191 lines
21 KiB
XML
191 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="21A7CE65D36CF70BA3E3F4F6565BC693" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2020.1871523" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5405189" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630345046236" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Sankaran, Pradeep M., Caleb, John T. D. & Sebastian, Pothalil A." docDate="2021" docId="03E487C5441D233BFEDD9208FC88FD84" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.54.43-44.2839-2857.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 54 (43 - 44)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2020.1871523" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Zelotes scrutatus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="2846" masterDocId="FFDDFFBD44152332FFA19710FFB0FF86" masterDocTitle="On the taxonomic validity of Indian ground spiders: IV. Genera Apodrassodes Vellard, 1924, Herpyllus Hentz, 1832 and Sergiolus Simon, 1892 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae)" masterLastPageNumber="2857" masterPageNumber="2839" pageNumber="2846" updateTime="1699236875150" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="A5906574624C1DBFF7CD3582BA4FBB61">On the taxonomic validity of Indian ground spiders: IV. Genera Apodrassodes Vellard, 1924, Herpyllus Hentz, 1832 and Sergiolus Simon, 1892 (Araneae: Gnaphosidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2ECF9F367C1BF1C022869BD44390A191">Sankaran, Pradeep M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6A34753D0922095C4FF0294E7A0FEC6F">Caleb, John T. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="961FCB3D679EE8143F2639C31A4605E8">Sebastian, Pothalil A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E8DB000C7145672A9DAE6BB53ACB0B18">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2DFF2CEF501DA23BCA82102D45BD1A50">
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<mods:date id="5A1CB2097C43E4D01274D7EFC59A3E0A">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0130B5B69CB55C3B211575DEDADF94CC">43 - 44</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C3576558441D233AFEDD9208FC16FAB4" box="[380,934,1304,1330]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF236D3441D233AFEDD9208FC16FAB4" blockId="8.[380,934,1304,1330]" box="[380,934,1304,1330]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">
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<heading id="D0BA81BF441D233AFEDD9208FC16FAB4" box="[380,934,1304,1330]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441D233AFEDD9208FC16FAB4" ID-CoL="5CZSC" authority="(O. Pickard-Cambridge 1872)" baseAuthorityName="O. Pickard-Cambridge" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[380,934,1304,1330]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Zelotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scrutatus">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC1441D233AFEDD9208FDFCFAB4" bold="true" box="[380,588,1304,1330]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">Zelotes scrutatus</emphasis>
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(O.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441D233AFDDC9208FC10FAB4" author="Pickard-Cambridge O" box="[637,928,1304,1330]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" pagination="212 - 354" refId="ref7695" refString="Pickard-Cambridge O. 1872. General list of the spiders of Palestine and Syria, with descriptions of numerous new species, and characters of two new genera. Proc Zool Soc Lond. 40: 212 - 354, pl. 13 - 16." type="journal article" year="1872">Pickard-Cambridge 1872</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3576558441D233AFF01925DFEA7FA76" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BF236D3441D233AFF01925DFD5EFA0E" blockId="8.[160,1156,1357,1520]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5D11FD441D233AFF01925DFD5EFA0E" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AEC10C2441D233AFF01925DFD7FFAE0" author="Pickard-Cambridge O" box="[160,719,1357,1382]" page="239" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" year="1872">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441D233AFF01925DFD7FFAE0" authority="O. Pickard-Cambridge 1872: 239" authorityName="O. Pickard-Cambridge" authorityPageNumber="239" authorityYear="1872" box="[160,719,1357,1382]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Drassus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scrutatus">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC1441D233AFF01925DFEEDFAE0" box="[160,349,1357,1382]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">Drassus scrutatus</emphasis>
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O.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441D233AFE22925DFD7FFAE0" author="Pickard-Cambridge O" box="[387,719,1357,1382]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" pagination="212 - 354" refId="ref7695" refString="Pickard-Cambridge O. 1872. General list of the spiders of Palestine and Syria, with descriptions of numerous new species, and characters of two new genera. Proc Zool Soc Lond. 40: 212 - 354, pl. 13 - 16." type="journal article" year="1872">Pickard-Cambridge 1872: 239</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, plate 15, fig. 16a (
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<specimenCount id="9D4BFD5A441D233AFC00925DFC05FAE2" box="[929,949,1357,1380]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount id="9D4BFD5A441D233AFC14925DFC79FAE2" box="[949,969,1357,1380]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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) (for a complete list of references, see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441D233AFE12927FFD51FA0E" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[435,737,1391,1416]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" refId="ref8217" refString="World Spider Catalog. 2020. World Spider Catalog. Version 21.5. Natural History Museum Bern. [accessed 2020 Jul 29]. http: // wsc. nmbe. ch" type="journal volume" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF236D3441D233AFF019282FEA7FA76" blockId="8.[160,1156,1357,1520]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5D11FD441D233AFF019282FEA7FA76" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AEC10C2441D233AFF019282FD84FA2D" author="Tikader BK" box="[160,564,1426,1451]" page="458" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" year="1982">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441D233AFF019282FD84FA2D" authority="Tikader, 1982: 458" authorityName="Tikader" authorityPageNumber="458" authorityYear="1982" box="[160,564,1426,1451]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Herpyllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC1441D233AFF019282FEE7FA2D" box="[160,343,1426,1451]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">Herpyllus bicolor</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441D233AFEC09282FD84FA2D" author="Tikader BK" box="[353,564,1426,1451]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" pagination="295 - 536" refId="ref8093" refString="Tikader BK. 1982. Family Gnaphosidae. Fauna India (Araneae). 3: 295 - 536." type="journal article" year="1982">Tikader, 1982: 458</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 368–371 (
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<specimenCount id="9D4BFD5A441D233AFD429282FD47FA2F" box="[739,759,1426,1449]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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) (erroneous transfer of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441D233AFBAA9282FE11FA48" authority="Simon, 1885" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1885" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Melicymnis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC1441D233AFBAA9282FEBAFA48" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">Melicymnis bicolor</emphasis>
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Simon, 1885
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, based on misidentified specimen, apparently not the
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<typeStatus id="54F68871441D233AFBAE92A5FBF1FA48" box="[1039,1089,1461,1486]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">type</typeStatus>
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||
of
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441D233AFBC892A5FEBAFA76" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1885" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Melicymnis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
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<emphasis id="B939EAC1441D233AFBC892A5FEBAFA76" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">M. bicolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3576558441D233BFF01910CFC88FD84" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="2847" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BF236D3441D233AFF01910CFEB6F9B0" blockId="8.[160,1156,1564,1728]" box="[160,262,1564,1590]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441D233AFF01910CFEB6F9B0" bold="true" box="[160,262,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">Remarks</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF236D3441D233BFF01912FFC88FD84" blockId="8.[160,1156,1564,1728]" lastBlockId="9.[160,1156,142,514]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="2847" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441D233AFF01912FFEF7F9DE" author="Tikader BK" box="[160,327,1599,1624]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" pagination="295 - 536" refId="ref8093" refString="Tikader BK. 1982. Family Gnaphosidae. Fauna India (Araneae). 3: 295 - 536." type="journal article" year="1982">Tikader (1982)</bibRefCitation>
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illustrated a
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441D233AFE4B912FFD01F9DE" box="[490,689,1599,1624]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Herpyllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441D233AFE4B912FFDFFF9DE" box="[490,591,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">Herpyllus</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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, ‘
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441D233AFD64912FFC32F9DE" authorityName="Tikader" authorityYear="1982" box="[709,898,1599,1624]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Herpyllus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441D233AFD64912FFC32F9DE" box="[709,898,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">Herpyllus bicolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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’, erected by transferring the
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||
<typeStatus id="54F68871441D233AFEB09172FEF4F9FD" box="[273,324,1634,1659]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441D233AFE7B9172FD48F9FD" authority="Simon, 1885" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1885" box="[474,760,1634,1659]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Melicymnis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441D233AFE7B9172FDE4F9FD" box="[474,596,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">Melicymnis</emphasis>
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||
Simon, 1885
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</taxonomicName>
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||
(currently considered as
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441D233AFB979172FF45F918" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">nomen dubium</emphasis>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441D233AFEB39195FDECF918" author="World Spider Catalog" box="[274,604,1669,1694]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" refId="ref8217" refString="World Spider Catalog. 2020. World Spider Catalog. Version 21.5. Natural History Museum Bern. [accessed 2020 Jul 29]. http: // wsc. nmbe. ch" type="journal volume" year="2020">World Spider Catalog 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) without any explanation assuming that the specimen he studied was that of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68871441D233AFDF591B7FD39F946" box="[596,649,1703,1728]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">type</typeStatus>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68871441D233AFD6891B7FD4CF946" box="[713,764,1703,1728]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441D233AFC2191B7FBB0F946" box="[896,1024,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441D233AFC2191B7FC4CF946" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1885" box="[896,1020,1703,1728]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Melicymnis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Melicymnis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441D233BFBA891B7FE20FF21" authority="Simon, 1885" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1885" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Melicymnis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="2847" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441D233BFBA891B7FF5BFF21" italics="true" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="2847" pageId="8" pageNumber="2846">Melicymnis bicolor</emphasis>
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||
Simon, 1885
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
is, in fact, a juvenile specimen and has a different somatic morphology in comparison with that of ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFD2897A1FD46FF4C" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1885" box="[649,758,177,202]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Melicymnis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFD2897A1FD46FF4C" box="[649,758,177,202]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">H. bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ (compare
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFCDE97A1FBABFF4C" author="Murphy J" box="[895,1051,177,202]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="93 - 605" refId="ref7592" refString="Murphy J. 2007. Gnaphosid genera of the world. St Neots (Cambridgeshire): British Arachnological Society; p. 1: i - xii, 1 - 92; 2: i - ii, 93 - 605." type="journal article" year="2007">Murphy 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 594 with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFF4297C4FECFFF6B" author="Tikader BK" box="[227,383,212,237]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="295 - 536" refId="ref8093" refString="Tikader BK. 1982. Family Gnaphosidae. Fauna India (Araneae). 3: 295 - 536." type="journal article" year="1982">Tikader 1982</bibRefCitation>
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||
, fig. 368), indicating that Tikader’s illustrations are based on a misidentified specimen. The illustrations clearly indicate that it is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFC6597E6FBF6FE89" authorityName="O. Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1872" box="[964,1094,246,271]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Drassus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scrutatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFC6597E6FBF6FE89" box="[964,1094,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Z. scrutatus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
as it has a narrow continuous anterior epigynal margin, epigyne with longitudinal dropletlike median depression, long highly coiled internal ducts and globular spermathecae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFF07964EFEF1FEF1" author="Tikader BK" box="[166,321,350,375]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="295 - 536" refId="ref8093" refString="Tikader BK. 1982. Family Gnaphosidae. Fauna India (Araneae). 3: 295 - 536." type="journal article" year="1982">Tikader 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figs 369–370). There is a possibility that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B22441C233BFCE7964EFC5EFEF1" author="Tikader BK" box="[838,1006,350,375]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" pagination="295 - 536" refId="ref8093" refString="Tikader BK. 1982. Family Gnaphosidae. Fauna India (Araneae). 3: 295 - 536." type="journal article" year="1982">Tikader (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
might have chosen, by misidentification, the specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFD779691FCEBFE1C" authorityName="O. Pickard-Cambridge" authorityYear="1872" box="[726,859,385,410]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Drassus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scrutatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFD779691FCEBFE1C" box="[726,859,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">Z. scrutatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
found in the same vial along with the juvenile
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68871441C233BFE6396B4FE45FE3B" box="[450,501,420,445]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFD8296B4FD24FE3B" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1885" box="[547,660,420,445]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Melicymnis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFD8296B4FD24FE3B" box="[547,660,420,445]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">M. bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
received from MNHN and described and illustrated it as ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFEFB96D6FE75FE59" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1885" box="[346,453,454,479]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Melicymnis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFEFB96D6FE75FE59" box="[346,453,454,479]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">H. bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’. Therefore, the specimen identified as ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFC3696D6FBB2FE59" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1885" box="[919,1026,454,479]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Melicymnis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFC3696D6FBB2FE59" box="[919,1026,454,479]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">H. bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ is actually misidentified and does not pertain to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D50441C233BFD6096F9FC81FD84" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1885" box="[705,817,489,514]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Melicymnis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EAC1441C233BFD6096F9FC81FD84" box="[705,817,489,514]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2847">M. bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |