516 lines
64 KiB
XML
516 lines
64 KiB
XML
<document id="9A4FAA5D9E879F57F7B1506F55D810E2" ID-CLB-Dataset="39064" ID-DOI="10.11865/zs.201618" ID-GBIF-Dataset="107fdf8a-90b8-45d4-9310-49c66d8d3b0a" ID-Zenodo-Dep="270344" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8E63C355-146B-4B7D-88F5-67AB167F9E9C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1463143928673" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Qian Zhang, Yang Ge, Yuanyuan Wu & Xia Wan" docDate="2016" docId="03E48791FFC9271BF5C0356DFEF2FC63" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoologicalSystematics.41.2.195.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Systematics 41 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:07E7829F32901B127B59E960199959BD.1:ZoolSyst.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="07E7829F32901B127B59E960199959BD" docStyleName="ZoolSyst.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Neolucanus tao Kriesche 1935" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="201" masterDocId="FFDDFFE9FFCB271DF548371DFFF5FF9C" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic notes on some species of Neolucanus Thomson (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) from China" masterLastPageNumber="206" masterPageNumber="195" pageNumber="197" updateTime="1698662507946" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5B093CD40DA46E529B1ED4FF2CE231A6">
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<mods:title id="7DBDB162662BF206C478975529EFF8BE">Taxonomic notes on some species of Neolucanus Thomson (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) from China</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="31CF3CE7D51FD1AF8850BDCB3BEF1C22" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="69B0C86D4C74A2C7B99439A21AD1F3FD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1779AEFC025DD165D04DC7757FEDC93B">Qian Zhang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F9428D177809DAD76D0C30362C44AD2F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="454F22FF4D7919034B6EB0352A7C2BB0">Yang Ge</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="68D3399DE088FF91A5B4549D1BD19491">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="55482E91F34D85AC086A88085796B65A">Yuanyuan Wu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="1158E32B69D6AA78378E1E490C50652B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BF9FBE12A22912001F4F8DDF513BB41D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="04215F8096C97BBC329A816E1865767F">Xia Wan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1BE60F91D9C2E58C66F94804C0C53973">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="99B705679D7F4617873010382A5BEC77">Zoological Systematics</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A13C3290B57C33924DDF6C18982719D7">
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<mods:date id="CBE9FB949119B1A0CE3915448DDF326B">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8270BFCC401AB618DB3DF7CB554E78C1">41</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03E48791FFC9271BF5C0356DFEF2FC63" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6055400" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6055400" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E48791FFC9271BF5C0356DFEF2FC63" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E48791FFC9271BF5C0356DFEF2FC63" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="201" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">
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<subSubSection id="C357650CFFC9271FF5C0356DFB54F88C" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BF23687FFC9271FF5C0356DFD43FD14" blockId="2.[136,882,624,713]" box="[136,694,624,649]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC9271FF5C0356DFE17FD14" ID-CoL="46LTJ" authority="Kriesche, 1935" authorityName="Kriesche" authorityYear="1935" box="[136,482,624,648]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tao">
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<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC9271FF5C0356DFE17FD14" bold="true" box="[136,482,624,648]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">
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<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC9271FF5C0356DFEC0FD14" bold="true" box="[136,309,624,648]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">Neolucanus tao</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFC9271FF474356DFE17FD14" author="Kriesche, R." box="[316,482,624,648]" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" pagination="169 - 174" part="21" refString="Kriesche, R. 1935. Uber palaarktisch-chinesische Lucaniden. Koleopterologische Rundschau, 21 (5): 169 - 174." title="Uber palaarktisch-chinesische Lucaniden" type="journal article" year="1935">Kriesche, 1935</bibRefCitation>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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(Figs 1–4, 43–45)
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF23687FFC9271FF5C0358EFD32FD34" blockId="2.[136,882,624,713]" box="[136,711,659,681]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC9271FF5C0358EFE4DFD35" ID-CoL="46LTJ" authority="Kriesche, 1935" authorityName="Kriesche" authorityYear="1935" box="[136,440,659,681]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tao">
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<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC9271FF5C0358EFEEBFD35" box="[136,286,659,681]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">Neolucanus tao</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFC9271FF46C358EFE4DFD35" author="Kriesche, R." box="[292,440,659,681]" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" pagination="169 - 174" part="21" refString="Kriesche, R. 1935. Uber palaarktisch-chinesische Lucaniden. Koleopterologische Rundschau, 21 (5): 169 - 174." title="Uber palaarktisch-chinesische Lucaniden" type="journal article" year="1935">Kriesche, 1935</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC9271FF489358EFD98FD34" box="[449,621,659,680]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">Koleop. Rundsch.</emphasis>
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, 21: 170.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF23687FFC9271FF5C035AEFC87FD55" blockId="2.[136,882,624,713]" box="[136,882,691,713]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC9271FF5C035AEFE46FD55" authority="Benesh, 1960" authorityName="Benesh" authorityYear="1960" box="[136,435,691,713]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taos">
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<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC9271FF5C035AEFED2FD55" box="[136,295,691,713]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">Neolucanus taos</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFC9271FF46635AEFE46FD55" author="Benesh, B." bookContentInfo="178 pp." box="[302,435,691,713]" editor="Hincks, W. D." journalOrPublisher="W. Junk. Gravenhage, Netherlands" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" refString="Benesh, B. 1960. Lucanidea. In: Hincks, W. D. (ed.). Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa. Pars 8. W. Junk. Gravenhage, Netherlands. 178 pp." title="Lucanidea" type="book" volumeTitle="Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa. Pars 8" year="1960">Benesh, 1960</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC9271FF4F435AEFDC2FD54" box="[444,567,691,712]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">Coleop. Cat.</emphasis>
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, 8 (Suppl.): 125 (lapsus calami).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF23687FFC9271FF5F535F5FB54F88C" blockId="2.[136,1452,744,2085]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">
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Length (including mandible) 36.0–40.0 mm. Width 13.0–15.0 mm. Surface. Dark except for partly reddish brown elytra (Figs 1–4). Main surface smooth, small punctures presented on mandibles and the surrounding of eyes; legs with large and dense punctures. Head. Almost rectangular, gloomy, about 2.6 times wider than long. Anterior margin concaved at middle, frontal region shallowly depressed with a large triangular depression. Vertex slightly raised. Male mandibles. Curved at middle, about 1.4 times the length of head in large male. The apex sharp, slightly curved inwards. A large, upwardly erected sub-apical tooth presented on the upper margin. Other 6–7 small sharp teeth serrated along the lower margin from the base to the apex. Female mandibles. Much shorter than the length of head, covering with punctures; the apex sharp and curved inwards; the sub-apical tooth absent on the upper margin, 2–3 small blunt teeth presented at the middle of the lower margin. Eyes. Large, little produced, completely divided into the upper and lower part by canthi. Canthi laminated and expanded, almost equilaterally triangular with a rounded apex angle in male; those of female almost semicircular. Post-ocular margins slightly swollen and short, about as long as the half of the head length. Mentum. Almost semicircular, the anterior angles rounded, covering with long yellow brown hairs. Labrum. Small, triangular in male and almost semicircular in female. Antennae. Club 3-segmented, terminal segment totally pubescent, other 2 segments partially pubescent. Scape slightly curved, pedicel approximately symmetrical. The 3rd, 4th, 5th segment almost equal, the 7th segment with 3–4 apical setae. Pronotum. Transverse, about 1.8 times wider than long; about 2.1 times the length of head. Disc gently convex. Anterior margin sinuated, sharply projected at middle. Front angles relatively blunt. Lateral margins slightly divergent on 3/4 anteriorly, then strongly convergent on 1/4 posteriorly and meet the posterior margins.
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<collectingCountry id="F35A7617FFC9271FF03E320EFA5EFAB7" box="[1398,1451,1299,1323]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">Hind</collectingCountry>
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angles sharp. Scutellum. Wider than long, blunt heart-shape, scattered with small punctures. Elytra. More shiny than head and pronotum; quite convex, about 1.4 times longer than wide, about as wide as that of pronotum at the widest. Mainly reddish brown except for the basal part around the shoulders, elytral suture and outer margins dark. Wings. Fully developed. Legs. Front tibiae very stout, narrow at base, strongly expanded and forked at apex, with 3–5 small teeth laterally; spurs sub-cylindrical and curved, short in male. Middle and hind tibiae moderately stout, the apex not expanded strongly, lateral tooth absent except for spines at apex. Aedeagus (
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<figureCitation id="13762A02FFC9271FF61432FEFC2EFA67" box="[860,987,1507,1531]" captionStart="Figures 43 – 45" captionStartId="10.[156,228,933,955]" captionTargetBox="[240,1367,263,883]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[189,1399,249,891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 43 – 45. Neolucanus tao, types. 43 – 44. Aedeagus. 45. Female genitalia. 43, 45. Ventral view. 44. Lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270345/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">Figs 43–44</figureCitation>
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). BP moderately stout, about 1.4 times the length of PA; the 3/4 proximal part closed to PA broad, the distal 1/4 part narrow and sharp. PA relatively long with almost straight outer margins; the apex bluntly rounded from the dorsal view, but sharp from the lateral view. ML distinctly asymmetric; the left lobe slightly longer than the right one. PES quite stout, about 2.2 times the total length of BP+PA; main outer surface of PES smooth and membranous, covering with short dense dark brown hairs from the middle to the apical part. Female genitalia (
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<figureCitation id="13762A02FFC9271FF742318DFDAFF934" box="[522,602,1680,1704]" captionStart="Figures 43 – 45" captionStartId="10.[156,228,933,955]" captionTargetBox="[240,1367,263,883]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[189,1399,249,891]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figures 43 – 45. Neolucanus tao, types. 43 – 44. Aedeagus. 45. Female genitalia. 43, 45. Ventral view. 44. Lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270345/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
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). HS strongly sclerotized, the anteriorly 4/5 part plate-liked, almost rectangular with rounded distal margin; the posteriorly 1/5 part stoutly stick-liked, thin and slightly oblique. AG pale, slender. MO brown, short and stout. BC long, stout, tubiform and longitudinally folded. SD dark brown, joining in BC and distinctly expanded. S situated at the apex of SD, bulb-shaped symmetrically with rounded apex. SG absent.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C357650CFFC92719F5F53006FB53FD86" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="199" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF23687FFC9271FF5F53006FACAF8E4" blockId="2.[136,1452,744,2085]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">
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||
<typeStatus id="54F68825FFC9271FF5F53006FF01F8AF" box="[189,244,1819,1843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">Type</typeStatus>
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material examined.
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<typeStatus id="54F68825FFC9271FF49C3007FDC2F8AE" box="[468,567,1818,1842]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC9271FF7173007FCFDF8AE" box="[607,776,1818,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tao">
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<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC9271FF7173007FCFDF8AE" box="[607,776,1818,1842]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">Neolucanus tao</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, ♂ (Figs 1–2), in
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<collectionCode id="ED5CAE42FFC9271FF6993006FBEBF8AF" box="[977,1054,1819,1843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">SMTD</collectionCode>
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, labelled:
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<typeStatus id="54F68825FFC9271FF1C73006FB48F8AF" box="[1167,1213,1819,1843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">type</typeStatus>
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1 (red lable) /
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<collectingCountry id="F35A7617FFC9271FF02D3007FA5DF8AE" box="[1381,1448,1818,1842]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">China</collectingCountry>
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, Province Kwangsi, Mt. Toyenchan /
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC9271FF7513020FD34F8C9" box="[537,705,1853,1877]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tao">
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<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC9271FF7513020FD34F8C9" box="[537,705,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">Neolucanus tao</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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K.
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<typeStatus id="54F68825FFC9271FF7A53020FCD2F8C9" box="[749,807,1853,1877]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">Type</typeStatus>
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! (handwritten) / 1961 / Sammlung Kriesche Ankauf 1974 / Staatl. Museum für Tierkunde, Dresden.
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<typeStatus id="54F68825FFC9271FF774307DFD6CF8E4" box="[572,665,1888,1912]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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||
of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC9271FF7F5307DFD0BF8EB" box="[701,766,1888,1911]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tao">
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||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC9271FF7F5307DFD0BF8EB" box="[701,766,1888,1911]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">N. tao</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, ♀ (Fig. 4), in
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<collectionCode id="ED5CAE42FFC9271FF6D6307DFC1EF8E4" box="[926,1003,1888,1912]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">SMTD</collectionCode>
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||
, same locality data as
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<typeStatus id="54F68825FFC9271FF192307DFACEF8E4" box="[1242,1339,1888,1912]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF23687FFC9271FF5F5309FFA9CF87C" blockId="2.[136,1452,744,2085]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">
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||
Additional material examined. Specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC9271FF7EE309EFD1CF806" box="[678,745,1923,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tao">
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<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC9271FF7EE309EFD1CF806" box="[678,745,1923,1946]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">N. tao</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC9271FF7B0309FFCA2F806" box="[760,855,1922,1946]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="202" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guangxi">Guangxi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D4BFD0EFFC9271FF62B309EFC71F806" box="[867,900,1923,1947]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" type="generic">2♂</specimenCount>
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||
2♀, Jinxiu, Mt. Dayao,
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<date id="FFF31047FFC9271FF1CE309EFAE1F807" box="[1158,1300,1922,1947]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" value="2011-07-20">20 July 2011</date>
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, leg. Yinghua Wu (
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<collectionCode id="ED5CAE42FFC9271FF5F730B8FEE2F821" box="[191,279,1957,1981]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">MAHU</collectionCode>
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||
). Specimens of the sympatric species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC9271FF79E30BBFCB8F821" box="[726,845,1958,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guangxi">
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<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC9271FF79E30BBFCB8F821" box="[726,845,1958,1981]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">N. guangxi</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC9271FF61530B8FC49F821" box="[861,956,1957,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="202" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guangxi">Guangxi</taxonomicName>
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, Jinxiu,
|
||
<date id="FFF31047FFC9271FF15130B8FB1AF821" box="[1049,1263,1957,1981]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" value="1981-09-22">22 September 1981</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4BFD0EFFC9271FF1B430B8FAE8F820" box="[1276,1309,1957,1981]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
1♀, collector unknown;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4BFD0EFFC9271FF5B230D5FEEEF843" box="[250,283,1992,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, only with the lable ‘Guangxi’ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE42FFC9271FF73A30D5FD30F87C" box="[626,709,1992,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">NZMC</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4BFD0EFFC9271FF79F30D5FD0DF843" box="[727,760,1992,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" type="generic">4♂</specimenCount>
|
||
1♀, Mt. Dayao,
|
||
<date id="FFF31047FFC9271FF6EE30D5FBC6F87C" box="[934,1075,1992,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" value="2013-07-26">26 July 2013</date>
|
||
, leg. Baosheng Su (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE42FFC9271FF04E30D5FAABF87C" box="[1286,1374,1992,2016]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">MAHU</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF23687FFC9271FF5F530F7FDF2F79E" blockId="2.[136,1452,744,2085]" box="[189,519,2026,2050]" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">
|
||
Distribution.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7617FFC9271FF40430F7FE79F79E" box="[332,396,2026,2050]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC9271FF4D230F7FE09F79E" box="[410,508,2026,2050]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="202" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guangxi">Guangxi</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF23687FFC9271EF5F53F10FA6DF869" blockId="2.[136,1452,744,2085]" lastBlockId="3.[155,1433,1952,2038]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="198" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">
|
||
Remarks.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC9271FF4653F13FE87F7B9" box="[301,370,2062,2085]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tao">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC9271FF4653F13FE87F7B9" box="[301,370,2062,2085]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">N. tao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was a poorly known species after published. It is similar to the sympatric species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC9271FF07B3F13FA5EF7B9" box="[1331,1451,2062,2085]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guangxi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC9271FF07B3F13FA5EF7B9" box="[1331,1451,2062,2085]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="197">N. guangxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Figures 1–12.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC8271EF46030BDFE6CF829" box="[296,409,1952,1973]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC8271EF46030BDFE6CF829" box="[296,409,1952,1973]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="198">Neolucanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp., dorsal view except Fig. 2 (ventral view). 1–4.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC8271EF6D030BCFC21F82A" box="[920,980,1953,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tao">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC8271EF6D030BCFC21F82A" box="[920,980,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="198">N. tao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 5–8.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC8271EF15A30BCFB76F82A" box="[1042,1155,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="198">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC8271EF15A30BCFB8AF82A" box="[1042,1151,1953,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guangxi">N. guangxi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
9–12.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC8271EF18E30BCFAC5F82A" box="[1222,1328,1953,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC8271EF18E30BCFAC5F82A" box="[1222,1328,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="198">N. imitator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 1–3, 5–7, 9–10. Male; 1, 5–6, 9. large; 3. small; 7, 10. medium-sized. 4, 8, 12. Female. 1–2, 5, 11.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68825FFC8271EF14C30DDFB95F84A" box="[1028,1120,1984,2006]" pageId="3" pageNumber="198" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. 4, 10.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68825FFC8271EF1E130DDFAF5F849" box="[1193,1280,1984,2005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="198" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
. 5. Figure from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFC8271EF5D330FDFEDEF86A" author="Schenk, K. D." box="[155,299,2016,2038]" journalOrPublisher="Beetles World" pageId="3" pageNumber="198" pagination="1 - 16" part="4" refString="Schenk, K. D. 2009. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Hirschkafer Asiens und Beschreibung mehrerer neuer Arten (II). Beetles World, 4: 1 - 16." title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Hirschkafer Asiens und Beschreibung mehrerer neuer Arten (II)" type="journal article" year="2009">Schenk (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. 10. Figure of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC8271EF4FF30FDFD4FF869" box="[439,698,2016,2037]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="swinhoei" subSpecies="hengshanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC8271EF4FF30FDFD4FF869" box="[439,698,2016,2037]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="198">N. swinhoei hengshanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, confirmed synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFC8271EF6EF30FDFBE5F869" box="[935,1040,2016,2037]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="198" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFC8271EF6EF30FDFBE5F869" box="[935,1040,2016,2037]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="198">N. imitator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFC8271EF11930FDFB27F86A" author="Fujita, H." box="[1105,1234,2016,2038]" journalOrPublisher="Mushi-sha's Iconographic Series of Insects" pageId="3" pageNumber="198" pagination="1 - 488" part="6" refString="Fujita, H. 2010. The lucanid beetles of the world. Mushi-sha's Iconographic Series of Insects, 6: 1 - 488, pls 1 - 248." title="The lucanid beetles of the world" type="journal article" year="2010">Fujita (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Scale bars =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B62FFC8271EF01930FDFA61F869" box="[1361,1428,2016,2037]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="198" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF23687FFCF2719F5C037F1FB53FD86" blockId="4.[136,1452,236,538]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">
|
||
(Figs 5–8, 25–29) which published by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFCF2719F76537F1FD3FFE99" author="Schenk, K. D." box="[557,714,236,261]" journalOrPublisher="Beetles World" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" pagination="1 - 16" part="4" refString="Schenk, K. D. 2009. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Hirschkafer Asiens und Beschreibung mehrerer neuer Arten (II). Beetles World, 4: 1 - 16." title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Hirschkafer Asiens und Beschreibung mehrerer neuer Arten (II)" type="journal article" year="2009">Schenk (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
due to their reddish-brown color and short mandibles in males. But they can differ on the characters of body shape, head, pronotum and aedeagus. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCF2719F149360DFBB1FEBB" box="[1025,1092,272,295]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tao">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F149360DFBB1FEBB" box="[1025,1092,272,295]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">N. tao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figs 1–4): body slender; frontal region with a large shallow depression about taking up the 1/2 part of the frontal region; post-ocular margin short, about as long as the half length of the head, slightly swollen; canthus broadly triangular with a little rounded angle laterally; pronotum longer than the head with even disc; PA of aedeagus long, about 1.4 times BP, PES about 2.2 times the total length of BP+PA. While in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCF2719F4FD3687FDDEFE2D" box="[437,555,410,433]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guangxi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F4FD3687FDDEFE2D" box="[437,555,410,433]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">N. guangxi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, body convex; frontal region with a small deep depression about taking up the 1/3 part of the frontal region; post-ocular margin long, about as long as the 2/3 length of the head, strongly swollen; canthus broadly triangular with sharp angle laterally; pronotum shorter than or about as long as the head with convex disc; PA of aedeagus short, almost as long as the length of BP; PES about 2.6 times the total length of BP+PA.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357650CFFCF2719F5C03550FD0CF8CE" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF23687FFCF2719F5C03550FD0FFDFA" blockId="4.[136,1182,589,710]" box="[136,762,589,614]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCF2719F5C03550FDEDFDFA" ID-CoL="46LRS" authority="Kriesche, 1935" authorityName="Kriesche" authorityYear="1935" box="[136,536,589,614]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F5C03550FDEDFDFA" bold="true" box="[136,536,589,614]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F5C03550FE9FFDFA" bold="true" box="[136,362,589,614]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">Neolucanus imitator</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFCF2719F4393553FDEDFDFA" author="Kriesche, R." box="[369,536,590,614]" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" pagination="169 - 174" part="21" refString="Kriesche, R. 1935. Uber palaarktisch-chinesische Lucaniden. Koleopterologische Rundschau, 21 (5): 169 - 174." title="Uber palaarktisch-chinesische Lucaniden" type="journal article" year="1935">Kriesche, 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figs 9–12, 30–33)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF23687FFCF2719F5C0356DFD03FD19" blockId="4.[136,1182,589,710]" box="[136,758,624,646]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCF2719F5C0356DFE12FD1A" ID-CoL="46LRS" authority="Kriesche, 1935" authorityName="Kriesche" authorityYear="1935" box="[136,487,624,646]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F5C0356DFEB9FD1A" box="[136,332,624,646]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">Neolucanus imitator</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFCF2719F41B356DFE12FD1A" author="Kriesche, R." box="[339,487,624,646]" journalOrPublisher="Koleopterologische Rundschau" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" pagination="169 - 174" part="21" refString="Kriesche, R. 1935. Uber palaarktisch-chinesische Lucaniden. Koleopterologische Rundschau, 21 (5): 169 - 174." title="Uber palaarktisch-chinesische Lucaniden" type="journal article" year="1935">Kriesche, 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F4B8356DFD6EFD19" box="[496,667,624,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">Koleop. Rundsch.</emphasis>
|
||
, 21: 170.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF23687FFCF2719F5C0358DFB6BFD5A" blockId="4.[136,1182,589,710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F5C0358DFF0FFD39" box="[136,250,656,677]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">Neolucnaus</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCF2719F448358DFD2FFD39" ID-CoL="7HJGK" authority="Ichikawa & Fujita, 1987" authorityName="Ichikawa & Fujita" authorityYear="1987" box="[256,730,656,678]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="swinhoei" subSpecies="hengshanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F448358DFE12FD39" box="[256,487,656,677]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">swinhoei hengshanensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFCF2719F4A5358DFD2FFD39" author="Ichikawa, T. & Fujita, H." box="[493,730,656,678]" journalOrPublisher="Gekkan Mushi" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" pagination="12 - 13" part="197" refString="Ichikawa, T., Fujita, H. 1987. Two new subspecies of Neolucanus swinhoei Bates from South-West China and Thailand (Coleoptera, Lucanidae). Gekkan Mushi, 197: 12 - 13." title="Two new subspecies of Neolucanus swinhoei Bates from South-West China and Thailand (Coleoptera, Lucanidae)" type="journal article" year="1987">Ichikawa & Fujita, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F7AC358DFC9AFD39" box="[740,879,656,677]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">Gekkan Mushi</emphasis>
|
||
, 197: 12.
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F5C035ADFF0CFD59" box="[136,249,688,709]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">Neolucnaus</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCF2719F44835ADFD2BFD59" ID-CoL="7HJGK" authority="Mizunuma & Nagai, 1994" authorityName="Mizunuma & Nagai" authorityYear="1994" box="[256,734,688,710]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="nitidus" subSpecies="hengshanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F44835ADFE26FD59" box="[256,467,688,709]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">nitidus hengshanensis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFCF2719F49735ADFD2BFD59" author="Mizunuma, T. & Nagai, S." bookContentInfo="339 pp." box="[479,734,688,710]" journalOrPublisher="Mushi-sha Iconographic Series of Insects, 1" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" refString="Mizunuma, T., Nagai, S. 1994. The Lucanid Beetles of the World. Mushi-sha Iconographic Series of Insects, 1: 339 pp., 115 figs., 156 pls." title="The Lucanid Beetles of the World" type="book" year="1994">Mizunuma & Nagai, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F7AF35ADFBDFFD59" box="[743,1066,688,709]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">The Lucanid Beetles of the World</emphasis>
|
||
: 218, pl.19.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF23687FFCF2719F5F535F8FD0CF8CE" blockId="4.[136,1452,741,2083]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">
|
||
Length 30.0–38.0 mm (including mandibles). Width 12.0–15.0 mm. Surface. Whole dark except for partly yellow to reddish brown elytra (Figs 9–12). Main surface smooth, small punctures presented on mandibles and the surrounding of eyes; legs with large and dense punctures. Head. Almost rectangular, 1.8–2.4 times wider than long. Anterior margin at middle concaved, frontal region with f a large, deep, triangularly depression in male, that of female much smaller and quite shallow. Vertex slightly raised. Male mandibles. Relatively straight and thick, about as long as the length of head in large and medium-sized male, but shorter than that of head in small male. The apex sharp and slightly curved inwards. A large, upwardly erected sub-apical tooth presented on the upper mandibular margin (or dismissed into an obsolete tooth rudiment in small male). Other 4–7 small blunt teeth serrated along the lower mandibular margin from the base to the apex. Female mandibles. Almost triangular, shorter than that of head, covering with punctures; the apex sharp, slightly curved inwards; sub-apical tooth absent on the upper margin; 2–3 blunt teeth serrated along the lower mandibular margin. Eyes. Completely divided into the upper and lower part by canthi. Canthi laminated and expanded, roughly equilaterally triangular with a blunt apex angle in male; that of female broad, almost semicircular. Post-ocular margins short, about as long as the 1/3 length of head, slightly swollen. Mentum. Rectangular, with rounded anterior angles; surface almost flatten, covering with long yellow brown hairs in male. In female, no hairs presented except for the distal margin, but with a pair of ridges extended from the anterior angles to the middle of mentum. Labrum. Small and triangular in male; rectangular in female, the distal margin with a small projection at middle. Antennae. Slightly sexually dimorphic, longer and stronger in male. Club 3-segmented, terminal segment totally pubescent, other 2 segments partially pubescent; scape slightly curved; pedicel almost symmetrical; the 3rd, 4th, 5th segment almost equal, the 7th segment with 3–5 apical setae. Pronotum. Transverse, slightly shiny, about 2.0 times wider than long; 1.8–2.5 times the length of head. Disc distinctly convex. Anterior margin sinuate, sharply projected at middle. Front angles relatively blunt. Lateral margins strongly divergent on 3/4 anteriorly, then strongly convergent on 1/4 posteriorly and meet the posterior margins, often concaved at the intersection of lateral margins.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7617FFCF2719F4AE32A0FDEEFA49" box="[486,539,1469,1493]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
angles sharp. Scutellum. Blunt heart-shape, with several small punctures. Elytra. More shiny than head and pronotum, distinctly convex; about 1.3 times longer than wide, almost as wide as that of pronotum at the widest. Mainly yellow to reddish brown except for the bases of shoulders, elytral suture and outer margins dark. Wings. Fully developed. Legs. Long and stout. Front tibiae narrow at base, strongly expanded and forked at apex, with 4–5 small teeth laterally; spurs sub-cylindrical and curved, short in male, relatively longer in female. Middle and hind tibiae highly similar to that of front tibiae, but no lateral tooth presented except for spines at apex. Aedeagus (Figs 30–33). BP slender, about 1.5 times the length of PA; the 2/3 proximal part closed to PA broad and the 1/3 distal part blunt. PA relatively long with almost straight outer margins; the apex bluntly rounded from the dorsal and ventral view, but slightly sharp from the lateral view. ML distinctly asymmetric, slender; the left lobe slightly longer than the right one. PES (Fig. 33) quite stout, about 2.6 times the total length of BP+PA; main outer surface of PES smooth and membranous, covering with short dense dark brown hairs from the middle to the apical part. Female genitalia is unknown because abdomen of this only one examined female specimen was worm-eaten.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C357650CFFCF271BF5F53040FEF2FC63" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="201" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF23687FFCF2719F5F53040FC93F7BF" blockId="4.[136,1452,741,2083]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68825FFCF2719F5F53040FF07F8E9" box="[189,242,1885,1909]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material examined.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68825FFCF2719F4873040FDC7F8E9" box="[463,562,1885,1909]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCF2719F7103043FD3BF8E9" box="[600,718,1886,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F7103043FD3BF8E9" box="[600,718,1886,1909]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">N. imitator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ♂ (Figs 7–8), in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE42FFCF2719F6DA3040FC2AF8E9" box="[914,991,1885,1909]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">SMTD</collectionCode>
|
||
, labelled:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7617FFCF2719F1073040FB64F8E9" box="[1103,1169,1885,1909]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Hunan Province Sinning. /3356 / typ (red label) /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCF2719F4C6309DFD9FF80B" box="[398,618,1920,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F4C6309DFD9FF80B" box="[398,618,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">Neolucanus imitator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
n.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68825FFCF2719F7C6309DFD3CF804" box="[654,713,1920,1944]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
! (handwritten) / Sammlung Kriesche Ankauf, 1974/ Staatl. Museum für Tierkunde. Dresden.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68825FFCF2719F4D930BEFE06F827" box="[401,499,1955,1979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of the allied species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCF2719F7A830BEFB9DF827" authority="Bates, 1866: 2" authorityName="Bates" authorityPageNumber="2" authorityYear="1866" box="[736,1128,1954,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="swinhoei" subSpecies="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F7A830BEFC30F826" box="[736,965,1954,1978]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">N. swinhoei swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFCF2719F68530BEFBA5F826" author="Bates, H." box="[973,1104,1954,1978]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1866" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" pagination="346 - 348" refString="Bates, H. 1866. On a collection of Coleoptera from Formosa sent home by R. Swinhoe, Esq., H. B. M. Consul, Formosa. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1866: 346 - 348." title="On a collection of Coleoptera from Formosa sent home by R. Swinhoe, Esq., H. B. M. Consul, Formosa" type="proceedings paper" year="1866">Bates, 1866</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4BFD0EFFCF2719F11330BEFB9DF827" box="[1115,1128,1955,1979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" type="generic">2</specimenCount>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂1
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F1C230BCFB6BF827" box="[1162,1182,1953,1979]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">♀</emphasis>
|
||
, in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE42FFCF2719F18130BEFAE9F826" box="[1225,1308,1955,1978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4BFD0EFFCF2719F06F30BEFABCF826" box="[1319,1353,1955,1979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, labeled:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68825FFCF2719F5C030D8FF43F841" box="[136,182,1989,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">type</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCF2719F58430D8FE44F841" box="[204,433,1989,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F58430D8FE44F841" box="[204,433,1989,2013]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">Neolucanus swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ♂, Bates. Proc. Z. Soc. Fromosa (handwritten)
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F6F330D8FC37F840" box="[955,962,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">/</emphasis>
|
||
85
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F6AD30D8FC19F840" box="[997,1004,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">/</emphasis>
|
||
28
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F15D30D8FBE9F840" box="[1045,1052,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">/</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE42FFCF2719F16C30D8FB81F840" box="[1060,1140,1989,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
(E) # 600520;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4BFD0EFFCF2719F05130D8FACFF840" box="[1305,1338,1989,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, labeled: / Fig. I /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCF2719F59530F5FEA8F79C" box="[221,349,2024,2048]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F59530F5FEA8F79C" box="[221,349,2024,2048]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">N. swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ♂, Fromosa /
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE42FFCF2719F74E30F4FDA3F79C" box="[518,598,2025,2048]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
(E) # 600521; 1
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F64530FBFCD4F79C" box="[781,801,2022,2048]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">♀</emphasis>
|
||
, labeled:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68825FFCF2719F6C530F5FC11F79C" box="[909,996,2024,2048]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
/ Fig. I /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCF2719F11A30F5FAC2F79C" box="[1106,1335,2024,2048]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F11A30F5FAC2F79C" box="[1106,1335,2024,2048]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">Neolucanus swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F00E30FBFAAFF79C" box="[1350,1370,2022,2048]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">♀</emphasis>
|
||
, Bates. Proc. Z. Soc. Fromosa (handwritten)
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F75D3F16FDE9F7BE" box="[533,540,2059,2082]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">/</emphasis>
|
||
85
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F7763F16FDB0F7BE" box="[574,581,2059,2082]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">/</emphasis>
|
||
28
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCF2719F7253F16FD81F7BE" box="[621,628,2059,2082]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">/</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE42FFCF2719F7333F16FD3EF7BE" box="[635,715,2059,2082]" pageId="4" pageNumber="199">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
(E) # 600522.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF23687FFCE2718F5D430B6FB26F79D" blockId="5.[156,1434,1963,2049]" pageId="5" pageNumber="200">
|
||
Figures 13–24.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCE2718F47E30B6FE52F85C" box="[310,423,1963,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCE2718F47E30B6FE52F85C" box="[310,423,1963,1984]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="200">Neolucanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. 13–18.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCE2718F76230B1FD7CF85C" box="[554,649,1963,1985]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCE2718F76230B1FD7CF85C" box="[554,649,1963,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="200">N. nitidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 19–24.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCE2718F7A930B1FC9AF85C" box="[737,879,1963,1985]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallenscens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCE2718F7A930B1FC9AF85C" box="[737,879,1963,1985]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="200">N. pallenscens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 13, 15–17, 19, 21, 23. Dorsal view. 14, 18, 20, 22, 24. Ventral view. 13–15, 17–24. Male; 13–14, 21–24. large; 15, 17–20. medium-sized. 16. Female. 17–18.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68825FFCE2718F1C930D6FB28F87D" box="[1153,1245,1995,2017]" pageId="5" pageNumber="200" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. 19. False
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68825FFCE2718F00D30D6FA6CF87D" box="[1349,1433,1995,2017]" pageId="5" pageNumber="200" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCE2718F5FE30F1FEBCF79C" box="[182,329,2027,2049]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="200">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCE2718F5FE30F1FEB0F79C" box="[182,325,2027,2049]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pallenscens">N. pallenscens</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
13–16. From Zhejiang, Mt. Tianmu. 21–23. From Guangdong,Mt. Loufu. Scale bars =
|
||
<quantity id="4CB59B62FFCE2718F1C430F6FB3AF79D" box="[1164,1231,2027,2049]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="200" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF23687FFCD271BF5F537F1FD72FEBB" blockId="6.[136,1458,236,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">
|
||
Additional material examined. Diagnosed specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF65E37F0FBC2FE98" box="[790,1079,236,260]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="swinhoei" subSpecies="hengshanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF65E37F0FBC2FE98" box="[790,1079,236,260]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. swinhoei hengshanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Hunan, Mt. Heng,
|
||
<date id="FFF31047FFCD271BF04537F0FA5BFE98" box="[1293,1454,236,261]" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" value="1985-08-09">9 August 1985</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4BFD0EFFCD271BF5C03612FF5FFEBA" box="[136,170,271,295]" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
1♀, leg. Yalin Zhang, Yong Cai. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE42FFCD271BF75D3612FD89FEBB" box="[533,636,271,295]" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">MNAFU</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF23687FFCD271BF5F5362FFE06FED6" blockId="6.[136,1458,236,1023]" box="[189,499,306,330]" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">
|
||
Distribution:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35A7617FFCD271BF405362FFE78FED6" box="[333,397,306,330]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Hunan).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF23687FFCD271BF5F53649FB52FCB3" blockId="6.[136,1458,236,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">
|
||
Remarks. This species has been little known since published in 1935. A small male was described (Fig. 11) by Kriesche from Hunan Province, which is little similar to the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF6C83665FC34FE13" box="[896,961,376,399]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tao">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF6C83665FC34FE13" box="[896,961,376,399]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. tao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in their body color (dark except for the partly yellow brown elytra). But its body is stout with short and slender mandibles; head with deep depression on the frontal region, post-ocular margin slight swollen, canthus broad triangular with bluntly apex angle laterally. Most of characters of this species are also very similar to the subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF79036FDFC0BFE6B" box="[728,1022,479,503]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="swinhoei" subSpecies="hengshanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF79036FDFC0BFE6B" box="[728,1022,479,503]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. swinhoei hengshanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which published by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFCD271BF1AD36C2FF25FD86" author="Ichikawa, T. & Fujita, H." journalOrPublisher="Gekkan Mushi" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" pagination="12 - 13" part="197" refString="Ichikawa, T., Fujita, H. 1987. Two new subspecies of Neolucanus swinhoei Bates from South-West China and Thailand (Coleoptera, Lucanidae). Gekkan Mushi, 197: 12 - 13." title="Two new subspecies of Neolucanus swinhoei Bates from South-West China and Thailand (Coleoptera, Lucanidae)" type="journal article" year="1987">Ichikawa & Fujita (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from Hunan province. The authors possibly did not know the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF6BB351FFB9FFD85" box="[1011,1130,514,537]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF6BB351FFB9FFD85" box="[1011,1130,514,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. imitator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and not mentioned it in their paper.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFCD271BF59B3539FE0BFDA0" author="Mizunuma, T. & Nagai, S." bookContentInfo="339 pp." box="[211,510,548,572]" journalOrPublisher="Mushi-sha Iconographic Series of Insects, 1" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" refString="Mizunuma, T., Nagai, S. 1994. The Lucanid Beetles of the World. Mushi-sha Iconographic Series of Insects, 1: 339 pp., 115 figs., 156 pls." title="The Lucanid Beetles of the World" type="book" year="1994">Mizunuma & Nagai (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
transferred the subspecies as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF6003538FBA3FDA0" box="[840,1110,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="nitidus" subSpecies="hengshanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF6003538FBA3FDA0" box="[840,1110,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. nitidus hengshanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
without full discussions of the status change.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFCD271BF46F355AFE31FDC3" author="Schenk, K. D." box="[295,452,583,607]" journalOrPublisher="Beetles World" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" pagination="1 - 15" part="6" refString="Schenk, K. D. 2012. Notes to the Lucanidae of Asia and description of new taxa of the genus Neolucanus. Beetles World, 6: 1 - 15." title="Notes to the Lucanidae of Asia and description of new taxa of the genus Neolucanus" type="journal article" year="2012">Schenk (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
initially proposed the name of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF6503555FBD0FDC3" box="[792,1061,583,607]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="nitidus" subSpecies="hengshanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF6503555FBD0FDC3" box="[792,1061,583,607]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. nitidus hengshanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFCD271BF139355AFA73FDC3" author="Mizunuma, T. & Nagai, S." bookContentInfo="339 pp." box="[1137,1414,583,607]" journalOrPublisher="Mushi-sha Iconographic Series of Insects, 1" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" refString="Mizunuma, T., Nagai, S. 1994. The Lucanid Beetles of the World. Mushi-sha Iconographic Series of Insects, 1: 339 pp., 115 figs., 156 pls." title="The Lucanid Beetles of the World" type="book" year="1994">Mizunuma &Nagai, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF4363577FE0CFD1D" box="[382,505,618,641]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF4363577FE0CFD1D" box="[382,505,618,641]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. imitator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. During this study, we have examined the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68825FFCD271BF6B83577FBB8FD1E" box="[1008,1101,618,642]" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF1353577FB0DFD1D" box="[1149,1272,618,641]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF1353577FB0DFD1D" box="[1149,1272,618,641]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. imitator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, two diagnosed specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF4543590FDC8FD38" box="[284,573,652,676]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="swinhoei" subSpecies="hengshanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF4543590FDC8FD38" box="[284,573,652,676]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. swinhoei hengshanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the same locality as that of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68825FFCD271BF6EF3590FC20FD39" box="[935,981,653,677]" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">type</typeStatus>
|
||
materials (Mt. Heng, Hunan Province, Figs 9, 12),
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68825FFCD271BF59135B2FEC0FD5B" box="[217,309,687,711]" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
photo of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF4EC35ADFD49FD5B" box="[420,700,687,711]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="swinhoei" subSpecies="henshanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF4EC35ADFD49FD5B" box="[420,700,687,711]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. swinhoei henshanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 10) from the illustration of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFCD271BF17935B2FB36FD5B" author="Fujita, H." box="[1073,1219,687,711]" journalOrPublisher="Mushi-sha's Iconographic Series of Insects" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" pagination="1 - 488" part="6" refString="Fujita, H. 2010. The lucanid beetles of the world. Mushi-sha's Iconographic Series of Insects, 6: 1 - 488, pls 1 - 248." title="The lucanid beetles of the world" type="journal article" year="2010">Fujita (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F68825FFCD271BF19835B2FB0BFD5B" box="[1232,1278,687,711]" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">type</typeStatus>
|
||
materials of its allied species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF40C35CFFD87FD75" authority="Bates" authorityName="Bates" box="[324,626,721,745]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="swinhoei" subSpecies="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF40C35CFFDDBFD75" box="[324,558,721,745]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. swinhoei swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
Bates
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE42FFCD271BF7EB35CFFD00FD76" box="[675,757,722,746]" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF67E35CFFC54FD75" box="[822,929,721,745]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF67E35CFFC54FD75" box="[822,929,721,745]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. nitidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5CAE42FFCD271BF69A35CFFBDDFD76" box="[978,1064,722,746]" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">OXUM</collectionCode>
|
||
). The comparison indicated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF0DB35CFFE7FFC90" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="swinhoei" subSpecies="hengshanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF0DB35CFFE7FFC90" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. swinhoei hengshanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be confirmed as a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF63235E8FC05FC90" box="[890,1008,757,780]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF63235E8FC05FC90" box="[890,1008,757,780]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. imitator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They shared those key characters in the head, (mandibles, frontal depression, post-ocular margin, canthus), pronotum, elytra and aedeagus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF23687FFCD271BF5F53424FEF2FC63" blockId="6.[136,1458,236,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">
|
||
All these above-mentioned characters also can be used to distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF6863427FBB2FCCD" box="[974,1095,826,849]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF6863427FBB2FCCD" box="[974,1095,826,849]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. imitator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF1D93427FB0BFCCD" box="[1169,1278,825,849]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF1D93427FB0BFCCD" box="[1169,1278,825,849]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. nitidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which shall be discussed as below. Especially, the aedeagus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF7D33440FCE6FCE8" box="[667,787,861,884]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF7D33440FCE6FCE8" box="[667,787,861,884]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. imitator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figs. 30‒33) are markedly different from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF0093440FA59FCE8" box="[1345,1452,860,884]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF0093440FA59FCE8" box="[1345,1452,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. nitidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Figs. 35‒38) in the characters of PA, BP and PES, which can furthermore denote that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF11F3462FA85FC0B" box="[1111,1392,895,919]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="swinhoei" subSpecies="henshanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF11F3462FA85FC0B" box="[1111,1392,895,919]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. swinhoei henshanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF0DB3462FF2BFC25" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imitator">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF0DB3462FF2BFC25" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. imitator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is not a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF49534BFFDB3FC25" box="[477,582,929,953]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF49534BFFDB3FC25" box="[477,582,929,953]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. nitidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFCD271BF72434BCFC67FC26" author="Mizunuma, T. & Nagai, S." bookContentInfo="339 pp." box="[620,914,929,954]" journalOrPublisher="Mushi-sha Iconographic Series of Insects, 1" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" refString="Mizunuma, T., Nagai, S. 1994. The Lucanid Beetles of the World. Mushi-sha Iconographic Series of Insects, 1: 339 pp., 115 figs., 156 pls." title="The Lucanid Beetles of the World" type="book" year="1994">Mizunuma & Nagai (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFCD271BF68034BCFBA1FC26" author="Fujita, H." box="[968,1108,929,954]" journalOrPublisher="Mushi-sha's Iconographic Series of Insects" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" pagination="1 - 488" part="6" refString="Fujita, H. 2010. The lucanid beetles of the world. Mushi-sha's Iconographic Series of Insects, 6: 1 - 488, pls 1 - 248." title="The lucanid beetles of the world" type="journal article" year="2010">Fujita (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
treated. Their subspecies status changes could result from the wrong diagnoses of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF7FB34D8FCE8FC40" box="[691,797,964,988]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF7FB34D8FCE8FC40" box="[691,797,964,988]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. nitidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4D4D04FFCD271BF61C34D8FB31FC40" authority="Bates, 1866" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1866" box="[852,1220,964,988]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Neolucanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="swinhoei" subSpecies="swinhoei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B939EA95FFCD271BF61C34D8FBC9FC40" box="[852,1084,964,988]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="201">N. swinhoei swinhoei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDC4B76FFCD271BF10D34D8FB31FC40" author="Bates, H." box="[1093,1220,964,988]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1866" pageId="6" pageNumber="201" pagination="346 - 348" refString="Bates, H. 1866. On a collection of Coleoptera from Formosa sent home by R. Swinhoe, Esq., H. B. M. Consul, Formosa. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1866: 346 - 348." title="On a collection of Coleoptera from Formosa sent home by R. Swinhoe, Esq., H. B. M. Consul, Formosa" type="proceedings paper" year="1866">Bates, 1866</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as we have found in their books.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |