,1855]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Alaria volupia</emphasis>
Fitch
</taxonomicName>
(hand written in black ink), 3) 
<typeStatus id="54E9FED8FFC3E929B9EA9353FCF51564" box="[729,787,1831,1855]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Type</typeStatus>
, No. 283, 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFC3E929B8B49353FC501564" box="[903,950,1831,1855]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">U.S.</collectingCountry>
N.M. (red label printed and hand written in black ink). Deposited in USNM.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC3E929BBF4931AFACF15B0" blockId="9.[151,1436,858,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC3E929BBF4931AFE9215DD" box="[199,372,1902,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoni">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BBF4931AFE9215DD" box="[199,372,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Schinia masoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 
<typeStatus id="54E9FED8FFC3E929BAB7931BFE1215DC" box="[388,500,1903,1927]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
♀, five labels: 1) Denver, Colo. Bruce (hand written in black ink), 2) 36511 (
<typeStatus id="54E9FED8FFC3E929BE59931BFA7A15DC" box="[1386,1436,1903,1927]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">type</typeStatus>
set in black ink), 3) 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929BA4693FBFDB515F3" box="[373,595,1935,1960]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
Rhododipsa 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC3E929B93193E5FDB515F3" box="[514,595,1937,1960]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoni">masoni</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54E9FED8FFC3E929B96993E5FD7415F2" box="[602,658,1937,1961]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Type</typeStatus>
1 Smith (red bordered, hand written in black ink), 4) 
<typeStatus id="54E9FED8FFC3E929BFDB93E5FAC415F2" box="[1256,1314,1937,1961]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">Type</typeStatus>
, No. 4842, 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFC3E929BBA493C6FF201591" box="[151,198,1970,1994]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">U.S.</collectingCountry>
N.M. (red label printed and hand written in black ink), 5) 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC3E929B85893C5FBAD1592" box="[875,1099,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="166">
Rhododipsa 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC3E929B8C993C6FBAD1592" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" box="[1018,1099,1970,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoni">masoni</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Smith (black bordered white label with 
<typeStatus id="54E9FED8FFC3E929BA3E93A7FE9B15B0" box="[269,381,2003,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
and By printed in red). 
<typeStatus id="54E9FED8FFC3E929B9BA93A7FD1F15B0" box="[649,761,2003,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="166" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
designated by Todd (1982). Deposited in USNM.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2D10F2FFC0E92ABBA492D4FBF315B2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248748/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" targetBox="[288,1301,247,1645]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC0E92ABBA492D4FBF315B2" blockId="10.[151,1436,1696,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC0E92ABBA492D4FEA114EE" bold="true" box="[151,327,1696,1719]" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">FIGURES 5–19.</emphasis>
Adults. 5, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC0E92ABA8592D5FDBD14ED" box="[438,603,1697,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC0E92ABA8592D5FDBD14ED" box="[438,603,1697,1718]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">Schinia miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNMENT 00148151; 6, 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC0E92ABFFF92D5FAD914ED" box="[1228,1343,1697,1718]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC0E92ABFFF92D5FADC14ED" box="[1228,1338,1697,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">S. miniana</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
♀, Utah, Washington Co., Hurricane, USNMENT 00148153; 7, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC0E92AB9F192B4FCC8148E" box="[706,814,1728,1749]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC0E92AB9F192B4FCC8148E" box="[706,814,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">S. miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀, Texas, Presidio Co., Shafter, USNMENT 00148149; 8, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC0E92ABEBA92B4FF0C14AF" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC0E92ABEBA92B4FF0C14AF" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">S. miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148148; 9, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC0E92ABF8592AAFAC014AF" box="[1206,1318,1758,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC0E92ABF8592AAFAC014AF" box="[1206,1318,1758,1780]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">S. miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring; 10, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC0E92AB9D49289FCB01549" box="[743,854,1789,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC0E92AB9D49289FCB01549" box="[743,854,1789,1810]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">S. miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148800; 11, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC0E92AB9359368FD61156B" box="[518,647,1819,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC0E92AB9359368FD61156B" box="[518,647,1819,1841]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">S. sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Utah, Grand Co., 1 mi E of Green River, USNMENT 00158786; 12, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC0E92ABEBA9368FF051514" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomatidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC0E92ABEBA9368FF051514" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, New Mexico, southern, USNMENT 00148801; 13, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC0E92AB801934EFC7C1514" box="[818,922,1850,1871]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomatidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC0E92AB801934EFC7C1514" box="[818,922,1850,1871]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00255726; 14, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC0E92AB837932DFC891535" box="[772,879,1881,1902]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomatidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC0E92AB837932DFC891535" box="[772,879,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀, New Mexico, Luna Co., Deming, USNMENT 00148147; 15, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC0E92ABA1C930CFE7315D7" box="[303,405,1911,1933]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomatidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC0E92ABA1C930CFE7315D7" box="[303,405,1911,1933]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00158767; 16, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC0E92ABB8C93E2FEC115F0" box="[191,295,1942,1963]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomatidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC0E92ABB8C93E2FEC115F0" box="[191,295,1942,1963]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Texas, Kerr Co., Kerrville, USNMENT 00148802; 17, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC0E92AB8A793E2FC1A15F0" box="[916,1020,1942,1963]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomatidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC0E92AB8A793E2FC1A15F0" box="[916,1020,1942,1963]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Texas, Johnson Co., Cleburne State Park, USNMENT 00147634; 18, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC0E92ABAC593C1FDB81591" box="[502,606,1973,1994]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomatidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC0E92ABAC593C1FDB81591" box="[502,606,1973,1994]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Oklahoma, Murray Co., 1 km W Turner Falls, Arbuckle Mts., USNMENT 00148803; 19, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC0E92ABA1C93A0FE7315B3" box="[303,405,2003,2025]" class="Trematoda" family="Diplostomatidae" genus="Alaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="10" pageNumber="167" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC0E92ABA1C93A0FE7315B3" box="[303,405,2003,2025]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="167">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 0 0 148804.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2D10F2FFC1E92BBBA4921CFA7A15B5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248749/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" targetBox="[296,1262,221,1571]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC1E92BBBA4921CFA7A15B5" blockId="11.[151,1436,1640,2030]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BBBA4921CFEB51426" bold="true" box="[151,339,1640,1663]" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">FIGURES 20–34.</emphasis>
Adults. 20, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC1E92BBAFE921DFD8D1425" box="[461,619,1641,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BBAFE921DFD8D1425" box="[461,619,1641,1662]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">Schinia volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 00148758; 21, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC1E92BBE21921DFA911425" box="[1298,1399,1641,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BBE21921DFA911425" box="[1298,1399,1641,1662]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155024; 22, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC1E92BBEBA92FCFF0514E0" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BBEBA92FCFF0514E0" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155018; 23, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC1E92BBA0292B1FE711481" box="[305,407,1733,1754]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BBA0292B1FE711481" box="[305,407,1733,1754]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255716; 24, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC1E92BBA009290FE7C14A3" box="[307,410,1763,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BBA009290FE7C14A3" box="[307,410,1763,1785]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255719; 25, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC1E92BBA029376FE71154C" box="[305,407,1794,1815]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BBA029376FE71154C" box="[305,407,1794,1815]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255720; 26, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC1E92BBA029355FE71156D" box="[305,407,1825,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BBA029355FE71156D" box="[305,407,1825,1846]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255721; 27, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC1E92BBA029334FE71150F" box="[305,407,1855,1877]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BBA029334FE71150F" box="[305,407,1855,1877]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255722; 28, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC1E92BBA06932AFE781528" box="[309,414,1886,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BBA06932AFE781528" box="[309,414,1886,1907]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC1E92BBA9C932AFDF2152F" box="[431,532,1886,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoni">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BBA9C932AFDF2152F" box="[431,532,1886,1908]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">S. masoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype), ♀, Colorado, Denver; 29, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC1E92BB89A932AFBE51528" box="[937,1027,1886,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulleri">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BB89A932AFBE51528" box="[937,1027,1886,1907]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">S. fulleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(holotype), ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station; 30, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC1E92BBAD49309FDD815C9" box="[487,574,1917,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulleri">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BBAD49309FDD815C9" box="[487,574,1917,1938]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">S. fulleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNMENT 00148805; 31, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC1E92BBBA493E8FEE715EB" box="[151,257,1947,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biforma">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BBBA493E8FEE715EB" box="[151,257,1947,1969]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">S. biforma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀, Texas, Cottle Co., Paducah, USNMENT 00147523; 32, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC1E92BB84293E8FC3A15EB" box="[881,988,1947,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biforma">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BB84293E8FC3A15EB" box="[881,988,1947,1969]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">S. biforma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 00148806; 33, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC1E92BB99393CEFCE81594" box="[672,782,1978,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biforma">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BB99393CEFCE81594" box="[672,782,1978,1999]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">S. biforma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Refuge, USNMENT 00147522; 34, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC1E92BBA8393ADFDFF15B5" box="[432,537,2009,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biforma">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC1E92BBA8393ADFDFF15B5" box="[432,537,2009,2030]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="168">S. biforma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 0 0 147521.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2D10F2FFC6E92CBBA4929DFADF158C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248750/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" targetBox="[201,1347,229,1667]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC6E92CBBA4929DFADF158C" blockId="12.[151,1436,1769,2007]" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC6E92CBBA4929DFEB314A4" bold="true" box="[151,341,1769,1792]" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">FIGURES 35–46.</emphasis>
Male genitalia. 35, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC6E92CB916929EFD2A155B" box="[549,716,1770,1792]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC6E92CB916929EFD2A155B" box="[549,716,1770,1792]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">Schinia miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNM 49921; 36, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC6E92CBFEC929FFAAB155B" box="[1247,1357,1771,1792]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC6E92CBFEC929FFAAB155B" box="[1247,1357,1771,1792]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">S. miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNM 49477; 37, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC6E92CB8B0937DFC141544" box="[899,1010,1801,1823]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC6E92CB8B0937DFC141544" box="[899,1010,1801,1823]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">S. miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, California, San Bernardino Co., Yermo, USNM 49479; 38, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC6E92CBA6C935CFE211566" box="[351,455,1832,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC6E92CBA6C935CFE211566" box="[351,455,1832,1853]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50603; 39, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC6E92CBEBA935CFF051500" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC6E92CBEBA935CFF051500" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50602; 40, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC6E92CBFA99333FAE61500" box="[1178,1280,1862,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC6E92CBFA99333FAE61500" box="[1178,1280,1862,1884]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Texas, Burnet Co., Shovel Mountain, USNM 49471; 41, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC6E92CB9629311FD341521" box="[593,722,1893,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC6E92CB9629311FD341521" box="[593,722,1893,1914]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">S. sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Utah, Emery Co., I-70 roadside marker #150, USNM 50607; 42, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC6E92CBEBA9311FF1B15C3" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC6E92CBEBA9311FF1B15C3" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">S. sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50606; 43, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC6E92CB87A93F0FC2F15C3" box="[841,969,1923,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC6E92CB87A93F0FC2F15C3" box="[841,969,1923,1945]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">S. sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50605; 44, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC6E92CBA2793D7FE9815EC" box="[276,382,1954,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC6E92CBA2793D7FE9815EC" box="[276,382,1954,1976]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Colorado, Jefferson Co., Turkey Creek Canyon, USNM 49473; 45, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC6E92CBF5993D7FB2015EC" box="[1130,1222,1954,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulleri">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC6E92CBF5993D7FB2015EC" box="[1130,1222,1954,1976]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">S. fulleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Florida, Levy Co., Williston, USNM 47050; 46, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC6E92CBAF093B5FDCA158D" box="[451,556,1985,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biforma">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC6E92CBAF093B5FDCA158D" box="[451,556,1985,2006]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="169">S. biforma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNM 49590.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2D10F2FFC7E92DBBA4928BFADF15B6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248751/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="170" targetBox="[218,1373,195,1767]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC7E92DBBA4928BFADF15B6" blockId="13.[151,1436,1791,2029]" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC7E92DBBA4928BFEB0154E" bold="true" box="[151,342,1791,1814]" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">FIGURES 47–58.</emphasis>
Male aedeagi. 47, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC7E92DB92D9374FD23154D" box="[542,709,1792,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC7E92DB92D9374FD23154D" box="[542,709,1792,1814]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">Schinia miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNM 49921; 48, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC7E92DBFED9375FAAA154D" box="[1246,1356,1793,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC7E92DBFED9375FAAA154D" box="[1246,1356,1793,1814]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">S. miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNM 49477; 49, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC7E92DB8B0936BFC14156E" box="[899,1010,1823,1845]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC7E92DB8B0936BFC14156E" box="[899,1010,1823,1845]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">S. miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, California, San Bernardino Co., Yermo, USNM 49479; 50, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC7E92DBA6C934AFE211509" box="[351,455,1853,1875]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC7E92DBA6C934AFE211509" box="[351,455,1853,1875]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50603; 51, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC7E92DBEBA934AFF05152A" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC7E92DBEBA934AFF05152A" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50602; 52, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC7E92DBFA99328FAE6152A" box="[1178,1280,1884,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC7E92DBFA99328FAE6152A" box="[1178,1280,1884,1905]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Texas, Burnet Co., Shovel Mountain, USNM 49471; 53, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC7E92DB962930FFD3415CB" box="[593,722,1915,1936]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC7E92DB962930FFD3415CB" box="[593,722,1915,1936]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">S. sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Utah, Emery Co., I-70 roadside marker #150, USNM 50607; 54, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC7E92DBEBA930FFF1B15F4" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC7E92DBEBA930FFF1B15F4" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">S. sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50606; 55, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC7E92DB87A93EEFC2F15F4" box="[841,969,1946,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC7E92DB87A93EEFC2F15F4" box="[841,969,1946,1967]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">S. sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50605; 56, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC7E92DBA2793CDFE981596" box="[276,382,1976,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC7E92DBA2793CDFE981596" box="[276,382,1976,1998]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Colorado, Jefferson Co., Turkey Creek Canyon, USNM 49473; 57, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC7E92DBF5993CDFB201596" box="[1130,1222,1976,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulleri">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC7E92DBF5993CDFB201596" box="[1130,1222,1976,1998]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">S. fulleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Florida, Levy Co., Williston, USNM 47050; 58, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC7E92DBAF093A3FDCA15B7" box="[451,556,2007,2028]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biforma">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC7E92DBAF093A3FDCA15B7" box="[451,556,2007,2028]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="170">S. biforma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNM 49590.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2D10F2FFC4E92EBBA49106FC151458" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248752/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" targetBox="[199,1414,206,1341]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC4E92EBBA49106FC151458" blockId="14.[151,1436,1394,1539]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC4E92EBBA49106FEB017DC" bold="true" box="[151,342,1394,1417]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">FIGURES 59–66.</emphasis>
Female genitalia. 59, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC4E92EB9719107FD0C17D3" box="[578,746,1395,1416]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC4E92EB9719107FD0C17D3" box="[578,746,1395,1416]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">Schinia miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Texas, Presidio Co., Shafter, USNM 50619; 60, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC4E92EBFC79107FABA17D3" box="[1268,1372,1395,1416]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC4E92EBFC79107FABA17D3" box="[1268,1372,1395,1416]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, New Mexico, southern, USNM 50616; 61, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC4E92EB91691E6FD6B17FD" box="[549,653,1425,1447]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC4E92EB91691E6FD6B17FD" box="[549,653,1425,1447]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Texas, Brazos Co., College Station, USNM 50618; 62, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC4E92EBFD091E6FAAD17FD" box="[1251,1355,1425,1447]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC4E92EBFD091E6FAAD17FD" box="[1251,1355,1425,1447]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Texas, Montague Co., USNM 50617; 63, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC4E92EB93991C4FD95179E" box="[522,627,1456,1477]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC4E92EB93991C4FD95179E" box="[522,627,1456,1477]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Colorado, Denver, USNM 50614; 64, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC4E92EBF2991C4FB78179E" box="[1050,1182,1456,1477]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC4E92EBF2991C4FB78179E" box="[1050,1182,1456,1477]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">S. sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Utah, Emery Co., I-70 roadside marker #150, USNM 136447; 65, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC4E92EB97891BBFD4417BF" box="[587,674,1487,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulleri">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC4E92EB97891BBFD4417BF" box="[587,674,1487,1508]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">S. fulleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNM 47051; 66, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC4E92EBEBA91BBFF011459" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biforma">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC4E92EBEBA91BBFF011459" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">S. biforma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNM 49590.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC4E92FBBF4925BFD9514EA" blockId="14.[151,1436,1583,2038]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,151,1999]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC4E92EBBF4925BFE521413" bold="true" box="[199,436,1583,1608]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">Material examined.</emphasis>
All specimens are from USNM collection except as noted. (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC4E92EBFB19244FB36141C" box="[1154,1232,1584,1608]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">198 ♂</specimenCount>
, 127 ♀). 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC4E92EBE76925BFEA31437" bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFC4E92EBE76925BFA701413" box="[1349,1430,1583,1608]" name="United States of America" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
: COLORADO:
</emphasis>
BOULDER CO.: Boulder, 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC4E92EB94E9227FD351437" box="[637,723,1619,1644]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6764" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" unit="ft" value="5500.0">5500 ft</quantity>
., 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC4E92EB9D79220FC981437" box="[740,894,1619,1644]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" value="1961-06-12">12 June 1961</date>
, J.R. Stainer (CNC). DENVER CO.: Denver, (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC4E92EBEBD9220FF4814D4" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">3 ♂</specimenCount>
, 3 ♀) ♀ genitalia slide USNM 49474, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC4E92EB9599203FD9114CB" box="[618,631,1655,1680]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" value="1915-07-08">8</date>
–15 July (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC4E92EB9D9920CFCFE14D4" box="[746,792,1656,1680]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀). DOUGLAS CO.: 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC4E92EBF06920CFB8F14CB" box="[1077,1129,1655,1680]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" unit="mi" value="3.0">3 mi</quantity>
E of Palmer Lake, County Line Rd. at Beacon 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFC4E92EBA4B92EFFE4E14EF" box="[376,424,1691,1716]" name="Lithuania" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">Lite</collectingCountry>
, 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC4E92EBA8792EFFDEC14EF" box="[436,522,1691,1716]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.22504" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" unit="ft" value="7300.0">7300 ft</quantity>
., 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC4E92EB92992EFFD5614E8" box="[538,688,1691,1715]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" value="2004-06-27">27 June 2004</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC4E92EB9F292EFFD0814E8" box="[705,750,1691,1715]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">3 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀), C. Harp &amp; B. Byers (CEH); 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, County Line Rd. at Beacon 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFC4E92EBAFE92CAFE1B148C" box="[461,509,1726,1751]" name="Lithuania" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">Lite</collectingCountry>
, 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC4E92EB93B92CBFDBB148C" box="[520,605,1726,1751]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.22504" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" unit="ft" value="7300.0">7300 ft</quantity>
., 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC4E92EB95E92CBFD08148C" box="[621,750,1726,1751]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" value="2004-07-01">1 July 2004</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC4E92EB9CC92CBFCCC148C" box="[767,810,1727,1751]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">3 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀) m genitalia slide USNM 49475, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC4E92EBFEA92CAFB01148C" box="[1241,1255,1726,1751]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" value="2004-07-05">5</date>
July 2004 (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC4E92EBE5E92CBFA71148C" box="[1389,1431,1727,1751]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀) ♀ genitalia slide USNM 49476, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC4E92EB9589296FD9F14A0" box="[619,633,1762,1787]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" value="2004-07-06">6</date>
July 2004 (1 ♀), on 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC4E92EB8BA9296FB3114A1" authority="C. Harp" authorityName="C. Harp" box="[905,1239,1762,1787]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aristata">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC4E92EB8BA9296FB8514A0" box="[905,1123,1762,1787]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">Gaillardia aristata</emphasis>
, C. Harp
</taxonomicName>
(USNM, CEH). FREMONT CO.: Canon City, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC4E92EBAC09373FD691544" box="[499,655,1799,1823]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" value="1973-08-10">10 Aug. 1973</date>
(1 ♀), G.F. Hevel. LARIMER CO.: Ft. Collins, (1 ♀). JEFFERSON CO.: Chimney Gulch, (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC4E92EBAAF935EFE2F1519" box="[412,457,1834,1858]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">4 ♂</specimenCount>
, 2 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC4E92EB925935EFD711519" box="[534,663,1834,1858]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" value="1924-06-30">24–30 June</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC4E92EB99A935EFD351519" box="[681,723,1834,1858]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 5 ♀) ♀ genitalia slide USNM 50614; Chimney Gulch, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC4E92EBE75935EFF34153D" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" value="1927-06-17">17 June 1927</date>
, C.L. (CNC); Golden, (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC4E92EBADB933AFDF3153D" box="[488,533,1870,1894]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 3 ♀); Morrison, June (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC4E92EB81F933AFCBA153D" box="[812,860,1870,1894]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀); 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFC4E92EB8809339FBE5153D" box="[947,1027,1869,1894]" name="Turkey" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">Turkey</collectingCountry>
Creek Canyon, June (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC4E92EBE34933AFAD1153D" box="[1287,1335,1870,1894]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">4 ♂</specimenCount>
, 5 ♀) ♂ genitalia slide USNM 49473, ♀ genitalia slide USNM 50615. 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC4E92EB86B9305FC3515D1" bold="true" box="[856,979,1905,1930]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171">KANSAS:</emphasis>
CLARK CO.: No specific locality, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC4E92EBE5A9306FF2915F5" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" value="1962-05">May 1962</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC4E92EBBD293E2FEED15F5" box="[225,267,1942,1966]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC4E92EBA2C93E2FE7715F5" box="[287,401,1941,1966]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" value="1962-06">June 1962</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC4E92EBA9093E2FE2B15F6" box="[419,461,1942,1966]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 2 ♀), F.H. Snow. MORTON CO.: Cimarron National Grasslands, 7.5 mi N Elkhart, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC4E92EBEB393E1FEE9158A" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" value="2000-08-26">26 Aug. 2000</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC4E92EBA1793CDFEB7158A" box="[292,337,1977,2001]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), D.J. Wright (DJW). SEWARD CO.: 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC4E92EB83C93CDFCB71589" box="[783,849,1977,2002]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0921472" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" unit="mi" value="13.0">13 mi</quantity>
NE Liberal, 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC4E92EB8D893CDFBA41589" box="[1003,1090,1977,2002]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2296" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" unit="ft" value="2700.0">2700 ft</quantity>
., 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC4E92EBF6693CDFB101589" box="[1109,1270,1977,2002]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" value="1975-08-26">26 Aug. 1975</date>
, Lafontaine &amp; Bowen (CNC). TREGO CO.: Cedar Bluff Dam, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC4E92EB98993A9FCAD15AE" box="[698,843,2013,2038]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" value="1999-07-28">28 July 1999</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC4E92EB86D93A9FC6E15AE" box="[862,904,2013,2037]" pageId="14" pageNumber="171" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), E.H. Metzler (EHM); Cedar Bluff State Park, T14S, R22W, Sec. 23 &amp; 26, short grass prairie, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9E094ECFC9612EB" box="[723,880,152,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1987-06-14">14 June 1987</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB8B794E3FC5312F4" box="[900,949,151,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">6 ♂</specimenCount>
, 2 ♀), E.H. Metzler (EHM); Cedar Bluff Wildlife Area, yucca dominated prairie, CBSY, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9EE94C8FC9B128F" box="[733,893,187,212]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1999-07-28">28 July 1999</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB8A794C8FC2F128F" box="[916,969,188,212]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
), E.H. Metzler (EHM). 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC5E92FBFC794CFFA7A128F" bold="true" box="[1268,1436,187,212]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">LOUISIANA:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFC5E92FBBA49494FEC512A3" box="[151,291,224,248]" name="Cameroon" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">CAMERON</collectingCountry>
PARISH: Johnson’s Bayou, T15S, R13W, Sec. 18, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB8439494FC9812A3" box="[880,894,224,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1985-08-08">8</date>
Aug. 1985 (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBF219494FBDB12A3" box="[1042,1085,224,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBF679494FB1612A3" box="[1108,1264,223,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1985-08-12">12 Aug. 1985</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBE3294ABFAC912AC" box="[1281,1327,223,248]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">6 ♂</specimenCount>
, 4 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBEB39494FEEF1347" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1985-09-10">10 Sep. 1985</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBA289577FEAF1340" box="[283,329,259,283]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">3 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBAAF9577FDD21347" box="[412,564,259,284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1985-09-14">14 Sep. 1985</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB9759577FD921340" box="[582,628,259,283]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">8 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9F49577FCB81347" box="[711,862,259,284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1985-09-19">19 Sep. 1985</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB8439577FC791340" box="[880,927,259,283]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">4 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀), V.A. Brou (VAB). NATCHITOCHES PARISH: Kisatchie National Forest, W. of Gorum, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9EB9552FC941364" box="[728,882,294,319]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1996-08-16">16 Aug. 1996</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB8B69553FC561364" box="[901,944,295,319]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀), V.A. Brou (VAB); Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9B6953FFCF91338" box="[645,799,331,355]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1997-08-22">22 Aug. 1997</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB81D953FFCBD1338" box="[814,859,331,355]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">4 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB842953FFBEC1338" box="[881,1034,330,355]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1995-08-24">24 Aug. 1995</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBF29953FFBB31338" box="[1050,1109,331,355]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">10 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBF59953FFAE21338" box="[1130,1284,331,355]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1989-08-29">29 Aug. 1989</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBE25953FFAA61339" box="[1302,1344,331,355]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 2 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBEBD953EFEE113DC" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1999-09-05">5 Sep. 1999</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBA25951BFEA513DC" box="[278,323,367,391]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBA6B951AFE3B13DC" box="[344,477,366,391]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1999-09-06">6 Sep. 1999</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBADF951BFDFF13DC" box="[492,537,367,391]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
), V.A. Brou (VAB). 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC5E92FB9CC951AFC2E13DC" bold="true" box="[767,968,366,391]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">
NEW 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFC5E92FB87A951AFC2213DC" box="[841,964,366,391]" name="Mexico" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
southern [no specific locality], 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBE1F951BFA7A13DC" box="[1324,1436,367,391]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="2010-09-01">1–10 Sep.</date>
(1 ♀) genitalia slide USNM 50616, O. Polling. GRANT CO.: Mangas Springs, 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC5E92FBF2695E6FB8C13F0" box="[1045,1130,402,427]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47828" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" unit="ft" value="4850.0">4850 ft</quantity>
., 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBF4895E6FAF213F1" box="[1147,1300,402,426]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1991-08-13">13 Aug. 1991</date>
(1 ♀), C.D. Ferris (CSU). QUAY CO.: Tucumcari, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB96795C1FD0D1395" box="[596,747,437,463]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1924-05-26">26 May 1924</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB9CD95C2FCCC1395" box="[766,810,438,462]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), J.R. Horton. TORRANCE CO.: 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC5E92FBF9D95C1FB041395" box="[1198,1250,437,462]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.656064" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" unit="mi" value="6.0">6 mi</quantity>
N Gran Quivira National Monument along Hwy. 55, E shoulder, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB98695AEFCD913A9" box="[693,831,474,498]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="2002-08-08">8 Aug. 2002</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB87C95AEFC9C13AA" box="[847,890,474,498]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">3 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀) ♂ genitalia slides USNM 50602, 50603, ♀ genitalia slide USNM 50604, C. Harp (CEH). 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC5E92FB9AC9589FCB3104D" bold="true" box="[671,853,509,534]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">OKLAHOMA:</emphasis>
CADDO CO.: Red Rock Canyon State Park, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBE6B958AFF291062" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1987-07-08">8 July 1987</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBBD39655FEE81062" box="[224,270,545,569]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀), E.H. Metzler (EHM), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9699655FCFB1062" box="[602,797,545,570]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1979-05-30" valueMax="1979-05-31" valueMin="1979-05-30">30–31 May 1979</date>
(2 ♀), R.J. McGinley. 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFC5E92FBF169655FB591062" box="[1061,1215,545,569]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">MARSHALL</collectingCountry>
CO.: University of Oklahoma Biological Station, Willis, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB90D9631FD361006" box="[574,720,580,605]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1952-07-14">14 July 1952</date>
(1 ♀), D.R. Davis. MURRAY CO.: Arbuckle Mountains, 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC5E92FBE509631FA7A1006" box="[1379,1436,580,605]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
W Turner Falls, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBA63961DFDEA10DA" box="[336,524,616,641]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1984-07-19" valueMax="1984-07-30" valueMin="1984-07-19">19–30 July 1984</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB92F961DFDAF10DA" box="[540,585,617,641]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">4 ♂</specimenCount>
), D. &amp; M. Davis. 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC5E92FB825961CFC9B10DA" bold="true" box="[790,893,616,641]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">TEXAS:</emphasis>
ANGELINA CO.: Zavalla, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBF8F961DFAB610DA" box="[1212,1360,616,641]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1960-04-27">27 Apr. 1960</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBE50961DFA6B10DA" box="[1379,1421,617,641]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), F.C. Pratt. ARANSAS CO.: Goose Island State Park, north of Aransas Pass, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBF3696F9FB7B10FE" box="[1029,1181,652,677]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1966-06-18">18 June 1966</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBF8296F9FB3B10FE" box="[1201,1245,653,677]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), J.R. Heitzman. BASTROP CO.: Bastrop State Park, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB90496C4FD2B1093" box="[567,717,687,712]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1963-06-27">27 June 1963</date>
(1 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB82D96C4FC521093" box="[798,948,687,712]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1964-06-30">30 June 1964</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB8F596C4FC17109C" box="[966,1009,688,712]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀) ♀ genitalia slide USNM 49472, A. &amp; M.E. Blanchard. BEXAR CO.: San Antonio, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9D796A7FC9B10B7" box="[740,893,723,748]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1906-05-15">15 May 1906</date>
(1 ♀), F.C. Pratt. BLANCO CO.: Blanco State Park, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBBE4968CFE8A114B" box="[215,364,759,784]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1963-06-12">12 June 1963</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBA4E968CFE401154" box="[381,422,760,784]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀), A. &amp; M.E. Blanchard; Round Mt., (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB8B3968CFC4D114B" box="[896,939,760,784]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
). BRAZOS CO.: College Station, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBE1A968CFA98114B" box="[1321,1406,760,784]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1920-05">20 May</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBEBE968CFF481168" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBBF0976FFEED1168" box="[195,267,795,819]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">1 June</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBA2E976FFEA11168" box="[285,327,795,819]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBA6F976FFE551168" box="[348,435,795,819]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1914-06">14 June</date>
(3 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB937976FFDBC1168" box="[516,602,795,819]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1920-06">20 June</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB959976FFD701168" box="[618,662,795,819]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">3 ♂</specimenCount>
, 2 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9D0976FFCDC1168" box="[739,826,795,819]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1923-06">23 June</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB878976FFC901168" box="[843,886,795,819]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 3 ♀), P.O. Glick; College Station, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBE33976FFA7E1168" box="[1280,1432,795,819]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1979-06-18">18 June 1979</date>
, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBBA4974BFED1110C" box="[151,311,831,855]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1979-08-13">13 Aug. 1979</date>
, R.S. Peigler (CNC). BURNET CO.: Shovel Mountain, (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB8F7974BFC17110C" box="[964,1009,831,855]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">3 ♂</specimenCount>
, 2 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBF77974AFB22110C" box="[1092,1220,830,855]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1916-04-23">16–23 Apr.</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBFE4974BFAE2110C" box="[1239,1284,831,855]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBE65974BFF2E1120" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1924-04-30">24–30 Apr.</date>
(1 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBA2E9716FE771120" box="[285,401,866,891]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1916-05-08">8–16 May</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBA979717FE361120" box="[420,464,867,891]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), 1– 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9329717FDF61120" box="[513,528,867,891]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">7</date>
July (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB9689717FD621120" box="[603,644,867,891]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
) genitalia slide USNM 49471. 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFC5E92FB8D99717FB901120" box="[1002,1142,867,891]" name="Cameroon" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">CAMERON</collectingCountry>
CO.: Brownsville, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBE669717FF2911C4" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1929-04-01">1 Apr. 1929</date>
(1 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBA1197F3FE9E11C5" box="[290,376,903,927]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="2011-06">11 June</date>
(
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC5E92FBABA97F3FE4911C4" box="[393,431,903,927]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" unit="m" value="1.0">1m</quantity>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBAF697F3FDBD11C4" box="[453,603,902,927]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1895-06-23">23 June 1895</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB95D97F3FD7F11C5" box="[622,665,903,927]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀); San Benito, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB84797F2FC0011C4" box="[884,998,902,927]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1915-05-08">8–15 May</date>
(1 ♀). COTTLE CO.: Paducah, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBE6B97F3FF291198" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1967-07-09">9 July 1967</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBBD097DEFEF61199" box="[227,272,938,962]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), A. &amp; M.E. Blanchard. DALLAS CO.: Dallas, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB87297DEFC3A1199" box="[833,988,938,963]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1938-05-21">21 May 1938</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB8C297DEFBF81199" box="[1009,1054,938,962]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
). GALVESTON CO.: Galveston, May (1 ♀), F.E. Snow. HARRIS CO.: Houston, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9F497BAFCB211BD" box="[711,852,973,998]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1960-06-03">3 June 1960</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB85B97BAFC7311BD" box="[872,917,974,998]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB89E97BAFBA511BD" box="[941,1091,973,998]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1960-07-28">28 July 1960</date>
(1 ♀), A. &amp; M.E. Blanchard. HEMPHILL CO.: 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC5E92FBA549785FE7F1651" box="[359,409,1009,1034]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.656064" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" unit="mi" value="6.0">6 mi</quantity>
E Canadian, 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC5E92FB91D9786FD621651" box="[558,644,1009,1034]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" unit="ft" value="2000.0">2000 ft</quantity>
., 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9A19786FCF91651" box="[658,799,1009,1034]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1975-08-08">8 Aug. 1975</date>
, Lafontaine &amp; Bowen (CNC). JIM WELLS CO.: Sandia, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBBA49062FEC41675" box="[151,290,1046,1070]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1981-04-07">7 Apr. 1981</date>
, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBA029062FE2B1675" box="[305,461,1046,1070]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1981-06-19">19 June 1981</date>
, D. &amp; V. Hardwick (CNC). KENEDY CO.: Padre Island National Seashore, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBE769062FF29160A" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1979-09-24">24 Sep. 1979</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBBD1904DFEE8160A" box="[226,270,1081,1105]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), A. &amp; M.E. Blanchard. KERR CO.: Kerrville, (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB804904DFC82160A" box="[823,868,1081,1106]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">5 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀), Apr. (1 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBF0F904DFB321609" box="[1084,1236,1081,1106]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1906-05-31">31 May 1906</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBFDB904DFAF5160A" box="[1256,1299,1081,1105]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), F.C. Pratt. KLEBERG CO.: Kingsville, (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBADB9029FDF0162E" box="[488,534,1117,1141]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
). LA SALLE CO.: Artesia Wells, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB8AB9029FBC8162E" box="[920,1070,1117,1141]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1972-06-12">12 June 1972</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBF729029FB8D162E" box="[1089,1131,1117,1141]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), A. &amp; M.E. Blanchard, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBEB29029FEEE16C2" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1972-06-11">11 June 1972</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBA2490F5FEB416C3" box="[279,338,1153,1177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">23 ♂</specimenCount>
, 4 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBAAE90F5FDD716C2" box="[413,561,1153,1177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1972-06-12">12 June 1972</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB97390F5FD9C16C3" box="[576,634,1153,1177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">12 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9F690F5FCBF16C2" box="[709,857,1153,1177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1972-06-13">13 June 1972</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB85B90F5FC7216C3" box="[872,916,1153,1177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">4 ♂</specimenCount>
, 6 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB8D390F5FB9216C2" box="[992,1140,1153,1177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1972-06-20">20 June 1972</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBFB090F4FB4916C3" box="[1155,1199,1152,1177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">6 ♂</specimenCount>
, 17 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBE3B90F5FA7A16C2" box="[1288,1436,1153,1177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1972-06-21">21 June 1972</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBBAC90D1FF3C16E7" box="[159,218,1189,1213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">10 ♂</specimenCount>
, 15 ♀), D.C. Ferguson; Cotulla, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB97590D0FD3F16E6" box="[582,729,1188,1213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1906-04-15">15 Apr. 1906</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB9D890D1FCF216E6" box="[747,788,1189,1213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
). LLANO CO.: Llano, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBF2990D1FB4916E6" box="[1050,1199,1188,1213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1925-05-23">23 May 1925</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBF8D90D1FB0D16E6" box="[1214,1259,1189,1213]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
), genitalia slide FHB 1180. MATAGORDA CO.: Matagorda, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB99A90BCFCA316BB" box="[681,837,1223,1249]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1963-05-11">11 May 1963</date>
(1 ♀), G.F. Hevel. MONTAGUE CO.: No specific locality, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBBC49098FE6B175F" box="[247,397,1260,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1940-05-28">28 May 1940</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBA939098FE2D175F" box="[416,459,1260,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBAD39098FD9D175F" box="[480,635,1260,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1941-08-27">27 Aug. 1941</date>
(1 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9FE9098FC81175F" box="[717,871,1260,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1940-08-28">28 Aug. 1940</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB8499098FC42175F" box="[890,932,1260,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB8899098FBB2175F" box="[954,1108,1260,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1940-08-30">30 Aug. 1940</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBF569098FB74175F" box="[1125,1170,1260,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">3 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBF949098FACB175F" box="[1191,1325,1260,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1940-09-01">1 Sep. 1940</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBE739098FA8C175F" box="[1344,1386,1260,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBEB39098FEEE1773" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1941-09-21">21 Sep. 1941</date>
(2 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBA6E9164FE141773" box="[349,498,1296,1320]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1941-09-30">30 Sep. 1941</date>
(1 ♀) genitalia slide USNM 50617; 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC5E92FB8A69164FC2F1773" box="[917,969,1295,1320]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2874752" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" unit="mi" value="8.0">8 mi</quantity>
S of Forestburg, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBFBC9164FACD1773" box="[1167,1323,1296,1320]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1949-08-28">28 Aug. 1949</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBE0D9164FA8C1773" box="[1342,1386,1296,1320]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBEB3917BFEE81710" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1949-08-25">25 Aug. 1949</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBA129147FEAD1710" box="[289,331,1331,1355]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBA519147FE1A1710" box="[354,508,1331,1355]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1949-08-31">31 Aug. 1949</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB93C9147FDDC1710" box="[527,570,1331,1355]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9639147FD021710" box="[592,740,1331,1355]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1949-09-11">11 Sep. 1949</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB9C69147FCC41710" box="[757,802,1331,1355]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">3 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB8419147FBE01710" box="[882,1030,1331,1355]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1949-09-17">17 Sep. 1949</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBF249147FBA21710" box="[1047,1092,1331,1355]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">3 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBF699147FB081717" box="[1114,1262,1331,1356]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1950-09-24">24 Sep. 1950</date>
(1 ♀) genitalia slide USNM 50335. NUECES CO.: Corpus Christi, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9D59123FC9C1734" box="[742,890,1366,1391]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1906-04-12">12 Apr. 1906</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB8B89123FC201734" box="[907,966,1367,1391]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">13 ♂</specimenCount>
, 4 ♀), F.C. Pratt, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBFBC9122FAF51734" box="[1167,1299,1366,1391]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1951-10-06">6 Oct. 1951</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBE159123FAB71734" box="[1318,1361,1367,1391]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), O.C. Cartwright; N. Padre Island, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBAEB910FFDBA17C8" box="[472,604,1403,1427]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1974-09-09">9 Sep. 1974</date>
(1 ♀), A. &amp; M.E. Blanchard; Nueces River, (
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC5E92FBF65910FFB9A17C8" box="[1110,1148,1403,1427]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" unit="m" value="1.0">1m</quantity>
). PRESIDIO CO.: Marfa, Davis Mountains, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBA5491EBFE1A17EC" box="[359,508,1438,1463]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1960-09-11">11 Sep. 1960</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB93C91EBFDDD17EC" box="[527,571,1439,1463]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
). SAN PATRICIO CO.: Sinton, Welder Wildlife Refuge, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBFF491EAFAA917EC" box="[1223,1359,1438,1463]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1972-04-05">5 Apr. 1972</date>
(1 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBBA491B6FED61780" box="[151,304,1474,1499]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1964-04-22">22 Apr. 1964</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBA7591B6FE951781" box="[326,371,1474,1498]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBAF991B6FD801781" box="[458,614,1474,1499]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1977-05-17">17 May 1977</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB94891B6FD4F1781" box="[635,681,1474,1498]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9F291B7FCAD1780" box="[705,843,1474,1499]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1963-10-07">7 Oct. 1963</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB85391B6FC681781" box="[864,910,1474,1498]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 3 ♀), A. &amp; M.E. Blanchard; Sinton, Welder Wildlife Refuge, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBA699191FE1617A5" box="[346,496,1509,1534]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1984-09-25">25 Sep. 1984</date>
, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBACF9191FD7717A5" box="[508,657,1509,1534]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1987-10-15">15 Oct. 1987</date>
, D.F. Hardwick (CNC). UVALDE CO.: Sabinal, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBF899191FAB617A5" box="[1210,1360,1509,1535]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1910-05-26">26 May 1910</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBE509192FA6B17A5" box="[1379,1421,1510,1534]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBBA4927EFEEC1479" box="[151,266,1546,1570]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1910-05">May 1910</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBA2E927EFEAE1479" box="[285,328,1546,1570]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), F.C. Pratt; Utopia, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB907927DFD0E1479" box="[564,744,1545,1570]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1989-05-09" valueMax="1989-05-15" valueMin="1989-05-09">9–15 May 1989</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FB9C8927EFCC01479" box="[763,806,1546,1570]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), D.E. Gaskin; Concan, Neils Lodges, 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC5E92FBFD3927EFAD11479" box="[1248,1335,1545,1570]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9624" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" unit="ft" value="1300.0">1300 ft</quantity>
., 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBE74927EFF34141D" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1990-04-17">17 Apr. 1990</date>
, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBBD3925AFE9B141D" box="[224,381,1582,1606]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1990-04-29">29 Apr. 1990</date>
, N. McFarland (CNC). ZAPATA CO.: Zapata, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB890925AFBDB141D" box="[931,1085,1581,1606]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1964-04-12">12 Apr. 1964</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFC5E92FBF60925AFB67141D" box="[1107,1153,1582,1606]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), A. &amp; M.E. Blanchard. 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC5E92FBBA49225FF091431" bold="true" box="[151,239,1617,1642]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">UTAH:</emphasis>
SALT LAKE CO.: Alta Ski Area, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB94A9225FD1A1431" box="[633,764,1617,1642]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1976-07-04">4 July 1976</date>
(1 ♀), D.A. Currutt (EHM). 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC5E92FBF779225FB051431" bold="true" box="[1092,1251,1617,1642]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">WYOMING:</emphasis>
ALBANY CO.: no specific locality, 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC5E92FBA489201FE2914D6" box="[379,463,1652,1677]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.532888" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" unit="ft" value="8310.0">8310 ft</quantity>
. 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBAE89201FD8514D6" box="[475,611,1652,1677]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="2002-07-01">1 July 2002</date>
, 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFC5E92FB95C9201FD2014D6" box="[623,710,1652,1677]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.49936" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" unit="ft" value="8200.0">8200 ft</quantity>
., 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FB9E59201FCBB14D6" box="[726,861,1652,1677]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="2002-07-07">7 July 2002</date>
, C.D. Ferris (CNC). LARAMIE CO.: Curt Gowdy State Park, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFC5E92FBA2492ECFE7A14EA" box="[279,412,1688,1713]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" value="1993-07-06">6 July 1993</date>
, B. Landry (CNC).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC5E92FBBF492C8FC961547" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1999]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC5E92FBBF492C8FE4E148E" bold="true" box="[199,424,1724,1749]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">Larval host plants.</emphasis>
Larvae of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC5E92FB91092C9FD75148E" box="[547,659,1724,1749]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC5E92FB91092C9FD75148E" box="[547,659,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
feed on four species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC5E92FB89192C8FB4D148E" box="[930,1195,1724,1749]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC5E92FB89192C8FBF1148E" box="[930,1047,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">Gaillardia</emphasis>
(Asteraceae)
</taxonomicName>
throughout its range. 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC5E92FBBA492ABFDB714A3" authority="(Walter) H. Rock" authorityName="(Walter) H. Rock" box="[151,593,1759,1784]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aestivalis">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC5E92FBBA492ABFE9914A3" box="[151,383,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">Gaillardia aestivalis</emphasis>
(Walter) H. Rock
</taxonomicName>
, lanceleaf blanketflower; 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC5E92FB84A9294FBB014A3" authority="Torr." authorityName="Torr." box="[889,1110,1759,1784]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinnatifida">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC5E92FB84A9294FBF314A3" box="[889,1045,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">G. pinnatifida</emphasis>
Torr.
</taxonomicName>
, red dome blanketflower; 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC5E92FBEB79294FE7A1547" authority="Foug., Indian" authorityName="Foug., Indian" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchella">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC5E92FBEB79294FF191547" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">G. pulchella</emphasis>
Foug., Indian
</taxonomicName>
blanket; 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC5E92FB9379370FD221547" authority="Pursh" authorityName="Pursh" box="[516,708,1795,1820]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aristata">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC5E92FB9379370FD9D1547" box="[516,635,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">G. aristata</emphasis>
Pursh
</taxonomicName>
, blanketflower.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFC5E930BBF49353FDA512A3" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFC5E92FBBF49353FDD11594" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1999]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC5E92FBBF49353FEC1151B" bold="true" box="[199,295,1831,1856]" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">Biology.</emphasis>
Hardwick (1996) gave a detailed description of the life history and larva of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFC5E92FBFB8935CFB1A151B" box="[1163,1276,1831,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFC5E92FBFB8935CFB1A151B" box="[1163,1276,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="172">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The first and second instars feed within the florets. Late second and third instars feed on the developing achenes and the corolla tubes. Third instars web together a feeding nest within the head. Fourth and fifth instars migrate to new heads and tie down the rays across the disc florets presumably to form a feeding shelter. Larva matured in five instars, with a single specimen requiring six instars.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDAE930BBF494E3FDA512A3" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="173">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDAE930BBF494E3FE8C12EB" bold="true" box="[199,362,151,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="173">Flight period.</emphasis>
Specimens in Texas have been collected from April through September with peak abundance in June. In other parts of its range specimens in Kansas were collected in May and June, July in Oklahoma, and August in Colorado and New 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFDAE930BAD594ABFDD912A3" box="[486,575,223,248]" name="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="173">Mexico</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFDAE930BBF49570FABC131B" pageId="16" pageNumber="173" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDAE930BBF49570FABC131B" blockId="16.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="173">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDAE930BBF49570FEBF1346" bold="true" box="[199,345,260,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="173">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFDAE930BA599570FE281347" box="[362,462,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 109" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1555,1578]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1532]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,193,1534]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 109. Distribution of adults and associated host plants. 109, S. volupia, circles; S. fulleri, triangles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248762/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="173">Fig. 109</figureCitation>
). The front range of Colorado from Larimer, Douglas, and Fremont counties south to central and eastern New 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFDAE930BA989553FDE5131B" box="[427,515,295,320]" name="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="173">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, east to western Kansas, south to southern Oklahoma, Texas, and Louisiana.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF2D10F2FFDAE930BBA4936AFBF715F4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248753/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="173" targetBox="[191,1417,405,1745]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDAE930BBA4936AFBF715F4" blockId="16.[151,1436,1822,1967]" pageId="16" pageNumber="173">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDAE930BBA4936AFEB0156F" bold="true" box="[151,342,1822,1845]" pageId="16" pageNumber="173">FIGURES 67–72.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDAE930BA6E936BFDC8156F" box="[349,558,1823,1844]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="16" pageNumber="173" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchella">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDAE930BA6E936BFDC8156F" box="[349,558,1823,1844]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="173">Gaillardia pulchella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
host of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDAE930B9B5936BFD0B156F" box="[646,749,1823,1844]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDAE930B9B5936BFD0B156F" box="[646,749,1823,1844]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="173">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 67, flowerheads, image by Max Licher, Arizona State University Herbarium; 68, Field of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDAE930BAAB934AFDF21509" box="[408,532,1853,1875]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="16" pageNumber="173" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchella">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDAE930BAAB934AFDF21509" box="[408,532,1853,1875]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="173">G. pulchella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, image by Lars Paul Linden, www.mudia.com. 69, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDAE930BF00934AFB7D1509" box="[1075,1179,1853,1875]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDAE930BF00934AFB7D1509" box="[1075,1179,1853,1875]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="173">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Texas, Johnson Co., Cleburne State Park, USNMENT 00147634; 70, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDAE930B9AA9328FCE4152A" box="[665,770,1884,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDAE930B9AA9328FCE4152A" box="[665,770,1884,1905]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="173">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155018; 71, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDAE930BAF2930FFDCD15CB" box="[449,555,1915,1936]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDAE930BAF2930FFDCD15CB" box="[449,555,1915,1936]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="173">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Louisiana, Cameron Parrish, Johnson’s Bayou, USNMENT 00155000; 72, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDAE930BEBA930FFF0515F5" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDAE930BEBA930FFF0515F5" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="173">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton, Welder Wildlife Refuge, USNM 0 0 147632.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2D10F2FFDBE931BBA490F6FB4B168D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248754/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" targetBox="[167,1382,227,1110]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDBE931BBA490F6FB4B168D" blockId="17.[151,1436,1154,1238]" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931BBA490F6FEB216CC" bold="true" box="[151,340,1154,1177]" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">FIGURES 73–76.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931BA6990F7FDCD16C3" box="[346,555,1155,1176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aestivalis">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931BA6990F7FDCD16C3" box="[346,555,1155,1176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">Gaillardia aestivalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
probable host of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931B9EE90F7FCA416C3" box="[733,834,1155,1176]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931B9EE90F7FCA416C3" box="[733,834,1155,1176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 73, field of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931B8F590F7FBA416C3" box="[966,1090,1155,1176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aestivalis">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931B8F590F7FBA416C3" box="[966,1090,1155,1176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">G. aestivalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, image by Ted Bodner @ USDA- NRCS PLANTS Database (Miller and Miller, 2005); 74, bloom; 75, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931B8B290D6FC0A16ED" box="[897,1004,1185,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931B8B290D6FC0A16ED" box="[897,1004,1185,1207]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 00148804; 76, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931BA8390B4FDF3168E" box="[432,533,1216,1237]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931BA8390B4FDF3168E" box="[432,533,1216,1237]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Oklahoma, Murray Co., 1 km W Turner Falls, Arbuckle Mts.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFDBE932BBF49089FE13155B" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDBE931BBF49089FCA817DA" blockId="17.[151,1436,1277,1914]" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931BBF49089FEAA174D" bold="true" box="[199,332,1277,1302]" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">Discussion.</emphasis>
As pointed out in the diagnosis both the forewing ground color and form of the antemedial and postmedial lines and ground color of the hind wing are extremely variable. This variation occurs at a single locality (
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFDBE931BB939132FF351705" box="[160,211,1349,1374]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2874752" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" unit="mi" value="8.0">8 mi</quantity>
S of Forestburg, Montague Co.:, Texas; Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Natchitoches Parrish, Louisiana) where the forewing ground color ranges from pink to maroon.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDBE931BBF491FAFEAE1521" blockId="17.[151,1436,1277,1914]" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">
Byers (1989) provides some insight into the possible hybridization of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931BF3591FAFB9D17FD" box="[1030,1147,1421,1446]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931BF3591FAFB9D17FD" box="[1030,1147,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931BF8891FAFAD217FE" box="[1211,1332,1422,1445]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931BF8891FAFAD717FE" box="[1211,1329,1422,1445]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoni">S. masoni</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
An area between Denver and Colorado Springs called the Palmer Divide, which separates the Platte River watershed to the north from the Arkansas watershed to the south, may be a hybrid zone between 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931BF1C91A2FB4717B5" box="[1071,1185,1493,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931BF1C91A2FB4717B5" box="[1071,1185,1493,1518]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931BFEF91A2FAB417B6" box="[1244,1362,1494,1517]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931BFEF91A2FAA917B6" box="[1244,1359,1494,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoni">S. masoni</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Byers collected specimens from this area and noted that the paler pink 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931B844918EFC0E1449" box="[887,1000,1529,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931B844918EFC0E1449" box="[887,1000,1529,1554]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forms had gray scales mixed with the pink scales on the hind wings. Recent collections from this area confirm this observation of both dark pink and maroon adults having a gray hind wing mixed with pink scales. In the more northern areas of the range of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931BEB49236FF0D1425" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931BEB49236FF0D1425" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931BA339212FEB71426" box="[256,337,1638,1661]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoni">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931BA339212FEB71426" box="[256,337,1638,1661]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">masoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) in Jefferson and Larimer Counties the hind wings are pure gray. Byers stated that if these intermediate forms are hybrids then they should be treated as subspecies instead of full species. With our knowledge of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931BA0592DAFE43149D" box="[310,421,1709,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931BA0592DAFE43149D" box="[310,421,1709,1734]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
being an extremely variable species we interpret that 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931B8CF92DAFB8E149E" box="[1020,1128,1710,1733]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoni">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931B8CF92DAFB8E149E" box="[1020,1128,1710,1733]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">S. masoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a dark form of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931BE1F92DAFA7A149D" box="[1324,1436,1709,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931BE1F92DAFA7A149D" box="[1324,1436,1709,1734]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the hybrid specimens seen in the vicinity of Palmer Divide and Palmer Lake are actually hybrids between 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931BEB492A6FF151556" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931BEB492A6FF151556" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">S. miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931BA1F9282FE781555" box="[300,414,1781,1806]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931BA1F9282FE781555" box="[300,414,1781,1806]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFDBE931BA9C9281FDDC1555" box="[431,570,1781,1806]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 5 – 19" captionStart-1="FIGURES 20 – 34" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,1696,1719]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,264,1640,1663]" captionTargetBox-0="[288,1301,247,1645]" captionTargetBox-1="[296,1262,221,1571]" captionTargetId-0="figure@10.[286,1301,193,1670]" captionTargetId-1="figure@11.[293,1262,193,1602]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="FIGURES 5 – 19. Adults. 5, Schinia miniana, ♀, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNMENT 00148151; 6, S. miniana, ♀, Utah, Washington Co., Hurricane, USNMENT 00148153; 7, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Presidio Co., Shafter, USNMENT 00148149; 8, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148148; 9, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring; 10, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148800; 11, S. sanrafaeli, ♂, Utah, Grand Co., 1 mi E of Green River, USNMENT 00158786; 12, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, southern, USNMENT 00148801; 13, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00255726; 14, S. volupia, ♀, New Mexico, Luna Co., Deming, USNMENT 00148147; 15, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00158767; 16, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Kerr Co., Kerrville, USNMENT 00148802; 17, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Johnson Co., Cleburne State Park, USNMENT 00147634; 18, S. volupia, ♂, Oklahoma, Murray Co., 1 km W Turner Falls, Arbuckle Mts., USNMENT 00148803; 19, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 0 0 148804." captionText-1="FIGURES 20 – 34. Adults. 20, Schinia volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 00148758; 21, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155024; 22, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155018; 23, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255716; 24, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255719; 25, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255720; 26, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255721; 27, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255722; 28, S. volupia (S. masoni, holotype), ♀, Colorado, Denver; 29, S. fulleri (holotype), ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station; 30, S. fulleri, ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNMENT 00148805; 31, S. biforma, ♀, Texas, Cottle Co., Paducah, USNMENT 00147523; 32, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 00148806; 33, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Refuge, USNMENT 00147522; 34, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 0 0 147521." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/248748/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/248749/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">Figs. 19–21</figureCitation>
). In these specimens the basal area, reniform spot, and subterminal area are dark pink, and the median and terminal areas are ochreous as in 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931B846936EFC13156A" box="[885,1013,1818,1841]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931B846936EFC14156A" box="[885,1010,1818,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">S. miniana</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The hind wing of these specimens is gray with a few pink scales along posterior margin and anal area. 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDBE931B8429349FBCE150E" box="[881,1064,1853,1878]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDBE931B8429349FBCE150E" box="[881,1064,1853,1878]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="174">Schinia miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can have either a pinkish-gray or gray hind wing.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2D10F2FFD8E932BBA491B2FE621463" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248755/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" targetBox="[217,1396,190,1422]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFD8E932BBA491B2FE621463" blockId="18.[151,1436,1478,1592]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932BBA491B2FEB31787" bold="true" box="[151,341,1478,1501]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">FIGURES 77–82.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD8E932BA6F91B3FDFA1787" box="[348,540,1479,1500]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aristata">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932BA6F91B3FDFA1787" box="[348,540,1479,1500]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">Gaillardia aristata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
host of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD8E932B94191B3FD3E1787" box="[626,728,1479,1500]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932B94191B3FD3E1787" box="[626,728,1479,1500]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 77, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD8E932B83E91B3FC921787" box="[781,884,1479,1500]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932B83E91B3FC921787" box="[781,884,1479,1500]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on flowerhead of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD8E932BF0191B3FB781787" box="[1074,1182,1479,1500]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aristata">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932BF0191B3FB781787" box="[1074,1182,1479,1500]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">G. aristata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 78, predominantly pink flowerhead of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD8E932BA189192FE7317A0" box="[299,405,1510,1531]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aristata">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932BA189192FE7317A0" box="[299,405,1510,1531]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">G. aristata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 79, flowerhead of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD8E932B96F9192FD2117A0" box="[604,711,1510,1531]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aristata">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932B96F9192FD2117A0" box="[604,711,1510,1531]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">G. aristata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, photo by Steve O’Kane, used with permission; 80, field of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD8E932BE199192FA7317A0" box="[1322,1429,1510,1531]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aristata">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932BE199192FA7317A0" box="[1322,1429,1510,1531]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">G. aristata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 81, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD8E932BBF29270FECD1442" box="[193,299,1540,1561]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932BBF29270FECD1442" box="[193,299,1540,1561]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD8E932BA0C9270FE401442" box="[319,422,1540,1561]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoni">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932BA0C9270FE401442" box="[319,422,1540,1561]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">S. masoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype), ♀, Colorado, Denver; 82, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD8E932B8779270FC481442" box="[836,942,1540,1561]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932B8779270FC481442" box="[836,942,1540,1561]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀, Colorado, Jefferson Co., Chimney Gulch, USNMENT 0 0 148807.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFD8E932BBA4920AFE5E14CC" blockId="18.[151,608,1662,1723]" box="[151,440,1662,1687]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD8E932BBA4920AFE5E14CC" authority="Opler" authorityName="Opler" box="[151,440,1662,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932BBA4920AFE5E14CC" bold="true" box="[151,440,1662,1687]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932BBA4920AFE8D14CC" bold="true" box="[151,363,1662,1687]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">Schinia sanrafaeli</emphasis>
Opler
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFD8E932BBA492D6FD8614E0" blockId="18.[151,608,1662,1723]" box="[151,608,1698,1723]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
(
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFD8E932BBAC92D6FF1D14E0" box="[159,251,1698,1723]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 19" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1696,1719]" captionTargetBox="[288,1301,247,1645]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[286,1301,193,1670]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 19. Adults. 5, Schinia miniana, ♀, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNMENT 00148151; 6, S. miniana, ♀, Utah, Washington Co., Hurricane, USNMENT 00148153; 7, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Presidio Co., Shafter, USNMENT 00148149; 8, S. miniana, ♀, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148148; 9, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring; 10, S. miniana, ♂, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNMENT 00148800; 11, S. sanrafaeli, ♂, Utah, Grand Co., 1 mi E of Green River, USNMENT 00158786; 12, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, southern, USNMENT 00148801; 13, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00255726; 14, S. volupia, ♀, New Mexico, Luna Co., Deming, USNMENT 00148147; 15, S. volupia, ♂, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N of Gran Quivira National Monument, USNMENT 00158767; 16, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Kerr Co., Kerrville, USNMENT 00148802; 17, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, Johnson Co., Cleburne State Park, USNMENT 00147634; 18, S. volupia, ♂, Oklahoma, Murray Co., 1 km W Turner Falls, Arbuckle Mts., USNMENT 00148803; 19, S. volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 0 0 148804." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248748/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFD8E932BA3492D7FEB614E0" box="[263,336,1699,1723]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 46" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1769,1792]" captionTargetBox="[201,1347,229,1667]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[199,1357,193,1730]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 46. Male genitalia. 35, Schinia miniana, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNM 49921; 36, S. miniana, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNM 49477; 37, S. miniana, California, San Bernardino Co., Yermo, USNM 49479; 38, S. volupia, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50603; 39, S. volupia, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50602; 40, S. volupia, Texas, Burnet Co., Shovel Mountain, USNM 49471; 41, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., I- 70 roadside marker # 150, USNM 50607; 42, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50606; 43, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50605; 44, S. volupia, Colorado, Jefferson Co., Turkey Creek Canyon, USNM 49473; 45, S. fulleri, Florida, Levy Co., Williston, USNM 47050; 46, S. biforma, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNM 49590." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248750/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">41–43</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFD8E932BA6892D6FE4214E0" box="[347,420,1698,1723]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 58" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1791,1814]" captionTargetBox="[218,1373,195,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[197,1387,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 58. Male aedeagi. 47, Schinia miniana, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNM 49921; 48, S. miniana, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNM 49477; 49, S. miniana, California, San Bernardino Co., Yermo, USNM 49479; 50, S. volupia, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50603; 51, S. volupia, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50602; 52, S. volupia, Texas, Burnet Co., Shovel Mountain, USNM 49471; 53, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., I- 70 roadside marker # 150, USNM 50607; 54, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50606; 55, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50605; 56, S. volupia, Colorado, Jefferson Co., Turkey Creek Canyon, USNM 49473; 57, S. fulleri, Florida, Levy Co., Williston, USNM 47050; 58, S. biforma, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNM 49590." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248751/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">53–55</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFD8E932BA9C92D6FE2B14E0" box="[431,461,1698,1723]" captionStart="FIGURES 59 – 66" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1394,1417]" captionTargetBox="[199,1414,206,1341]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[155,1440,193,1361]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 59 – 66. Female genitalia. 59, Schinia miniana, Texas, Presidio Co., Shafter, USNM 50619; 60, S. volupia, New Mexico, southern, USNM 50616; 61, S. volupia, Texas, Brazos Co., College Station, USNM 50618; 62, S. volupia, Texas, Montague Co., USNM 50617; 63, S. volupia, Colorado, Denver, USNM 50614; 64, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., I- 70 roadside marker # 150, USNM 136447; 65, S. fulleri, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNM 47051; 66, S. biforma, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNM 49590." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248752/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">64</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFD8E932BAEA92D6FDC414E0" box="[473,546,1698,1723]" captionStart="FIGURES 83 – 86" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1242,1265]" captionTargetBox="[189,1403,191,1181]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[154,1439,165,1217]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 83 – 86. Gaillardia spathulata host of S. sanrafaeli. 83, flowerhead, photo by Bert Nelson, used with permission; 84, plants, photo by Bert Nelson, used with permission; 85, S. sanrafaeli, ♂, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, Goblin Valley Rd. @ Hwy. # 24, SE of parking area, USNMENT 00148047; 86, S. sanrafaeli, ♀, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, Goblin Valley Rd. @ Hwy. # 24, SE of parking area, USNMENT 0 0 148146." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248756/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">85–86</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFD8E932B91E92D7FDB114E0" box="[557,599,1699,1723]" captionStart="FIGURE 110" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,734,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,733,1879]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 110. Distribution of adults and associated host plants. S. sanrafaeli, triangles; S. miniana, circles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248763/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">110</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFD8E932BBA4929FFE13155B" blockId="18.[151,689,1770,1823]" box="[151,501,1770,1792]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD8E932BBA4929FFE14155B" authority="Opler, 2004:45" authorityName="Opler" authorityPageNumber="45" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,498,1770,1792]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932BBA4929FFEA9155B" box="[151,335,1771,1792]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">Schinia sanrafaeli</emphasis>
Opler, 2004:45
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFD8E932BBA4937DFD571544" box="[151,689,1801,1823]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFD8E932BBA4937DFD571544" blockId="18.[151,689,1770,1823]" box="[151,689,1801,1823]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD8E932BBA4937DFD4B1544" authority="Lafontaine and Schmidt 2010:69" authorityName="Lafontaine and Schmidt" authorityPageNumber="69" authorityYear="2010" box="[151,685,1801,1823]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932BBA4937DFEA91545" box="[151,335,1801,1822]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">Schinia sanrafaeli</emphasis>
: Lafontaine and Schmidt 2010:69
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFD8E933BBA49338FAA417F4" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="176" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFD8E932BBA49338FCE915AE" blockId="18.[151,1436,1868,2037]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932BBA49338FE4D153E" bold="true" box="[151,427,1868,1893]" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">Diagnosis/ Description.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD8E932BA809338FD66153E" box="[435,640,1868,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932BA809338FD66153E" box="[435,640,1868,1893]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">Schinia sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is variable and some specimens can be confused with 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD8E932BFDD9339FA86153E" box="[1262,1376,1868,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932BFDD9339FA86153E" box="[1262,1376,1868,1893]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD8E932BEB49339FEA115D3" authority="Grote" authorityName="Grote" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD8E932BEB49339FF0D15D3" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">S. minana</emphasis>
(Grote)
</taxonomicName>
. Forewing basal area pink; a wide, white antemedial line contiguous with pink basal area; ochreous median area; postmedial line wide, white, sinuous and somewhat jagged; subterminal area pink; terminal area and fringe ochreous. 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFD8E932BA6B93CCFE76158A" box="[344,400,1976,2001]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="175">Hind</collectingCountry>
wing is pink with gray scales along costa. The amount of gray scales on the hind wing is variable and can cover as much as half of the hind wing.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2D10F2FFD9E933BBA490AEFCAD1717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248756/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" targetBox="[189,1403,191,1181]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFD9E933BBA490AEFCAD1717" blockId="19.[151,1436,1242,1356]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933BBA490AEFEB516B4" bold="true" box="[151,339,1242,1265]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">FIGURES 83–86.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD9E933BA6A90AFFDD516AB" box="[345,563,1243,1264]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spathulata">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933BA6A90AFFDD516AB" box="[345,563,1243,1264]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">Gaillardia spathulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
host of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD9E933B9B690AFFCE216AB" box="[645,772,1243,1264]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933B9B690AFFCE216AB" box="[645,772,1243,1264]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">S. sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 83, flowerhead, photo by Bert Nelson, used with permission; 84, plants, photo by Bert Nelson, used with permission; 85, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD9E933B9E8908EFCBA1755" box="[731,860,1273,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933B9E8908EFCBA1755" box="[731,860,1273,1295]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">S. sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, Goblin Valley Rd. @ Hwy. #24, SE of parking area, USNMENT 00148047; 86, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD9E933B81C916CFC481776" box="[815,942,1304,1325]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933B81C916CFC481776" box="[815,942,1304,1325]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">S. sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, Goblin Valley Rd. @ Hwy. #24, SE of parking area, USNMENT 0 0 148146.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFD9E933BBF49101FAA417F4" blockId="19.[151,1436,1396,2033]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">
In the female genitalia the accessory bursae has 2 coils that are tightly coiled (short) and robust. 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933BE7B9100FE0017EB" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD9E933BE7B9100FF0817EB" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">Schinia volupia</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD9E933BBCA91ECFEBB17EB" box="[249,349,1431,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulleri">S. fulleri</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD9E933BA5491ECFE0417EB" box="[359,482,1432,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">S. miniana</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD9E933B92F91ECFD7717EB" box="[540,657,1431,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biforma">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933B92F91ECFD7717EB" box="[540,657,1431,1456]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">S. biforma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
all have 3 coils that are loosely coiled (elongate) and narrow.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFD9E933BBF491C8FE081596" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFD9E933BBF491C8FBD117A3" blockId="19.[151,1436,1396,2033]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933BBF491C8FE9F178E" bold="true" box="[199,377,1468,1493]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">
<typeStatus id="54E9FED8FFD9E933BBF491C8FEE4178E" box="[199,258,1468,1493]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54E9FED8FFD9E933BAB791C8FDFE178F" box="[388,536,1468,1492]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
♂, Utah, Emery Co.:, Goblin Valley St. Pk., 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFD9E933BF0591C8FB5A178F" box="[1078,1212,1468,1492]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" value="1997-06-01">1 Jun 1997</date>
, P.A. Opler and E. Buckner, u. 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD9E933BA249194FE8017A3" box="[279,358,1503,1528]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" rank="variety" variety="light">v. light</taxonomicName>
(J.D. Lafontaine genitalia slide #11881). Deposited in the CNC.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFD9E933BBF49270FDAE153B" blockId="19.[151,1436,1396,2033]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933BBF49270FE541446" bold="true" box="[199,434,1540,1565]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">Material examined.</emphasis>
All specimens are from the USNM except as noted. (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFD9E933BF2B9270FBA01447" box="[1048,1094,1540,1565]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" type="generic">5 ♂</specimenCount>
, 3 ♀). 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933BFA49270FAA01446" bold="true" box="[1175,1350,1540,1565]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">COLORADO:</emphasis>
MESA CO.: Grand Junction (USTC). 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933BADE9253FDA3141B" bold="true" box="[493,581,1575,1600]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">UTAH:</emphasis>
EMERY CO.: 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFD9E933B9DC925CFCF8141B" box="[751,798,1576,1600]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" value="1970-01">I-70</date>
roadside marker 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFD9E933B8D39253FBAF141B" box="[992,1097,1575,1600]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.415625344" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" unit="mi" value="150.1">150, 1 mi</quantity>
E of Hwy. 24 jct., 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFD9E933BE2F9253FA96141B" box="[1308,1392,1575,1600]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3551407999999998" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" unit="ft" value="4446.0">4446 ft</quantity>
., 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFD9E933BEB3925CFEEF143F" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" value="2001-05-20">20 May 2001</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFD9E933BA299238FEA2143F" box="[282,324,1612,1636]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 2 ♀), ♂ genitalia slide USNM 50607, C. Harp; San Rafael Desert, Goblin Valley Road at Hwy. 24, SE of parking area, 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFD9E933BA469204FE2D14D3" box="[373,459,1647,1672]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.517904" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" unit="ft" value="4980.0">4980 ft</quantity>
., 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFD9E933BAE99204FD8914D3" box="[474,623,1647,1672]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" value="2005-05-24">24 May 2005</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFD9E933B9B29204FD4D14D3" box="[641,683,1648,1672]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), genitalia slide USNM 50605, C. Harp; San Rafael Desert, Goblin Valley Road at Hwy. 24, S end of parking area, 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFD9E933B99492E0FD1A14F6" box="[679,764,1684,1709]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.499616" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" unit="ft" value="4920.0">4920 ft</quantity>
., 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFD9E933B83892E0FC4614F6" box="[779,928,1684,1709]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" value="2005-05-24">24 May 2005</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFD9E933B89C92E0FC3D14F7" box="[943,987,1684,1708]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
), genitalia slide USNM 50606, C. Harp. GARFIELD CO.: Capitol Reef National Par, Pickaboo Ranger Station, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFD9E933B8F792CCFBB7148B" box="[964,1105,1720,1744]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" value="1994-06-02">2 June 1994</date>
, P.A. Opler (CNC). GRAND CO.: 0.75 mi SE of Cisco, south of 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFD9E933B91092A8FDB214AF" box="[547,596,1756,1780]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" value="1970-01">I-70</date>
, on 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD9E933B9B192A8FD1114AE" box="[642,759,1756,1781]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933B9B192A8FD1114AE" box="[642,759,1756,1781]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">Gaillardia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFD9E933B83692A8FCBF14AE" box="[773,857,1756,1781]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.328928" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" unit="ft" value="4360.0">4360 ft</quantity>
., 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFD9E933B85A92A8FBC514AF" box="[873,1059,1756,1781]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" value="2007-05-16" valueMax="2007-05-17" valueMin="2007-05-16">16-17 May 2007</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFD9E933BF0692A8FBB914AF" box="[1077,1119,1756,1780]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), C. Harp. SAN JUAN CO.: Canyonlands National Park, Squaw Flats, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFD9E933B95E9374FD101543" box="[621,758,1792,1816]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" value="1994-06-04">4 June 1994</date>
, P.A. Opler (CNC). WAYNE CO.: San Rafael Desert, 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFD9E933BE7C928BFA671543" box="[1359,1409,1791,1816]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.656064" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" unit="mi" value="6.0">6 mi</quantity>
N Hanksville, off Hwy. 24 at rock tower, on 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD9E933B9459350FC911566" box="[630,887,1828,1853]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sphathulata">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933B9459350FC911566" box="[630,887,1828,1853]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">Gaillardia sphathulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFD9E933B8B59350FC3A1566" box="[902,988,1828,1853]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4090904" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" unit="ft" value="4623.0">4623 ft</quantity>
., 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFD9E933B8DE9350FB4C1567" box="[1005,1194,1828,1853]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" value="2010-05-14" valueMax="2010-05-15" valueMin="2010-05-14">14-15 May 2010</date>
(1 ♀), genitalia slide USNM 136447, N. Gibson &amp; C. Harp.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFD9E933BBF49318FE081596" blockId="19.[151,1436,1396,2033]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933BBF49318FE4E15DE" bold="true" box="[199,424,1900,1925]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">Larval host plant.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD9E933BA879318FD6015DE" box="[436,646,1900,1925]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933BA879318FD6015DE" box="[436,646,1900,1925]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">Schinia sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been reared on western blanketflower; 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFD9E933BFA69319FECE15F3" authority="A. Gray" authorityName="A. Gray" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gaillardia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spathulata">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933BFA69319FAC915DE" box="[1173,1327,1900,1925]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">G. spathulata</emphasis>
A. Gray (Asteraceae)
</taxonomicName>
. The larval host plant has a limited distribution in eastern Utah and western Colorado that corresponds to the distribution of the moth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFD9E933BBF493ACFD9D15AB" box="[199,635,2008,2033]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFD9E933BBF493ACFD9D15AB" blockId="19.[151,1436,1396,2033]" box="[199,635,2008,2033]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFD9E933BBF493ACFE8C15AA" bold="true" box="[199,362,2008,2033]" pageId="19" pageNumber="176">Flight period.</emphasis>
Late May to early June.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFDEE934BBF494E3FEE1128E" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDEE934BBF494E3FEE1128E" blockId="20.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BBF494E3FEBF12EB" bold="true" box="[199,345,151,176]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFDEE934BA5994E3FE2812EB" box="[362,462,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 110" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,734,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,733,1879]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 110. Distribution of adults and associated host plants. S. sanrafaeli, triangles; S. miniana, circles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248763/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Fig. 110</figureCitation>
). Known only from desert areas of eastern Utah and near Grand Junction, Mesa Co., Colorado.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFDEE934BBF494ABFEE2163C" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDEE934BBF494ABFC4013DC" blockId="20.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BBF494ABFEAA12A3" bold="true" box="[199,332,223,248]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Discussion.</emphasis>
In the original description of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934B99B9494FC3012A3" authority="Opler (2004)" authorityName="Opler" authorityYear="2004" box="[680,982,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934B99B9494FCDF12A3" box="[680,825,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">S. sanrafaeli</emphasis>
Opler (2004)
</taxonomicName>
mentions that 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BFB19494FA7A12A3" box="[1154,1436,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934BFB19494FB1E12A3" box="[1154,1272,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">S. volupia</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934BE369494FA7E12A3" box="[1285,1432,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">S. sanrafaeli</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934BBFB9571FECD1346" box="[200,299,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulleri">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BBFB9571FECD1346" box="[200,299,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">S. fulleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
all have 4 coils in the vesica and 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934B9849571FCC01347" box="[695,806,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoni">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934B9849571FCC01347" box="[695,806,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">S. masoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 3 1/2 coils, although he did not illustrate the male genitalia. As interpreted here, there are only 3 coils in all species of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934B8E9955CFBAA131B" box="[986,1100,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934B8E9955CFBAA131B" box="[986,1100,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species complex. As defined here, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934BBEF9539FE96133E" box="[220,368,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BBEF9539FE96133E" box="[220,368,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">S. sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only occurs in eastern Utah and western Colorado. The specimens cited in the original description from Grant Co., New 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFDEE934B923951BFD8313D3" box="[528,613,367,392]" name="Mexico" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Mexico</collectingCountry>
are specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934B81C9504FC7913D3" box="[815,927,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934B81C9504FC7913D3" box="[815,927,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDEE934BBF495E0FCE4103B" blockId="20.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
There are two haplotypes of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934B92795E1FD4213F6" box="[532,676,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934B92795E1FD4213F6" box="[532,676,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">S. sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, H2 and H11 (Table 2, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFDEE934B88895E0FBE413F7" box="[955,1026,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1622,1644]" captionTargetBox="[160,1424,386,1589]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,373,1601]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Minimum spanning tree of Schinia volupia complex haplotype network under statistical parsimony (Templeton, et al., 1992). Haplotypes are defined in Table 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248747/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Haploptype H11 from Grand Co., Utah is unique in this study and did not associate with the other two specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934BF5795CCFB12138B" box="[1124,1268,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BF5795CCFB12138B" box="[1124,1268,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">S. sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the 
<typeStatus id="54E9FED8FFDEE934BE5895CCFA7D138B" box="[1387,1435,440,464]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">type</typeStatus>
locality, Emery Co., Utah with haploptype H2 (
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFDEE934B98B95A8FCC113AF" box="[696,807,476,501]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1879,1901]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1589,1611]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1599,1621]" captionStartId-3="7.[151,250,1622,1644]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,519,1850]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,179,1578]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,207,1572]" captionTargetBox-3="[160,1424,386,1589]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1436,519,1857]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[151,1436,179,1582]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1578]" captionTargetId-3="figure@7.[151,1436,373,1601]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Majority rule consensus tree inferred by Bayesian inference analysis for COI sequence data. Numbers at the interior branches indicate the posterior probability (x 100) values. Numbers in parentheses refer to Phylogeny ID in Table 1." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Strict consensus of 31 trees by Maximum Parsimony using equally weighted characters. The numbers above the branches indicate bootstrap support (1000 replicates). Length = 128; CI = 0.8281; RI = 0.780; RC = 0.6459." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic tree inferred by Neighbor Joining analysis (GTR model). The numbers above the branches indicate bootstrap support (1000 replicates)." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Minimum spanning tree of Schinia volupia complex haplotype network under statistical parsimony (Templeton, et al., 1992). Haplotypes are defined in Table 2." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/248744/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/248745/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/248746/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/248747/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
). Haplotype H2 was shared with three specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934BEB495A9FF151043" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BEB495A9FF151043" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">S. miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Clark Co., Nevada and Cochise Co., Arizona and formed Clade IV in 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFDEE934BF43958BFB391043" box="[1136,1247,511,536]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1879,1901]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1589,1611]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1599,1621]" captionStartId-3="7.[151,250,1622,1644]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,519,1850]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,179,1578]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,207,1572]" captionTargetBox-3="[160,1424,386,1589]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1436,519,1857]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[151,1436,179,1582]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1578]" captionTargetId-3="figure@7.[151,1436,373,1601]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Majority rule consensus tree inferred by Bayesian inference analysis for COI sequence data. Numbers at the interior branches indicate the posterior probability (x 100) values. Numbers in parentheses refer to Phylogeny ID in Table 1." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Strict consensus of 31 trees by Maximum Parsimony using equally weighted characters. The numbers above the branches indicate bootstrap support (1000 replicates). Length = 128; CI = 0.8281; RI = 0.780; RC = 0.6459." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic tree inferred by Neighbor Joining analysis (GTR model). The numbers above the branches indicate bootstrap support (1000 replicates)." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Minimum spanning tree of Schinia volupia complex haplotype network under statistical parsimony (Templeton, et al., 1992). Haplotypes are defined in Table 2." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/248744/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/248745/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/248746/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/248747/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
. This sharing of haplotype H2 with 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934BA479651FE081067" box="[372,494,549,572]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BA479651FE081067" box="[372,494,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">S. miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
suggests that there is gene flow between populations of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934BF499651FAEF1066" box="[1146,1289,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanrafaeli">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BF499651FAEF1066" box="[1146,1289,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">S. sanrafaeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Emery Co., Utah and of 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934BA6B963CFE36103B" box="[344,464,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miniana">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BA6B963CFE36103B" box="[344,464,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">S. miniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Nevada and Arizona.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDEE934BBA496C7FE281096" blockId="20.[151,568,691,752]" box="[151,462,691,717]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934BBA496C7FE281096" authority="McElvare" authorityName="McElvare" box="[151,462,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulleri">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BBA496C7FED81097" bold="true" box="[151,318,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Schinia fulleri</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BA7D96C0FE281096" bold="true" box="[334,462,692,717]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">McElvare)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDEE934BBA496A3FEE2163C" blockId="20.[151,568,691,752]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1437,922,2027]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
(
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFDEE934BBAC96A3FEC110AB" box="[159,295,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 34" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1640,1663]" captionTargetBox="[296,1262,221,1571]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[293,1262,193,1602]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 34. Adults. 20, Schinia volupia, ♂, Texas, La Salle Co., Artesia Wells, USNMENT 00148758; 21, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155024; 22, S. volupia, ♂, Louisiana, Natchitoches Parrish, Red Dirt National Wildlife Refuge, Kisatchie National Forest, USNMENT 00155018; 23, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255716; 24, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255719; 25, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255720; 26, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255721; 27, S. volupia, ♂, Colorado, Douglas Co., 3.5 mi E of Palmer Lake, Co. Line Rd. at Beacon Lite Rd., USNMENT 00255722; 28, S. volupia (S. masoni, holotype), ♀, Colorado, Denver; 29, S. fulleri (holotype), ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station; 30, S. fulleri, ♂, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNMENT 00148805; 31, S. biforma, ♀, Texas, Cottle Co., Paducah, USNMENT 00147523; 32, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 00148806; 33, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Refuge, USNMENT 00147522; 34, S. biforma, ♂, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNMENT 0 0 147521." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248749/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Figs. 29–30</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFDEE934BA0196A3FEB710AB" box="[306,337,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 46" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1769,1792]" captionTargetBox="[201,1347,229,1667]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[199,1357,193,1730]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 46. Male genitalia. 35, Schinia miniana, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNM 49921; 36, S. miniana, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNM 49477; 37, S. miniana, California, San Bernardino Co., Yermo, USNM 49479; 38, S. volupia, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50603; 39, S. volupia, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50602; 40, S. volupia, Texas, Burnet Co., Shovel Mountain, USNM 49471; 41, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., I- 70 roadside marker # 150, USNM 50607; 42, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50606; 43, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50605; 44, S. volupia, Colorado, Jefferson Co., Turkey Creek Canyon, USNM 49473; 45, S. fulleri, Florida, Levy Co., Williston, USNM 47050; 46, S. biforma, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNM 49590." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248750/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">45</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFDEE934BA6F96A3FE9C10AB" box="[348,378,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 47 – 58" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1791,1814]" captionTargetBox="[218,1373,195,1767]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[197,1387,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 47 – 58. Male aedeagi. 47, Schinia miniana, California, Inyo Co., Olancha, USNM 49921; 48, S. miniana, Texas, Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, Oak Spring, USNM 49477; 49, S. miniana, California, San Bernardino Co., Yermo, USNM 49479; 50, S. volupia, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50603; 51, S. volupia, New Mexico, Torrance Co., 6 mi N Gran Quivira National Monument, USNM 50602; 52, S. volupia, Texas, Burnet Co., Shovel Mountain, USNM 49471; 53, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., I- 70 roadside marker # 150, USNM 50607; 54, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50606; 55, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., San Rafael Desert, USNM 50605; 56, S. volupia, Colorado, Jefferson Co., Turkey Creek Canyon, USNM 49473; 57, S. fulleri, Florida, Levy Co., Williston, USNM 47050; 58, S. biforma, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNM 49590." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248751/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">57</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFDEE934BAB596A3FE4210AB" box="[390,420,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 59 – 66" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1394,1417]" captionTargetBox="[199,1414,206,1341]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[155,1440,193,1361]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 59 – 66. Female genitalia. 59, Schinia miniana, Texas, Presidio Co., Shafter, USNM 50619; 60, S. volupia, New Mexico, southern, USNM 50616; 61, S. volupia, Texas, Brazos Co., College Station, USNM 50618; 62, S. volupia, Texas, Montague Co., USNM 50617; 63, S. volupia, Colorado, Denver, USNM 50614; 64, S. sanrafaeli, Utah, Emery Co., I- 70 roadside marker # 150, USNM 136447; 65, S. fulleri, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNM 47051; 66, S. biforma, Texas, San Patricio Co., Sinton Welder Wildlife Foundation, USNM 49590." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248752/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">65</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFDEE934BA8396ACFE1F10AB" box="[432,505,728,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 87 – 90" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1466,1489]" captionTargetBox="[199,1369,425,1403]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[145,1430,375,1427]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 87 – 90. Baludina angustifolia host of S. fulleri. 87, flowerhead; 88, plant; 89, S. fulleri (holotype), Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station; 90, S. fulleri, Florida, Highlands Co., Archbold Biological Station, USNMENT 0 0 148805." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248757/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">89–90</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFDEE934B93796ACFDC910AB" box="[516,559,728,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 109" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1555,1578]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1532]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,193,1534]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 109. Distribution of adults and associated host plants. 109, S. volupia, circles; S. fulleri, triangles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248762/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">109</figureCitation>
) 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BBA497EEFE4C11E8" bold="true" box="[151,426,922,947]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Diagnosis/ Description.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934BA8397EEFDA911E8" box="[432,591,922,947]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulleri">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BA8397EEFDA911E8" box="[432,591,922,947]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Schinia fulleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a pale ochreous head and thorax and similar antemedial and postmedial lines to 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BBC597CBFE94118C" box="[246,370,958,983]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934BBC597CBFE88118C" box="[246,366,958,983]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">S. volupia</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The forewing ground color is quite variable with some specimens a dark reddish-brown in median and subterminal areas and ochreous in basal and terminal areas. In other specimens median and subterminal areas are barely darker than the surrounding ochreous and could be considered a solid color with very faint traces of a postmedial line. The hind wing is varies from dark reddish-brown to ochreous slightly darker than the forewing.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDEE934BBA49754FDFC1128" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<table id="F952B2DAFFDE16DFBBA49754FA7D1128" box="[151,1435,800,883]" gridcols="7" gridrows="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<tr id="35624238FFDE16DFBBA49754FA7D116D" box="[151,1435,800,822]" gridrow="0" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="76B32B44FFDE16DFBBA49754FDC0116D" box="[151,550,800,822]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BBA49754FEF6116E" box="[151,272,800,821]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Rhododipsa</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934BA259754FDF2116D" authority="McElvare, 1961:6" authorityName="McElvare" authorityPageNumber="6" authorityYear="1961" box="[278,532,800,822]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulleri">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BA259754FEB2116E" box="[278,340,800,821]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">fulleri</emphasis>
McElvare, 1961:6
</taxonomicName>
.
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35624238FFDE16DFBBA4974AFA7D110F" box="[151,1435,830,852]" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<th id="76B32B44FFDE16DFBBA4974AFDC0110F" box="[151,550,830,852]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934BBA4974BFDC0110F" authority="Franclemont and Todd 1983:158" authorityName="Franclemont and Todd" authorityPageNumber="158" authorityYear="1983" box="[151,550,830,852]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulleri">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BBA4974BFED4110F" box="[151,306,831,852]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Schinia fulleri:</emphasis>
Franclemont and Todd
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76B32B44FFDE16DFB91C974AFD0E110F" box="[559,744,830,852]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">1983:158.—Poole</td>
<td id="76B32B44FFDE16DFB9C2974AFC4F110F" box="[753,937,830,852]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">1989:894.—Poole</td>
<td id="76B32B44FFDE16DFB880974AFC31110F" box="[947,983,830,852]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">and</td>
<td id="76B32B44FFDE16DFB8D2974AFBC1110F" box="[993,1063,830,852]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Gentili</td>
<td id="76B32B44FFDE16DFBF03974AFAF5110F" box="[1072,1299,830,852]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">1996:771.—Hardwick</td>
<td id="76B32B44FFDE16DFBE2F974AFA7D110F" box="[1308,1435,830,852]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">1996:155.—</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35624238FFDE16DFBBA49729FA7D1128" box="[151,1435,861,883]" gridrow="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="76B32B44FFDE16DFBBA49729FDC01128" box="[151,550,861,883]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Lafontaine and Schmidt 2010:69.</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFDEE934BBF49006FA8714B4" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDEE934BBF49006FD8316F4" blockId="20.[151,1437,922,2027]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BBF49006FE9E16D0" bold="true" box="[199,376,1138,1163]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<typeStatus id="54E9FED8FFDEE934BBF49006FEE416D0" box="[199,258,1138,1163]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54E9FED8FFDEE934BAB09007FDF116D0" box="[387,535,1139,1163]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
♂, Florida, Highlands Co.:, Archbold Biological Station, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BF8D9007FABC16D0" box="[1214,1370,1138,1163]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1960-10-22">22 Oct. 1960</date>
, Leg: Roger W. Pease, Jr. Deposited in USNM.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDEE934BBF490CEFC831490" blockId="20.[151,1437,922,2027]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BBF490CEFE541688" bold="true" box="[199,434,1210,1235]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Material examined.</emphasis>
All specimens are from USNM except as noted. (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFDEE934B8C290CFFBCB1689" box="[1009,1069,1211,1235]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="generic">13 ♂</specimenCount>
, 9 ♀). 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BFB390CEFAEC1688" bold="true" box="[1152,1290,1210,1235]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">FLORIDA:</emphasis>
ALACHUA CO.: Gainesville, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BA5590AAFDE616AC" box="[358,512,1246,1271]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1987-09-26">26 Sep. 1987</date>
, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934B93D90ABFD4E16AC" box="[526,680,1247,1271]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1987-09-30">30 Sep. 1987</date>
, H.D. Baggett (CNC). CITRUS CO.: Withlacoochee State Forest, Rd. M-11, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BA259177FED41740" box="[278,306,1283,1307]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1986-09-28">28</date>
Sep. 1986, H.D. Baggett (CNC). HERNANDO CO.: 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFDEE934B8919177FC321740" box="[930,980,1283,1307]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">U.S.</collectingCountry>
41 N Brooksville, Withlacoochee State Forest, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BBDE9153FE601764" box="[237,390,1319,1343]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1982-09-18">18 Sep. 1982</date>
, H.D. Baggett (CNC). HIGHLANDS CO.: Archbold Biological Station, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BFFF9153FAB21764" box="[1228,1364,1318,1343]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1960-10-09">9 Oct. 1960</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFDEE934BE559153FA721764" box="[1382,1428,1319,1343]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
) genitalia slides USNM 47051, 47054, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934B97A913FFD3A1738" box="[585,732,1354,1379]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1960-10-24">24 Oct. 1960</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFDEE934B9DD913FFCF11738" box="[750,791,1355,1379]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
) genitalia slide USNM 47056, R.W. Pease, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BE3A913FFA7A1738" box="[1289,1436,1354,1379]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1961-10-13">13 Oct. 1961</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFDEE934BBAC911BFF2A17DD" box="[159,204,1391,1415]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
, 1 ♀), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BA28911BFE4B17DC" box="[283,429,1390,1415]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1961-10-14">14 Oct. 1961</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFDEE934BAF3911BFE0C17DD" box="[448,490,1391,1415]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 4 ♀), R.R. McElvare, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934B9C3911BFC6417DC" box="[752,898,1390,1415]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1960-10-30">30 Oct. 1960</date>
(1 ♀) genitalia slide USNM 47053, (
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFDEE934BE19911BFAB217DC" box="[1322,1364,1391,1415]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), L.C. Koen; Archbold Biological Station, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934B90D91E7FD3817F0" box="[574,734,1427,1451]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1978-09-20">20 Sep. 1978</date>
, H.V. Weems, Jr. &amp; S. Halkin (CNC); Archbold Biological Station, Lake Placid, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BAB891C3FDC41794" box="[395,546,1463,1487]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1979-10-19">19 Oct. 1979</date>
, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934B91D91C3FD221794" box="[558,708,1463,1487]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1979-10-20">20 Oct. 1979</date>
, D. &amp; V. Hardwick (CNC); Highlands Hammock State Park, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BEB291C3FEED17A8" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1986-10-11">11 Oct. 1986</date>
, H.D. Baggett (CNC); Lake Placid, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934B99C91AFFCDB17A8" box="[687,829,1498,1523]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1960-11-03">3 Nov. 1960</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFDEE934B86191AFFC9B17A8" box="[850,893,1499,1523]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
) genitalia slide USNM 47055, R.R. McElvare; Lake Placid, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BA1A918BFE5B144C" box="[297,445,1535,1559]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1979-10-18">18 Oct. 1979</date>
, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BAFB918AFDBF144C" box="[456,601,1534,1559]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1979-10-26">26 Oct. 1979</date>
D. &amp; V. Hardwick (CNC); 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFDEE934B8BE918BFC26144C" box="[909,960,1534,1559]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" unit="mi" value="2.0">2 mi</quantity>
E of Lake Placid, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BFBD918BFAFE144C" box="[1166,1304,1534,1559]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1960-11-04">4 Nov. 1960</date>
(1 ♀), R.R. McElvare. HILLSBOROUGH CO.: University of Florida Ecological Preserve, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BF3F9257FB781460" box="[1036,1182,1571,1595]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1984-09-21">21 Sep. 1984</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFDEE934BF839257FB3F1460" box="[1200,1241,1571,1595]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BFDD9256FA981460" box="[1262,1406,1570,1595]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1983-10-16">16 Oct. 1983</date>
(1 ♀), H.D. Baggett; Tampa, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BAF79233FDBB1404" box="[452,605,1607,1631]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1984-09-20">20 Sep. 1984</date>
, H.D. Baggett (CNC). LEVY CO.: Williston, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BF5B9233FB081404" box="[1128,1262,1607,1631]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1983-10-03">3 Oct. 1983</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFDEE934BE329233FACD1404" box="[1281,1323,1607,1631]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
) genitalia slide USNM 47050; 
<quantity id="4CAAED9FFFDEE934BA4D921FFE5814D8" box="[382,446,1642,1667]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0921472" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" unit="mi" value="13.0">13 mi</quantity>
SW of Williston, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934B9BA921FFCFA14D8" box="[649,796,1643,1667]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1982-09-18">18 Sep. 1982</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFDEE934B818921FFCB114D8" box="[811,855,1643,1667]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="generic">2 ♂</specimenCount>
), H.D. Baggett. LIBERTY CO.: Torreya State Park, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934BBA492FBFEC314FC" box="[151,293,1679,1703]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1983-10-01">1 Oct. 1983</date>
, S. Roman (CNC). PINELLAS CO.: St. Petersburg, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934B8A092FBFBC814FC" box="[915,1070,1679,1703]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1914-09-24">24 Sep. 1914</date>
(
<specimenCount id="9D548BF3FFDEE934BF7792FBFB9414FC" box="[1092,1138,1679,1703]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
), R. Ludwig, Oct. (1 ♀). WALTON CO.: vic. Campbell Lake, 
<date id="FFEC66BAFFDEE934B90B92C7FD581490" box="[568,702,1715,1739]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" value="1981-10-04">4 Oct. 1981</date>
, H.D. Baggett.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDEE934BBF492A2FA8714B4" blockId="20.[151,1437,922,2027]" box="[199,1377,1750,1775]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BBF492A2FE7B14B4" bold="true" box="[199,413,1750,1775]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Larval host plant.</emphasis>
Coastal plain honeycombhead, 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934B83092A2FAB814B4" authority="(Pursh) B.L. Rob." authorityName="(Pursh) B.L. Rob." box="[771,1374,1750,1775]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Balduina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934B83092A2FC1114B4" box="[771,1015,1750,1775]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Balduina angustifolia</emphasis>
(Pursh) B.L. Rob. (Asteraceae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFDEE934BBF4928EFCE715F8" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDEE934BBF4928EFE161524" blockId="20.[151,1437,922,2027]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BBF4928EFEC11548" bold="true" box="[199,295,1786,1811]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Biology.</emphasis>
Hardwick (1996) details the life history of 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934B839928FFC971548" box="[778,881,1786,1811]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDEE934B839928FFC8B1548" box="[778,877,1786,1811]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulleri">S. fulleri</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The first instar larva bores into a corolla tube and feeds on its contents. In the remaining instars the larva feed on the seeds. In the third and subsequent instars the larva forms a “feeding nest” presumably to hide in during feeding. Larvae complete development in six instars with one specimen only taking five.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDEE934BBF493FEFCE715F8" blockId="20.[151,1437,922,2027]" box="[199,769,1930,1955]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BBF493FEFE8C15F8" bold="true" box="[199,362,1930,1955]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Flight period.</emphasis>
Late September to early November.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFDEE934BBF493DAFDD515B0" pageId="20" pageNumber="177" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDEE934BBF493DAFDD515B0" blockId="20.[151,1437,922,2027]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDEE934BBF493DAFEBF159C" bold="true" box="[199,345,1966,1991]" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13695CFFFFDEE934BA5B93DAFE2C159C" box="[360,458,1966,1991]" captionStart="FIGURES 109" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1555,1578]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1532]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,193,1534]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 109. Distribution of adults and associated host plants. 109, S. volupia, circles; S. fulleri, triangles." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/248762/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="177">Fig. 109</figureCitation>
). Known only from Florida, in the west from Levy and Hillsborough Counties and from Highlands County in central Florida.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34813F1FFDFE935BBF494E3FE75131B" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDFE935BBF494E3FC03128E" blockId="21.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDFE935BBF494E3FEAA12EB" bold="true" box="[199,332,151,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Discussion.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDFE935BA6094E3FE1412EB" box="[339,498,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulleri">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDFE935BA6094E3FE1412EB" box="[339,498,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Schinia fulleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a disjunct population of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDFE935B87D94ECFC5812EB" box="[846,958,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDFE935B87D94ECFC5812EB" box="[846,958,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">S. volupia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex. It has a distinctive white broken pattern of the antemedial and postmedial lines that are similar in 
<emphasis id="B9269C68FFDFE935B85D94C9FC03128E" box="[878,997,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
<taxonomicName id="4C523BF9FFDFE935B85D94C9FC07128E" box="[878,993,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Schinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="178" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="volupia">S. volupia</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED407AFFDFE935BBF494ABFE75131B" blockId="21.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">
This species has a restricted distribution in Florida and southern 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFDFE935B8A794ABFC0812A3" box="[916,1006,223,248]" name="Georgia" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Georgia</collectingCountry>
although its host plant is found almost throughout the entire state and into southeastern 
<collectingCountry id="F34500EAFFDFE935B9EE9570FCD11346" box="[733,823,260,285]" name="Georgia" pageId="21" pageNumber="178">Georgia</collectingCountry>
and extreme southeastern Alabama and Mississippi (USDA, NRCS 2008).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>