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<mods:title id="9C92EB3617170A9E1FDC808DC6EC7353">New records of the larval forms Cerataspis monstrosa and Amphionides reynaudii (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the western tropical Atlantic</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03E487D03E78FFD034EFA533266CE9D8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5694121" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127710949" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5694121" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487D03E78FFD034EFA533266CE9D8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E487D03E78FFD034EFA533266CE9D8" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="342" pageId="4" pageNumber="339">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D453E78FFD334EFA533279DEC27" authority="(Milne Edwards, 1832)" authorityName="Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1832" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[151,726,1804,1831]" class="Malacostraca" family="Amphionididae" genus="Amphionides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphionidacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reynaudii">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E78FFD334EFA533279DEC27" bold="true" box="[151,726,1804,1831]" pageId="4" pageNumber="339">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E78FFD334EFA53324F9EC26" bold="true" box="[151,434,1804,1830]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="339">Amphionides reynaudii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E78FFD335B9A5322785EC27" author="Milne" box="[449,718,1805,1831]" pageId="4" pageNumber="339" refString="Milne Edwards, H. (1832) Note sur un nouveau genre de Crustaces de l'ordre des Stomapodes. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, 1, 336 - 340" type="journal article" year="1832">Milne Edwards, 1832</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C357654D3E78FFD334EFA51025A0EC48" box="[151,235,1839,1864]" pageId="4" pageNumber="339" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E78FFD334EFA51025A0EC48" blockId="4.[151,726,1804,1864]" box="[151,235,1839,1864]" pageId="4" pageNumber="339">
(
<figureCitation id="13762A433E78FFD334E7A51025A9EC48" box="[159,226,1839,1864]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[207,1355,860,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[207,1355,860,1889]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Mysis-stage larvae of Amphionides reynaudii (Milne Edwards, 1832) sampled off St. Peter and St. Pauls Archipelago, Rocas Atoll and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago a. Mysis II, b. Mysis IV, c. Mysis VI, d. Mysis VII, e. Mysis VIII, f. Mysis VIII (specimen very smaller) g. Mysis IX. h. Mysis X, i. Mysis X (specimen very bigger), j. Mysis XI, k. Mysis XII. Lateral view; Scale bar = 2.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/343845/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="339">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="8BF236C63E78FFD334EFA54826C9EC8D" blockId="4.[151,1091,1911,2025]" box="[151,898,1911,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="339">
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D453E78FFD334EFA548278BEC8D" authority="de Reynaudii Milne Edwards 1832: 336 - 340" authorityName="de Reynaudii Milne Edwards" authorityPageNumber="336 - 340" authorityYear="1832" box="[151,704,1911,1933]" class="Trilobita" family="Encrinuridae" genus="Amphion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="4" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E78FFD334EFA5482435EC8D" box="[151,382,1911,1933]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="339">Amphion de Reynaudii</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AEC10D73E78FFD335FCA54827C7EC8D" author="Milne" box="[388,652,1911,1933]" page="336" pageId="4" pageNumber="339" year="1832">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E78FFD335FCA5482710EC8D" author="Milne" box="[388,603,1911,1933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="339" refString="Milne Edwards, H. (1832) Note sur un nouveau genre de Crustaces de l'ordre des Stomapodes. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, 1, 336 - 340" type="journal article" year="1832">Milne Edwards 1832</bibRefCitation>
: 336
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340
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, pl. 12,
<figureCitation id="13762A433E78FFD33769A5482619EC8D" box="[785,850,1911,1933]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[173,1416,1064,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[172,1416,1062,1847]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of the study area in the western tropical Atlantic showing St. Peter and St. Pauls Archipelago (SPSP) (blue circle), Rocas Atoll (RA) (green circle) and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (FN) (red circle). Black dots: sampling stations, with station numbers where the larval forms Cerataspis monstrosa and Amphionides reynaudii where collected." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/343843/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="339">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
10.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E78FFD334EFA5A92654ECAC" blockId="4.[151,1091,1911,2025]" box="[151,799,1942,1964]" pageId="4" pageNumber="339">
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D453E78FFD334EFA5A9273BECAC" ID-CoL="8ZZNS" authority="Reynaudii Milne Edwards 1837: 489" authorityName="Reynaudii Milne Edwards" authorityPageNumber="489" authorityYear="1837" box="[151,624,1942,1964]" class="Trilobita" family="Encrinuridae" genus="Amphion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="4" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E78FFD334EFA5A92414ECAC" box="[151,351,1942,1964]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="339">Amphion Reynaudii</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AEC10D73E78FFD3351DA5A9273BECAC" author="Milne" box="[357,624,1942,1964]" page="489" pageId="4" pageNumber="339" year="1837">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E78FFD3351DA5A92775ECAC" author="Milne" box="[357,574,1942,1964]" pageId="4" pageNumber="339" refString="Milne Edwards, H. (1837) Histoire naturelle des Crustaces, comprenant l'anatomie, la physiologie et la classification de ces animaux, 2, 1 - 532" type="journal article" year="1837">Milne Edwards 1837</bibRefCitation>
: 489
</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 28, figs. 8, 9.
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D453E78FFD334EFA58B2777ECCA" authority="Dohrn 1870: 607 - 626" authorityName="Dohrn" authorityPageNumber="607 - 626" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,572,1972,1994]" class="Trilobita" family="Encrinuridae" genus="Amphion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="4" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reynaudii">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E78FFD334EFA58B2412ECCA" box="[151,345,1972,1994]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="339">Amphion reynaudii</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AEC10D73E78FFD33527A58B2745ECCA" author="Dohrn" box="[351,526,1972,1994]" page="607" pageId="4" pageNumber="339" year="1870">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E78FFD33527A58B2496ECCA" author="Dohrn" box="[351,477,1972,1994]" pageId="4" pageNumber="339" refString="Dohrn, A. 1870. Untersuchungen-X: Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Malakostraken und ihrer Larven. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche zoologie, 20, 607 - 626." type="journal article" year="1870">Dohrn 1870</bibRefCitation>
: 607
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-626
</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation id="13762A433E78FFD3363FA58B27CCECCA" box="[583,647,1972,1994]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[173,1416,1064,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[172,1416,1062,1847]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of the study area in the western tropical Atlantic showing St. Peter and St. Pauls Archipelago (SPSP) (blue circle), Rocas Atoll (RA) (green circle) and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (FN) (red circle). Black dots: sampling stations, with station numbers where the larval forms Cerataspis monstrosa and Amphionides reynaudii where collected." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/343843/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="339">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
10.—
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E78FFD336B3A58B2624ECCA" author="Heegaard" box="[715,879,1972,1994]" pageId="4" pageNumber="339" refString="Heegaard, P. (1969) Larvae of Decapod Crustacea: The Amphionidae. The Carlsberg Foundation, Copenhagen, 82 pp." type="book" year="1969">Heegaard 1969</bibRefCitation>
: 0182,
<figureCitation id="13762A433E78FFD337BCA58B214DECCA" box="[964,1030,1972,1994]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[173,1416,1064,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[172,1416,1062,1847]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of the study area in the western tropical Atlantic showing St. Peter and St. Pauls Archipelago (SPSP) (blue circle), Rocas Atoll (RA) (green circle) and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (FN) (red circle). Black dots: sampling stations, with station numbers where the larval forms Cerataspis monstrosa and Amphionides reynaudii where collected." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/343843/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="339">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
158.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E78FFD334EFA5EC27EDECE9" blockId="4.[151,1091,1911,2025]" box="[151,678,2003,2025]" pageId="4" pageNumber="339">
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D453E78FFD334EFA5EC2704ECE9" authority="Bate 1888: 913 - 918" authorityName="Bate" authorityPageNumber="913 - 918" authorityYear="1888" box="[151,591,2003,2025]" class="Trilobita" family="Encrinuridae" genus="Amphion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="4" pageNumber="339" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="provocatoris">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E78FFD334EFA5EC2433ECE9" box="[151,376,2003,2025]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="339">Amphion provocatoris</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AEC10D73E78FFD33507A5EB2750ECE9" author="Bate" box="[383,539,2003,2025]" page="913" pageId="4" pageNumber="339" year="1888">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E78FFD33507A5EB24A0ECE9" author="Bate" box="[383,491,2003,2025]" pageId="4" pageNumber="339" refString="Bate, C. S. (1888) Report on the Crustacea Macrura collected by the H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Report on the scientific Results of the voyage of H. M S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76, 24, i - xc, 1 - 942." type="journal article" year="1888">Bate 1888</bibRefCitation>
: 913
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918
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 148.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF236C63E79FFD234EFA2A7275AEBAE" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,266]" box="[151,529,152,174]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5D11E83E79FFD234EFA2A7275AEBAE" box="[151,529,152,174]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D453E79FFD234EFA2A72746EBAE" authority="Koeppel 1902: 295" authorityName="Koeppel" authorityPageNumber="295" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,525,152,174]" class="Trilobita" family="Encrinuridae" genus="Amphion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E79FFD234EFA2A72409EBAE" box="[151,322,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">Amphion armata</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AEC10D73E79FFD23530A2A72746EBAE" author="Koeppel" box="[328,525,152,174]" page="295" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" year="1902">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E79FFD23530A2A72491EBAE" author="Koeppel" box="[328,474,152,174]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" refString="Koeppel, E. (1902) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Amphion. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 68, 262 - 298." type="journal article" year="1902">Koeppel 1902</bibRefCitation>
: 295
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5D11E83E79FFD234EFA289248CEA0A" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E79FFD234EFA2892650EBCC" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,266]" box="[151,795,182,204]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D453E79FFD234EFA2892709EBCC" authority="Zimmer 1904: 226" authorityName="Zimmer" authorityPageNumber="226" authorityYear="1904" box="[151,578,182,204]" class="Malacostraca" family="Amphionididae" genus="Amphionides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphionidacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="valdiviae">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E79FFD234EFA2892435EBCC" box="[151,382,182,204]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">Amphionides valdiviae</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AEC10D73E79FFD235FCA2892709EBCC" author="Zimmer" box="[388,578,182,204]" page="226" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" year="1904">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E79FFD235FCA2892758EBCC" author="Zimmer" box="[388,531,182,204]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" refString="Zimmer, C. (1904) Amphionides valdiviae n. g., n. sp. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 28 (7), 225 - 228." type="journal article" year="1904">Zimmer 1904</bibRefCitation>
: 226
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="0AEC10D73E79FFD2361EA289265DEBCC" author="Gurney" box="[614,790,182,204]" page="83" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" year="1960">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E79FFD2361EA28927BBEBCC" author="Gurney" box="[614,752,182,204]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" refString="Gurney, R. (1960) Bibliography of the larvae of decapod crustacea and larvae of decapod crustacean. Discovery Reports, Ray Society, London, England, 94 pp." type="book" year="1960">Gurney 1960</bibRefCitation>
: 83
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E79FFD234EFA2EA248CEA0A" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,266]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D453E79FFD234EFA2EA27ECEBEB" authority="Williamson 1973: 36 - 49" authorityName="Williamson" authorityPageNumber="36 - 49" authorityYear="1973" box="[151,679,213,235]" class="Malacostraca" family="Amphionididae" genus="Amphionides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphionidacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reynaudii">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E79FFD234EFA2EA24CCEBEB" box="[151,391,213,235]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">Amphionides reynaudii</emphasis>
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: 36
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49
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,
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4.—
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: 83
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95, Figs. 62.162.6.—
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Kutschera
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E79FFD2311CA2E920D6EBEB" box="[1380,1437,213,235]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">et al.</emphasis>
2012
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7.
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examined.
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,
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CARECOS Project. St FN-BG,
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, bongo, 300-µm mesh size, 5
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15.711
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FN-100,
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, bongo, 500-µm mesh size, 2
<collectorName id="26B853103E79FFD2378DA39D2172EABB" box="[1013,1081,418,443]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">Mysis</collectorName>
(II, VII) (
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15.713
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FN-90,
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;
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, bongo, 300-µm mesh size,
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, VIII, X (
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15.714
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FN-91,
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;
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, bongo, 500-µm mesh size, 2
<collectorName id="26B853103E79FFD237A6A3D52169E903" box="[990,1058,490,515]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">Mysis</collectorName>
(IV, VIII) (
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15
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FN-106,
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;
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,
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, 500-µm mesh size,
<collectorName id="26B853103E79FFD23036A03121FCE926" box="[1102,1207,526,551]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">Mysis IV</collectorName>
(
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15.716
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).
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FN-98,
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;
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, bongo, 500-µm mesh size,
<collectorName id="26B853103E79FFD2378BA00D2116E94A" box="[1011,1117,562,587]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">Mysis IV</collectorName>
(
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15.717
</specimenCode>
).
<location id="8E92601D3E79FFD23128A00C202CE94B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487D03E78FFD034EFA533266CE9D8:8E92601D3E79FFD23128A00C202CE94B" box="[1360,1383,563,587]" country="Brazil" latitude="-3.913889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-32.46889" name="St" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">St</location>
FN- 107,
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</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B253C9B3E79FFD23673A069274EE992" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1437751971" collectionCode="MOUFPE" collectorName="Epineuston &amp; Mysis VI" country="Brazil" latitude="-3.7533333" location="St" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-32.34" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" specimenCode="MOUFPE 15.718" specimenCount="1">
<quantity id="4CB59B233E79FFD23673A069273CE96E" box="[523,631,598,623]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" metricValueMax="7.6" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" unit="cm" value="3.8" valueMax="7.6" valueMin="0.0">07.6 cm</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="26B853103E79FFD236FDA069264DE96F" box="[645,774,598,623]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">Epineuston</collectorName>
, 500-µm mesh size,
<collectorName id="26B853103E79FFD2378AA0692116E96E" box="[1010,1117,598,623]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">Mysis VI</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBEB9EBD3E79FFD23015A0682077E96F" box="[1133,1340,598,623]" collectionCode="MOUFPE" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/x21b-a7z4" name="Oceanographic Museum of the Federal University of Pernambuco" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE033E79FFD23015A06821AAE96F" box="[1133,1249,599,623]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/x21b-a7z4" name="Oceanographic Museum of the Federal University of Pernambuco" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">MOUFPE</collectionCode>
15.718
</specimenCode>
).
<location id="8E92601D3E79FFD23137A068202DE96F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487D03E78FFD034EFA533266CE9D8:8E92601D3E79FFD23137A068202DE96F" box="[1359,1382,599,623]" country="Brazil" latitude="-3.7533333" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-32.34" name="St" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">St</location>
FN- 91,
<geoCoordinate id="EE7950013E79FFD234BAA0452405E993" box="[194,334,634,659]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" precision="15" value="-3.7533333">03°4512” S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE7950013E79FFD2352DA044274EE992" box="[341,517,635,659]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" precision="15" value="-32.34">032° 2024” W</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B253C9B3E79FFD23669A045277FE9B6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1437751970" collectionCode="MOUFPE" collectorName="Hyponeuston &amp; Mysis IX" country="Brazil" latitude="-3.755" location="St" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-32.342777" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" specimenCode="MOUFPE 15.720" specimenCount="1">
<quantity id="4CB59B233E79FFD23669A04527D4E992" box="[529,671,634,659]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" metricValueMax="2.28" metricValueMin="0.76" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" unit="cm" value="15.2" valueMax="22.8" valueMin="7.6">7.622.8 cm</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="26B853103E79FFD236D3A0442608E993" box="[683,835,635,659]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">Hyponeuston</collectorName>
, 500-µm mesh size,
<collectorName id="26B853103E79FFD23054A04521DDE992" box="[1068,1174,634,659]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">Mysis IX</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBEB9EBD3E79FFD230DDA0442039E993" box="[1189,1394,634,659]" collectionCode="MOUFPE" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/x21b-a7z4" name="Oceanographic Museum of the Federal University of Pernambuco" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE033E79FFD230DDA0442052E993" box="[1189,1305,635,659]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/x21b-a7z4" name="Oceanographic Museum of the Federal University of Pernambuco" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">MOUFPE</collectionCode>
15.720
</specimenCode>
).
<location id="8E92601D3E79FFD231FDA04420D7E993" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487D03E78FFD034EFA533266CE9D8:8E92601D3E79FFD231FDA04420D7E993" box="[1413,1436,635,659]" country="Brazil" latitude="-3.755" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-32.342777" name="St" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">St</location>
FN-93,
<geoCoordinate id="EE7950013E79FFD23488A0A12436E9B7" box="[240,381,670,695]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" precision="15" value="-3.755">03°4518” S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE7950013E79FFD235FFA0A0277FE9B6" box="[391,564,671,695]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" precision="15" value="-32.342777">032°1994 W</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B253C9B3E79FFD2363AA0A1202BE9DA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1437751957" collectionCode="MOUFPE" collectorName="Mysis X &amp; Rocas Atoll. Camadas Finas I" country="Brazil" elevation="75" latitude="-3.7838888" location="St. Peter" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-33.945835" municipality="St. Paul's Archipelago" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" specimenCode="MOUFPE 15.721" specimenCount="1">
<quantity id="4CB59B233E79FFD2363AA0A127EBE9B7" box="[578,672,670,695]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" unit="m" value="75.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="0.0">
<elevation id="0060D1F53E79FFD2363AA0A127EBE9B7" box="[578,672,670,695]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" unit="m" value="75.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="0.0">0150m</elevation>
</quantity>
, bongo, 500-µm mesh size,
<collectorName id="26B853103E79FFD2379EA0A1210CE9B6" box="[998,1095,670,695]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">Mysis X</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBEB9EBD3E79FFD23020A0A0206DE9B7" box="[1112,1318,670,695]" collectionCode="MOUFPE" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/x21b-a7z4" name="Oceanographic Museum of the Federal University of Pernambuco" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE033E79FFD23020A0A02187E9B7" box="[1112,1228,671,695]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/x21b-a7z4" name="Oceanographic Museum of the Federal University of Pernambuco" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">MOUFPE</collectionCode>
15.721
</specimenCode>
).
<location id="8E92601D3E79FFD23143A0A020D7E9B6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487D03E78FFD034EFA533266CE9D8:8E92601D3E79FFD23143A0A020D7E9B6" box="[1339,1436,671,695]" country="Brazil" latitude="-3.7838888" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-33.945835" municipality="St. Paul's Archipelago" name="St. Peter" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">St. Peter</location>
and
<collectingMunicipality id="6B96ACBC3E79FFD234BEA0FC248AE9DB" box="[198,449,706,731]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">St. Pauls Archipelago</collectingMunicipality>
and
<collectorName id="26B853103E79FFD2358FA0FC260FE9DA" box="[503,836,706,731]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">Rocas Atoll. Camadas Finas I</collectorName>
Project. St RA-66,
<geoCoordinate id="EE7950013E79FFD23058A0FC21E7E9DB" box="[1056,1196,707,731]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" precision="15" value="-3.7838888">03°4702” S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE7950013E79FFD230CBA0FC202BE9DA" box="[1203,1376,706,731]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" precision="15" value="-33.945835">033° 5645” W</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B253C9B3E79FFD23113A0FD25FFE822" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1437751954" collectionCode="MOUFPE" collectorName="Hyponeuston &amp; Mysis XI" country="Brazil" latitude="0.9166667" location="St" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-29.334723" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" specimenCode="MOUFPE 15.722" specimenCount="1">
<quantity id="4CB59B233E79FFD23113A0FD25BEE9FE" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" metricValueMax="2.28" metricValueMin="0.76" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" unit="cm" value="15.2" valueMax="22.8" valueMin="7.6">7.6 22.8 cm</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="26B853103E79FFD2357AA0D824D1E9FF" box="[258,410,743,767]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">Hyponeuston</collectorName>
, 500-µm mesh size,
<collectorName id="26B853103E79FFD236FFA0D927BAE9FE" box="[647,753,742,767]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">Mysis XI</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DBEB9EBD3E79FFD23779A0D8269BE9FF" box="[769,976,742,767]" collectionCode="MOUFPE" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/x21b-a7z4" name="Oceanographic Museum of the Federal University of Pernambuco" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE033E79FFD23779A0D8263EE9FF" box="[769,885,743,767]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/x21b-a7z4" name="Oceanographic Museum of the Federal University of Pernambuco" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">MOUFPE</collectionCode>
15.722
</specimenCode>
).
<location id="8E92601D3E79FFD2379BA0D826B1E9FF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487D03E78FFD034EFA533266CE9D8:8E92601D3E79FFD2379BA0D826B1E9FF" box="[995,1018,743,767]" country="Brazil" latitude="0.9166667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-29.334723" name="St" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">St</location>
SPSP-73,
<geoCoordinate id="EE7950013E79FFD2300EA0D92043E9FE" box="[1142,1288,742,767]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" precision="15" value="0.9166667">00°5500” N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE7950013E79FFD23169A0D825FFE822" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" precision="15" value="-29.334723">029° 2005” W</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<quantity id="4CB59B233E79FFD234C7A1352461E822" box="[191,298,778,803]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" metricValueMax="7.6" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" unit="cm" value="3.8" valueMax="7.6" valueMin="0.0">07.6 cm</quantity>
, Epineuston, 500-µm mesh size, Mysis II (MOUFPE 15.712).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF32664E3E79FFD234EFA542276BECEF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/343845/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" targetBox="[207,1355,860,1889]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E79FFD234EFA542276BECEF" blockId="5.[151,1436,1917,2031]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E79FFD234EFA5422453EC93" bold="true" box="[151,280,1917,1939]" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Mysis-stage larvae of
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D453E79FFD2366EA5422142EC93" authority="(Milne Edwards, 1832)" authorityName="Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1832" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[534,1033,1917,1939]" class="Malacostraca" family="Amphionididae" genus="Amphionides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphionidacea" pageId="5" pageNumber="340" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reynaudii">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E79FFD2366EA542264DEC93" box="[534,774,1917,1939]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="340">Amphionides reynaudii</emphasis>
(Milne Edwards, 1832)
</taxonomicName>
sampled off St. Peter and St. Pauls Archipelago, Rocas Atoll and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago a. Mysis II, b. Mysis IV, c. Mysis VI, d. Mysis VII, e. Mysis VIII, f. Mysis VIII (specimen very smaller) g. Mysis IX. h. Mysis X, i. Mysis X (specimen very bigger), j. Mysis XI, k. Mysis XII. Lateral view; Scale bar = 2.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C357654D3E7AFFD134BFA2A82454E960" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E7AFFD134BFA2A82454E960" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD134BFA2A824B7EBB0" bold="true" box="[199,508,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Diagnosis for the larvae.</emphasis>
Body long and laterally compressed; long, diaphanous and delicate carapace, anterior margin with a pair of orbital spines, and a pair of simple antennal spines; with anterior dorsal organ, short rostrum; large eyes, eye-stalk with ellipsoid form and possess ommatidia, each with crystalline cone cells; short abdomen with six segments, bearing a lateral process on the first abdominal segment in stages II-XII; pleopods absent in stages II-IX; the first pair of thoracic appendages develops into functional maxillipeds; the second and third maxillipeds develop into locomotory organs with long exopodial swimming fans. In later larval stages the second and the third maxillipeds can only be distinguished from the thoracopods by their enervation and position, all these appendages are known as thoracopods; the first stage (
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD137FAA3AA268BEAAC" box="[898,960,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD137B3A3AA2123EAAC" author="Fransen" box="[971,1128,404,428]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Fransen, C. H. J. M. (2010) Order Amphionidacea Williamson, 1973. In: Schram, F. M. R. &amp; Von Vaupel Klein, J. C. (Eds.), Treatise on Zoology - Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology - The Crustacea, Decapoda, Vol. 9 Part A: Eucarida: Euphausiacea, Amphionidacea, and Decapoda (partim). Brill, Leiden, pp. 83 - 95." type="journal article" year="2010">Fransen 2010</bibRefCitation>
) starts with two antennae, mandible, maxillula, maxilla, and three thoracopods, in the second stage, the fourth thoracopod starts to develop as a little bud. In the successive Mysis stages the other thoracopods develop; telson with rounded posterior border in early stages to pointed posterior border in later stages. Uropods vestigial in the second stage, present in all other stages, always forming a tail fan together with the telson (modified from
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD137ACA01B213DE93D" author="Heegard" box="[980,1142,548,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Heegaard, P. (1969) Larvae of Decapod Crustacea: The Amphionidae. The Carlsberg Foundation, Copenhagen, 82 pp." type="book" year="1969">Heegard 1969</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD130FAA01A2055E93C" author="Fransen" box="[1154,1310,548,572]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Fransen, C. H. J. M. (2010) Order Amphionidacea Williamson, 1973. In: Schram, F. M. R. &amp; Von Vaupel Klein, J. C. (Eds.), Treatise on Zoology - Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology - The Crustacea, Decapoda, Vol. 9 Part A: Eucarida: Euphausiacea, Amphionidacea, and Decapoda (partim). Brill, Leiden, pp. 83 - 95." type="journal article" year="2010">Fransen 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD13152A01B2458E960" author="Kutschera" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Kutschera, V., Maas, A., Waloszek, D., Haug, C. &amp; Haug, J. T. (2012) Re-study of larval stages of (Malacostraca: Eucarida) with modern imaging techniques. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 32, 916 - 930. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 1937240 X- 00002092" type="journal article" year="2012">
Kutschera
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD134EFA0762584E960" box="[151,207,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357654D3E7AFFD134BFA053200CE880" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E7AFFD134BFA053266DE85C" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">
<materialsCitation id="3B253C9B3E7AFFD134BFA0532627E985" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1437751967" box="[199,876,620,645]" location="North" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="North">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD134BFA05324BAE985" bold="true" box="[199,497,620,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Geographic distribution.</emphasis>
eastern
<collectingRegion id="4989F8243E7AFFD1362AA05327D8E985" box="[594,659,620,645]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">North</collectingRegion>
Atlantic: Canaries
</materialsCitation>
, Cape Verde;
<materialsCitation id="3B253C9B3E7AFFD13076A052244AE9A8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1437751950" country="Bermuda" location="North" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="North">
western
<collectingRegion id="4989F8243E7AFFD13016A05321E4E985" box="[1134,1199,620,645]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">North</collectingRegion>
Atlantic:
<collectingCountry id="F35A76563E7AFFD1315BA05320D3E985" box="[1315,1432,620,645]" name="Bermuda" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Bermudas</collectingCountry>
, Caribben
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B253C9B3E7AFFD13569A0AF2685E9CD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1437751951" country="Madagascar" county="western Indian Ocean" location="west Africa" municipality="Bay of Bengal" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="South">
eastern
<collectingRegion id="4989F8243E7AFFD13514A0B024E6E9A8" box="[364,429,655,680]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">South</collectingRegion>
Atlantic:
<location id="8E92601D3E7AFFD1365FA0AF27F9E9A8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487D03E78FFD034EFA533266CE9D8:8E92601D3E7AFFD1365FA0AF27F9E9A8" box="[551,690,655,680]" country="Madagascar" county="western Indian Ocean" municipality="Bay of Bengal" name="west Africa" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" stateProvince="South">west Africa</location>
;
<location id="8E92601D3E7AFFD136B9A0B02699E9A8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487D03E78FFD034EFA533266CE9D8:8E92601D3E7AFFD136B9A0B02699E9A8" box="[705,978,655,680]" country="Madagascar" county="western Indian Ocean" municipality="Bay of Bengal" name="Northern Indian Ocean" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" stateProvince="South">Northern Indian Ocean</location>
: Arabian Sea, Error Seamount,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B96ACBC3E7AFFD13134A0AF25A1E9CD" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Bay of Bengal</collectingMunicipality>
;
<collectingCounty id="62934E4A3E7AFFD13480A08A24BDE9CC" box="[248,502,692,717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">western Indian Ocean</collectingCounty>
: Saya-de-Malya, Seyshelles,
<collectingCountry id="F35A76563E7AFFD1373DA08B2685E9CD" box="[837,974,692,717]" name="Madagascar" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
, Mauritius islands, Mozambique slopes;
<materialsCitation id="3B253C9B3E7AFFD134EFA0E7274CE9F0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1437751963" box="[151,519,727,752]" country="Colombia" location="North" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="North">
eastern
<collectingRegion id="4989F8243E7AFFD13496A0E82464E9F0" box="[238,303,727,752]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">North</collectingRegion>
Pacific:
<collectingCountry id="F35A76563E7AFFD135EDA0E8274CE9F0" box="[405,519,727,752]" name="Colombia" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Colombia</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B253C9B3E7AFFD1366CA0E727B5E815" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1437751969" country="Chile" location="Easter Island" municipality="San Felix islands" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="South">
eastern
<collectingRegion id="4989F8243E7AFFD13613A0E827E7E9F0" box="[619,684,727,752]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">South</collectingRegion>
Pacific:
<collectingCountry id="F35A76563E7AFFD1376AA0E82604E9F0" box="[786,847,727,752]" name="Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Chile</collectingCountry>
from Caldera to
<location id="8E92601D3E7AFFD1306AA0E721E2E9F0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E487D03E78FFD034EFA533266CE9D8:8E92601D3E7AFFD1306AA0E721E2E9F0" box="[1042,1193,727,752]" country="Chile" municipality="San Felix islands" name="Easter Island" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" stateProvince="South">Easter Island</location>
; Desventuradas, Juan Fernándes, Salas and Gómez and
<collectingMunicipality id="6B96ACBC3E7AFFD13657A0C327B5E815" box="[559,766,764,789]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">San Felix islands</collectingMunicipality>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B253C9B3E7AFFD13777A0C2212CE814" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1437751962" box="[783,1127,764,789]" country="Japan" location="North" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="North">
western
<collectingRegion id="4989F8243E7AFFD1370BA0C326FEE815" box="[883,949,764,789]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">North</collectingRegion>
Pacific:
<collectingCountry id="F35A76563E7AFFD1305CA0C2212CE814" box="[1060,1127,765,788]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Japan</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
; Philippines;
<materialsCitation id="3B253C9B3E7AFFD13173A0C3275AE838" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1437751956" country="Australia" location="North" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="North">
Northeastern
<collectingCountry id="F35A76563E7AFFD134EFA120244AE838" box="[151,257,799,824]" name="Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Australia</collectingCountry>
; central
<collectingRegion id="4989F8243E7AFFD13517A12024FBE838" box="[367,432,799,824]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">North</collectingRegion>
Pacific
</materialsCitation>
:
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<collectingRegion id="4989F8243E7AFFD1365CA120273EE838" box="[548,629,799,824]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD136F3A1202608E838" author="Heegaard" box="[651,835,799,824]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Heegaard, P. (1969) Larvae of Decapod Crustacea: The Amphionidae. The Carlsberg Foundation, Copenhagen, 82 pp." type="book" year="1969">Heegaard 1969</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD1372EA1202169E838" author="Williamson" box="[854,1058,799,824]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Williamson, D. I. (1973) Amphionides reynaudii (H. Milne Edwards), Representative of a Proposed New Order of Eucaridan Malacostraca. Crustaceana, 25, 35 - 50. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854073 X 00470" type="journal article" year="1973">Williamson 1973</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD1304DA1202046E838" author="Vereshchaka" box="[1077,1293,799,824]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Vereshchaka, A. L. (1995) Macroplankton in the near-bottom layer of continental slopes and seamounts. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 42, 1639 - 1668. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / 0967 - 0637 (95) 00065 - E" type="journal article" year="1995">Vereshchaka 1995</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD13158A120241BE85C" author="Lindley" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Lindley, J. A. &amp; Hernandez, F. (1999) The occurrence in waters around the Canary and Cape Verde Islands of Amphionides reynaudii, the sole species of the order Amphionidacea (Crustaces: Eucarida). Revista de la Academia Canaria de Ciencias, 11, 113 - 119." type="journal article" year="1999">Lindley &amp; Hernandes 1999</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD13524A17B2762E85C" author="Rivera" box="[348,553,836,861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Rivera, J., Guzman, G. &amp; Mujica, A. (2004) Amphionides reynaudii (H. Milne Edwards, 1832) (Amphionidacea: Amphionididae): identificacion de estadios larvales y nuevo orden de crustaceos en aguas oceanicas chilenas. Investigaciones Marinas, 32, 101 - 106. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.4067 / S 0717 - 71782004000100009" type="journal article" year="2004">
Rivera
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD135D6A17A24ADE85C" box="[430,486,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD1364CA17B2651E85C" author="Landeira" box="[564,794,836,861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Landeira, J. M., Lozano-Soldevilla, F., Hernandez-Leon, S. &amp; Barton, E. D. (2010) Spatial variability of planktonic invertebrate larvae in the Canary Islands area. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 90, 1217 - 122. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315409990750" type="journal volume" year="2010">
Landeira
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD136E6A17A279DE85C" box="[670,726,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E7AFFD134BFA158200CE880" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1351,871,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">
<materialsCitation id="3B253C9B3E7AFFD134BFA158200CE880" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1437751966" box="[199,1351,871,896]" collectorName="Fernando de Noronha Archipelago" location="St. Peter" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Paul">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD134BFA1582417E880" bold="true" box="[199,348,871,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">New records</emphasis>
.
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and St.
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Archipelago,
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and Rocas Atoll.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357654D3E7AFFD034BFA1B32656EA64" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="342" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E7AFFD134BFA1B327E5EF58" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD134BFA1B32470E8A5" bold="true" box="[199,315,908,933]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Remarks.</emphasis>
This study is the first record of this species for these oceanic islands and also the first record in neuston samples. Nine larval stages were registered in this study, based on the stage classification of
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD13149A19025AFE8ED" author="Heegaard" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Heegaard, P. (1969) Larvae of Decapod Crustacea: The Amphionidae. The Carlsberg Foundation, Copenhagen, 82 pp." type="book" year="1969">Heegaard (1969)</bibRefCitation>
. Among the three specimens classified as Mysis X in this study, one specimen is probably an intermediary stage between Mysis X and XI
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD13679A1C62774EF10" box="[513,575,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD13630A1C82642EF10" author="Heegaard" box="[584,777,1015,1040]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Heegaard, P. (1969) Larvae of Decapod Crustacea: The Amphionidae. The Carlsberg Foundation, Copenhagen, 82 pp." type="book" year="1969">Heegaard (1969)</bibRefCitation>
, because of the different size and development of the last thoracopods (
<figureCitation id="13762A433E7AFFD13548A623243FEF35" box="[304,372,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[207,1355,860,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[207,1355,860,1889]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Mysis-stage larvae of Amphionides reynaudii (Milne Edwards, 1832) sampled off St. Peter and St. Pauls Archipelago, Rocas Atoll and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago a. Mysis II, b. Mysis IV, c. Mysis VI, d. Mysis VII, e. Mysis VIII, f. Mysis VIII (specimen very smaller) g. Mysis IX. h. Mysis X, i. Mysis X (specimen very bigger), j. Mysis XI, k. Mysis XII. Lateral view; Scale bar = 2.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/343845/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">
Fig.
<date id="FFF310063E7AFFD1351DA623243FEF35" box="[357,372,1052,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">3</date>
</figureCitation>
i,
<tableCitation id="C6CF037D3E7AFFD135F2A6232496EF34" box="[394,477,1052,1077]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,235,261,283]" captionTargetBox="[159,1408,404,1338]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Sampling locations, geographic coordinates, gear and mesh size used to collect Cerataspis monstrosa and Amphionides reynaudii larval forms. CL: Carapace length. TL: total length. FN: Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, SPSP: St. Peter and St. Pauls Archipelago, RA: Rocas Atoll. Nearshore stations: Baia dos Golfinhos (BG). 66 to 107: Station numbers. Table 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF32664E3E7EFFD534EFA33A25A3EA78" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" tableUuid="DF32664E3E7EFFD534EFA33A25A3EA78">Table 1</tableCitation>
). The existence of this intermediary stage was first hypothesized by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD13092A62325AFEF58" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Kutschera, V., Maas, A., Waloszek, D., Haug, C. &amp; Haug, J. T. (2012) Re-study of larval stages of (Malacostraca: Eucarida) with modern imaging techniques. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 32, 916 - 930. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 1937240 X- 00002092" type="journal article">
Kutschera
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD1311BA62220D7EF34" box="[1379,1436,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
, although it was not found in their study.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E7AFFD134BFA65B2446EFA0" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">
Several specimens found in this study differ in size from those analyzed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD13063A65B2193EF7D" author="Heegaard" box="[1051,1240,1124,1149]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Heegaard, P. (1969) Larvae of Decapod Crustacea: The Amphionidae. The Carlsberg Foundation, Copenhagen, 82 pp." type="book" year="1969">Heegaard (1969)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD13177A65B2443EFA0" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Kutschera, V., Maas, A., Waloszek, D., Haug, C. &amp; Haug, J. T. (2012) Re-study of larval stages of (Malacostraca: Eucarida) with modern imaging techniques. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 32, 916 - 930. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 1937240 X- 00002092" type="journal article">
Kutschera
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD131F0A65A25FFEFA0" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E7AFFD134BFA69326CCEE78" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">
The Mysis IV
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD13513A69224E2EFC4" box="[363,425,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD135C9A693273AEFC5" author="Heegaard" box="[433,625,1196,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Heegaard, P. (1969) Larvae of Decapod Crustacea: The Amphionidae. The Carlsberg Foundation, Copenhagen, 82 pp." type="book" year="1969">Heegaard (1969)</bibRefCitation>
, which corresponds to stage 1
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD137B4A6922141EFC4" box="[972,1034,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD1306AA693205CEFC4" box="[1042,1303,1196,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Kutschera, V., Maas, A., Waloszek, D., Haug, C. &amp; Haug, J. T. (2012) Re-study of larval stages of (Malacostraca: Eucarida) with modern imaging techniques. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 32, 916 - 930. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 1937240 X- 00002092" type="journal article">
Kutschera
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD130F4A692218FEFC4" box="[1164,1220,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
was caught as three individuals with
<quantity id="4CB59B233E7AFFD135C9A6EF2721EFE8" box="[433,618,1232,1256]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.32" metricValueMax="2.41" metricValueMin="2.23" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" unit="mm" value="2.32" valueMax="2.41" valueMin="2.23">2.23 to 2.41 mm</quantity>
CL and
<quantity id="4CB59B233E7AFFD136B3A6F026CEEFE8" box="[715,901,1231,1256]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.02" metricValueMax="6.23" metricValueMin="5.81" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" unit="mm" value="6.02" valueMax="6.23" valueMin="5.81">5.81 to 6.23 mm</quantity>
TL (
<tableCitation id="C6CF037D3E7AFFD137C4A6F0215BEFE8" box="[956,1040,1231,1256]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,235,261,283]" captionTargetBox="[159,1408,404,1338]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Sampling locations, geographic coordinates, gear and mesh size used to collect Cerataspis monstrosa and Amphionides reynaudii larval forms. CL: Carapace length. TL: total length. FN: Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, SPSP: St. Peter and St. Pauls Archipelago, RA: Rocas Atoll. Nearshore stations: Baia dos Golfinhos (BG). 66 to 107: Station numbers. Table 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF32664E3E7EFFD534EFA33A25A3EA78" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" tableUuid="DF32664E3E7EFFD534EFA33A25A3EA78">Table 1</tableCitation>
). The Mysis IV found in
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD13149A6F025AAEE0D" author="Heegaard" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Heegaard, P. (1969) Larvae of Decapod Crustacea: The Amphionidae. The Carlsberg Foundation, Copenhagen, 82 pp." type="book" year="1969">Heegaard (1969)</bibRefCitation>
was of similar size, with CL =
<quantity id="4CB59B233E7AFFD13632A6CB27EAEE0C" box="[586,673,1268,1292]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
and TL = 6.0 mm (CL =
<quantity id="4CB59B233E7AFFD137BEA6CB212EEE0C" box="[966,1125,1268,1292]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="2.2">2.2 to 2.3 mm</quantity>
and TL =
<quantity id="4CB59B233E7AFFD130A7A6CB2034EE0C" box="[1247,1407,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="6.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" unit="mm" value="6.15" valueMax="6.2" valueMin="6.1">6.1 to 6.2 mm</quantity>
in
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD134EFA72824C5EE30" author="Kutschera" box="[151,398,1303,1328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Kutschera, V., Maas, A., Waloszek, D., Haug, C. &amp; Haug, J. T. (2012) Re-study of larval stages of (Malacostraca: Eucarida) with modern imaging techniques. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 32, 916 - 930. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 1937240 X- 00002092" type="journal article" year="2012">
Kutschera
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD13568A7262402EE30" box="[272,329,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
). One specimens classified as Mysis IV in this study was considerably smaller, with a TL =
<quantity id="4CB59B233E7AFFD134EFA70325B1EE54" box="[151,250,1340,1365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.81" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" unit="mm" value="5.81">5.81 mm</quantity>
(the same size of the Mysis III in
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD1360BA703266AEE55" author="Heegaard" box="[627,801,1340,1365]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Heegaard, P. (1969) Larvae of Decapod Crustacea: The Amphionidae. The Carlsberg Foundation, Copenhagen, 82 pp." type="book" year="1969">Heegaard 1969</bibRefCitation>
), but with a similar morphology of the Mysis IV, because of the well-developed first pereiopod, telson and uropods (
<figureCitation id="13762A433E7AFFD1375FA7602622EE78" box="[807,873,1375,1400]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[207,1355,860,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[207,1355,860,1889]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Mysis-stage larvae of Amphionides reynaudii (Milne Edwards, 1832) sampled off St. Peter and St. Pauls Archipelago, Rocas Atoll and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago a. Mysis II, b. Mysis IV, c. Mysis VI, d. Mysis VII, e. Mysis VIII, f. Mysis VIII (specimen very smaller) g. Mysis IX. h. Mysis X, i. Mysis X (specimen very bigger), j. Mysis XI, k. Mysis XII. Lateral view; Scale bar = 2.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/343845/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
b).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E7AFFD134BFA7BA276FED50" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">
In this study, two specimens were found as Mysis VIII with very different sizes, with
<quantity id="4CB59B233E7AFFD130E1A7BB21B4EE9C" box="[1177,1279,1412,1437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.69" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" unit="mm" value="3.69">3.69 mm</quantity>
and
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CL and
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and
<quantity id="4CB59B233E7AFFD135F3A79724A4EEC0" box="[395,495,1448,1472]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.42" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" unit="mm" value="9.42">9.42 mm</quantity>
TL. One of those Mysis VIII was considerably smaller than expected, but showed a morphology that was similar to a Mysis VIII, because of the poorly developed first pereiopod (
<figureCitation id="13762A433E7AFFD130A2A7F32056EEE5" box="[1242,1309,1484,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[207,1355,860,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[207,1355,860,1889]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Mysis-stage larvae of Amphionides reynaudii (Milne Edwards, 1832) sampled off St. Peter and St. Pauls Archipelago, Rocas Atoll and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago a. Mysis II, b. Mysis IV, c. Mysis VI, d. Mysis VII, e. Mysis VIII, f. Mysis VIII (specimen very smaller) g. Mysis IX. h. Mysis X, i. Mysis X (specimen very bigger), j. Mysis XI, k. Mysis XII. Lateral view; Scale bar = 2.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/343845/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
f,
<tableCitation id="C6CF037D3E7AFFD1314FA7F320C0EEE4" box="[1335,1419,1484,1509]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,235,261,283]" captionTargetBox="[159,1408,404,1338]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Sampling locations, geographic coordinates, gear and mesh size used to collect Cerataspis monstrosa and Amphionides reynaudii larval forms. CL: Carapace length. TL: total length. FN: Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, SPSP: St. Peter and St. Pauls Archipelago, RA: Rocas Atoll. Nearshore stations: Baia dos Golfinhos (BG). 66 to 107: Station numbers. Table 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF32664E3E7EFFD534EFA33A25A3EA78" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" tableUuid="DF32664E3E7EFFD534EFA33A25A3EA78">Table 1</tableCitation>
). The Mysis VIII in
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD13512A7D02763ED08" author="Heegaard" box="[362,552,1519,1544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Heegaard, P. (1969) Larvae of Decapod Crustacea: The Amphionidae. The Carlsberg Foundation, Copenhagen, 82 pp." type="book" year="1969">Heegaard (1969)</bibRefCitation>
showed CL =
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and TL = 9.0 mm, similar to the larger specimen in this study.
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD13498A42B249AED2C" author="Kutschera" box="[224,465,1556,1581]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Kutschera, V., Maas, A., Waloszek, D., Haug, C. &amp; Haug, J. T. (2012) Re-study of larval stages of (Malacostraca: Eucarida) with modern imaging techniques. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 32, 916 - 930. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 1937240 X- 00002092" type="journal article" year="2012">
Kutschera
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD13521A42A24D9ED2C" box="[345,402,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
also found a considerable size range for their stage 4 (i.e., Mysis VIII), with CL =
<quantity id="4CB59B233E7AFFD13101A42B2442ED50" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="4.2" valueMin="3.8">3.8 to 4.2 mm</quantity>
and TL = 9.0 to
<quantity id="4CB59B233E7AFFD135BEA4072754ED50" box="[454,543,1592,1616]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" unit="mm" value="9.1">9.1 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E7AFFD134BFA4632127EC70" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">
The Mysis X presented in this study showed a TL =
<quantity id="4CB59B233E7AFFD13765A4632692ED74" box="[797,985,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.199999999999999" metricValueMax="7.88" metricValueMin="6.52" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" unit="mm" value="7.199999999999999" valueMax="7.88" valueMin="6.52">6.52 to 7.88 mm</quantity>
and CL =
<quantity id="4CB59B233E7AFFD1302CA4632064ED74" box="[1108,1327,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.434" metricValueMax="1.565" metricValueMin="1.303" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" unit="mm" value="14.34" valueMax="15.65" valueMin="13.03">13.03 to 15.65 mm</quantity>
; for three specimens measured (
<tableCitation id="C6CF037D3E7AFFD135F7A44024AFED98" box="[399,484,1663,1688]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,235,261,283]" captionTargetBox="[159,1408,404,1338]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Sampling locations, geographic coordinates, gear and mesh size used to collect Cerataspis monstrosa and Amphionides reynaudii larval forms. CL: Carapace length. TL: total length. FN: Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, SPSP: St. Peter and St. Pauls Archipelago, RA: Rocas Atoll. Nearshore stations: Baia dos Golfinhos (BG). 66 to 107: Station numbers. Table 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF32664E3E7EFFD534EFA33A25A3EA78" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" tableUuid="DF32664E3E7EFFD534EFA33A25A3EA78">Table 1</tableCitation>
); the larvae recorded by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD1377DA4402688ED98" author="Heegaard" box="[773,963,1663,1688]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Heegaard, P. (1969) Larvae of Decapod Crustacea: The Amphionidae. The Carlsberg Foundation, Copenhagen, 82 pp." type="book" year="1969">Heegaard (1969)</bibRefCitation>
presented a TL = 7.0 mm and CL = 13.0 mm and the larvae recorded by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD13580A49B27ADEDBC" author="Kutschera" box="[504,742,1700,1725]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Kutschera, V., Maas, A., Waloszek, D., Haug, C. &amp; Haug, J. T. (2012) Re-study of larval stages of (Malacostraca: Eucarida) with modern imaging techniques. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 32, 916 - 930. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 1937240 X- 00002092" type="journal article" year="2012">
Kutschera
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD13608A49A27E3EDBC" box="[624,680,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
as stage 6 presented a TL =
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and CL = 13.0 -
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. The specimens with 14.95 and
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recorded in the present study were larger than the Mysis X described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD134EFA4D32411EC05" author="Heegaard" box="[151,346,1772,1797]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Heegaard, P. (1969) Larvae of Decapod Crustacea: The Amphionidae. The Carlsberg Foundation, Copenhagen, 82 pp." type="book" year="1969">Heegaard (1969)</bibRefCitation>
. However, it did not present any characteristics (e.g. no present pleopod development) of the Mysis XI (
<figureCitation id="13762A433E7AFFD13576A530241AEC28" box="[270,337,1807,1832]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[207,1355,860,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[207,1355,860,1889]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Mysis-stage larvae of Amphionides reynaudii (Milne Edwards, 1832) sampled off St. Peter and St. Pauls Archipelago, Rocas Atoll and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago a. Mysis II, b. Mysis IV, c. Mysis VI, d. Mysis VII, e. Mysis VIII, f. Mysis VIII (specimen very smaller) g. Mysis IX. h. Mysis X, i. Mysis X (specimen very bigger), j. Mysis XI, k. Mysis XII. Lateral view; Scale bar = 2.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/343845/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">
Fig.
<date id="FFF310063E7AFFD1353AA530241AEC28" box="[322,337,1807,1832]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">3</date>
</figureCitation>
i). The present study records Mysis XI and XII with TL = 15.4 and 21.17, respectively, which were also smaller than the larvae described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD13612A50B2661EC4D" author="Heegaard" box="[618,810,1844,1869]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Heegaard, P. (1969) Larvae of Decapod Crustacea: The Amphionidae. The Carlsberg Foundation, Copenhagen, 82 pp." type="book" year="1969">Heegaard (1969)</bibRefCitation>
. Probably, the specimens recorded in this study may be the hypothetical phase between Mysis XI and XII suggested by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD1371AA5682123EC70" box="[866,1128,1879,1904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Kutschera, V., Maas, A., Waloszek, D., Haug, C. &amp; Haug, J. T. (2012) Re-study of larval stages of (Malacostraca: Eucarida) with modern imaging techniques. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 32, 916 - 930. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 1937240 X- 00002092" type="journal article">
Kutschera
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7AFFD137A3A5662158EC70" box="[987,1043,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E7AFFD034BFA5432656EA64" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,728]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="342" pageId="6" pageNumber="341">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD134BFA54324C2EC95" author="Heegaard" box="[199,393,1916,1941]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Heegaard, P. (1969) Larvae of Decapod Crustacea: The Amphionidae. The Carlsberg Foundation, Copenhagen, 82 pp." type="book" year="1969">Heegaard (1969)</bibRefCitation>
described thirteen different larval stages from the Indian Ocean Expedition. In contrast,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD134EFA59F2420ECB8" author="Williamson" box="[151,363,1952,1977]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Williamson, D. I. (1973) Amphionides reynaudii (H. Milne Edwards), Representative of a Proposed New Order of Eucaridan Malacostraca. Crustaceana, 25, 35 - 50. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854073 X 00470" type="journal article" year="1973">Williamson (1973)</bibRefCitation>
analyzed the same samples studied by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7AFFD13754A59F26A0ECB9" author="Heegaard" box="[812,1003,1952,1977]" pageId="6" pageNumber="341" refString="Heegaard, P. (1969) Larvae of Decapod Crustacea: The Amphionidae. The Carlsberg Foundation, Copenhagen, 82 pp." type="book" year="1969">Heegaard (1969)</bibRefCitation>
and suggested that the stages XII and XIII were a female and a male specimens, respectively, and that they were not successive larval stages, as suggested by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7BFFD03549A2A824B9EBB0" author="Heegaard" box="[305,498,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" refString="Heegaard, P. (1969) Larvae of Decapod Crustacea: The Amphionidae. The Carlsberg Foundation, Copenhagen, 82 pp." type="book" year="1969">Heegaard (1969)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7BFFD03586A2A82648EBB0" box="[510,771,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" refString="Kutschera, V., Maas, A., Waloszek, D., Haug, C. &amp; Haug, J. T. (2012) Re-study of larval stages of (Malacostraca: Eucarida) with modern imaging techniques. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 32, 916 - 930. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 1937240 X- 00002092" type="journal article">
Kutschera
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7BFFD0360FA2A627FAEBB0" box="[631,689,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
have drawn the same conclusion as
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7BFFD030D9A2A82032EBB0" author="Williamson" box="[1185,1401,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" refString="Williamson, D. I. (1973) Amphionides reynaudii (H. Milne Edwards), Representative of a Proposed New Order of Eucaridan Malacostraca. Crustaceana, 25, 35 - 50. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854073 X 00470" type="journal article" year="1973">Williamson (1973)</bibRefCitation>
. In the present study, one Mysis XII was found, with the characteristics of a female (
<figureCitation id="13762A433E7BFFD03044A28321CBEBD5" box="[1084,1152,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1917,1939]" captionTargetBox="[207,1355,860,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[207,1355,860,1889]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Mysis-stage larvae of Amphionides reynaudii (Milne Edwards, 1832) sampled off St. Peter and St. Pauls Archipelago, Rocas Atoll and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago a. Mysis II, b. Mysis IV, c. Mysis VI, d. Mysis VII, e. Mysis VIII, f. Mysis VIII (specimen very smaller) g. Mysis IX. h. Mysis X, i. Mysis X (specimen very bigger), j. Mysis XI, k. Mysis XII. Lateral view; Scale bar = 2.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/343845/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
l), which should have no eighth thoracopods and a uniramous first pleopod (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7BFFD0376BA2E026A9EBF8" author="Williamson" box="[787,994,223,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" refString="Williamson, D. I. (1973) Amphionides reynaudii (H. Milne Edwards), Representative of a Proposed New Order of Eucaridan Malacostraca. Crustaceana, 25, 35 - 50. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854073 X 00470" type="journal article" year="1973">Williamson 1973</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7BFFD0378FA2DF21D6EBF8" author="Fransen" box="[1015,1181,224,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" refString="Fransen, C. H. J. M. (2010) Order Amphionidacea Williamson, 1973. In: Schram, F. M. R. &amp; Von Vaupel Klein, J. C. (Eds.), Treatise on Zoology - Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology - The Crustacea, Decapoda, Vol. 9 Part A: Eucarida: Euphausiacea, Amphionidacea, and Decapoda (partim). Brill, Leiden, pp. 83 - 95." type="journal article" year="2010">Fransen 2010</bibRefCitation>
). In fact, the sexual differentiation starts in Mysis IX. Later stages may be separated into females and males based on the lengths of the flagella and the thickness of the antennular peduncle (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7BFFD03778A318268CEA40" author="Williamson" box="[768,967,295,320]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" refString="Williamson, D. I. (1973) Amphionides reynaudii (H. Milne Edwards), Representative of a Proposed New Order of Eucaridan Malacostraca. Crustaceana, 25, 35 - 50. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854073 X 00470" type="journal article" year="1973">Williamson 1973</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B373E7BFFD037ACA3172139EA40" author="Fransen" box="[980,1138,296,320]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" refString="Fransen, C. H. J. M. (2010) Order Amphionidacea Williamson, 1973. In: Schram, F. M. R. &amp; Von Vaupel Klein, J. C. (Eds.), Treatise on Zoology - Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology - The Crustacea, Decapoda, Vol. 9 Part A: Eucarida: Euphausiacea, Amphionidacea, and Decapoda (partim). Brill, Leiden, pp. 83 - 95." type="journal article" year="2010">Fransen 2010</bibRefCitation>
), but, in this study, sexual differentiations were not verified for Mysis IX, X and XI.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357654D3E7BFFD034BFA3502667E942" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E7BFFD034BFA3502667E942" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,728]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7BFFD034BFA35027D4EA88" bold="true" box="[199,671,367,392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D453E7BFFD035FEA35027DCEA88" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[390,663,367,392]" class="Malacostraca" family="Amphionididae" genus="Amphionides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphionidacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reynaudii">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7BFFD035FEA35027DCEA88" bold="true" box="[390,663,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">Amphionides reynaudii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
In this study, larvae of
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D453E7BFFD037C6A34F2100EA88" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[958,1099,368,392]" class="Malacostraca" family="Amphionididae" genus="Amphionides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphionidacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reynaudii">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7BFFD037C6A34F2100EA88" box="[958,1099,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">A. reynaudii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were found around all three island ecosystems. Also, the specimens were caught with three different gears (neuston, bongo and WP-2 nets). Their densities and frequencies were extremely low. In the neuston net, density varied from 0.1 ind.
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-3 (Epineuston FN and SPSP, Hyponeuston AR) to 33 ind.
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-³ (Hyponeuston FN). The initial larval stages were found in the neuston net (Mysis II and IV) (Table I). The only exception was one Mysis X larva found off AR. The larvae were found mainly during the night, except at SPSP.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C357654D3E7BFFD034BFA06F266CE9D8" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF236C63E7BFFD034BFA06F266CE9D8" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,728]" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">
Densities and frequencies of
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D453E7BFFD03669A06E27D0E968" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[529,667,592,616]" class="Malacostraca" family="Amphionididae" genus="Amphionides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphionidacea" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reynaudii">
<emphasis id="B939EAD43E7BFFD03669A06E27D0E968" box="[529,667,592,616]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="342">A. reynaudii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
larvae in the bongo nets around FN varied from 2.0 ind.
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-
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the 500-µm mesh to 2.4 ind.
<quantity id="4CB59B233E7BFFD0359DA0482767E98F" box="[485,556,631,655]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
-
<quantity id="4CB59B233E7BFFD0364AA04B2712E990" box="[562,601,628,656]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
the 300-µm mesh. All larval stages were found in the bongo net, and all specimens were registered during the night. In the subsurface WP-2 net hauls, only one specimen (Mysis VI,
<tableCitation id="C6CF037D3E7BFFD03126A0A425E8E9D7" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,235,261,283]" captionTargetBox="[159,1408,404,1338]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Sampling locations, geographic coordinates, gear and mesh size used to collect Cerataspis monstrosa and Amphionides reynaudii larval forms. CL: Carapace length. TL: total length. FN: Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, SPSP: St. Peter and St. Pauls Archipelago, RA: Rocas Atoll. Nearshore stations: Baia dos Golfinhos (BG). 66 to 107: Station numbers. Table 1." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF32664E3E7EFFD534EFA33A25A3EA78" pageId="7" pageNumber="342" tableUuid="DF32664E3E7EFFD534EFA33A25A3EA78">Table 1</tableCitation>
) was caught, in the nearshore area of FN, during the day.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>