359 lines
48 KiB
XML
359 lines
48 KiB
XML
<document id="23A85FDA4C2D34C61332386C81707A25" ID-CLB-Dataset="4900" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3859.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d866af6f-cbcd-47f4-a4f3-1499c1789ae3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4930112" ID-ZooBank="24FCAAE1-AB7C-4FAD-8698-D0C9F12400EC" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623442093486" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Hryniewicz, Krzysztof, Little, Crispin T. S. & Nakrem, Hans Arne" docDate="2014" docId="A2311D4D9F02E33904E6F884FC952EDB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03859p066.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3859 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Pseudolimea arctica" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="5E0865359F19E3250471FFA5FFA82955" masterDocTitle="Bivalves from the latest Jurassic-earliest Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep carbonates from central Spitsbergen, Svalbard" masterLastPageNumber="66" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1699013068164" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="9DD662D9D7B13B73211AA8169CD5B52A">Bivalves from the latest Jurassic-earliest Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep carbonates from central Spitsbergen, Svalbard</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="BE2BDEC59F3EAD598F8FA15D156BA5DA" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="094EA2E43737A4A1A40D0E5F99B500B7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="74C4820606147BFC2CB1E832E2AF9B81">Hryniewicz, Krzysztof</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="54334E69A102E6AC408DA58A1BC49E18" type="email">krzysztof.hryniewicz@nhm.uio.no</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="BFC7F0C7C381FA14B526AC3AD9FE10CB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="CB2E93F32D4EBCA2B8900B18E38E632F">Little, Crispin T. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9DA56B46D127D84600DB90095B43465A" type="email">earctsl@leeds.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="0695ECBC21DA2081DE7DE6AF2A9413A0">Nakrem, Hans Arne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F2A18C4AC371DA29ED7BA533EC702224" type="email">krzysztof.hryniewicz@nhm.uio.no</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8BC3A0EC3A3F7C62A09CC88903C703AD">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="ED6186B123060AAADDD2DB4095A18C23">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C6B414A5A9A353AA5B35B0BCA625066B">
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<mods:date id="1D000CABF3987A5B02698ED0C1B5C4DC">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BC08290D94D218EF742294C58ABDD265">2014-09-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="670A376FCC65B7A45C52C89B7975DC3B">3859</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A76E29AD9F8DBE7AEE8B89ABD37E8A9C">1</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="B5C1B78936F7A5656DBAEEED7A037F69" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3859.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="64A597DAC9F477CDED9F1751B9373A70" type="GBIF-Dataset">d866af6f-cbcd-47f4-a4f3-1499c1789ae3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="941A06C8ECEF44CF7C9638E0E59D9137" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8E3E58B0CF3917E88034801DCB4C161B" type="Zenodo-Dep">4930112</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A2311D4D9F02E33904E6F884FC952EDB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228257" ID-GBIF-Taxon="184646063" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5228257" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2311D4D9F02E33904E6F884FC952EDB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A2311D4D9F02E33904E6F884FC952EDB" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<subSubSection id="6282FFD09F02E33E04E6F884FDC12E6E" box="[151,617,1825,1851]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F02E33E04E6F884FDC12E6E" blockId="27.[151,617,1825,1885]" box="[151,617,1825,1851]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<heading id="716F1B379F02E33E04E6F884FDC12E6E" bold="true" box="[151,617,1825,1851]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F02E33E04E6F884FDC12E6E" authority="(Zakharov, 1966)" baseAuthorityName="Zakharov" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[151,617,1825,1851]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arctica">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F02E33E04E6F884FDC12E6E" bold="true" box="[151,617,1825,1851]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F02E33E04E6F884FE242E6E" bold="true" box="[151,396,1825,1851]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Pseudolimea arctica</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F02E33E05EAF884FDC92E6E" author="Zakharov, V. A." box="[411,609,1825,1851]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref42879" refString="Zakharov, V. A. (1966) Late Jurassic to early Cretaceous bivalve mollusks of northern Siberia. Nauka, Moscow, 189 pp, 38 pls. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1966">Zakharov, 1966</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6282FFD09F02E33904E6F8E1FD1129FB" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F02E33E04E6F8E1FEE52E08" blockId="27.[151,617,1825,1885]" box="[151,333,1860,1885]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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(
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<figureCitation id="B2A3B0DE9F02E33E04EFF8E1FEED2E08" box="[158,325,1860,1885]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1156,1178]" captionTargetId="figure-22@23.[177,1424,193,1980]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 10. (A–B) Pectinida gen. et. sp. indet. (A) Cross section of an articulated specimen. (B) Internal mould of the upper valve. Note possible adductor muscle scar and a line close to the dorsal margin, representing a possible dorsal furrow. (C–G) Oxytoma octavia (d’Orbigny, 1850). (C) Lateral view of a small left valve internal mould with fragments of the shell preserved showing weak radial ornament. (D) Enlarged view of anterodorsal portion area showing weak byssal notch. (E) Lateral view of a large left valve showing well developed radial ornament composed of primary and secondary ribs. (F) Lateral view of a right valve; lack of ornament is caused by shell delamination. Note very weak posterior sulcus and flattening of the valve. Probable shape of auricle is shown with dashed line (evidence from other partial specimens). (G) Plasticine cast of right valve external mould. Note radial ornament composed of primary and secondary ribs. (H–K) Camptonectes (Costicamptonectes) aff. milnelandensis Fürsich, 1982. (H–I) Right valve internal mould with shell partially preserved showing some divaricating ornament preserved close to the posterior shell margin. (J–K) External mould of right valve of a specimen from the Dorsoplanites bed, showing radial ribs close to the anterior shell margin and divaricating ornament preserved close to the posterior shell margin. (L–O) Camptonectes (Camptochlamys) clathratus (Roemer, 1836). (L–M) Lateral view of poorly preserved left valve showing cancellate external ornament in ventral margin. (N–O) Lateral view of a disarticulated and compressed shell from the Dorsoplanites bed showing cancellate ornament. Note distinct anterior auricle in the right valve. (P–R) Pseudolimea arctica (Zakharov, 1966). (P) Lateral view of left valve internal mould with some shell preserved around the ventral margin, with V-shaped ribs on the outer shell surface and corresponding rounded ribs on the internal mould. (Q) Lateral view of right valve, with anterior and posterior auricles and lack of secondary ribs caused by shell delamination. (R) Silicone rubber cast of small area of shell surface showing detail of external ornament, with large primary ribs and smaller secondary riblets in the interrib spaces. (A) PMO 226.609, (B) PMO 226.610, (C–D) PMO 217.562, (E) PMO 217.555, (F) PMO 217.214, (G) PMO 217.570, (H–I) PMO 226.606, (J–K) PMO 226.604, (L–M) PMO 226.605, (N–O) PMO 226.603, (P) PMO 217.194, (Q) PMO 217.353, (R) PMO 217.370. Scale bars 5 mm (A–I), 10 mm (J–R)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5228099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5228099/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figure 10 P–R</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F02E33E04E6F829FC2C2EF7" blockId="27.[151,960,1932,2015]" box="[151,900,1932,1954]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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1966
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<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F02E33E04A1F829FE432EF4" box="[208,491,1932,1954]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Lima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arctica" subGenus="Pseudolimea">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F02E33E04A1F829FEAC2EF4" box="[208,260,1932,1953]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Lima</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F02E33E0562F829FE3E2EF7" box="[275,406,1932,1954]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Pseudolimea</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F02E33E05D5F829FE432EF4" box="[420,491,1932,1953]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">arctica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.—Zakharov, p. 62, pl. 16, figs. 6–11.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F02E33E04E6F80FFC682E95" blockId="27.[151,960,1932,2015]" box="[151,960,1962,1984]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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1966
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<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F02E33E04A1F80FFD912E95" authority="Orbigny" authorityName="Orbigny" box="[208,569,1962,1984]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parallela">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F02E33E04A1F80FFEFB2E95" box="[208,339,1962,1984]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Pseudolimea</emphasis>
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aff.
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F02E33E05F0F80FFE762E95" box="[385,478,1962,1984]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">parallela</emphasis>
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Orbigny
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</taxonomicName>
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[sic]—Zakharov, p. 64, pl. 16, fig. 12.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F02E33E04E6F86CFCE32E8A" blockId="27.[151,960,1932,2015]" box="[151,843,1993,2015]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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1982
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<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F02E33E04A1F86CFD902E8A" authority="(Zakharov)" baseAuthorityName="Zakharov" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[208,568,1993,2015]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arctica">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F02E33E04A1F86CFEFB2E8A" box="[208,339,1993,2015]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Pseudolimea</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F02E33E0508F86FFE682E8A" box="[377,448,1994,2015]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">arctica</emphasis>
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(Zakharov)
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</taxonomicName>
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—Fürsich, p. 61, fig. 25 A.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F05E33904E6FF3DFD1129FB" blockId="28.[151,697,152,174]" box="[151,697,152,174]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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2011
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<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E33904BEFF3DFED929F8" box="[207,369,152,174]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33904BEFF3DFEFA29FB" box="[207,338,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pseudolimea</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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—Hammer
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E339059CFF3CFD8829FB" box="[493,544,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
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, fig. 7k, tab. 2.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6282FFD09F05E33904E6FF7FFEBB2842" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F05E33904E6FF7FFEBB2842" blockId="28.[151,1437,218,1935]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33904E6FF7FFE2B29A6" bold="true" box="[151,387,218,243]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="3C9E67D29F05E33905FDFF7FFD8129A6" box="[396,553,218,243]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">18 specimens</specimenCount>
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, all single valves; shells and internal moulds. See Appendix 1 for the list of specimens.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6282FFD09F05E33904B4FE87FA2A286E" box="[197,1410,290,315]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F05E33904B4FE87FA2A286E" blockId="28.[151,1437,218,1935]" box="[197,1410,290,315]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33904B4FE87FEFF286E" bold="true" box="[197,343,290,315]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Dimensions.</emphasis>
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<quantity id="ED6001BE9F05E339052CFE87FE43286F" box="[349,491,290,315]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.605" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="1.81" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="26.05" valueMax="34.0" valueMin="18.1">18.1–34 mm</quantity>
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in length,
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<quantity id="ED6001BE9F05E3390612FE87FD59286F" box="[611,753,290,315]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.375" metricValueMax="3.15" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="23.75" valueMax="31.5" valueMin="16.0">16–31.5 mm</quantity>
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in height. See
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<figureCitation id="B2A3B0DE9F05E33907E9FE87FBE8286E" box="[920,1088,290,315]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1288,1310]" captionTargetBox="[175,1417,204,1263]" captionTargetId="figure-212@29.[173,1417,191,1266]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 12. Measurements of Pseudolimea arctica (Zakharov, 1966) from Svalbard seep sites, and associated species from Greenland, Europe and Siberia (in mm). Full circles represent P. arctica from Slottsmøya Member, Svalbard, crosses represent Lima (Pseudolimea) arctica from Kimmeridgian of Siberia (Zakharov 1966), open square represent P. cf. arctica from East Greenland (Fürsich 1982), asterisks represent Lima (Mantellum) parallela from Aptian–Albian of England (Woods 1904), x represents L. (P.) aff. parallela from Upper Ryazanian of Siberia (Zakharov 1966), open circles represent P. multicostata from Lower Cretaceous of eastern England (Kelly 1984). (A) Height to length. (B) Height to length (elevation) to length. (C) Height to length (elevation) to number of ribs. The grey belt represents the area presumably occupied by specimens of L. (M.) parallela from England (Woods 1904). The number of ribs for these specimens is not available." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930132/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figure 12 A–C</figureCitation>
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and Appendix 2I for details.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6282FFD09F05E33904B4FEE3FC3428D6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F05E33904B4FEE3FC3428D6" blockId="28.[151,1437,218,1935]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33904B4FEE3FE97280A" bold="true" box="[197,319,326,351]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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A
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<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E339051AFEE3FE54280A" box="[363,508,326,351]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E339051AFEE3FE54280A" box="[363,508,326,351]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pseudolimea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with up to 35 radial, v-shaped primary ribs with weaker ribs on anterior and posterior parts of the shell. Inter-rib spaces with single smaller riblet.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6282FFD09F05E33904B4FE2BFE752A02" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F05E33904B4FE2BFE752A02" blockId="28.[151,1437,218,1935]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33904B4FE2BFEFF28F2" bold="true" box="[197,343,398,423]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Description.</emphasis>
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Shell small to medium, up to
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<quantity id="ED6001BE9F05E33906ACFE2BFC9C28F3" box="[733,820,398,423]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="34.0">34 mm</quantity>
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long and
|
||
<quantity id="ED6001BE9F05E33907CBFE2BFB8D28F3" box="[954,1061,398,423]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="31.5">31.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
high. Shell oval, inequilateral, posteroventrally elongated, triangular, with umbonal angle around 90°. Anterodorsal margin weakly convex, passing abruptly into broadly arcuate ventral margin. Posteroventral margin tightly arcuate, passing gently into straight and long posterodorsal margin. Posterodorsal margin about twice length of anterodorsal margin. Hinge line straight, around quarter shell length, with smaller anterior and larger posterior auricles not projecting beyond shell outline. Umbo small, weakly prosogyrate beak projecting beyond hinge line. Shell ornament of 24–35 v-shaped primary ribs with intercalated weaker secondary riblets in interspaces. Radial ornament dissected by weak, commarginal growth lines visible on outer shell surface only. Internal moulds show only rounded primary ribs. Ribs start on umbo, getting progressively stronger towards ventral margin; strongest on shell mid-flank, becoming weaker close to anterior and posterior shell margins. Ribs fade and then disappear on shell anterior where ventral curvature bends up towards anterodorsal margin; on posterior margin ribs disappear where posteroventral curvature passes into straight posterodorsal shell margin. Dorsal margins and auricles ornamented by concentric growth lines only. Dentition not observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6282FFD09F05E33904B4FCC7FC952EDB" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F05E33904B4FCC7FE0A2C7F" blockId="28.[151,1437,218,1935]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33904B4FCC7FE912A2E" bold="true" box="[197,313,866,891]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
We include this species in the Siberian Kimmeridgian–Volgian taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E33900DDFCC7FEF32ACA" authority="(Zakharov, 1966)" baseAuthorityName="Zakharov" baseAuthorityYear="1966" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33900DDFCC7FA332A2F" box="[1196,1435,866,891]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pseudolimea arctica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E33904EFFC23FEFB2ACA" author="Zakharov, V. A." box="[158,339,902,927]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref42879" refString="Zakharov, V. A. (1966) Late Jurassic to early Cretaceous bivalve mollusks of northern Siberia. Nauka, Moscow, 189 pp, 38 pls. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1966">Zakharov, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on its external shell proportions and the number of ribs. Comparison of shell measurments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B2A3B0DE9F05E33904EEFC0FFE852A96" box="[159,301,938,963]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1288,1310]" captionTargetBox="[175,1417,204,1263]" captionTargetId="figure-212@29.[173,1417,191,1266]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 12. Measurements of Pseudolimea arctica (Zakharov, 1966) from Svalbard seep sites, and associated species from Greenland, Europe and Siberia (in mm). Full circles represent P. arctica from Slottsmøya Member, Svalbard, crosses represent Lima (Pseudolimea) arctica from Kimmeridgian of Siberia (Zakharov 1966), open square represent P. cf. arctica from East Greenland (Fürsich 1982), asterisks represent Lima (Mantellum) parallela from Aptian–Albian of England (Woods 1904), x represents L. (P.) aff. parallela from Upper Ryazanian of Siberia (Zakharov 1966), open circles represent P. multicostata from Lower Cretaceous of eastern England (Kelly 1984). (A) Height to length. (B) Height to length (elevation) to length. (C) Height to length (elevation) to number of ribs. The grey belt represents the area presumably occupied by specimens of L. (M.) parallela from England (Woods 1904). The number of ribs for these specimens is not available." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930132/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 12 A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
) shows that the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="528FECCB9F05E3390595FC0FFDE02A96" box="[484,584,938,963]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E339063FFC0FFD772A96" box="[590,735,938,963]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E339063FFC0FFD772A96" box="[590,735,938,963]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pseudolimea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E33907E0FC0EFC532A97" baseAuthorityName="Zakharov" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[913,1019,939,962]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33907E0FC0EFC532A97" box="[913,1019,939,962]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. arctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have an almost identical shell shape. The
|
||
<collectingCountry id="528FECCB9F05E33904B8FC6BFE852AB2" box="[201,301,974,999]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens are more densely ribbed than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E339068DFC6AFB9A2AB2" authority="(Zakharov, 1966)" baseAuthorityName="Zakharov" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[764,1074,974,999]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E339068DFC6AFCA22AB3" box="[764,778,975,998]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E3390769FC6AFCCE2AB3" box="[792,870,975,998]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">arctica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E3390704FC6BFB822AB2" author="Zakharov, V. A." box="[885,1066,974,999]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref42879" refString="Zakharov, V. A. (1966) Late Jurassic to early Cretaceous bivalve mollusks of northern Siberia. Nauka, Moscow, 189 pp, 38 pls. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1966">Zakharov, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, more sparsely ribbed
|
||
<collectingCountry id="528FECCB9F05E33904E6FC57FF532D5E" box="[151,251,1010,1035]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens form a morphological continuity with the densely ribbed specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E33900E3FC56FB532D5F" baseAuthorityName="Zakharov" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1170,1275,1011,1034]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33900E3FC56FB082D5F" box="[1170,1184,1011,1034]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33900DCFC56FB532D5F" box="[1197,1275,1011,1034]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">arctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, so there is no reason to separate them on rib number. Coarsely ribbed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E339076BFBB2FC2D2D7B" baseAuthorityName="Zakharov" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[794,901,1047,1070]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E339076BFBB2FC802D7B" box="[794,808,1047,1070]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E3390746FBB2FC2D2D7B" box="[823,901,1047,1070]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">arctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens from Siberia overlap in rib number with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E33904A0FB9EFDB52D06" authority="Fursich, 1982" authorityName="Fursich" authorityYear="1982" box="[209,541,1082,1107]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multicostata">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33904A0FB9EFED02D06" box="[209,376,1082,1107]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. multicostata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E339050EFB9FFDB52D06" author="Fursich, F. T." box="[383,541,1082,1107]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 126" refId="ref32520" refString="Fursich, F. T. (1982) Upper Jurassic bivalves from Milne Land, East Greenland. GrOnlands Geologiske UndersOgelse, 144, 1 - 126." type="journal article" year="1982">Fürsich, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="528FECCB9F05E3390619FB9FFD602D06" box="[616,712,1082,1107]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">England</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="528FECCB9F05E33906A5FB9FFCE12D06" box="[724,841,1082,1107]" name="Greenland" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Siberia (Tab. 10,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E3390034FB9FFB5D2D06" author="Zakharov, V. A." box="[1093,1269,1082,1107]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref42879" refString="Zakharov, V. A. (1966) Late Jurassic to early Cretaceous bivalve mollusks of northern Siberia. Nauka, Moscow, 189 pp, 38 pls. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1966">Zakharov 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E3390171FB9FFA3F2D06" author="Fursich, F. T." box="[1280,1431,1082,1107]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 126" refId="ref32520" refString="Fursich, F. T. (1982) Upper Jurassic bivalves from Milne Land, East Greenland. GrOnlands Geologiske UndersOgelse, 144, 1 - 126." type="journal article" year="1982">Fürsich 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E33904E6FBFBFEBD2D22" author="Kelly, S. R. A." box="[151,277,1118,1143]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref35340" refString="Kelly, S. R. A. (1984) Bivalvia of the Spilsby Sandstone and the Sandringham Sands (Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous) of Eastern England. Part 1. Palaeontographical Society Monographs, 137, 1 - 94, pls. 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="1984">Kelly 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E33905FFFBFAFC0D2D22" authority="(J. Sowerby, 1812)" baseAuthorityName="J. Sowerby" baseAuthorityYear="1812" box="[398,933,1118,1143]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Lima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parallela" subGenus="Mantellum">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33905FFFBFAFE602D23" box="[398,456,1119,1142]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Lima</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33905A8FBFBFDFA2D22" box="[473,594,1118,1143]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Mantellum</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E3390612FBFBFD622D22" box="[611,714,1118,1143]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">parallela</emphasis>
|
||
(J.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E3390685FBFBFC352D22" author="Sowerby, J." box="[756,925,1118,1143]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="9 - 32" refId="ref40053" refString="Sowerby, J. (1812) The Mineral Conchology of Great Britain 1 (1), J. Sowerby, London, i - vii, 9 - 32, pls. 1 - 9. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14408" type="journal article" year="1812">Sowerby, 1812</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Aptian–Albian of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="528FECCB9F05E3390090FBFBFA962D22" box="[1249,1342,1118,1143]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">England</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E339013CFBFBFF7B2DCE" author="Woods, H." pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref42738" refString="Woods, H. (1904) A monograph of the Cretaceous Lamellibranchia. Vol. II. Palaeontographical Society Monographs, 58, 1 - 56, pls. 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1904">Woods 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which has no more than 23 ribs. However, both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E3390777FB26FC062DCE" authorityName="Fursich" authorityYear="1982" box="[774,942,1154,1179]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multicostata">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E3390777FB26FCBC2DCF" box="[774,788,1155,1178]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E3390752FB27FC062DCE" box="[803,942,1154,1179]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">multicostata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E3390794FB26FBC02DCE" baseAuthorityName="J. Sowerby" baseAuthorityYear="1812" box="[997,1128,1154,1179]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Lima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parallela">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E3390794FB26FC5B2DCF" box="[997,1011,1155,1178]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E3390070FB27FBC02DCE" box="[1025,1128,1154,1179]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">parallela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are more elongated than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E33901F6FB26FF4D2DEB" baseAuthorityName="Zakharov" baseAuthorityYear="1966" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33901F6FB26FA3D2DCF" box="[1415,1429,1155,1178]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33904E6FB02FF4D2DEB" box="[151,229,1191,1214]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">arctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Siberia and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="528FECCB9F05E33905CDFB03FD882DEA" box="[444,544,1190,1215]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B2A3B0DE9F05E3390643FB03FD612DEA" box="[562,713,1190,1215]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1288,1310]" captionTargetBox="[175,1417,204,1263]" captionTargetId="figure-212@29.[173,1417,191,1266]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 12. Measurements of Pseudolimea arctica (Zakharov, 1966) from Svalbard seep sites, and associated species from Greenland, Europe and Siberia (in mm). Full circles represent P. arctica from Slottsmøya Member, Svalbard, crosses represent Lima (Pseudolimea) arctica from Kimmeridgian of Siberia (Zakharov 1966), open square represent P. cf. arctica from East Greenland (Fürsich 1982), asterisks represent Lima (Mantellum) parallela from Aptian–Albian of England (Woods 1904), x represents L. (P.) aff. parallela from Upper Ryazanian of Siberia (Zakharov 1966), open circles represent P. multicostata from Lower Cretaceous of eastern England (Kelly 1984). (A) Height to length. (B) Height to length (elevation) to length. (C) Height to length (elevation) to number of ribs. The grey belt represents the area presumably occupied by specimens of L. (M.) parallela from England (Woods 1904). The number of ribs for these specimens is not available." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930132/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 12 B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Interestingly,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E339070DFB02FF702DB6" authority="(J. Sowerby, 1812)" baseAuthorityName="J. Sowerby" baseAuthorityYear="1812" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Lima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parallela" subGenus="Pseudolimea">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E339070DFB02FC1E2DEB" box="[892,950,1191,1214]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Lima</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33907B8FB03FBF22DEA" box="[969,1114,1190,1215]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pseudolimea</emphasis>
|
||
) aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33900ECFB03FAAC2DEA" box="[1181,1284,1190,1215]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">parallela</emphasis>
|
||
(J.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E3390142FB03FF782DB6" author="Sowerby, J." pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="9 - 32" refId="ref40053" refString="Sowerby, J. (1812) The Mineral Conchology of Great Britain 1 (1), J. Sowerby, London, i - vii, 9 - 32, pls. 1 - 9. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14408" type="journal article" year="1812">Sowerby, 1812</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E3390494FB6EFEA72DB7" box="[229,271,1227,1250]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">non</emphasis>
|
||
(d’Orbigny), from the upper Ryazanian of Siberia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E339070FFB6FFB992DB6" author="Zakharov, V. A." box="[894,1073,1226,1251]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref42879" refString="Zakharov, V. A. (1966) Late Jurassic to early Cretaceous bivalve mollusks of northern Siberia. Nauka, Moscow, 189 pp, 38 pls. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1966">Zakharov 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) has 27 ribs and similar shell proportions to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E339054AFB4AFE0F2C53" baseAuthorityName="Zakharov" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[315,423,1263,1286]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E339054AFB4AFEE12C53" box="[315,329,1263,1286]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E3390527FB4AFE0F2C53" box="[342,423,1263,1286]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">arctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33905D6FB4AFE032C53" box="[423,427,1263,1286]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">,</emphasis>
|
||
but not to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E3390652FB4AFD0D2C52" baseAuthorityName="J. Sowerby" baseAuthorityYear="1812" box="[547,677,1262,1287]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Lima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parallela">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E3390652FB4AFD992C53" box="[547,561,1263,1286]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E339064FFB4BFD0D2C52" box="[574,677,1262,1287]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">parallela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as shown by the data of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E33907C6FB4BFBFF2C52" author="Woods, H." box="[951,1111,1262,1287]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref42738" refString="Woods, H. (1904) A monograph of the Cretaceous Lamellibranchia. Vol. II. Palaeontographical Society Monographs, 58, 1 - 56, pls. 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1904">Woods (1904)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and should therefore also be included into
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E3390540FAB6FE332C7F" baseAuthorityName="Zakharov" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[305,411,1299,1322]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E3390540FAB6FE972C7F" box="[305,319,1299,1322]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E339053CFAB6FE332C7F" box="[333,411,1299,1322]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">arctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F05E33904B4FA93FE172CC2" blockId="28.[151,1437,218,1935]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33904B4FA93FEFF2C1A" bold="true" box="[197,343,1334,1359]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Occurrence.</emphasis>
|
||
Seep 9 (uppermost Ryazanian), Slottsmøya Member,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="528FECCB9F05E33907A3FA93FB9E2C1A" box="[978,1078,1334,1359]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="671A99E09F05E3390038FA93FB3B2C1A" box="[1097,1171,1334,1359]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,239,798,821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Distribution of discussed species in the Svalbard seeps." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7EE7FCD39F1CE32004E6FCBBFCF62A60" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" tableUuid="7EE7FCD39F1CE32004E6FCBBFCF62A60">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). It also occurs in the Kimmeridgian, Volgian and possibly also the Upper Ryazanian of Siberia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E3390071FAFFFB192C26" author="Zakharov, V. A." box="[1024,1201,1370,1395]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref42879" refString="Zakharov, V. A. (1966) Late Jurassic to early Cretaceous bivalve mollusks of northern Siberia. Nauka, Moscow, 189 pp, 38 pls. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1966">Zakharov 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the Volgian of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="528FECCB9F05E33904E6FADBFEA42CC2" box="[151,268,1406,1431]" name="Greenland" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E339056BFADBFE1B2CC2" author="Fursich, F. T." box="[282,435,1406,1431]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 126" refId="ref32520" refString="Fursich, F. T. (1982) Upper Jurassic bivalves from Milne Land, East Greenland. GrOnlands Geologiske UndersOgelse, 144, 1 - 126." type="journal article" year="1982">Fürsich 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2A27AC5B9F05E33904B4FA07FC952EDB" blockId="28.[151,1437,218,1935]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33904B4FA07FEDB2CEE" bold="true" box="[197,371,1442,1467]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Palaeoecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E339050AFA07FDCA2CEF" baseAuthorityName="Zakharov" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[379,610,1442,1467]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E339050AFA07FDCA2CEF" box="[379,610,1442,1467]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pseudolimea arctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
probably took advantage of hard substrates present in the seeps, such as exposed carbonate and other shells, for byssal attachment. Modern limids can be found both in shallow and deep marine environments (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E33905EBFA4FFD8A2F56" author="Allen, J. A." box="[410,546,1514,1539]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="2591 - 2593" refId="ref29250" refString="Allen, J. A. (2004) The Recent species of the genera Limatula and Limea (Bivalvia, Limacea) present in the Atlantic, with particular reference to those in deep water. Journal of Natural History, 38, 2591 - 2593. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930310001647442" type="journal article" year="2004">Allen 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). They are suspension feeders, byssally attached to rocks, shells and marine plants. They can also form ‘nests’ composed of mucus, byssal threads and various incorporated hard elements if the substrate proves unsuitable for byssal attachment (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E3390691F997FC452F1E" author="Merrill, A. S. & Turner, R. D." box="[736,1005,1586,1611]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="55 - 59" refId="ref37241" refString="Merrill, A. S. & Turner, R. D. (1963) Nest building in the bivalve genera Musculus and Lima. The Veliger, 6, 55 - 59." type="journal article" year="1963">Merrill & Turner 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Some species possess the ability to swim by clapping their valves, and others are able to relocate using their foot and byssus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E33900C7F9F3FF7C2FC6" author="Mikkelsen, P. M. & Bieler, R." pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref37334" refString="Mikkelsen, P. M. & Bieler, R. (2008) Seashells of Southern Florida. Living marine mollusks of the Florida Keys and adjacent regions. Bivalves. Princeton University Press, Princeton & Oxford, 503 pp." type="book" year="2008">Mikkelsen & Bieler 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Unlike other monomyarian bivalve families, limids are not pleurothetic, i.e. they do not rest on one of the valves, but orient their commissure perpendicular to the substrate (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E33907E2F93BFB152FE2" author="Mikkelsen, P. M. & Bieler, R." box="[915,1213,1694,1719]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref37334" refString="Mikkelsen, P. M. & Bieler, R. (2008) Seashells of Southern Florida. Living marine mollusks of the Florida Keys and adjacent regions. Bivalves. Princeton University Press, Princeton & Oxford, 503 pp." type="book" year="2008">Mikkelsen & Bieler 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The extinct genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E33904E6F967FE802F8E" box="[151,296,1730,1755]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33904E6F967FE802F8E" box="[151,296,1730,1755]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pseudolimea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
probably behaved in the same way. No association between limids and symbiotic bacteria has been recorded to date, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E33905D0F942FBB52FAA" authority="Jarnegren, Schander & Young, 2007" authorityName="Jarnegren, Schander & Young" authorityYear="2007" box="[417,1053,1766,1791]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Acesta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oophaga">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33905D0F942FDF42FAA" box="[417,604,1766,1791]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Acesta oophaga</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E339061BF942FBB52FAA" author="Jarnegren, J. & Schander, C. & Sneli, J. - A. & Ronningen, V. & Young, C. M." box="[618,1053,1766,1791]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="43 - 55" refId="ref34675" refString="Jarnegren, J., Schander, C., Sneli, J. - A., Ronningen, V. & Young, C. M. (2007) Four genes, morphology and ecology: distinguishing a new species of Acesta (Mollusca; Bivalvia) from the Gulf of Mexico. Marine Biology, 152, 43 - 55. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00227 - 007 - 0651 - y" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Järnegren, Schander & Young,
|
||
<quantity id="ED6001BE9F05E3390794F943FBB52FAA" box="[997,1053,1766,1791]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.097779999999999" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="2007.0">2007</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E3390021F942FAFA2FAA" author="Jarnegren, J. & Schander, C. & Sneli, J. - A. & Ronningen, V. & Young, C. M." box="[1104,1362,1766,1791]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="43 - 55" refId="ref34675" refString="Jarnegren, J., Schander, C., Sneli, J. - A., Ronningen, V. & Young, C. M. (2007) Four genes, morphology and ecology: distinguishing a new species of Acesta (Mollusca; Bivalvia) from the Gulf of Mexico. Marine Biology, 152, 43 - 55. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00227 - 007 - 0651 - y" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Järnegren
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33900BAF942FAA22FAA" box="[1227,1290,1766,1791]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, from hydrocarbon seep environments in the Gulf of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E85C62B99F05E33906EFF8AFFD5B2E76" box="[670,755,1802,1827]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Mexico</collectingRegion>
|
||
has morphological adaptations for feeding on the eggs of the tubeworm
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E339057EF88BFC3C2E12" authority="van der Land & Norrevang, 1975" authorityName="van der Land & Norrevang" authorityYear="1975" box="[271,916,1838,1863]" class="Polychaeta" family="Siboglinidae" genus="Lamellibrachia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="luymesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E339057EF88BFDBF2E12" box="[271,535,1838,1863]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Lamellibrachia luymesi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E339066FF88AFC3C2E12" author="Van der Land, J. & Norrevang, A." box="[542,916,1838,1863]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="86 - 101" refId="ref41610" refString="Van der Land, J. & Norrevang, A. (1975) The systematic position of Lamellibranchia (Annelida, Vestimentifera). Zeitschrift fur Zoologische Systematik und Evolutionforschung, 1975, 86 - 101." type="journal article" year="1975">van der Land & Nørrevang, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It has a folded posterodorsal shell margin that surrounds the tubeworm plume, where eggs are being released from the tube (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E09D1AA9F05E3390058F8F7FA8E2E3E" author="Jarnegren, J. & Tobias, C. R. & Macko, S. A. & Young, C. M." box="[1065,1318,1874,1899]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="87 - 93" refId="ref34759" refString="Jarnegren, J., Tobias, C. R., Macko, S. A. & Young, C. M. (2005) Egg predation fuels unique species association at deep-sea hydrocarbon seeps. Biological Bulletin, 209, 87 - 93. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 3593126" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Järnegren
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33900D2F8F6FB772E3E" box="[1187,1247,1874,1899]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). No such adaptation has been recorded in any species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED98D7D89F05E33906D7F8D3FC9F2EDA" box="[678,823,1910,1935]" class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Pseudolimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Limoida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="18EC70499F05E33906D7F8D3FC9F2EDA" box="[678,823,1910,1935]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pseudolimea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |