351 lines
45 KiB
XML
351 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document id="D55D6DB2024C6FBB439D2FA3EDE14257" ID-CLB-Dataset="4900" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3859.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d866af6f-cbcd-47f4-a4f3-1499c1789ae3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4930112" ID-ZooBank="24FCAAE1-AB7C-4FAD-8698-D0C9F12400EC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623442093486" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Hryniewicz, Krzysztof, Little, Crispin T. S. & Nakrem, Hans Arne" docDate="2014" docId="A2311D4D9F31E30F04E6FD9FFDFD2F57" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03859p066.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3859 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum Spath 1936" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="5E0865359F19E3250471FFA5FFA82955" masterDocTitle="Bivalves from the latest Jurassic-earliest Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep carbonates from central Spitsbergen, Svalbard" masterLastPageNumber="66" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1699013068164" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="42BC945E5FDD0AE371234F45101AF23D">Bivalves from the latest Jurassic-earliest Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep carbonates from central Spitsbergen, Svalbard</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="21117EC0D461092E783DAB3C238D3179" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="56F7A8495BCDF193C23E6C795E232490">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E0A5C9F13CD3A098C64FE5301B61C275">Hryniewicz, Krzysztof</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B99F3B1DA233BBE877398C475086CFF1" type="email">krzysztof.hryniewicz@nhm.uio.no</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B5D11C8E9559F28BF10D8DA57C5526B9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E646AC4B2B6B7E0CE7146A3561C12549">Little, Crispin T. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8DB1068636EE2C613594C8ABA8EDC4ED" type="email">earctsl@leeds.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="9A0FF838E0DD84264AB57A48554C3149">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E12EDDFF3FDD644ABC87CAFCBFB7452E">Nakrem, Hans Arne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C4AEA9B2C227D323AB5A51A5A0AB987E" type="email">krzysztof.hryniewicz@nhm.uio.no</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="0399CA9D7F79A6CD58EED0324A2098D2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="651931B2CF6EB599DD56907BA6F81486">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="80B01C1A0D3D725AC08807C4378F13A8">2014-09-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8CAF88D1607353AA86D7AA2562030750">3859</mods:number>
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<treatment id="A2311D4D9F31E30F04E6FD9FFDFD2F57" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228265" ID-GBIF-Taxon="184646023" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5228265" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2311D4D9F31E30F04E6FD9FFDFD2F57" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A2311D4D9F31E30F04E6FD9FFDFD2F57" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<subSubSection id="6282FFD09F31E30D04E6FD9FFD592B01" box="[151,753,570,596]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F31E30D04E6FD9FFD592B01" blockId="40.[151,753,570,630]" box="[151,753,570,596]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<heading id="716F1B379F31E30D04E6FD9FFD592B01" bold="true" box="[151,753,570,596]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D04E6FD9FFD592B01" authority="Spath, 1936" authorityName="Spath" authorityYear="1936" box="[151,753,570,596]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pseudotrapezium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="groenlandicum">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D04E6FD9FFD592B01" bold="true" box="[151,753,570,596]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D04E6FD9FFEC02B01" bold="true" box="[151,360,570,596]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Pseudotrapezium</emphasis>
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aff.
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D05EEFD9FFDFF2B01" bold="true" box="[415,599,570,596]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">groenlandicum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F31E30D062FFD9FFD592B01" author="Spath, L. F." box="[606,753,570,596]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref40440" refString="Spath, L. F. (1936) The Upper Jurassic invertebrate faunas of Cape Leslie, Milne Land. II. Upper Kimmeridgian and Portlandian. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 99, 1 - 180, pls. 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1936">Spath, 1936</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="6282FFD09F31E30D04E6FDF8FDC62BA7" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F31E30D04E6FDF8FEE62B23" blockId="40.[151,753,570,630]" box="[151,334,605,630]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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(
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<figureCitation id="B2A3B0DE9F31E30D04EFFDF8FEEE2B23" box="[158,326,605,630]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="40.[151,250,1694,1716]" captionTargetId="figure-22@39.[160,1418,193,1984]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 16. (A–G) Cretaxinus hurumi gen. et sp. nov. (A) Lateral view of left valve of articulated internal mould, showing a distinct, triangular shape. (B–C) Anterior views showing shape and size of lunule and anterior pedal retractor scar. (D) Dorsal view showing shape of the posterodorsal margin. (E–F) Cardinal and posterodorsal portion of left valve internal mould shell showing posterior adductor muscle scar with distinct notch on anteroventral margin and posterior pedal retractor scar. (G) Silicone rubber cast of (E–F) showing small and elongated groove, possibly ligament groove. (H–P) Pseudotrapezium aff. groenlandicum (Spath, 1936). (H) Lateral view of the shell showing the outline and carina. (I–J) Anterior and posterior views of articulated specimen with most of the shell preserved. (K) Dorsal view showing flattened posterior area, two carinae and very thin shell. (L–M) Anterior view of articulated specimen with some preserved shell, showing deep and small lunule and rounded anterior adductor muscle scar. (N–O) Oblique posterior view showing weak pallial line and weakly impressed posterior adductor muscle scar. (P) Right valve dentition and large hinge plate. (A–D) PMO 217.540, (E–G) PMO 217.175, (H–K) PMO 226.632, (L–M) PMO 226.633, (N–O) PMO 226.635, (P) JUE no. 15926. Scale bars 10 mm (A–G), 5 mm (H–P)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228109/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figure 16 H–P</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F31E30D04E6FD3BFC442BE1" blockId="40.[151,1004,670,754]" box="[151,1004,670,692]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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1936 aff.
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<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D0489FD3BFDEE2BE1" authority="Hryniewicz & Little & Nakrem, 2014" authorityName="Hryniewicz & Little & Nakrem" authorityYear="2014" box="[248,582,670,692]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pseudotrapezium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="groenlandicum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D0489FD3BFDEE2BE1" box="[248,582,670,692]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="03DFCD329F31E30D063CFD3AFD332BE1" box="[589,667,671,692]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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—Spath, p. 125, pl. 49, fig. 7a–c.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F31E30D04E6FD18FC2D2B86" blockId="40.[151,1004,670,754]" box="[151,901,701,723]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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? 1982 aff.
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<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D057BFD18FD7F2B86" authority="(Spath)" baseAuthorityName="Spath" box="[266,727,701,723]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Hartwellia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="groenlandica" subGenus="Hartwellia">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D057BFD18FED02B86" box="[266,376,701,723]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Hartwellia</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D05F7FD18FE5C2B86" box="[390,500,701,723]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Hartwellia</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D0672FD18FD212B86" box="[515,649,701,723]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">groenlandica</emphasis>
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(Spath)
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</taxonomicName>
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—Fürsich, p. 89.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F31E30D04E6FD79FDC62BA7" blockId="40.[151,1004,670,754]" box="[151,622,732,754]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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2011 Arcticid—Hammer
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D05EBFD79FE6F2BA7" box="[410,455,732,754]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al</emphasis>
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., fig.
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<quantity id="ED6001BE9F31E30D0673FD79FD8C2BA4" box="[514,548,732,753]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="7.0">7m</quantity>
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, tab. 2.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6282FFD09F31E30D04E6FCBBFDA52A0E" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F31E30D04E6FCBBFDA52A0E" blockId="40.[151,1437,798,1614]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D04E6FCBBFE202A62" bold="true" box="[151,392,798,823]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="3C9E67D29F31E30D05E7FCBBFDEE2A62" box="[406,582,798,823]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="generic">820 specimens</specimenCount>
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, mostly articulated or semi-articulated shells and internal moulds. See Appendix 1 for list of specimens.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6282FFD09F31E30D04B4FCC3FD4C2DB2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F31E30D04B4FCC3FE9D2AF6" blockId="40.[151,1437,798,1614]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D04B4FCC3FEFF2A2A" bold="true" box="[197,343,870,895]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Dimensions.</emphasis>
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<quantity id="ED6001BE9F31E30D052CFCC3FE7E2A2B" box="[349,470,870,895]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">12–15 mm</quantity>
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in length,
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<quantity id="ED6001BE9F31E30D063CFCC3FD642A2B" box="[589,716,870,895]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.98" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="10.4" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="9.8">9.8–11 mm</quantity>
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in height,
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<quantity id="ED6001BE9F31E30D0732FCC3FC062A2B" box="[835,942,870,895]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8–10 mm</quantity>
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in width. See
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<figureCitation id="B2A3B0DE9F31E30D003FFCC3FB502A2A" box="[1102,1272,870,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="42.[151,250,1309,1331]" captionTargetBox="[191,1386,193,1286]" captionTargetId="figure-130@42.[191,1386,193,1287]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 18. Measurements of Pseudotrapezium aff. groenlandicum Spath, 1936 (in mm). (A) Height to length, (B) Width to length, (C) Width to height, (D) Length of the posterior to total length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930138" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930138/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figure 18 A–D</figureCitation>
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and Appendix 2L for details.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F31E30D04B4FC0BFD4C2DB2" blockId="40.[151,1437,798,1614]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D04B4FC0BFEFF2A92" bold="true" box="[197,343,942,967]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Description.</emphasis>
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Small, moderately inflated with very thin shell. Beaks prosogyrate, very strongly incurved. Lunule moderately deep. Anterior margin projecting, arcuate, passing into broadly arched ventral margin. Posterior area with two carinae, posteroventral extremity slightly rostrate where intersected by first carina, passing into truncated oblique posterior margin. Second carina weak, parallel to the posterodorsal margin. Posterodorsal margin straight. External ornament composed of very weak commarginal growth lines. Hinge plate large and thick; lateral tooth AI developed, separated from 1; 3a absent. 1 and 3b separated, diverging from umbo; 1 strong and vertical; 3b thick, anterodorsally inclined. Angle between 1 and 3b
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D0755FB22FCEE2DCB" box="[804,838,1159,1182]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">ca.</emphasis>
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70°. Left valve dentition unknown. Anterior adductor muscle scar weak, elongated along pallial line, around twice as long as wide, not detached. Posterior adductor muscle scar weak, rounded. Pallial line weak, entire.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6282FFD09F31E30F04B4FB57FDFD2F57" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F31E30D04B4FB57FF702F1B" blockId="40.[151,1437,798,1614]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D04B4FB57FE912C5E" bold="true" box="[197,313,1266,1291]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Remarks.</emphasis>
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We compare our specimens with
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<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D06CCFB57FB6C2C5E" authority="Spath, 1936" authorityName="Spath" authorityYear="1936" box="[701,1220,1266,1291]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pseudotrapezium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="groenlandicum">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D06CCFB57FB992C5E" box="[701,1073,1266,1291]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Pseudotrapezium groenlandicum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F31E30D004BFB57FB6C2C5E" author="Spath, L. F." box="[1082,1220,1266,1291]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref40440" refString="Spath, L. F. (1936) The Upper Jurassic invertebrate faunas of Cape Leslie, Milne Land. II. Upper Kimmeridgian and Portlandian. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 99, 1 - 180, pls. 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1936">Spath, 1936</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, from Milne Land, East
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<collectingCountry id="528FECCB9F31E30D04BFFAB3FEEB2C7A" box="[206,323,1302,1327]" name="Greenland" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Greenland</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F31E30D0520FAB3FE7B2C7A" author="Spath, L. F." box="[337,467,1302,1327]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref40440" refString="Spath, L. F. (1936) The Upper Jurassic invertebrate faunas of Cape Leslie, Milne Land. II. Upper Kimmeridgian and Portlandian. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 99, 1 - 180, pls. 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1936">Spath 1936</bibRefCitation>
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) due to their thick hinge plate, similar cardinal dentition and external shape. However, the
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<collectingCountry id="528FECCB9F31E30D04B1FA9FFE8C2C06" box="[192,292,1338,1363]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
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specimens are much smaller and more thin shelled than the
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<collectingCountry id="528FECCB9F31E30D07B7FA9FFB932C06" box="[966,1083,1338,1363]" name="Greenland" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Greenland</collectingCountry>
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material, so we are not entirely sure they represent the same species and leave them in open nomenclature.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F31E30D0016FAFBFABF2C22" author="Fursich, F. T." box="[1127,1303,1374,1399]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 126" refId="ref32520" refString="Fursich, F. T. (1982) Upper Jurassic bivalves from Milne Land, East Greenland. GrOnlands Geologiske UndersOgelse, 144, 1 - 126." type="journal article" year="1982">Fürsich (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
moved
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D01F6FAFAFEE82CCE" authorityName="Spath" authorityYear="1936" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pseudotrapezium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="groenlandicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D01F6FAFAFA3D2C23" box="[1415,1429,1375,1398]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D04E6FA27FEE82CCE" box="[151,320,1410,1435]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">groenlandicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D0673FA27FC832CCE" authority="Kitchin, 1926" authorityName="Kitchin" authorityYear="1926" box="[514,811,1410,1435]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Hartwellia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D0673FA27FDD32CCE" box="[514,635,1410,1435]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Hartwellia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F31E30D06F9FA27FC832CCE" author="Kitchin, F. L." box="[648,811,1410,1435]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="433" refId="ref36026" refString="Kitchin, F. L. (1926) A new genus of lamellibranchs (Hartwellia gen. nov.) from the Upper Kimmeridge Clay of England. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10, 433, pl. 19. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932608633540" type="journal article" year="1926">Kitchin, 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and redescribed it as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D0031FA27FB112CCE" authorityName="Kitchin" authorityYear="1926" box="[1088,1209,1410,1435]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Hartwellia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D0031FA27FB112CCE" box="[1088,1209,1410,1435]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Hartwellia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D00B7FA27FA3D2CCE" box="[1222,1429,1410,1435]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Hartwellia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="groenlandica" subGenus="Hartwellia">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D00BEFA26FB4B2CCF" box="[1231,1251,1411,1434]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">H</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D0170FA27FA3D2CCE" box="[1281,1429,1410,1435]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">groenlandica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D04E6FA03FEB92CEA" authorityName="Kitchin" authorityYear="1926" box="[151,273,1446,1471]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Hartwellia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D04E6FA03FEB92CEA" box="[151,273,1446,1471]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Hartwellia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was considered by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F31E30D059AFA03FDC32CEA" author="Cox, L. R." box="[491,619,1446,1471]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="100 - 112" refId="ref30964" refString="Cox, L. R. (1944) On the Jurassic Lamellibranch genera Hartwellia and Pronoella. Geological Magazine, 81, 100 - 112. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0016756800074896" type="journal article" year="1944">Cox (1944)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to be a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D073DFA03FBF42CEA" authority="Fischer, 1887" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1887" box="[844,1116,1446,1471]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pronoella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D073DFA03FC132CEA" box="[844,955,1446,1471]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Pronoella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F31E30D07B3FA03FBF42CEA" author="Fischer, P." box="[962,1116,1446,1471]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1009 - 1140" refId="ref32201" refString="Fischer, P. (1887) Manuel de conchyliologie et de paleontologie conchyliologique ou histoire naturelle des mollusques vivants et fossiles. 10. Classes des pelecypodes. F. Savy, Paris, 1009 - 1140. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13213" type="book chapter" year="1887">Fischer, 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D00A9FA02FA332CEA" authorityName="Spath" authorityYear="1936" box="[1240,1435,1446,1471]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pseudotrapezium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="groenlandicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D00A9FA02FB4E2CEB" box="[1240,1254,1447,1470]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D0082FA03FA332CEA" box="[1267,1435,1446,1471]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">groenlandicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D04BBFA6FFE912CB6" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1887" box="[202,313,1482,1507]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pronoella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D04BBFA6FFE912CB6" box="[202,313,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Pronoella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not justified by the hinge of our
|
||
<collectingCountry id="528FECCB9F31E30D06BBFA6FFC862CB6" box="[714,814,1482,1507]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens. Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D0787FA6FFBCD2CB6" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1887" box="[1014,1125,1482,1507]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pronoella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D0787FA6FFBCD2CB6" box="[1014,1125,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Pronoella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D00ECFA6FFAC82CB6" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1887" box="[1181,1376,1482,1507]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pseudotrapezium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D00ECFA6FFAC82CB6" box="[1181,1376,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Pseudotrapezium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have relatively thick hinge plates and a similar external shape (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F31E30D0737FA4BFC652F52" author="Casey, R." box="[838,973,1518,1543]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="121 - 176" refId="ref30344" refString="Casey, R. (1952) Some genera and subgenera, mainly new, of Mesozoic heterodont Lamellibranchs. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 29, 121 - 176." type="journal article" year="1952">Casey 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but AI and 1 are connected in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D015CFA4BFA342F52" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1887" box="[1325,1436,1518,1543]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pronoella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D015CFA4BFA342F52" box="[1325,1436,1518,1543]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Pronoella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into a single elongate denticle and separated in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D06C3F9B7FB9A2F7E" authority="(Benecke 1905)" baseAuthorityName="Benecke" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[690,1074,1554,1579]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pseudotrapezium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D06C3F9B7FCDD2F7E" box="[690,885,1554,1579]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Pseudotrapezium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F31E30D07F5F9B7FB822F7E" author="Benecke, E. W." box="[900,1066,1554,1579]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 591" refId="ref29807" refString="Benecke, E. W. (1905) Die Versteinerungen der Eisenerzformation von Deutsch-Lothringen und Luxemburg. Abhandlungen der geologischen Spezialkarte von Elsass-Lothringen, neue Folge, 6, 1 - 591, pls. 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1905">Benecke 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, showing the genera are not the same.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="7EE7FCD39F31E30D04E6F93BFA342E8F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228109" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5228109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228109/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[151,250,1694,1716]" targetBox="[161,1417,194,1983]" targetPageId="39">
|
||
<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F31E30D04E6F93BFA342E8F" blockId="40.[151,1437,1694,2010]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D04E6F93BFEB72FE1" bold="true" box="[151,287,1694,1716]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
|
||
(A–G)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D051FF93BFD842FE1" authority="Hryniewicz & Little & Nakrem, 2014" authorityName="Hryniewicz & Little & Nakrem" authorityYear="2014" box="[366,556,1694,1716]" class="Bivalvia" family="Thyasiridae" genus="Cretaxinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hurumi" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D051FF93BFD842FE1" box="[366,556,1694,1716]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Cretaxinus hurumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D0643F93BFD782FE1" bold="true" box="[562,720,1694,1716]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="03DFCD329F31E30D0643F93BFD782FE1" box="[562,720,1694,1716]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(A) Lateral view of left valve of articulated internal mould, showing a distinct, triangular shape. (B–C) Anterior views showing shape and size of lunule and anterior pedal retractor scar. (D) Dorsal view showing shape of the posterodorsal margin. (E–F) Cardinal and posterodorsal portion of left valve internal mould shell showing posterior adductor muscle scar with distinct notch on anteroventral margin and posterior pedal retractor scar. (G) Silicone rubber cast of (E–F) showing small and elongated groove, possibly ligament groove. (H–P)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F31E30D00B0F8B1FE6B2E12" authority="(Spath, 1936)" baseAuthorityName="Spath" baseAuthorityYear="1936" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pseudotrapezium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="groenlandicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D00B0F8B1FAD92E7F" box="[1217,1393,1812,1834]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Pseudotrapezium</emphasis>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F31E30D04E6F894FE872E12" box="[151,303,1841,1863]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">groenlandicum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F31E30D054CF894FE152E12" author="Spath, L. F." box="[317,445,1841,1863]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref40440" refString="Spath, L. F. (1936) The Upper Jurassic invertebrate faunas of Cape Leslie, Milne Land. II. Upper Kimmeridgian and Portlandian. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 99, 1 - 180, pls. 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1936">Spath, 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (H) Lateral view of the shell showing the outline and carina. (I–J) Anterior and posterior views of articulated specimen with most of the shell preserved. (K) Dorsal view showing flattened posterior area, two carinae and very thin shell. (L–M) Anterior view of articulated specimen with some preserved shell, showing deep and small lunule and rounded anterior adductor muscle scar. (N–O) Oblique posterior view showing weak pallial line and weakly impressed posterior adductor muscle scar. (P) Right valve dentition and large hinge plate. (A–D) PMO 217.540, (E–G) PMO 217.175, (H–K) PMO 226.632, (L–M) PMO 226.633, (N–O) PMO 226.635, (P) JUE no. 15926. Scale bars 10 mm (A–G), 5 mm (H–P).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="7EE7FCD39F30E30C04E6FA21FDDB2CED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930136" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4930136" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930136/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" startId="41.[151,250,1412,1434]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1389]" targetPageId="41">
|
||
<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F30E30C04E6FA21FDDB2CED" blockId="41.[151,1436,1412,1464]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C04E6FA21FE892CCF" bold="true" box="[151,289,1412,1434]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F30E30C0595FA21FD0B2CCF" authority="Hryniewicz & Little & Nakrem, 2014" authorityName="Hryniewicz & Little & Nakrem" authorityYear="2014" box="[484,675,1412,1434]" class="Bivalvia" family="Thyasiridae" genus="Cretaxinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lucinida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hurumi" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C0595FA21FD0B2CCF" box="[484,675,1412,1434]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Cretaxinus hurumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C06DDFA21FCF82CCF" bold="true" box="[684,848,1412,1434]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="03DFCD329F30E30C06DDFA21FCF82CCF" box="[684,848,1412,1434]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(in mm). (A) Height to length. (B) Width to length. (C) Width to height. (D) Posterior length to length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F30E30C04B4FA41FC172F13" blockId="41.[151,1437,1508,1966]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C04B4FA41FEFF2CA8" bold="true" box="[197,343,1508,1533]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Occurrence.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C0519FA43FED12CA8" box="[360,377,1510,1533]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">P</emphasis>
|
||
s
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C05F5FA41FD4C2CA8" box="[388,740,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
eudotrapezium
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F30E30C064DFA41FD4C2CA8" baseAuthorityName="Spath" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[572,740,1508,1533]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pseudotrapezium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="groenlandicum">groenlandicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Lower Volgian–Lower Ryazanian of Milne Land, East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="528FECCB9F30E30C04E6F9ACFEA42F77" box="[151,268,1545,1570]" name="Greenland" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F30E30C056CF9ACFE0C2F77" author="Spath, L. F." box="[285,420,1545,1570]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref40440" refString="Spath, L. F. (1936) The Upper Jurassic invertebrate faunas of Cape Leslie, Milne Land. II. Upper Kimmeridgian and Portlandian. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 99, 1 - 180, pls. 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1936">Spath 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F30E30C05C2F9ACFDE42F77" author="Fursich, F. T." box="[435,588,1545,1570]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 126" refId="ref32520" refString="Fursich, F. T. (1982) Upper Jurassic bivalves from Milne Land, East Greenland. GrOnlands Geologiske UndersOgelse, 144, 1 - 126." type="journal article" year="1982">Fürsich 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F30E30C0612F9ACFBA02F77" baseAuthorityName="Spath" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[611,1032,1545,1570]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pseudotrapezium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="groenlandicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C0612F9ACFC8D2F77" box="[611,805,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Pseudotrapezium</emphasis>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C072EF9ACFBA02F77" box="[863,1032,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">groenlandicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: seeps 2, 3, 5, 8, 9 and 12 (Upper Volgian–uppermost Ryazanian), Slottsmøya Member,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="528FECCB9F30E30C0687F988FCF22F13" box="[758,858,1581,1606]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="671A99E09F30E30C0719F988FC062F13" box="[872,942,1581,1606]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,239,798,821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Distribution of discussed species in the Svalbard seeps." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7EE7FCD39F1CE32004E6FCBBFCF62A60" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" tableUuid="7EE7FCD39F1CE32004E6FCBBFCF62A60">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F30E30C04B4F9F4FCB22EFB" blockId="41.[151,1437,1508,1966]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C04B4F9F4FEDB2F3F" bold="true" box="[197,371,1617,1642]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Palaeoecology.</emphasis>
|
||
We assume that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F30E30C0643F9F7FC8C2F3F" baseAuthorityName="Spath" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[562,804,1617,1642]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pseudotrapezium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="groenlandicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C0643F9F7FDE82F3C" box="[562,576,1618,1641]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">P</emphasis>
|
||
. aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C060DF9F4FC8C2F3F" box="[636,804,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">groenlandicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was a burrower, feeding on organic-rich sediment layer while resting in the shallow subsurface. The lack of a pallial sinus suggests that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F30E30C0041F9D3FA8C2FDB" baseAuthorityName="Spath" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[1072,1316,1653,1678]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pseudotrapezium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="groenlandicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C0041F9D3FB962FD8" box="[1072,1086,1654,1677]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">P</emphasis>
|
||
. aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C000DF9D0FA8C2FDB" box="[1148,1316,1653,1678]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">groenlandicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possessed very short siphons, similar to its extant relative
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C06D9F93CFCCF2FE7" box="[680,871,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Arctica islandica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F30E30C0704F93CFB8F2FE7" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[885,1063,1689,1714]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="533 - 1327" refId="ref36873" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1767) Systema Naturae. Editio duodecima. 1. Part 2. Regnum Animale. Laurentius Salvius, Holmiae, 533 - 1327." type="book chapter" year="1767">Linnaeus, 1767</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C004BF93CFB512FE7" box="[1082,1273,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Arctica islandica</emphasis>
|
||
has very short siphons and positions its posterior extremity at the sediment-water interface for feeding on organic matter from the sediment surface (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F30E30C0512F944FE542FAF" author="Morton, B." box="[355,508,1761,1786]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refId="ref37458" refString="Morton, B. (2011) The biology and functional morphology of Arctica islandica (Bivalvia: Arcticidae) - A gerontophilic living fossil. Marine Biology Research, 7, 540 - 533. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 17451000.2010.535833" type="book" year="2011">Morton 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). As it does so it remains relatively motionless, circulating water only by means of ciliary movement (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F30E30C051BF8A0FDF62E4B" author="Brand, A. R. & Taylor, A. C." box="[362,606,1797,1822]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref30173" refString="Brand, A. R. & Taylor, A. C. (1974) Pumping activity of Arctica islandica (L.) and some other common bivalves. Marine Behavior and Physiology, 3, 1 - 15. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 10236247409378492" type="journal article" year="1974">Brand & Taylor 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It can rebury itself into deeper sediment layers, where it remains isolated from seawater for up to seven days when it is not feeding, and respires anaerobically (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F30E30C002BF88CFB402E17" author="Taylor, A. C." box="[1114,1256,1833,1858]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="95 - 106" refId="ref40995" refString="Taylor, A. C. (1976) Burrowing behaviour and anaerobosis in the bivalve Arctica islandica. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 56, 95 - 106. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315400020464" type="journal article" year="1976">Taylor 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The clustering of very large numbers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F30E30C05C4F8EBFD0E2E33" baseAuthorityName="Spath" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[437,678,1869,1894]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pseudotrapezium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="groenlandicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C05C4F8EBFE6B2E30" box="[437,451,1870,1893]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">P</emphasis>
|
||
. aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C058FF8E8FD0E2E33" box="[510,678,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">groenlandicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens in seep 9 is difficult to explain. No association between arcticids and chemosymbiotic bacteria has been noted to date, so we do not envisage any specific trophic link between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F30E30C048AF833FE452EFB" baseAuthorityName="Spath" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[251,493,1941,1966]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pseudotrapezium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="groenlandicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C048AF833FEA12EF8" box="[251,265,1942,1965]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">P</emphasis>
|
||
. aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F30E30C0535F830FE452EFB" box="[324,493,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">groenlandicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the seep environment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="7EE7FCD39F33E30F04E6FAB8FCCA2C07" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930138" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4930138" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930138/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" startId="42.[151,250,1309,1331]" targetBox="[191,1386,193,1286]" targetPageId="42">
|
||
<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F33E30F04E6FAB8FCCA2C07" blockId="42.[151,1436,1309,1362]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F33E30F04E6FAB8FE882C66" bold="true" box="[151,288,1309,1331]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F33E30F05ACFAB8FC7E2C66" authority="Spath, 1936" authorityName="Spath" authorityYear="1936" box="[477,982,1309,1331]" class="Bivalvia" family="Arcticidae" genus="Pseudotrapezium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Venerida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="groenlandicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F33E30F05ACFAB8FD252C66" box="[477,653,1309,1331]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Pseudotrapezium</emphasis>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F33E30F06CCFAB8FCFD2C66" box="[701,853,1309,1331]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">groenlandicum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F33E30F072DFAB8FC7E2C66" author="Spath, L. F." box="[860,982,1309,1331]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref40440" refString="Spath, L. F. (1936) The Upper Jurassic invertebrate faunas of Cape Leslie, Milne Land. II. Upper Kimmeridgian and Portlandian. Meddelelser om GrOnland, 99, 1 - 180, pls. 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1936">Spath, 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in mm). (A) Height to length, (B) Width to length, (C) Width to height, (D) Length of the posterior to total length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F33E30F04E6FA06FDC12CE8" blockId="42.[151,617,1443,1469]" box="[151,617,1443,1469]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F33E30F04E6FA06FDC12CE8" bold="true" box="[151,617,1443,1469]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Subclass
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F33E30F057BFA06FDC12CE8" authority="Dall, 1889" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1889" box="[266,617,1443,1469]" class="Bivalvia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anomalodesmata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="order">
|
||
Anomalodesmata
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F33E30F059AFA06FDC12CE8" author="Dall, W. H." box="[491,617,1443,1469]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="445 - 461" refId="ref31127" refString="Dall, W. H. (1889) On the hinge of pelecypods and its development, with an attempt toward a better subdivision of the group. American Journal of Science, 38, 445 - 461. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2475 / ajs. s 3 - 38.228.445" type="journal article" year="1889">Dall, 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F33E30F04E6FA4DFDFD2F57" blockId="42.[151,597,1512,1538]" box="[151,597,1512,1538]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F33E30F04E6FA4DFDFD2F57" bold="true" box="[151,597,1512,1538]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Order
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F33E30F049DFA4DFDFD2F57" authority="Newell, 1965" authorityName="Newell" authorityYear="1965" box="[236,597,1512,1538]" class="Bivalvia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pholadomyoida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Mollusca" rank="order">
|
||
Pholadomyoida
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F33E30F05C6FA4DFDFD2F57" author="Newell, N. D." box="[439,597,1512,1538]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref37681" refString="Newell, N. D. (1965) Classification of the Bivalvia. American Museum Novitates, 2206, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1965">Newell, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |