414 lines
53 KiB
XML
414 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1169-333" ID-Pensoft-UUID="339DE2775B2E5D73ABF700229725DF0E" ID-ZooBank="B3CBCC79BEE841B9A8AB69426EC0FBDA" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1169-333" checkinTime="1689752002564" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hernandez, Osvaldo, Gomez-Gutierrez, Jaime, Galvan-Tirado, Carolina & Sanchez, Carlos" docDate="2023" docId="1C16B3A1624756F5AECC23AD94F60F8F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1169: 333-352" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1169" docPubDate="2023-07-18" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651" docTitle="Muricea cacao Hernández & Gómez-Gutiérrez & Galván-Tirado & Sánchez 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="F91F41A5-DAA5-4D47-9E62-812EFDAFC7D6" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" id="339DE2775B2E5D73ABF700229725DF0E" lastPageNumber="333" masterDocId="339DE2775B2E5D73ABF700229725DF0E" masterDocTitle="Three new species of the sea fan genus Muricea (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Plexauridae) from the northwest region of Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="352" masterPageNumber="333" pageNumber="333" updateTime="1689752303913" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="F054E0AFEA358E5089B9425A7B6EDF36">Three new species of the sea fan genus Muricea (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Plexauridae) from the northwest region of Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="14AE4F1B0A02A1F5910BD2781D36E8D5">Hernandez, Osvaldo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4A85CF4ABCD75F113FFDE4D1B9BB2329">Departamento de Plancton y Ecologia Marina, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Av. IPN, s / n, CP 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico & Departamento de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al sur km 5.5, CP 23080, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="09CACA65BB8B98C67A47998CAA3287DA">Gomez-Gutierrez, Jaime</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="56A8931C9B1AD7781EA1D5FBE689161C">Departamento de Plancton y Ecologia Marina, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Av. IPN, s / n, CP 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="51089918BDDD20E2E2FBB7DFDE42288D">Galvan-Tirado, Carolina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CC01E8474483A8E09D0CF91951270D20">Departamento de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al sur km 5.5, CP 23080, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico & Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, Col. Credito Constructor, Alcaldia Benito Juarez, C. P. 03940, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5439D682572530BA59602B40668C2A0E">Sanchez, Carlos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4C598EC2AE72A4F638C1B06908F2561E">Departamento de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al sur km 5.5, CP 23080, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6F70CBCC024B9EFAEF7AC11FB2408445" type="email">csanchez@uabcs.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:number id="1AB39C423CF580A6F5D812A7F982E2BB">2023-07-18</mods:number>
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<taxonomicName id="5D098A62725E72377E264A2716CD65A3" LSID="https://zoobank.org/F91F41A5-DAA5-4D47-9E62-812EFDAFC7D6" authority="Hernández & Gómez-Gutiérrez & Galván-Tirado & Sánchez, 2023" authorityName="Hernández & Gómez-Gutiérrez & Galván-Tirado & Sánchez" authorityYear="2023" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea cacao" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="cacao" status="sp. nov.">Muricea cacao</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="E88E83E6C3B3FC629B5419462ABFCB54" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="28676026DB75A3AAC90DE018EB9A747A" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="657569135A3CDC73E6C21DE97175E5D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1CBD070EF0AFFF0F7BB9892FC4AEB92F" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">
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<materialsCitation id="395EB0F646BFD3D24C1DFDE35CE41461" collectingDate="2010-07-14" collectorName="El Faro-Lobera" country="Mexico" elevation="15" latitude="27.265951" location="San Marcos Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-112.091866" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Baja California Sur" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<typeStatus id="BC14DE5AEDAB8C77230F4936BCC3EC36">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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USNM 1606633: dry,
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<location id="CD72996A77E3E2BB942AB7AE18F2A6B3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1C16B3A1624756F5AECC23AD94F60F8F:CD72996A77E3E2BB942AB7AE18F2A6B3" country="Mexico" latitude="27.265951" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-112.091866" name="San Marcos Island" stateProvince="Baja California Sur">San Marcos Island</location>
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(
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<collectorName id="BB4F6226CD4F230CAEA2F1919835E240">El Faro-Lobera</collectorName>
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),
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,
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="728D042170FFF6CFC9A66D5A39FA9832" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="15.95706" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.265951">27°15.95706'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="4E7735AEA83DD878196AA00E8CC0DCBC" degrees="112" direction="west" minutes="5.51208" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-112.091866">112°5.51208'W</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<elevation id="4CA58B91117485139879EEDE8A240274" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="15.0">
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<quantity id="891DB0D16CA0AE72D0083ACC3D7CDB9C" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
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depth
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||
</elevation>
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||
, 23 °C,
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||
<collectingDate id="7422E208D99EC4041B1FACFE1CAC53F7" value="2010-07-14">14 July 2010</collectingDate>
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||
(Fig.
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||
<figureCitation id="69B7F85FD4A13D88C60ABA5D97A1A198" captionStart="Figure l" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure l. Locations of sample collections of the three new species of the genus Muricea discovered along the Pacific coast of Baja California Sur and the Gulf of California, Mexico A scuba diving and monitoring census sites B Muricea ambarae sp. nov. collection sites C Muricea cacao sp. nov. collection sites D Muricea molinai sp. nov. collection sites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figurel" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880609" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">1C</figureCitation>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="066F697A143DD5B4717D84DA1BC33AC0" collectingDate="2010-07-14" collectorName="El Faro-Lobera" country="Mexico" elevation="15" latitude="27.265951" location="San Marcos Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-112.091866" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Baja California Sur" typeStatus="Paratypes">
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<emphasis id="DD0D16A460687EF0024CDD3EEDD7BBF5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">
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<typeStatus id="C422AF039B73BF5A2E944E881D3295B6">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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||
USNM 1606634: dry,
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<location id="7927BD2376ABC535A9463A6E84AA2671" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1C16B3A1624756F5AECC23AD94F60F8F:7927BD2376ABC535A9463A6E84AA2671" country="Mexico" latitude="27.265951" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-112.091866" name="San Marcos Island" stateProvince="Baja California Sur">San Marcos Island</location>
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(
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<collectorName id="606E870E51AC7F766E46168E702278F5">El Faro-Lobera</collectorName>
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),
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,
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<collectingCountry id="C51543B587ED2BC9B21E794B23A2EF47" name="Mexico">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="729F99D15F1BEB73E1FFAB75F5672D81" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="15.95706" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.265951">27°15.95706'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="699253C10C3FAAEFF8BA2AE63E22DED1" degrees="112" direction="west" minutes="5.51208" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-112.091866">112°5.51208'W</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<elevation id="E1D505C3346F8EE50C2FA224106526C6" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="15.0">
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<quantity id="64CB1CFC16BD886A927CB81CAE47494E" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
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depth
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||
</elevation>
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||
, 23 °C,
|
||
<collectingDate id="2D7FFF6D977E5506993205C033E295FC" value="2010-07-14">14 July 2010</collectingDate>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="C3BAE809F7EF1890D723CD53C618D405" collectingDate="1999-11-07" country="Mexico" elevation="16" latitude="28.729752" location="Salsipuedes Island" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-112.96475" municipality="Caleta Falsa Norte" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Baja California" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
USNM 1606635: dry,
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<location id="7B0811024672320D9AC4E6B62B676759" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1C16B3A1624756F5AECC23AD94F60F8F:7B0811024672320D9AC4E6B62B676759" country="Mexico" latitude="28.729752" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-112.96475" municipality="Caleta Falsa Norte" name="Salsipuedes Island" stateProvince="Baja California">Salsipuedes Island</location>
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(
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="239346E3A5D86BBC9470C310D1E954CA">Caleta Falsa Norte</collectingMunicipality>
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||
),
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<collectingRegion id="CE543EB87339FD961894AE88111068C7" country="Mexico" name="Baja California">Baja California</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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<collectingCountry id="515F3502F9D873F3BEB6E6F324AD76D9" name="Mexico">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="7954B805FD895BE8BE8E76CDDE2D9476" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="43.78506" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.729752">28°43.78506'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="7ACC7A0CC431627E7C2ECC43BBEC15A0" degrees="112" direction="west" minutes="57.88512" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-112.96475">112°57.88512'W</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<elevation id="8B1A6A3ACE8EB96D410E661F19423C24" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="m" value="16.0">
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||
<quantity id="700F6F43617D4435D7C2F41F84B48359" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="m" value="16.0">16 m</quantity>
|
||
depth
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, 23 °C,
|
||
<collectingDate id="A4088E58141D392A485A69402E9EBA0E" value="1999-11-07">7 November 1999</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="344E3EDDDDD3782F21E2C0C1D75B0E9A" collectingDate="2010-07-19" collectorName="Fig." country="Mexico" county="Punta Pescador" elevation="15" latitude="28.935396" location="Bahia" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-113.381996" municipality="Angeles" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Baja California" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
USNM 1606636: dry,
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||
<normalizedToken id="166E3FAB1DFCF5757A1FCB7962B87321" originalValue="Bahía">
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||
<location id="7DC822E36E54A6BB0FCB75EEC6AC34E3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1C16B3A1624756F5AECC23AD94F60F8F:7DC822E36E54A6BB0FCB75EEC6AC34E3" country="Mexico" county="Punta Pescador" latitude="28.935396" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-113.381996" municipality="Angeles" name="Bahia" stateProvince="Baja California">Bahia</location>
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
de los
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D922F67262BF9CF004D41FBF7AA91C99" originalValue="Ángeles">
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="000B58C3E1EBBB17B4D3CFA4507F7EEA">Angeles</collectingMunicipality>
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</normalizedToken>
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(
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||
<collectingCounty id="4EE49DE92E59071A8E96569A9C3B40D5">Punta Pescador</collectingCounty>
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||
),
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||
<collectingRegion id="469EE5B1FE0173A9A02BF1FA4B2AEDF8" country="Mexico" name="Baja California">Baja California</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="661451244AC7B124C20D4E6F5662629E" name="Mexico">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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, (
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||
<geoCoordinate id="30C7E5D75E9FB02BAA919AABD806713A" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="56.12382" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="28.935396">28°56.12382'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7983E3D23AAE94A70EB21F16B5654F05" degrees="113" direction="west" minutes="22.91976" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-113.381996">113°22.91976'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
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||
<elevation id="8E2E6468096FC65A0E2633E3F2807125" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="15.0">
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<quantity id="B72C12ACFDF814112722D80F3DC1E021" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
|
||
depth
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, 20 °C,
|
||
<collectingDate id="1421834562024F859F038E31B8E659B3" value="2010-07-19">19 July 2010</collectingDate>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="F36D98884A50A6B367F9A09B2C7A387B">Fig.</collectorName>
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF31549626063BD04CAF985B8D046BA0" captionStart="Figure l" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure l. Locations of sample collections of the three new species of the genus Muricea discovered along the Pacific coast of Baja California Sur and the Gulf of California, Mexico A scuba diving and monitoring census sites B Muricea ambarae sp. nov. collection sites C Muricea cacao sp. nov. collection sites D Muricea molinai sp. nov. collection sites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figurel" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880609" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">1C</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="9F913AF7BC57F9D091B81AF262D1C501" collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="Carlos Sanchez." country="Mexico" location="The" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Baja California" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<location id="E8266364B00BBF79C11A5634F13AC94F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1C16B3A1624756F5AECC23AD94F60F8F:E8266364B00BBF79C11A5634F13AC94F" country="Mexico" name="The" stateProvince="Baja California">The</location>
|
||
type specimens were collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="DC81612E984BA2B76D6F35A4E72AAB59">
|
||
Carlos
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A1457665CB8261E6971076C2031AEE3A" originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5FA23F96A7459C20031CB43310153143" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="A7B5B036425507D8BB4BF90E1DBD9D85" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Holotype colony description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BA60D4D01D15513A535FC40AACD2B573" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">
|
||
The holotype is a brownish-red colony, growing flabellate upwards in one plane and laterally branched, 15.8 cm tall and 8.7 cm wide (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="B40AFD11D53265F9BBE42A934639E6E7" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Muricea cacao sp. nov. A holotype USNM 1606633 B anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites C holotype detail of branches." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880612" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">4A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
, Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="3E5EA4BD3AFBC0F5EABFF35714930AF7" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Internal and external characters of Muricea ambarae sp. nov., Muricea cacao sp. nov. and Muricea molinai sp. nov. with similar Muricea nominal species distributed along the Mexican Pacific and Gulf of California collected from 1998 - 2020 and compared with Breedy and Guzman (2015, 2016 a). Colony growth: bu = bushy, fa = falling branches, fl = flabellate. Branching type: di = dichotomous, irr = irregularly, lb = laterally branched, ob = open branched. Polyp distribution rows: im = imbricated, c = close, s = sparsely. Calyx form: el = elongated, sl = shelf-like, t = tubular. Color: am = amber, br = brownish-red, bi = bicolor, cl = colorless, db = deep brown, dy = dull yellowg = gray, lb = light brown, lo = light orange, o = orange, ro = reddish-orange, py = pale yellow, r = red, rb = reddish-brown, y = yellow, w = white. Sclerites: ae = acute end spindles, bs = branched spindles, be = bend spindles, cs = curved spindles, cl = club-like, de = dull ends spindles, lb = lobed, ls = leaf spindles, ps = prickly spindles, r = rods, slr = star-like radiates, str = straight spindles, tbr = tuberculated rods, tbs = tuberculated spindles, uss = unilateral spinous spindles, ws = warty spindles, wr = warty rods." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/28E36A39F15A393E21ADCCB797CD678C" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" tableUuid="28E36A39F15A393E21ADCCB797CD678C">1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Polyp rows distribute imbricated (Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="A8AFE4DFB88781A2F4FA04C3EA270FAE" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Internal and external characters of Muricea ambarae sp. nov., Muricea cacao sp. nov. and Muricea molinai sp. nov. with similar Muricea nominal species distributed along the Mexican Pacific and Gulf of California collected from 1998 - 2020 and compared with Breedy and Guzman (2015, 2016 a). Colony growth: bu = bushy, fa = falling branches, fl = flabellate. Branching type: di = dichotomous, irr = irregularly, lb = laterally branched, ob = open branched. Polyp distribution rows: im = imbricated, c = close, s = sparsely. Calyx form: el = elongated, sl = shelf-like, t = tubular. Color: am = amber, br = brownish-red, bi = bicolor, cl = colorless, db = deep brown, dy = dull yellowg = gray, lb = light brown, lo = light orange, o = orange, ro = reddish-orange, py = pale yellow, r = red, rb = reddish-brown, y = yellow, w = white. Sclerites: ae = acute end spindles, bs = branched spindles, be = bend spindles, cs = curved spindles, cl = club-like, de = dull ends spindles, lb = lobed, ls = leaf spindles, ps = prickly spindles, r = rods, slr = star-like radiates, str = straight spindles, tbr = tuberculated rods, tbs = tuberculated spindles, uss = unilateral spinous spindles, ws = warty spindles, wr = warty rods." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/28E36A39F15A393E21ADCCB797CD678C" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" tableUuid="28E36A39F15A393E21ADCCB797CD678C">1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The holdfast is 2 cm length and 1 cm wide with a cream-white color in the area without coenenchyme (lost during collect) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="E52A25FD06FC891A2FC71128CC055FB2" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Muricea cacao sp. nov. A holotype USNM 1606633 B anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites C holotype detail of branches." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880612" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two main branches arise from the base; one is 1.4 cm in length and 4 mm in width, and the other one is 1.3 cm in length and 6 mm wide. They are subdivided into three secondary branches, two of them partially fused (pseudoanastomosis) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="CD1E02E36049342C3F2171DAA1C289C0" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Muricea cacao sp. nov. A holotype USNM 1606633 B anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites C holotype detail of branches." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880612" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Several terminal twigs are short (1 cm in length), with several reaching 9 cm in height. In both branches, the average diameter is 3 mm, with blunt ends (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="390FC9202FA828F486E033EB815C3D28" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Muricea cacao sp. nov. A holotype USNM 1606633 B anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites C holotype detail of branches." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880612" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">4C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Calyces are shelf-like, 1 mm in height with a diameter of 1 mm, situated all around the branches in an imbricated arrangement. Calyces are acute in the upper part of the colony or on terminal twigs and blunt at the base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AB6CE9585FB235BA893E525FAF146BBC" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" type="holotype sclerites">
|
||
<paragraph id="8707F6F6C8ED6E2E5C01FAE3D15444CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Holotype sclerites.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0CC48BEAEFFD8B4B83E8837408F6C825" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">
|
||
The sclerites of the outer coenenchyme and calyces are dark brown or reddish-brown (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A605827536FE115E33FE68819677E342" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Muricea cacao sp. nov. A holotype USNM 1606633 B anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites C holotype detail of branches." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880612" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
, Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="53CD7C40E1A8E70C24EB446D74E66601" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Internal and external characters of Muricea ambarae sp. nov., Muricea cacao sp. nov. and Muricea molinai sp. nov. with similar Muricea nominal species distributed along the Mexican Pacific and Gulf of California collected from 1998 - 2020 and compared with Breedy and Guzman (2015, 2016 a). Colony growth: bu = bushy, fa = falling branches, fl = flabellate. Branching type: di = dichotomous, irr = irregularly, lb = laterally branched, ob = open branched. Polyp distribution rows: im = imbricated, c = close, s = sparsely. Calyx form: el = elongated, sl = shelf-like, t = tubular. Color: am = amber, br = brownish-red, bi = bicolor, cl = colorless, db = deep brown, dy = dull yellowg = gray, lb = light brown, lo = light orange, o = orange, ro = reddish-orange, py = pale yellow, r = red, rb = reddish-brown, y = yellow, w = white. Sclerites: ae = acute end spindles, bs = branched spindles, be = bend spindles, cs = curved spindles, cl = club-like, de = dull ends spindles, lb = lobed, ls = leaf spindles, ps = prickly spindles, r = rods, slr = star-like radiates, str = straight spindles, tbr = tuberculated rods, tbs = tuberculated spindles, uss = unilateral spinous spindles, ws = warty spindles, wr = warty rods." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/28E36A39F15A393E21ADCCB797CD678C" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" tableUuid="28E36A39F15A393E21ADCCB797CD678C">1</tableCitation>
|
||
). In the outer coenenchymal leaf spindles with a very strongly thorny appearance 0.4-1.7 mm length are dominant (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="74AF9B2CD034D750F67F3282DBAF9FA1" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Muricea cacao sp. nov. SEM A, B calycular and coenenchymal sclerites C axial sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880613" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">5A</figureCitation>
|
||
); sclerites are also tuberculated spindles with acute ends (1.4 mm in length) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="75EFA5A2A13BEFCF53F078BCE8891FEA" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Muricea cacao sp. nov. SEM A, B calycular and coenenchymal sclerites C axial sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880613" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">5B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The inner coenenchymal sclerites (0.18-0.35 mm length), are thin spindles with blunt or acute ends, most of them colorless (80%), while the rest are pale amber (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="6E778D54FEF4CBF7E19DA4EECB13EB99" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Muricea cacao sp. nov. A holotype USNM 1606633 B anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites C holotype detail of branches." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880612" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="148074AD3890A4C3514A833AAC076E99" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Muricea cacao sp. nov. SEM A, B calycular and coenenchymal sclerites C axial sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880613" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="76D2981E75A25256A7E4B7BBF61EE3DF" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880613" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph id="F916DC6DEC9D6C21D81D74DF31FC9995" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">
|
||
<emphasis id="4B6F8572FE75D2D2FB532026735F5DD3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0ED175A2AD9E3F5AC1A6B6BE0166FF6D" authorityName="Hernández & Gómez-Gutiérrez & Galván-Tirado & Sánchez" authorityYear="2023" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea cacao" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="cacao">
|
||
<emphasis id="6623C7AD9FDDCD54BB579FF4FAFC9B16" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Muricea cacao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. SEM
|
||
<emphasis id="3763D2B7E63C5E8944064CBD7D72AD2A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
calycular and coenenchymal sclerites
|
||
<emphasis id="F273728B4091561072548629ACAEB344" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">C</emphasis>
|
||
axial sclerites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1F80E17A0F8696E15884B110570272A3" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" type="morphological variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="D261DC307FB328E822979C7A5A96AEA6" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Morphological variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="16206B2FA08612885984A9C7F457B64F" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">
|
||
All the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F9961E3B91B35DB6B81AEA54A26E4690" authorityName="Hernández & Gómez-Gutiérrez & Galván-Tirado & Sánchez" authorityYear="2023" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea cacao" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="cacao">
|
||
<emphasis id="8DF6F4744FDD9C00275220CB2C835B6E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Muricea cacao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. specimens collected and observed
|
||
<emphasis id="3D17DBF06330C4DD043EBF4800CCCE66" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
are morphologically consistent with the macro- and micro-morphology of both the holotype (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="B4374877F84F604305F3CF606E3DBA41" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Muricea cacao sp. nov. A holotype USNM 1606633 B anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites C holotype detail of branches." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880612" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">4A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and paratypes with colony size range observed
|
||
<emphasis id="EFC1C64006990D6F64A964DB3D78C422" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
between 2 and 55 cm height (Suppl. material 1: fig. S2E-F). The main differences among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6AB9D79940AD9A92E4AB95963300BBB8" authorityName="Hernández & Gómez-Gutiérrez & Galván-Tirado & Sánchez" authorityYear="2023" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea cacao" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="cacao">
|
||
<emphasis id="5559B14DFBD3C294BC457D64B4BFA39D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Muricea cacao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. colonies are the growing angle of the branches, the morphology likely influenced by the local water current pattern and available sea floor space on which they grow (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="7DC5B288BDF01C20C951369C98F190A4" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Sea fan colonies photographed in situ A, B Muricea ambarae sp. nov. C, D Muricea cacao sp. nov. E-G Muricea molinai sp. nov. Photographs by Carlos Sanchez." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880616" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">8C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The polyps in living colonies have white neck and colorless tentacles (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="874A57C0CF1F389416A6085BE97711E7" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Sea fan colonies photographed in situ A, B Muricea ambarae sp. nov. C, D Muricea cacao sp. nov. E-G Muricea molinai sp. nov. Photographs by Carlos Sanchez." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880616" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">8D</figureCitation>
|
||
; Suppl. material 1: fig. S2F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A6B75D7B7A2822A2A81A2C1899F2230C" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" type="habitat">
|
||
<paragraph id="F5D8CB8A42D479AE65AF711379B3C45A" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Habitat and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A4D16A4BC30D2886943E52999E1318C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A21B6FEC476983FCD341B643364A4DD8" authorityName="Hernández & Gómez-Gutiérrez & Galván-Tirado & Sánchez" authorityYear="2023" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea cacao" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="cacao">
|
||
<emphasis id="D823E72FF929B4257E3397430BB9A15B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Muricea cacao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is present in the northern part of the Gulf of California from the Santa
|
||
<normalizedToken id="D893F5446DA6A8863B0D0FD4D4AE7A80" originalValue="Rosalía">Rosalia</normalizedToken>
|
||
region to the Midriff Archipelago Region (MAR) and along the Pacific coast of Baja California Sur, between Todos Santos and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="47134DF9C1FD2D90E79D88C2C12D6AC5" originalValue="Bahía">Bahia</normalizedToken>
|
||
Magdalena (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9FEA68E1117CB1A6A1D3FC5B77D37C49" captionStart="Figure l" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure l. Locations of sample collections of the three new species of the genus Muricea discovered along the Pacific coast of Baja California Sur and the Gulf of California, Mexico A scuba diving and monitoring census sites B Muricea ambarae sp. nov. collection sites C Muricea cacao sp. nov. collection sites D Muricea molinai sp. nov. collection sites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figurel" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880609" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">1A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A09133888E1DCFA30352D4904382CA4B" authorityName="Hernández & Gómez-Gutiérrez & Galván-Tirado & Sánchez" authorityYear="2023" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea cacao" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="cacao">
|
||
<emphasis id="B15B301CAD03403446E01D66B60C8D1C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Muricea cacao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A34CC45B3FD06A783B4E05CD2EFBD80F" captionStart="Figure l" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure l. Locations of sample collections of the three new species of the genus Muricea discovered along the Pacific coast of Baja California Sur and the Gulf of California, Mexico A scuba diving and monitoring census sites B Muricea ambarae sp. nov. collection sites C Muricea cacao sp. nov. collection sites D Muricea molinai sp. nov. collection sites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figurel" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880609" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">1C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C35F68A9DBC3BA9FE6F148396749341E" authorityName="Hernández & Gómez-Gutiérrez & Galván-Tirado & Sánchez" authorityYear="2023" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea ambarae" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="ambarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="147A2ACE81A9F419F090180210163214" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Muricea ambarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="21B9BC8E72788342E506A9AF4FF4E320" captionStart="Figure l" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure l. Locations of sample collections of the three new species of the genus Muricea discovered along the Pacific coast of Baja California Sur and the Gulf of California, Mexico A scuba diving and monitoring census sites B Muricea ambarae sp. nov. collection sites C Muricea cacao sp. nov. collection sites D Muricea molinai sp. nov. collection sites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figurel" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880609" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">1B</figureCitation>
|
||
) share similar distribution and habitat.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FF170E29CD43A562FAE6A221A6F2826F" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="3ED8C06497D6AF0FBE023F6ED129ED50" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F1845157C9CB80E3D5DD7B96A35F638" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">
|
||
Paratypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FAFE39E6A949F5457CC5F3E029C6FB0F" authorityName="Hernández & Gómez-Gutiérrez & Galván-Tirado & Sánchez" authorityYear="2023" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea cacao" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="cacao">
|
||
<emphasis id="8F77EFB35DDD92AF0155F30F944C48F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Muricea cacao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. have low morphological variability and the main difference is the width of the branches (Suppl. material 1: fig. S4A-C).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CF3B8F839072A941C821C6EA14F562D8" authorityName="Hernández & Gómez-Gutiérrez & Galván-Tirado & Sánchez" authorityYear="2023" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea cacao" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="cacao">
|
||
<emphasis id="6D409300707803B94C413CF1BF254B6B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Muricea cacao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="94EC96441FE7604A30B42255C62AEE07" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Muricea cacao sp. nov. A holotype USNM 1606633 B anthocodial and coenenchymal sclerites C holotype detail of branches." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880612" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">4A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
) is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEC36A1DEAF159C417BFDE9921ABAE4E" authorityName="Hernández & Gómez-Gutiérrez & Galván-Tirado & Sánchez" authorityYear="2023" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea ambarae" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="ambarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9A19ECE9BEE961B6D9DCCE265B650BF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Muricea ambarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A2CB2F329C731F6DF82B28B56D532D79" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Muricea ambarae sp. nov. A holotype USNM 1606629 B holotype detail of branches C axial and coenenchymal sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880610" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
) in the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E4E6FC6BBB921B6927984FA498D09BAD" originalValue="colony’s">colony's</normalizedToken>
|
||
growth form; but differs externally because
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FCC28E71DCECE4BD44AE3FF96CFFA5D" lsidName="M. ambarae" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" rank="species" species="ambarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="DCDE376CB566008226FEFE662AABF2EC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">M. ambarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. always has bicolored colonies present; reddish calyces with an orange coenenchyme and does not have pseudoanastomosis as does
|
||
<taxonomicName id="378AD36E0103C4B73BFC7085692AC989" authorityName="Hernández & Gómez-Gutiérrez & Galván-Tirado & Sánchez" authorityYear="2023" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea cacao" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="cacao">
|
||
<emphasis id="DDDE96CAE6BDE88A369BFEBC00EAED50" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Muricea cacao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. In contrast,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="244DD9627CC795268FF9628FC3D76CF1" lsidName="M. cacao" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" rank="species" species="cacao">
|
||
<emphasis id="D2597796BBD83D2B6344D2EA81842D0C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">M. cacao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. has homogenous brown-reddish coloration in calyces and coenenchyme and has pseudoanastomosis (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="8B07BDA37A9D78B2F83A4522BC4BDDA6" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Sea fan colonies photographed in situ A, B Muricea ambarae sp. nov. C, D Muricea cacao sp. nov. E-G Muricea molinai sp. nov. Photographs by Carlos Sanchez." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880616" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">8C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
, Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="3CD2D271B743CEFD31A80765A9E88A7B" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Internal and external characters of Muricea ambarae sp. nov., Muricea cacao sp. nov. and Muricea molinai sp. nov. with similar Muricea nominal species distributed along the Mexican Pacific and Gulf of California collected from 1998 - 2020 and compared with Breedy and Guzman (2015, 2016 a). Colony growth: bu = bushy, fa = falling branches, fl = flabellate. Branching type: di = dichotomous, irr = irregularly, lb = laterally branched, ob = open branched. Polyp distribution rows: im = imbricated, c = close, s = sparsely. Calyx form: el = elongated, sl = shelf-like, t = tubular. Color: am = amber, br = brownish-red, bi = bicolor, cl = colorless, db = deep brown, dy = dull yellowg = gray, lb = light brown, lo = light orange, o = orange, ro = reddish-orange, py = pale yellow, r = red, rb = reddish-brown, y = yellow, w = white. Sclerites: ae = acute end spindles, bs = branched spindles, be = bend spindles, cs = curved spindles, cl = club-like, de = dull ends spindles, lb = lobed, ls = leaf spindles, ps = prickly spindles, r = rods, slr = star-like radiates, str = straight spindles, tbr = tuberculated rods, tbs = tuberculated spindles, uss = unilateral spinous spindles, ws = warty spindles, wr = warty rods." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/28E36A39F15A393E21ADCCB797CD678C" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" tableUuid="28E36A39F15A393E21ADCCB797CD678C">1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The main morphological differences between both new
|
||
<taxonomicName id="146AD1A02F2A6EED43A10BBCC116414E" authorityName="Lamouroux" authorityYear="1821" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="36AC5E64BF7484604D6BE5601B8B8C6F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Muricea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are in the sclerite forms present;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C12FDF7B5B368D9ED9A8D4AC5EAECBC6" lsidName="M. ambarae" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" rank="species" species="ambarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="6B196F6B11C74205C3C9726EEF39B727" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">M. ambarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. has leaf spindles and the presence of tuberculated, bent spindles (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1B08313EAD3CCEF6F13869CA51FC8640" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Muricea ambarae sp. nov. SEM A, B calycular and coenenchymal sclerites C axial sclerites D anthocodial sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880611" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">3A-D</figureCitation>
|
||
), while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D21FAC5B8B6602F860B9BF6D5B5170A" lsidName="M. cacao" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" rank="species" species="cacao">
|
||
<emphasis id="CA778DF487671400DAB0434FBAE3A485" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">M. cacao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. has even more strongly unilateral multi-spinous spindles, and an absence of tuberculated, bent spindles (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="7A65464216A50A63CCE95C722096FAC2" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Muricea cacao sp. nov. SEM A, B calycular and coenenchymal sclerites C axial sclerites." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880613" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">5A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
, Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="DD1393172889B41B37672BF80D57D222" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Internal and external characters of Muricea ambarae sp. nov., Muricea cacao sp. nov. and Muricea molinai sp. nov. with similar Muricea nominal species distributed along the Mexican Pacific and Gulf of California collected from 1998 - 2020 and compared with Breedy and Guzman (2015, 2016 a). Colony growth: bu = bushy, fa = falling branches, fl = flabellate. Branching type: di = dichotomous, irr = irregularly, lb = laterally branched, ob = open branched. Polyp distribution rows: im = imbricated, c = close, s = sparsely. Calyx form: el = elongated, sl = shelf-like, t = tubular. Color: am = amber, br = brownish-red, bi = bicolor, cl = colorless, db = deep brown, dy = dull yellowg = gray, lb = light brown, lo = light orange, o = orange, ro = reddish-orange, py = pale yellow, r = red, rb = reddish-brown, y = yellow, w = white. Sclerites: ae = acute end spindles, bs = branched spindles, be = bend spindles, cs = curved spindles, cl = club-like, de = dull ends spindles, lb = lobed, ls = leaf spindles, ps = prickly spindles, r = rods, slr = star-like radiates, str = straight spindles, tbr = tuberculated rods, tbs = tuberculated spindles, uss = unilateral spinous spindles, ws = warty spindles, wr = warty rods." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/28E36A39F15A393E21ADCCB797CD678C" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" tableUuid="28E36A39F15A393E21ADCCB797CD678C">1</tableCitation>
|
||
). However, due to the similarities in colony growth pattern and calyx form between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FFC024A56A3BCC42D987F22D6CCB3646" lsidName="M. cacao" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" rank="species" species="cacao">
|
||
<emphasis id="33F79783B601A2C87E21979186C53050" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">M. cacao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7841D7A01925D858D7D8475C919D3AA" lsidName="M. ambarae" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" rank="species" species="ambarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="45AE5FFEF811DC56187EEF08AF61000C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">M. ambarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="C60B18EA1D0C13A6CADC2445522681C6" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Internal and external characters of Muricea ambarae sp. nov., Muricea cacao sp. nov. and Muricea molinai sp. nov. with similar Muricea nominal species distributed along the Mexican Pacific and Gulf of California collected from 1998 - 2020 and compared with Breedy and Guzman (2015, 2016 a). Colony growth: bu = bushy, fa = falling branches, fl = flabellate. Branching type: di = dichotomous, irr = irregularly, lb = laterally branched, ob = open branched. Polyp distribution rows: im = imbricated, c = close, s = sparsely. Calyx form: el = elongated, sl = shelf-like, t = tubular. Color: am = amber, br = brownish-red, bi = bicolor, cl = colorless, db = deep brown, dy = dull yellowg = gray, lb = light brown, lo = light orange, o = orange, ro = reddish-orange, py = pale yellow, r = red, rb = reddish-brown, y = yellow, w = white. Sclerites: ae = acute end spindles, bs = branched spindles, be = bend spindles, cs = curved spindles, cl = club-like, de = dull ends spindles, lb = lobed, ls = leaf spindles, ps = prickly spindles, r = rods, slr = star-like radiates, str = straight spindles, tbr = tuberculated rods, tbs = tuberculated spindles, uss = unilateral spinous spindles, ws = warty spindles, wr = warty rods." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/28E36A39F15A393E21ADCCB797CD678C" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" tableUuid="28E36A39F15A393E21ADCCB797CD678C">1</tableCitation>
|
||
), we propose to include both species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4475BB7F9EC0E60C4C0BC9884360A43B" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea fruticosa" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="fruticosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="8328DAA23553C6929B6F51C6958135BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Muricea fruticosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7E8DD54DAA0FBBD5B72299DDD68181AA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.581.7910" author="Breedy, O" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" pagination="1 - 69" refId="B8" refString="Breedy, O, Guzman, HM, 2016a. A revision of the genus Muricea Lamouroux, 1821 (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) in the eastern Pacific. Part II. ZooKeys 581: 1 - 69, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.581.7910" title="A revision of the genus Muricea Lamouroux, 1821 (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) in the eastern Pacific. Part II." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.581.7910" volume="581" year="2016 a">Breedy and Guzman (2016a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Even if
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0457BDC5B9BF668B7266A467AE979938" authorityName="Hernández & Gómez-Gutiérrez & Galván-Tirado & Sánchez" authorityYear="2023" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea cacao" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="cacao">
|
||
<emphasis id="FA7464015ACC125FCD86C44342531122" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Muricea cacao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (Suppl. material 1: fig. S2E-F) is comparable with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C493F6C7EFBF292253E2D62637DDD307" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1846" baseAuthorityName="Valenciennes" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea plantaginea" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="plantaginea">
|
||
<emphasis id="8684FC9B66A86DDF61A35E32B2D426B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Muricea plantaginea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Suppl. material 1: fig. S2G-J), the later has prominent and elongated calyces, with elongated lower borders curved inwards (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="C81DCCC0EFE3B9454C39BC66B5D53EDC" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Comparison of the SEM images of calix (upper row) and terminal twig (bottom row) of sea fans Muricea ambarae sp. nov., M. cacao sp. nov., M. molinai sp. nov. and the nominal species M. plantaginea." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1169.89651.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/880617" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="19EA235C23C84BE96181CA34956B8658" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1846" baseAuthorityName="Valenciennes" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea plantaginea" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="species" species="plantaginea">
|
||
<emphasis id="64F248FBEC7AA9DDB7DAA1F45C706FAA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Muricea plantaginea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has large colonies of up to 100 cm height, simple leaf spindles and in Mexican living colonies the polyps are always orange or yellow-orange (Suppl. material 1: fig. S2G-I).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F0186B940B32712671BF48681A299D20" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="492FFEF89BCBAAC921C86CA230C54BB0" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0EC88B882FADC568F0CD9BF307D9A2C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">
|
||
The latinized species name "
|
||
<emphasis id="94535BF2A6844175397F959117B38469" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">cacao</emphasis>
|
||
" comes from the ancient pre-hispanic Nahuatl
|
||
<normalizedToken id="12F9A85B42771A50AC487A605091562C" originalValue="“cacao”">"cacao"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, which is the seed used in the making of chocolate, but in Latin is "
|
||
<emphasis id="906E118C06DA85CF16349BE70006EE20" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">cacao</emphasis>
|
||
", the species name of the cocoa tree is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CF87F1FA89A0C392DE544197EED7196A" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Sterculiaceae" genus="Theobroma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Theobroma cacao" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="cacao">
|
||
<emphasis id="1FAE4EA7862B8BEA1EE4667365DA897A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Theobroma cacao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. This
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E7238A2A900C94E3156972AF4ACFB234" originalValue="“chocolate”">"chocolate"</normalizedToken>
|
||
color is a practical diagnostic characteristic of both preserved colonies and live colonies with retracted polyps, distinguish this species
|
||
<emphasis id="C7A2DA44908DAED35093A98070FBAFB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AE43BB5ED12D5A022C81C1E6B05DCBB1" authorityName="Lamouroux" authorityYear="1821" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muricea" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Muricea" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="333" phylum="Coelenterata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CC01A7CBF41AAFB89389BB68B4662B2F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="333">Muricea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |