193 lines
19 KiB
XML
193 lines
19 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="446788B4040B117423D16D9A31180F9F">Fishes of Afghanistan; a revised and updated annotated checklist</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BB90F380F20FB228DAE1A5566EA5C9EF">Coad, Brian W</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4A202E345562560E4625FFB5CD2BB9E2">Hamdard, Mohammad Hamid</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2D5FBB2D9D049B702EAE99B953018E55">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03CA1A3CFF87FFA538E2182D8AAE65C0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8097317" ID-GBIF-Taxon="210651437" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8097317" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA1A3CFF87FFA538E2182D8AAE65C0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1A3CFF87FFA538E2182D8AAE65C0" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF87FFA638E2182D8A6C623D" box="[151,604,1626,1653]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF87FFA638E2182D8A6C623D" blockId="45.[151,1437,1626,2013]" box="[151,604,1626,1653]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<heading id="D0941C46FF87FFA638E2182D8A6C623D" box="[151,604,1626,1653]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C63D0A9FF87FFA638E2182D8A6C623D" ID-CoL="FPC9" ID-ENA="52581" authority="(Hamilton, 1822)" baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[151,604,1626,1653]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Aplocheilidae" genus="Aplocheilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="panchax">
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<emphasis id="B9177738FF87FFA638E2182D8A6C623D" bold="true" box="[151,604,1626,1653]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="B9177738FF87FFA638E2182D89BB623C" bold="true" box="[151,395,1626,1653]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Aplocheilus panchax</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF87FFA639EC182D8A65623D" author="Hamilton, F." box="[409,597,1626,1652]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref57103" refString="Hamilton, F. (1822) An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges and its branches. Printed for A. Constable and company, Edinburgh and London, vii + 405 pp., pls. 1 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59540" type="book chapter" year="1822">Hamilton, 1822</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF87FFA63A16182C8B0F623C" box="[611,831,1627,1653]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF87FFA63A16182C8B0F623C" blockId="45.[151,1437,1626,2013]" box="[611,831,1627,1653]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<heading id="D0941C46FF87FFA63A16182C8B0F623C" box="[611,831,1627,1653]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="5">[N]—Blue panchax</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF87FFA638E218088BE762A8" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF87FFA638E218088BE762A8" blockId="45.[151,1437,1626,2013]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="B9177738FF87FFA638E21808892A62D0" bold="true" box="[151,282,1663,1689]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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Original description:
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<taxonomicName id="4C63D0A9FF87FFA63A6E18088B8862D0" authority="Hamilton, 1822: 211" authorityName="Hamilton" authorityPageNumber="211" authorityYear="1822" box="[539,952,1663,1689]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Esocidae" genus="Esox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Esociformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="panchax">
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<emphasis id="B9177738FF87FFA63A6E18088A8B62D0" box="[539,699,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Esox panchax</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF87FFA63AB318088B8862D0" author="Hamilton, F." box="[710,952,1663,1689]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref57103" refString="Hamilton, F. (1822) An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges and its branches. Printed for A. Constable and company, Edinburgh and London, vii + 405 pp., pls. 1 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59540" type="book chapter" year="1822">Hamilton, 1822: 211</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 380, pl. 3, fig. 69 (ditches and ponds of Bengal; no
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<typeStatus id="54D81588FF87FFA6392018D489A062F4" box="[341,400,1699,1725]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">types</typeStatus>
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known).—
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<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF87FFA63A6618D48AAF62F4" box="[531,671,1699,1725]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
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synonyms: None.—Revisions:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF87FFA63C6318D48CC462F4" author="Seegers, L." box="[1046,1268,1699,1725]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refId="ref63309" refString="Seegers, L. (1997) Killifishes of the World. Old World Killis II. Aqualog, Verlag A. C. S., M ˆ rfelden-Walldorf, 109 pp." type="book" year="1997">Seegers (1997: 16)</bibRefCitation>
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.—Illustration:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF87FFA638B218B0894D62A8" author="Hamilton, F." box="[199,381,1735,1761]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref57103" refString="Hamilton, F. (1822) An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges and its branches. Printed for A. Constable and company, Edinburgh and London, vii + 405 pp., pls. 1 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59540" type="book chapter" year="1822">Hamilton (1822</bibRefCitation>
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: pl. 3, fig. 69) as
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<taxonomicName id="4C63D0A9FF87FFA63A3518B08AEC62A8" authorityName="Hamilton" authorityYear="1822" box="[576,732,1735,1761]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Esocidae" genus="Esox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Esociformes" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="panchax">
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<emphasis id="B9177738FF87FFA63A3518B08AEC62A8" box="[576,732,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Esox panchax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF87FFA63A9E18B08B5F62A8" author="Britz, R." box="[747,879,1735,1761]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refId="ref52305" refString="Britz, R. (2019) Francis Hamilton's Gangetic Fishes in colour. A new edition of the 1822 monograph, with reproductions of unpublished coloured illustrations. Ray Society, London, 48 + vii + 405 + vii pp., 228 pls." type="book" year="2019">Britz (2019</bibRefCitation>
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: pl. 119).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF87FFA638E2189D89B16360" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF87FFA638E2189D89B16360" blockId="45.[151,1437,1626,2013]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="B9177738FF87FFA638E2189D89AD634D" bold="true" box="[151,413,1770,1796]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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Status in
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<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF87FFA63971189D89A8634D" box="[260,408,1770,1796]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
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.
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</emphasis>
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First record from Afghanistan by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF87FFA63B62189C8B93634C" author="Hora, S. L." box="[791,931,1770,1797]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="784 - 802" refId="ref57414" refString="Hora, S. L. (1935) On a collection of fishes from Afghanistan. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 37 (4), 784 - 802. https: // doi. org / 10.26515 / rzsi / v 37 / i 3 / 1935 / 162976" type="journal article" year="1935">Hora (1935)</bibRefCitation>
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; confirmed by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF87FFA63C3C189C8CDD634C" author="Coad, B. W." box="[1097,1261,1771,1797]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref52993" refString="Coad, B. W. (1981) Fishes of Afghanistan, an annoted checklist. National Museum of Canada Publications in Zoology, 14, i - v + 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1981">Coad (1981: 8)</bibRefCitation>
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.—Afghanistan materials: None.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF87FFA538E219458CC3649C" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="distribution">
|
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<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF87FFA538E219458CC3649C" blockId="45.[151,1437,1626,2013]" lastBlockId="46.[151,1437,151,393]" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="B9177738FF87FFA638E21945898C6305" bold="true" box="[151,444,1842,1869]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
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Distribution in
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<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF87FFA63A1019448AC26304" box="[613,754,1843,1869]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
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: Chahiltran Stream, tributary of
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<collectingRegion id="49A765C8FF87FFA63C2419448CA56304" box="[1105,1173,1843,1869]" country="Afghanistan" name="Kabul" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Kabul</collectingRegion>
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River, West
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<collectingRegion id="49A765C8FF87FFA63D6B19448D526304" box="[1310,1378,1843,1869]" country="Afghanistan" name="Kabul" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Kabul</collectingRegion>
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City,
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<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF87FFA638B2192089626338" box="[199,338,1879,1905]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
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.—General distribution: South Asia:
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<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF87FFA63A9E19208B7D6338" box="[747,845,1879,1905]" name="Pakistan" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF87FFA63B2D19208BA46338" box="[856,916,1879,1905]" name="India" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">India</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF87FFA63BEA19208BD56338" box="[927,997,1879,1905]" name="Nepal" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Nepal</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF87FFA63B8519208C436338" box="[1008,1139,1879,1905]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF87FFA63CDC19208D2A6338" box="[1193,1306,1879,1905]" name="Myanmar" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
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; introduced in
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<collectingRegion id="49A765C8FF87FFA63891190C897963DC" box="[228,329,1915,1941]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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(
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<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF87FFA63922190C89F963DC" box="[343,457,1915,1941]" name="Indonesia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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).—Habitat: This species is found in clear, shallow, and brackish waters at low altitudes, as well as in estuaries, ditches, ponds, and canals, reservoirs, and mangrove creeks. This species is a larvivorous fish, and its utility for mosquito control has been well established. This species is a perennial breeder with a spawning maximum in the monsoon months. It breeds at
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<quantity id="4C9B06CFFF84FFA53B301EE08B4B64F8" box="[837,891,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="cm" value="8.0">8 cm</quantity>
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and attains a length of
|
||
<quantity id="4C9B06CFFF84FFA53C0B1EE08C8864F8" box="[1150,1208,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="cm" value="9.0">9 cm</quantity>
|
||
. Maturity is attained in four to five months. The eggs, when laid, are attached to submersibles. Freshwater, brackish.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF84FFA538E21EA98AEF6554" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF84FFA538E21EA98B2564B0" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,393]" box="[151,789,222,249]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9177738FF84FFA538E21EA9899464B1" bold="true" box="[151,420,222,248]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Economic importance.</emphasis>
|
||
Valuable for the aquarium trade.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF84FFA538E21F748AEF6554" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,393]" box="[151,735,258,285]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9177738FF84FFA538E21F74898B6555" bold="true" box="[151,443,258,285]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Reasons of introduction.</emphasis>
|
||
Ornamental fish industry.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C379F8A1FF84FFA538E21F518AAE65C0" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDCAB2AFF84FFA538E21F518AAE65C0" blockId="46.[151,1437,151,393]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9177738FF84FFA538E21F51890F6509" bold="true" box="[151,319,294,320]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Conservation status in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F374EBBAFF84FFA53A241F508AEE6508" box="[593,734,295,321]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Unknown.—IUCN: LC (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2D6DBFF84FFA53C7C1F508D436508" author="Chaudhry, S. & Chakrabarty, P." box="[1033,1395,295,321]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1134077" refId="ref52511" refString="Chaudhry, S. & Chakrabarty, P. (2018) Aplocheilus panchax. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2018, e. T 166477 A 1134077. https: // doi. org / 10.2305 / IUCN. UK. 2018 - 2. RLTS. T 166477 A 1134077. en" type="journal article" year="2018">Chaudhry & Chakrabarty 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).— Threats: COM, EUT.—High sensitivity to human activities.—Keystone species.—Decline status: Unknown.— Moderate priority for conservation action.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |