306 lines
37 KiB
XML
306 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="AC841C7594156B01E9982521A717604C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4048.4.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7ed688da-5625-4d39-bef8-695b06f8afde" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="244855" ID-ZooBank="46051D75-807F-4192-8CE7-BAB44BDF56AC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461348295006" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Podenas, Sigitas & Young, Chen W." docDate="2015" docId="03D0FC39F74EFFBBFF18FBEFFA842BA9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04048p537.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4048 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Antocha (Antocha) styx Alexander 1930" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="532" masterDocId="FFE98441F749FFB2FF8FFFB3FFD82E36" masterDocTitle="Antocha crane flies from Taiwan (Diptera: Limoniidae: Limoniinae)" masterLastPageNumber="537" masterPageNumber="523" pageNumber="530" updateTime="1698621040036" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3CE59B92558795C7A9C14B255C1E22BC">
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<mods:title id="185912551F266E3FF8B052B471B8375B">Antocha crane flies from Taiwan (Diptera: Limoniidae: Limoniinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C276E10234E6007837992E19097BD310">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C266D833890CD2EDF13D3F4EC7F384F8">Podenas, Sigitas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="01EA9AFC098F5516EB0714C49E287942">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4BAD8072327953F74A11CF99BEA272A4">Young, Chen W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3784C425BFF24DBEA04DF9F523F787F2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B008088B66CCD21636C1E055BD386A43">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6F11D744F04CFCAA6D28C626AE9DBC9D">
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<mods:date id="38D93E1D9D3A6E7E0177020E0455E26A">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="89C3D72F3C8BD331431E24893E22FB6D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="DAE953A014099B04812BA009042EC9A0">4048</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="7F8F32DDE37DEB885A7E204D3EAD0D3B" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="67495ABA0EFE345DB0B38E787CE8414F">4</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="73FBB42F94404E158B4BA76D5B05DF63">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C2C8AFCFAA82C3DD68BAC0032C6A7530" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4048.4.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D0FC39F74EFFBBFF18FBEFFA842BA9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6101555" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119645686" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6101555" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D0FC39F74EFFBBFF18FBEFFA842BA9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0FC39F74EFFBBFF18FBEFFA842BA9" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="532" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">
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<subSubSection id="C3631EA4F74EFFB5FF18FBEFFEC72AA1" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC64D2FF74EFFB5FF18FBEFFD5E2A40" blockId="7.[151,646,1116,1175]" box="[151,646,1116,1142]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">
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<heading id="D08EFA43F74EFFB5FF18FBEFFD5E2A40" bold="true" box="[151,646,1116,1142]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7936ACF74EFFB5FF18FBEFFD5E2A40" ID-CoL="F3GK" authority="Alexander, 1930" authorityName="Alexander" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,646,1116,1142]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Antocha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="styx" subGenus="Antocha">
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<emphasis id="B90D913DF74EFFB5FF18FBEFFD5E2A40" bold="true" box="[151,646,1116,1142]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">
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<emphasis id="B90D913DF74EFFB5FF18FBEFFF262A40" bold="true" box="[151,254,1116,1142]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">Antocha</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B90D913DF74EFFB5FE81FBEFFEAC2A40" bold="true" box="[270,372,1116,1142]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">Antocha</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B90D913DF74EFFB5FE09FBEFFE6E2A40" bold="true" box="[390,438,1116,1142]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">styx</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE830DEF74EFFB5FE33FBEFFD5E2A40" author="Alexander" box="[444,646,1116,1142]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" refString="Alexander, C. P. (1930) New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). VIII. Philippine Journal of Science, 43, 507 - 536." type="journal article" year="1930">Alexander, 1930</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC64D2FF74EFFB5FF18FBCDFEC72AA1" blockId="7.[151,646,1116,1175]" box="[151,287,1150,1175]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">
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(
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<figureCitation id="134251AAF74EFFB5FF10FBCDFEC02AA1" box="[159,280,1150,1175]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 13" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[310,1258,192,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[300,1272,175,1889]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 13. Antocha (Antocha) styx. 7. Wing; 8. Male genitalia, dorsal aspect; 9. Gonostyli, dorsal aspect; 10. Aedeagal complex covered by ninth sternite, ventral aspect; 11. Aedeagal complex, ventral aspect; 12. Tip of cercus, lateral aspect; 13. Ovipositor, lateral aspect. Abbreviations: arc, arculus; cerc, cercus; d, discal cell; h, humerus; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; st, sternite; tg, tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244859/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">Figs. 7–13</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3631EA4F74EFFB5FF18FB75FDBE2AEA" box="[151,614,1222,1245]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC64D2FF74EFFB5FF18FB75FDBE2AEA" blockId="7.[151,614,1222,1245]" box="[151,614,1222,1245]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB696A01F74EFFB5FF18FB75FDBE2AEA" box="[151,614,1222,1245]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7936ACF74EFFB5FF18FB75FDBA2AEA" ID-CoL="F3GK" authority="Alexander, 1930:517" authorityName="Alexander" authorityPageNumber="517" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,610,1222,1245]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Antocha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="styx" subGenus="Antocha">
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<emphasis id="B90D913DF74EFFB5FF18FB75FF332AEA" box="[151,235,1222,1244]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">Antocha</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B90D913DF74EFFB5FF75FB75FE962AEA" box="[250,334,1222,1244]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">Antocha</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B90D913DF74EFFB5FED2FB7BFE5C2AEB" box="[349,388,1224,1245]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">styx</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD86B3EF74EFFB5FE04FB75FDBA2AEA" author="Alexander" box="[395,610,1222,1244]" page="517" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" year="1930">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE830DEF74EFFB5FE04FB75FDEE2AEA" author="Alexander" box="[395,566,1222,1244]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" refString="Alexander, C. P. (1930) New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). VIII. Philippine Journal of Science, 43, 507 - 536." type="journal article" year="1930">Alexander, 1930</bibRefCitation>
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:517
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3631EA4F74EFFB5FF18FABAFCA22BE3" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC64D2FF74EFFB5FF18FABAFCA22BE3" blockId="7.[151,1437,1289,2034]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">
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<emphasis id="B90D913DF74EFFB5FF18FABAFEC92B14" bold="true" box="[151,273,1289,1314]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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This is a medium-sized crane fly. Ground color of body black, body covered with gray pruinosity, dense on thoracic pleuron, thus general body color ranging from dark gray to blackish gray. Wings with blackish tinge. Wing stigma indistinct, slightly darker than wing membrane. Posterior margin of ninth tergite of male genitalia slightly concave, gonocoxite oval, without additional lobes, outer gonostylus arched distally with acute tip and small outgrove on inner margin. Aedeagus with large shield, paramere long, narrow, rod-like. Cercus of ovipositor with small angle on ventral margin and microscopic hook at apex.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3631EA4F74EFFBBFF48FA52FC672DB4" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="532" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC64D2FF74EFFB5FF48FA52FC75282B" blockId="7.[151,1437,1289,2034]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">
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<emphasis id="B90D913DF74EFFB5FF48FA52FE812BCC" bold="true" box="[199,345,1505,1530]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">Description.</emphasis>
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Based on dry-mounted specimens of both sexes. Body length: Males
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<quantity id="4C81E0CAF74EFFB5FB03FA52FAEE2BCF" box="[1164,1334,1505,1530]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.675" metricValueMax="5.65" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" unit="mm" value="4.675" valueMax="5.65" valueMin="3.7">3.70–5.65 mm</quantity>
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; females
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<quantity id="4C81E0CAF74EFFB5FF18F9B5FEF9282B" box="[151,289,1542,1566]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.1" metricValueMin="4.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.1" valueMin="4.9">4.9–7.1 mm</quantity>
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. Wing length: Males 4.75–7.00 mm; females 5.7–8.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC64D2FF74EFFB5FF48F99AFD4628C3" blockId="7.[151,1437,1289,2034]" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">
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<emphasis id="B90D913DF74EFFB5FF48F99AFEDC2874" box="[199,260,1577,1602]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">Head</emphasis>
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. Head black dorsally, covered with grayish pruinosity, denser along orbits. Antenna black throughout, 16–segmented,
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<quantity id="4C81E0CAF74EFFB5FEC9F9FEFE312853" box="[326,489,1613,1638]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="10.5" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" unit="mm" value="0.875" valueMax="1.05" valueMin="0.7">0.70–1.05 mm</quantity>
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in males,
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<quantity id="4C81E0CAF74EFFB5FDD6F9FEFD242853" box="[601,764,1613,1638]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.25" metricValueMin="0.85" pageId="7" pageNumber="530" unit="mm" value="1.05" valueMax="1.25" valueMin="0.85">0.85–1.25 mm</quantity>
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in females. Scape nearly cylindrical. Pedicel brownish gray, wider distally, narrower basally. Flagellomeres oval, decreasing in size towards apex, apical segment about onethird longer than penultimate. Verticils short, distinctly shorter than respective segments, slightly longer than whitish pubescence covering flagellomeres. Rostrum black, covered with scarce grayish pruinosity. Palpus black, covered with scarse, short, erect whitish setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC64D2FF74EFFBBFF48F8B2FB002FE5" blockId="7.[151,1437,1289,2034]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,1439]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="532" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">
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<emphasis id="B90D913DF74EFFB5FF48F8B2FEC0292C" box="[199,280,1793,1818]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="530">Thorax</emphasis>
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. Thorax dark brown to blackish brown dorsally, bluish gray laterally and ventrally. Antepronotum black, covered with dense brownish gray pruinosity. Pronotum gray laterally. Mesonotal prescutum dark brown, lighter laterally with three confluent blackish brown stripes, which cover nearly entire surface of sclerite. Pseudosutural fovea surrounded by gray. Median stripe separated from lateral stripes by rows of short erect brown setae. Mesonotal scutum blackish brown, covered by dense gray pruinosity. Scutellum uniformly dark brown, covered by dense gray pruinosity. Mediotergite blackish brown, with indistinct brownish spots on both sides, covered with dense gray pruinosity. Pleuron generally bluish gray, katepisternum brownish gray. Wing with blackish tinge. Stigma indistinct, nearly invisible. Wing veins blackish brown. Venation typical for subgenus (
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<figureCitation id="134251AAF740FFBBFAE0FF24FF702EE2" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 13" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[310,1258,192,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[300,1272,175,1889]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 13. Antocha (Antocha) styx. 7. Wing; 8. Male genitalia, dorsal aspect; 9. Gonostyli, dorsal aspect; 10. Aedeagal complex covered by ninth sternite, ventral aspect; 11. Aedeagal complex, ventral aspect; 12. Tip of cercus, lateral aspect; 13. Ovipositor, lateral aspect. Abbreviations: arc, arculus; cerc, cercus; d, discal cell; h, humerus; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; st, sternite; tg, tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244859/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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): discal cell closed, short and wide;
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<emphasis id="B90D913DF740FFBBFDB6FF0EFD8D2EE2" box="[569,597,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Rs</emphasis>
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very long and straight, basal deflection of
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<emphasis id="B90D913DF740FFBBFBBFFF0FFBB12EEF" box="[1072,1129,188,217]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">CuA1</emphasis>
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distinctly before branching point of
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<emphasis id="B90D913DF740FFBBFF7BFF57FED32ECD" box="[244,267,228,251]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">M</emphasis>
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, anal angle big and nearly right-angled. Stem of haltere brown, somewhat lighter at base. Knob blackish. Haltere
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<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFF7DFEB5FE4E2F29" box="[242,406,262,287]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="0.775" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.65">0.65–0.90 mm</quantity>
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long in males and 0.8–1.0 mm in females. Coxae dark brown basally, turning light brown distally. Trochanters brown at base, turning blackish distally. Legs uniformly brown, just distal tarsomeres turning black. Male femur I:
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<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFE0CFEFDFDFE2F51" box="[387,550,334,359]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.725" metricValueMax="5.75" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="4.725" valueMax="5.75" valueMin="3.7">3.70–5.75 mm</quantity>
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||
long, II:
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<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFD01FEFDFCEA2F51" box="[654,818,334,359]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="6.25" metricValueMin="4.15" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="5.2" valueMax="6.25" valueMin="4.15">4.15–6.25 mm</quantity>
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, III:
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<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFCE7FEFDFBD62F51" box="[872,1038,334,359]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.425" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="4.25" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="5.425" valueMax="6.6" valueMin="4.25">4.25–6.60 mm</quantity>
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||
; tibiae I: 4.0–
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<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFB27FEFDFB272F51" box="[1192,1279,334,359]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="6.4">6.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, II:
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||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFAA3FEFDFF1D2FBC" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.725" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="3.85" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="4.725" valueMax="5.6" valueMin="3.85">3.85–5.60 mm</quantity>
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||
, III:
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||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFF73FEC1FE7A2FBC" box="[252,418,370,395]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.525" metricValueMax="6.75" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="5.525" valueMax="6.75" valueMin="4.3">4.30–6.75 mm</quantity>
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||
; tarsus I:
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||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFD81FEC1FD402FBC" box="[526,664,370,395]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.15" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="5.15" valueMax="6.2" valueMin="4.1">4.1–6.2 mm</quantity>
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||
, II:
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||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFD49FEC1FCB22FBC" box="[710,874,370,395]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.225" metricValueMax="4.95" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="4.225" valueMax="4.95" valueMin="3.5">3.50–4.95 mm</quantity>
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, III:
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<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFC2DFEC1FB9D2FBC" box="[930,1093,370,395]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.574999999999999" metricValueMax="5.35" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="4.574999999999999" valueMax="5.35" valueMin="3.8">3.80–5.35 mm</quantity>
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long. Female femur I:
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<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFAC7FEC1FF1B2F99" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699999999999999" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="4.699999999999999" valueMax="5.3" valueMin="4.1">4.1–5.3 mm</quantity>
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long, II:
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFEA4FE25FE6C2F99" box="[299,436,406,431]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="5.7" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="5.7" valueMin="4.3">4.3–5.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, III: 4.9–6.0 mm; tibiae I:
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFD52FE25FCBE2F99" box="[733,870,406,431]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" metricValueMax="6.1" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="5.4" valueMax="6.1" valueMin="4.7">4.7–6.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, II:
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFC1CFE25FBC42F99" box="[915,1052,406,431]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="5.7" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="4.9" valueMax="5.7" valueMin="4.1">4.1–5.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, III:
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFBDDFE25FB042F99" box="[1106,1244,406,431]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="5.35" valueMax="5.9" valueMin="4.8">4.8–5.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
; tarsus I:
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFAC7FE25FF1D2FE4" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="4.9" valueMax="5.6" valueMin="4.2">4.2–5.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, II:
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFF7DFE09FE4F2FE4" box="[242,407,442,467]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.125" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="3.55" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="4.125" valueMax="4.7" valueMin="3.55">3.55–4.70 mm</quantity>
|
||
, III:
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFE42FE08FD8C2FE4" box="[461,596,443,467]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="4.25" valueMax="4.7" valueMin="3.8">3.8–4.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Claw of male with a single, slender subbasal spine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF061DA7F741FFBAFF18F8C9FE8F29DA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244859/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="531" targetBox="[310,1258,192,1873]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64D2FF741FFBAFF18F8C9FE8F29DA" blockId="8.[151,1436,1914,2028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="531">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D913DF741FFBAFF18F8C9FE9029A6" bold="true" box="[151,328,1914,1937]" pageId="8" pageNumber="531">FIGURES 7–13.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7936ACF741FFBAFEC1F8C8FDE529A7" box="[334,573,1915,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Antocha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="531" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="styx" subGenus="Antocha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D913DF741FFBAFEC1F8C8FE7A29A7" box="[334,418,1915,1937]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="531">Antocha</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D913DF741FFBAFE3CF8C8FDDF29A7" box="[435,519,1915,1937]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="531">Antocha</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D913DF741FFBAFD99F8CFFDE529A7" box="[534,573,1916,1937]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="531">styx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 7. Wing; 8. Male genitalia, dorsal aspect; 9. Gonostyli, dorsal aspect; 10. Aedeagal complex covered by ninth sternite, ventral aspect; 11. Aedeagal complex, ventral aspect; 12. Tip of cercus, lateral aspect; 13. Ovipositor, lateral aspect. Abbreviations: arc, arculus; cerc, cercus; d, discal cell; h, humerus; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; st, sternite; tg, tergite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64D2FF740FFBBFF48FE6DFB7C2C54" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1439]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D913DF740FFBBFF48FE6DFEE92FC1" box="[199,305,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Abdominal tergites semi-polished, black, covered with brownish gray pruinosity, the caudal margins narrowly brownish gray. Tergites covered with short, indistinct setae. Basal and distal sternites black, sternites 2–6 brown with blackened lateral and posterior margins. Posterior margins of all sternites narrowly rimmed by gray. Abdomen ventrally covered by dense gray pruinosity and distinct long yellowish erect setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64D2FF740FFBBFF48FDC3FB1C2D21" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1439]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D913DF740FFBBFF48FDC3FE8E2CB1" box="[199,342,624,647]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Hypopygium</emphasis>
|
||
. Male genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134251AAF740FFBBFD9DFDDDFD8C2CB1" box="[530,596,622,647]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 13" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[310,1258,192,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[300,1272,175,1889]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 13. Antocha (Antocha) styx. 7. Wing; 8. Male genitalia, dorsal aspect; 9. Gonostyli, dorsal aspect; 10. Aedeagal complex covered by ninth sternite, ventral aspect; 11. Aedeagal complex, ventral aspect; 12. Tip of cercus, lateral aspect; 13. Ovipositor, lateral aspect. Abbreviations: arc, arculus; cerc, cercus; d, discal cell; h, humerus; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; st, sternite; tg, tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244859/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
) generally black, central part of ninth tergite and inner parts of gonocoxites brownish. Gonostyli (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134251AAF740FFBBFE17FD21FE3A2C9D" box="[408,482,658,683]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 13" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[310,1258,192,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[300,1272,175,1889]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 13. Antocha (Antocha) styx. 7. Wing; 8. Male genitalia, dorsal aspect; 9. Gonostyli, dorsal aspect; 10. Aedeagal complex covered by ninth sternite, ventral aspect; 11. Aedeagal complex, ventral aspect; 12. Tip of cercus, lateral aspect; 13. Ovipositor, lateral aspect. Abbreviations: arc, arculus; cerc, cercus; d, discal cell; h, humerus; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; st, sternite; tg, tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244859/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
) distinctly reddish brown. Ninth tergite with slightly concave posterior margin. Gonocoxite elongate, oval, without extra lobes. Outer gonostylus arched, with acute tip and small emargination on inner margin. Inner gonostylus fleshy, distinctly arched, covered with scarce setae. Penis long and narrow, covered by wide sheath (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134251AAF740FFBBFEC1FD4DFE7A2D21" box="[334,418,766,791]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 13" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[310,1258,192,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[300,1272,175,1889]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 13. Antocha (Antocha) styx. 7. Wing; 8. Male genitalia, dorsal aspect; 9. Gonostyli, dorsal aspect; 10. Aedeagal complex covered by ninth sternite, ventral aspect; 11. Aedeagal complex, ventral aspect; 12. Tip of cercus, lateral aspect; 13. Ovipositor, lateral aspect. Abbreviations: arc, arculus; cerc, cercus; d, discal cell; h, humerus; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; st, sternite; tg, tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244859/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gonapophysis narrow, rod-like, distinctly shorter than penis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134251AAF740FFBBFBEAFD4DFB6E2D21" box="[1125,1206,766,791]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 13" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[310,1258,192,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[300,1272,175,1889]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 13. Antocha (Antocha) styx. 7. Wing; 8. Male genitalia, dorsal aspect; 9. Gonostyli, dorsal aspect; 10. Aedeagal complex covered by ninth sternite, ventral aspect; 11. Aedeagal complex, ventral aspect; 12. Tip of cercus, lateral aspect; 13. Ovipositor, lateral aspect. Abbreviations: arc, arculus; cerc, cercus; d, discal cell; h, humerus; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; st, sternite; tg, tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244859/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64D2FF740FFBBFF48FC90FC672DB4" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1439]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D913DF740FFBBFF48FC90FEE72D0C" box="[199,319,803,826]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Ovipositor</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134251AAF740FFBBFEDEFC91FE7C2D0D" box="[337,420,802,827]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 13" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[310,1258,192,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[300,1272,175,1889]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 13. Antocha (Antocha) styx. 7. Wing; 8. Male genitalia, dorsal aspect; 9. Gonostyli, dorsal aspect; 10. Aedeagal complex covered by ninth sternite, ventral aspect; 11. Aedeagal complex, ventral aspect; 12. Tip of cercus, lateral aspect; 13. Ovipositor, lateral aspect. Abbreviations: arc, arculus; cerc, cercus; d, discal cell; h, humerus; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; st, sternite; tg, tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244859/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
) with tenth tergite dark brown. Cercus reddish brown with dark brown base, distal part slightly bent upwards, tip with small subapical angle on ventral margin and microsopic hook at apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134251AAF740FFBBFACCFCF5FA572D69" box="[1347,1423,838,863]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 13" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1914,1937]" captionTargetBox="[310,1258,192,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[300,1272,175,1889]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 13. Antocha (Antocha) styx. 7. Wing; 8. Male genitalia, dorsal aspect; 9. Gonostyli, dorsal aspect; 10. Aedeagal complex covered by ninth sternite, ventral aspect; 11. Aedeagal complex, ventral aspect; 12. Tip of cercus, lateral aspect; 13. Ovipositor, lateral aspect. Abbreviations: arc, arculus; cerc, cercus; d, discal cell; h, humerus; hyp vlv, hypogynial valve; st, sternite; tg, tergite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244859/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Fig.12</figureCitation>
|
||
). Hypovalvae brownish yellow, tip acute, reaching to basal part of cercus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3631EA4F740FFBBFF48FC3DFB922DC6" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64D2FF740FFBBFF48FC3DFB922DC6" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1439]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D913DF740FFBBFF48FC3DFEB82D91" bold="true" box="[199,352,910,935]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is endemic to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0DBFF740FFBBFD18FC3DFD312D91" box="[663,745,910,935]" name="Taiwan" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Fig. 18). It was found at altitudes from
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFB38FC3DFB262D91" box="[1207,1278,910,935]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="m" value="760.0">760 m</quantity>
|
||
through
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFAEBFC3CFF682DFC" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</quantity>
|
||
. All
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C2F38DF740FFBBFF6AFC00FECD2DFD" box="[229,277,947,971]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens were collected at the end of October, more recent specimens were found from second part of March through end of May. It seems, that species has at least two generations a year.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3631EA4F740FFBBFF48FC49FBB72B05" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64D2FF740FFBBFF48FC49FD882AF1" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1439]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D913DF740FFBBFF48FC49FE6D2A25" bold="true" box="[199,437,1018,1043]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0DBFF740FFBBFE4EFC48FDEA2A25" box="[449,562,1019,1043]" name="Taiwan" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">TAIWAN</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C2F38DF740FFBBFDCEFC48FD6B2A25" box="[577,691,1019,1043]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: Hassensan,
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFCC4FC49FC1C2A25" box="[843,964,1018,1043]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="ft" value="3500.0">3,500 feet</quantity>
|
||
, S. Issiki, 24
|
||
<date id="FFC76BEFF740FFBBFBE1FC49FAF62A25" box="[1134,1326,1018,1043]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" value="1929-10-01">
|
||
October 1929,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7F86A6F740FFBBFAAFFC48FAF62A25" box="[1312,1326,1019,1043]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
|
||
</date>
|
||
♂ (body pinned, right wing, leg, fragment of antenna and male terminalia slide-mounted),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7F86A6F740FFBBFBA0FBACFB822A01" box="[1071,1114,1055,1079]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(pinned); Meizi Hot Spring,
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFF18FBF1FED62A6D" box="[151,270,1090,1115]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="ft" value="2500.0">2,500 feet</quantity>
|
||
, S. Issiki, 25
|
||
<date id="FFC76BEFF740FFBBFE3AFBF1FDAB2A6D" box="[437,627,1090,1115]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" value="1929-10-01">
|
||
October 1929,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7F86A6F740FFBBFDEAFBF0FDAB2A6D" box="[613,627,1091,1115]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
|
||
</date>
|
||
♂ (body pinned, right wing, leg, antenna and male terminalia slidemounted),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7F86A6F740FFBBFE9FFBD4FEE12A49" box="[272,313,1127,1151]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="generic">4 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(pinned); specimens identified by S. Podenas: Taichung, Bi-Lu-Si
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0DBFF740FFBBFBAAFBD5FBAF2A49" box="[1061,1143,1126,1151]" name="Taiwan" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
Forest Res. Inst.,
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFACEFBD5FA4F2A49" box="[1345,1431,1126,1151]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6369999999999998" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="m" value="1637.0">1637 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2BE8F740FFBBFF18FB39FED12A95" box="[151,265,1162,1187]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" precision="5" value="24.2226">24.2226N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2BE8F740FFBBFE9BFB39FE492A95" box="[276,401,1162,1187]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" precision="5" value="121.305">121.3050E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, Chen Young, 22
|
||
<date id="FFC76BEFF740FFBBFDD7FB39FD232A95" box="[600,763,1162,1187]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" value="2011-03-04">
|
||
March 2011,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7F86A6F740FFBBFD62FB38FD232A95" box="[749,763,1163,1187]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="generic">4</specimenCount>
|
||
</date>
|
||
♂, 6 ♀; Taichung, Pilushi,
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFBA0FB38FB5E2A94" box="[1071,1158,1163,1187]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</quantity>
|
||
, R. Davidson, C. Young, J. Rawlins, 22–23
|
||
<date id="FFC76BEFF740FFBBFEE9FB03FE2D2AF1" box="[358,501,1199,1224]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" value="1988-05-07">
|
||
May 1988,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7F86A6F740FFBBFE68FB03FE2D2AF1" box="[487,501,1200,1223]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="generic">7</specimenCount>
|
||
</date>
|
||
♂, 6 ♀.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64D2FF740FFBBFF48FB61FBB72B05" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1439]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D913DF740FFBBFF48FB61FDE82ADD" bold="true" box="[199,560,1234,1259]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">
|
||
Previous records for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0DBFF740FFBBFE40FB61FDF32ADD" box="[463,555,1234,1259]" name="Taiwan" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C2F38DF740FFBBFDB3FB61FD712ADD" box="[572,681,1234,1259]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: Meizi Hot Springs, foot of Hassensan,
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFB08FB61FB272ADD" box="[1159,1279,1234,1259]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="ft" value="2500.0">2,500 feet</quantity>
|
||
, S. Issiki, 26
|
||
<date id="FFC76BEFF740FFBBFF18FB45FE952B39" box="[151,333,1270,1295]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" value="1929-10-01">
|
||
October 1929,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7F86A6F740FFBBFEB0FB44FE952B39" box="[319,333,1271,1295]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
|
||
</date>
|
||
♂; Paratopotypes: Meizi Hot Springs, foot of Hassensan,
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFC54FB45FB972B39" box="[987,1103,1270,1295]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="ft" value="2500.0">2,500 feet</quantity>
|
||
, S. Issiki, 25
|
||
<date id="FFC76BEFF740FFBBFB69FB45FA442B39" box="[1254,1436,1270,1295]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" value="1929-10-03">
|
||
October 1929,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7F86A6F740FFBBFA01FB44FA442B39" box="[1422,1436,1271,1295]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="generic">3</specimenCount>
|
||
</date>
|
||
♂;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C2F38DF740FFBBFF34FAA8FEF42B05" box="[187,300,1307,1331]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
: Hassensan,
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E0CAF740FFBBFE35FAA9FDF52B05" box="[442,557,1306,1331]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0668" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" unit="ft" value="3500.0">3,500 feet</quantity>
|
||
, S. Issiki, 24
|
||
<date id="FFC76BEFF740FFBBFD4BFAA9FCA12B05" box="[708,889,1306,1331]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" value="1929-10-02">
|
||
October 1929,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7F86A6F740FFBBFCE4FAA8FCA12B05" box="[875,889,1307,1331]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="generic">2</specimenCount>
|
||
</date>
|
||
♂ (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE830DEF740FFBBFC2CFAA9FBBB2B05" author="Alexander" box="[931,1123,1306,1331]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" refString="Alexander, C. P. (1930) New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). VIII. Philippine Journal of Science, 43, 507 - 536." type="journal article" year="1930">Alexander, 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3631EA4F740FFBBFF48FA8DFA842BA9" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64D2FF740FFBBFF48FA8DFA842BA9" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1439]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D913DF740FFBBFF48FA8DFEE32B61" bold="true" box="[199,315,1342,1367]" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7936ACF740FFBBFECEFA8DFE092B61" box="[321,465,1342,1367]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Antocha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="styx">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D913DF740FFBBFECEFA8DFE092B61" box="[321,465,1342,1367]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Antocha styx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by Alexander in 1930 based on male specimens collected by S. Issiki in October around Meizi Hot Springs, foot of Hassensan of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0DBFF740FFBBFCBEFAD1FC5F2B4D" box="[817,903,1378,1403]" name="Taiwan" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. This species is known only from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0DBFF740FFBBFA98FAD1FAB12B4D" box="[1303,1385,1378,1403]" name="Taiwan" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and judging from numbers of collected specimens it could be the most common species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7936ACF740FFBBFBEEFA35FB662BA9" box="[1121,1214,1414,1439]" class="Insecta" family="Limoniidae" genus="Antocha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="532" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D913DF740FFBBFBEEFA35FB662BA9" box="[1121,1214,1414,1439]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="532">Antocha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the island.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |