396 lines
54 KiB
XML
396 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="D5E886F4C5C99D63EC35E5D90EE73BD5" ID-CLB-Dataset="9442" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4888.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="da69a4c8-2962-4d6d-9abf-627b77bb9116" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4297699" ID-ZooBank="574A35A5-A551-4A7E-B2BC-481D703B1BE7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1606730333748" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Baker, Austin J. & Heraty, John M." docDate="2020" docId="447187B9FF8AE55FAAD1F980AFA9FC4D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4888.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4888 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Orasema bakeri" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="B848FFC1FF9CE547AA46FFDBAA34FFD9" masterDocTitle="The New World ant parasitoid genus Orasema (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae)" masterLastPageNumber="84" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1698846931182" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="8CCAE8E8C2C9FFBB9856030521E12E06">
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<mods:title id="8E6881126BEEC2ACDF878ADDF3AF361F">The New World ant parasitoid genus Orasema (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F1D2575E3A94E44EC47975A0D97EED1E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="DC7EF92A14C5145F37B51C3C2E44961B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="32254E76532545C70A17C9750137A892">Baker, Austin J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="0EAD8326DD5F37FDAD384F3C7B543AE5" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7801FCF03F42DFC889877B3FFB3C7BA6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DBBBAEF20698A72D2B2AFCFE853E2733">Heraty, John M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="56756CC740EDC4748C1F70F358536E2F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="E92A7B92809C3516829F8B4C5DBB5C56">
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<mods:title id="A1574FC286089214550A6FBB03ED315B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="AA616209ECB6ED3442520D1815E62264">
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<mods:date id="3331C16B626D0099B2486667F90551CA">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FD9033B0A963B9C9B622044F32A0ED32">2020-11-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DE09900142363CCA2FB994EF44CA0388">4888</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="C50ED5D093B41C143EAC861FE07ABE51">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A9EC743E1A7D90ABBD69418A4EB50BFB" type="CLB-Dataset">9442</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4F9C26F7B9CC269338AE1B208F8D7DE1" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4888.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="447187B9FF8AE55FAAD1F980AFA9FC4D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4337835" ID-GBIF-Taxon="170674564" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4337835" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:447187B9FF8AE55FAAD1F980AFA9FC4D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/447187B9FF8AE55FAAD1F980AFA9FC4D" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection id="84C26524FF8AE551AAD1F980A833F9AC" box="[151,519,1626,1653]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF8AE551AAD1F980A833F9AC" blockId="22.[151,519,1626,1690]" box="[151,519,1626,1653]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<heading id="972F81C3FF8AE551AAD1F980A833F9AC" bold="true" box="[151,519,1626,1653]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8AE551AAD1F980A833F9AC" bold="true" box="[151,519,1626,1653]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8AE551AAD1F980AB6DF9AC" ID-CoL="74RB9" box="[151,345,1626,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
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<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8AE551AAD1F980AB6DF9AC" bold="true" box="[151,345,1626,1653]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Orasema bakeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="84C26524FF8AE551AAD1F9A4ABFCF902" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF8AE551AAD1F9A4AB12F943" blockId="22.[151,519,1626,1690]" box="[151,294,1663,1690]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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(
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<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF8AE551AAD9F9A4AB2AF943" box="[159,286,1663,1690]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 11" captionStart-1="FIGURE 12" captionStart-2="FIGURE 13" captionStart-3="FIGURE 14" captionStart-4="FIGURE 15" captionStart-5="FIGURE 16" captionStartId-0="23.[151,250,2013,2037]" captionStartId-1="25.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionStartId-2="27.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionStartId-3="29.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionStartId-4="32.[151,250,1746,1770]" captionStartId-5="34.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox-0="[211,1377,1137,1990]" captionTargetBox-1="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetBox-2="[163,1425,493,1916]" captionTargetBox-3="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetBox-4="[156,1431,279,1717]" captionTargetBox-5="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetId-0="figure-415@23.[211,1377,1137,1990]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@25.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetId-2="figure-158@27.[159,1429,489,1920]" captionTargetId-3="figure-17@29.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetId-4="figure-67@32.[151,1436,274,1722]" captionTargetId-5="figure-22@34.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId-0="23" captionTargetPageId-1="25" captionTargetPageId-2="27" captionTargetPageId-3="29" captionTargetPageId-4="32" captionTargetPageId-5="34" captionText-0="FIGURE 11. Distribution map of species in the Orasema bakeri species group." captionText-1="FIGURE 12. Orasema bablyi. Holotype female (UCRCENT00245271): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Paratype male (UCRCENT00245279): E, antenna." captionText-2="FIGURE 13. Orasema bakeri. Paratype female (UCRCENT00247810): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral, arrow indicating lack of anterior prepectal carina; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Allotype male (UCRCENT00247804): E, antenna." captionText-3="FIGURE 14. Orasema dubitata. Holotype female (UCRCENT00471759): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Paratype male (UCRCENT00305342): E, antenna." captionText-4="FIGURE 15. Orasema polymyrmex. Holotype female (UCRCENT00311872): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Paratype male (UCRCENT00416800): E, antenna." captionText-5="FIGURE 16. Orasema texana. Female (UCRCENT00412495): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Male (UCRCENT00311934): E, antenna." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297725" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297727" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297729" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297731" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297733" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297735" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4297725/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4297727/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4297729/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4297731/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/4297733/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/4297735/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figs 11–16</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF8AE551AAD1F918ABFCF902" blockId="22.[151,456,1731,1756]" box="[151,456,1731,1756]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Established by
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<bibRefCitation id="A8494B5EFF8AE551AB74F91FABF0F902" author="Heraty, J. M." box="[306,452,1731,1756]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="374 - 390" refId="ref62693" refString="Heraty, J. M. (2000) Phylogenetic relationships of Oraseminae (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 93, 374 - 390. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / 0013 - 8746 (2000) 093 [0374: PROOHE] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2000">Heraty (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="84C26524FF8AE551AAD1F8D2A961F801" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF8AE551AAD1F8D2AB27F856" blockId="22.[151,1437,1801,2008]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8AE551AAD1F8D2AB26F8FA" bold="true" box="[151,274,1801,1827]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Recognized by the following combination of characters: prepectus with anterior margin lacking a carina and gradually sloping under margin of pronotum (
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<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF8AE551A891F8F6A90AF89E" box="[727,830,1837,1863]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,493,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-158@27.[159,1429,489,1920]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 13. Orasema bakeri. Paratype female (UCRCENT00247810): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral, arrow indicating lack of anterior prepectal carina; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Allotype male (UCRCENT00247804): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297729/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
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), female petiole usually short (PTL:PTW <1.5), face and mesoscutal midlobe reticulate (
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<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF8AE551A860F88AA89EF8B5" box="[550,682,1873,1900]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,493,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-158@27.[159,1429,489,1920]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 13. Orasema bakeri. Paratype female (UCRCENT00247810): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral, arrow indicating lack of anterior prepectal carina; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Allotype male (UCRCENT00247804): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297729/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 13B, F</figureCitation>
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), antenna with 7 funiculars (
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<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF8AE551A9AAF88AAE40F8B5" box="[1004,1140,1873,1900]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,493,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-158@27.[159,1429,489,1920]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 13. Orasema bakeri. Paratype female (UCRCENT00247810): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral, arrow indicating lack of anterior prepectal carina; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Allotype male (UCRCENT00247804): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297729/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 13D, E</figureCitation>
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), and labrum with 4 digits (
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<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF8AE551AAE6F8AEAB32F856" box="[160,262,1909,1935]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Orasema bablyi. Holotype female (UCRCENT00245271): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Paratype male (UCRCENT00245279): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297727/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF8AE551AA81F842A961F801" blockId="22.[151,1437,1801,2008]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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This group can be difficult to distinguish from the
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<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8AE551A8B5F842A954F86A" authorityName="Gahan" authorityYear="1940" box="[755,864,1945,1971]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cockerelli">
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<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8AE551A8B5F842A954F86A" box="[755,864,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">cockerelli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group, with the anterior edge of the prepectus often the only consistent difference between members of the groups.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="84C26524FF8BE550AA81FF4DABA6FB80" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF8BE550AA81FF4DAFA9FE74" blockId="23.[151,1437,150,1113]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AA81FF4DAB8BFF68" bold="true" box="[199,447,150,177]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Description. Female.</emphasis>
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Length
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<quantity id="0B209B4AFF8BE550A858FF4DA89DFF68" box="[542,681,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="2.85" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.2">2.2–3.5 mm</quantity>
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.
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<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550A8F2FF4DA8C9FF69" bold="true" box="[692,765,150,176]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Color.</emphasis>
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Antennal flagellum brown. Mandible brown. Coxae brown with iridescence; femora mostly brown, tips pale. Gaster brown with iridescence.
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<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AE6BFF60AE40FF0C" bold="true" box="[1069,1140,187,213]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Head.</emphasis>
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Face reticulate; longitudinal groove between eye and torulus absent; malar depression weakly impressed adjacent to mouth; clypeus weakly sculptured; anterior tentorial pit strongly impressed. Labrum with 4 digits. Mandibular formula 3:2. Occiput imbricate, emarginate in dorsal view; temples present, rounded. Scape not reaching median ocellus. Flagellum with 7 funiculars; anellus disc-shaped; funiculars subequal in length distally, equal in width; clava subovate.
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<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AF51FE90AFA8FEBC" bold="true" box="[1303,1436,331,357]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
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Mesoscutal midlobe, frenum, propodeal disc, and propleuron reticulate. Prepectus reticulate. Mesepisternum reticulate, broadly rounded anterior to mid coxa. Hind coxa reticulate. Hind wing costal cell with a broad bare area.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF8BE550AAD1FE6CAF20FE2C" blockId="23.[151,1437,150,1113]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AAD1FE6CAB2FFE08" bold="true" box="[151,283,439,465]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Metasoma.</emphasis>
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Antecostal sulcus foveate; acrosternite posteriorly rounded; apical setae of hypopygium with several long hairs on each side of the midline. First (ventral) valvula with 6–8 small, narrowly separated teeth.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF8BE550AA81FE24A836FDE4" blockId="23.[151,1437,150,1113]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AA81FE24AB3FFDC0" bold="true" box="[199,267,511,537]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Male.</emphasis>
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Length 1.7–3.0 mm. Scape brown with iridescence; flagellum with 7 funiculars, anellus disc-shaped. Femora mostly brown, tips pale.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF8BE550AA81FD9DABA6FB80" blockId="23.[151,1437,150,1113]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AA81FD9DAB46FDB9" bold="true" box="[199,370,582,608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Phylogenetics.</emphasis>
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Four species in the
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<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550A80CFD9CA8CAFDB8" box="[586,766,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
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<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550A80CFD9CA8CAFDB8" box="[586,766,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Orasema bakeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group have been molecularly sampled for Sanger-sequenced genes:
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<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550AAA0FDB0AB60FD5D" box="[230,340,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">
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<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AAA0FDB0AB60FD5D" box="[230,340,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">O. texana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550AB25FDB0ABF9FD5C" box="[355,461,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
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<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AB25FDB0ABF9FD5C" box="[355,461,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">O. bakeri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550AB9AFDB0A810FD5D" authorityName="Chien & Heraty" authorityYear="2018" box="[476,548,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taii">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AB9AFDB0A810FD5D" box="[476,548,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">O. taii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550A825FDB0A8D7FD5C" authorityName="Baker & Heraty" authorityYear="2020" box="[611,739,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550A825FDB0A8D7FD5C" box="[611,739,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">O. dubitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550A96AFDB0A9A3FD5C" box="[812,919,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550A96AFDB0A9A3FD5C" box="[812,919,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">O. bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been sequenced with AHE. Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550AAD1FD54AB34FD70" box="[151,256,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AAD1FD54AB34FD70" box="[151,256,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">O. bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550AB75FD54AB85FD70" authorityName="Baker & Heraty" authorityYear="2020" box="[307,433,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AB75FD54AB85FD70" box="[307,433,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">O. dubitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A8494B5EFF8BE550ABB5FD54A8F7FD70" author="Baker, A. J. & Heraty, J. M. & Mottern, J. & Zhang, J. & Hines, H. M. & Lemmon, A. R. & Lemmon, E. M." box="[499,707,655,681]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref61587" refString="Baker, A. J., Heraty, J. M., Mottern, J., Zhang, J., Hines, H. M., Lemmon, A. R. & Lemmon, E. M. (2020) Inverse dispersal patterns in a group of ant parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae: Oraseminae) and their ant hosts. Systematic Entomology, 45, 1 - 19. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12371" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Baker
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550A87AFD54A858FD70" box="[572,620,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
were misidentified: “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550A9E9FD54AE21FD70" box="[943,1045,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orasema</taxonomicName>
|
||
_nr_bakeri_
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B4CF763FFF8BE550AEE7FD54AEEEFD70" box="[1185,1242,655,681]" name="United States of America" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:AZ_AE_D4097” is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550AAF3FD68AB10FD14" box="[181,292,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AAF3FD68AB10FD14" box="[181,292,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">O. bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UCRCENT00411576), whereas “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550A8F1FD68A92AFD14" box="[695,798,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orasema</taxonomicName>
|
||
_bakeri_
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B4CF763FFF8BE550A9C2FD68A989FD14" box="[900,957,691,717]" name="United States of America" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:AZ_D3720” and “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550AED2FD68AECEFD14" box="[1172,1274,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Orasema</taxonomicName>
|
||
_bakeri_
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B4CF763FFF8BE550AF26FD68AFADFD14" box="[1376,1433,691,717]" name="United States of America" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: FL_D3153” are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550AB11FD0CA812FD28" authorityName="Baker & Heraty" authorityYear="2020" box="[343,550,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AB11FD0CA812FD28" box="[343,550,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Orasema dubitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UCRCENT00352479, UCRCENT00292550, respectively). The
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AF5BFD0CAAC0FCCC" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">bakeri-taiidubitata</emphasis>
|
||
clade consists of the most difficult species to delimit in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550A9FAFD20AE30FCCC" box="[956,1028,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550A9FAFD20AE30FCCC" box="[956,1028,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550AE27FD20AF1BFCCC" authorityName="Baker & Heraty" authorityYear="2020" box="[1121,1327,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AE27FD20AF1BFCCC" box="[1121,1327,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Orasema dubitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first recognized as distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550AB92FCC4A80BFCE0" box="[468,575,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AB92FCC4A80BFCE0" box="[468,575,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">O. bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a number of differences in Sanger sequenced genes (18S rDNA has one nucleotide difference; 28S D2 rDNA two differences; 28S D3–5 rDNA four differences; COI-BC (cytochrome oxidase I barcoding) mtDNA six amino acid changes and at least 15 unambiguous nucleotide differences; COI-NJ (cytochrome oxidase I NJ) mtDNA has one amino acid change and three unambiguous nucleotide differences), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550AAD1FC74AAEBFC11" authorityName="Chien & Heraty" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,223,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taii">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AAD1FC74AAEBFC11" box="[151,223,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">O. taii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has only a small number of differences from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550A899FC74A96AFC10" authorityName="Baker & Heraty" authorityYear="2020" box="[735,862,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550A899FC74A96AFC10" box="[735,862,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">O. dubitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(28S D2 has one difference; COI-NJ has no amino acid changes but at least 13 nucleotide changes). Because of difficulty separating the species in this group morphologically, references to the GenBank sequences from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A8494B5EFF8BE550A950FC2CA9DEFBC8" author="Baker, A. J. & Heraty, J. M. & Mottern, J. & Zhang, J. & Hines, H. M. & Lemmon, A. R. & Lemmon, E. M." box="[790,1002,1015,1041]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref61587" refString="Baker, A. J., Heraty, J. M., Mottern, J., Zhang, J., Hines, H. M., Lemmon, A. R. & Lemmon, E. M. (2020) Inverse dispersal patterns in a group of ant parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae: Oraseminae) and their ant hosts. Systematic Entomology, 45, 1 - 19. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12371" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Baker
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550A926FC2CA9ADFBC8" box="[864,921,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are provided at the end of the material examined;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550AB53FBC0AB6AFBED" authorityName="Chien & Heraty" authorityYear="2018" box="[277,350,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taii">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AB53FBC0AB6AFBED" box="[277,350,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">O. taii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UCRCENT00243359; D4717) sequences are: 28S D2 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="D38BAB4CFF8BE550A9AFFBC0AE44FBEC" box="[1001,1136,1051,1077]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MH247391" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MH247391</accessionNumber>
|
||
), 28S D3–5 (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="D38BAB4CFF8BE550AF4FFBC1AFA4FBEC" box="[1289,1424,1050,1077]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MH247544" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MH247544</accessionNumber>
|
||
), COI-NJ (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="D38BAB4CFF8BE550AAB9FBE5ABB3FB80" box="[255,391,1086,1113]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MH247756" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MH247756</accessionNumber>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="98A76627FF8BE550AAD1F806A98AF82F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297725" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4297725" box="[151,958,2013,2038]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297725/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" startId="23.[151,250,2013,2037]" targetBox="[211,1377,1137,1990]" targetPageId="23">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF8BE550AAD1F806A98AF82F" blockId="23.[151,958,2013,2038]" box="[151,958,2013,2038]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550AAD1F806AB2CF82F" bold="true" box="[151,280,2013,2038]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">FIGURE 11</emphasis>
|
||
. Distribution map of species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF8BE550A8C4F805A912F82F" box="[642,806,2014,2038]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF8BE550A8C4F805A912F82F" box="[642,806,2014,2038]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Orasema bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="84C26524FF84E55FAAD1FF4CAFA9FC4D" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF84E55FAAD1FF4CA939FF68" blockId="24.[151,781,151,178]" box="[151,781,151,178]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAAD1FF4CA939FF68" bold="true" box="[151,781,151,178]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Key to species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF84E55FABDBFF4CA86AFF6B" ID-CoL="74RB9" box="[413,606,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FABDBFF4CA86AFF6B" bold="true" box="[413,606,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Orasema bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<key id="B849619EFF84E55FAAD1FF07AFA9FC4D" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<keyStep id="772C2E0AFF84E55FAAD1FF07AFA8FE5D" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF84E55FAAD1FF07AFA8FEF5" blockId="24.[151,1437,220,917]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<keyLead id="7729959AFF84E55FAAD1FF07AFA8FEF5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAAD1FF07AA9FFF2B" bold="true" box="[151,171,220,242]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">1)</emphasis>
|
||
Female petiole usually wider than long (PTL:PTW = 0.6–1.3), male PTL:PTW = 1.5–3.0; head wide (HH:IOD = 1.0–1.2); notauli relatively deep such that in dorsal view mesoscutal lateral lobes appear discontinuous with curvature of midlobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FAF34FF22AB33FEF5" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Orasema bablyi. Holotype female (UCRCENT00245271): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Paratype male (UCRCENT00245279): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297727/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs 12F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FAB57FECCAB0CFEF4" box="[273,312,279,301]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-22@34.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 16. Orasema texana. Female (UCRCENT00412495): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Male (UCRCENT00311934): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297735/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">16F</figureCitation>
|
||
)............................................................................................
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAFD6FECCAFA8FEF5" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,279,300]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">2</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF84E55FAAD1FEEFAFA8FE5D" blockId="24.[151,1437,220,917]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<keyLead id="7729959AFF84E55FAAD1FEEFAFA8FE5D" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAAD1FEEFAAABFE90" bold="true" box="[151,159,308,329]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">-</emphasis>
|
||
Female petiole usually longer than wide (PTL:PTW = 0.8–1.5), male PTL:PTW = 0.8–4.9; head more triangular (HH:IOD = 1.2–1.5); notauli relatively shallow such that in dorsal view mesoscutal lateral lobes appear continuous with curvature of midlobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FAB5EFEB4AB5AFE5D" box="[280,366,367,389]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,493,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-158@27.[159,1429,489,1920]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 13. Orasema bakeri. Paratype female (UCRCENT00247810): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral, arrow indicating lack of anterior prepectal carina; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Allotype male (UCRCENT00247804): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297729/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs 13F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FAB3EFEB4ABA9FE5D" box="[376,413,367,388]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-17@29.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Orasema dubitata. Holotype female (UCRCENT00471759): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Paratype male (UCRCENT00305342): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297731/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">14F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FABE1FEB4ABFAFE5C" box="[423,462,367,389]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1746,1770]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,279,1717]" captionTargetId="figure-67@32.[151,1436,274,1722]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 15. Orasema polymyrmex. Holotype female (UCRCENT00311872): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Paratype male (UCRCENT00416800): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297733/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">15F</figureCitation>
|
||
)...............................................................................
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAFD6FEB4AFA8FE5D" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,367,388]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">3</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="772C2E0AFF84E55FAAD1FE57AFA9FD88" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF84E55FAAD1FE57AFA9FE04" blockId="24.[151,1437,220,917]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<keyLead id="7729959AFF84E55FAAD1FE57AFA9FE04" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAAD1FE57AA9FFE7B" bold="true" box="[151,171,396,418]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">2)</emphasis>
|
||
Midlobe of mesoscutum with medial impression, lateral lobes reticulate to finely imbricate on dorsal surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FAEB9FE57AF61FE7B" box="[1279,1365,396,418]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-22@34.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 16. Orasema texana. Female (UCRCENT00412495): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Male (UCRCENT00311934): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297735/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 16F</figureCitation>
|
||
); upper mesepisternum reticulate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FABA7FE72A80EFE66" box="[481,570,425,447]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-22@34.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 16. Orasema texana. Female (UCRCENT00412495): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Male (UCRCENT00311934): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297735/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 16C</figureCitation>
|
||
); female scape yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FA959FE72A94CFE66" box="[799,888,425,447]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-22@34.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 16. Orasema texana. Female (UCRCENT00412495): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Male (UCRCENT00311934): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297735/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 16D</figureCitation>
|
||
); male antenna with setae semi-erect, curved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FAF7FFE72AFA5FE66" box="[1337,1425,425,447]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-22@34.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 16. Orasema texana. Female (UCRCENT00412495): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Male (UCRCENT00311934): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297735/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 16E</figureCitation>
|
||
); propodeum with medial carina (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FA853FE1CA858FE04" box="[533,620,455,477]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-22@34.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 16. Orasema texana. Female (UCRCENT00412495): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Male (UCRCENT00311934): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297735" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297735/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 16G</figureCitation>
|
||
) (southern Nearctic)................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF84E55FAEFCFE1CAFA9FE04" ID-CoL="6SRCF" authority="Gahan" authorityName="Gahan" box="[1210,1437,455,477]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="texana">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAEFCFE1CAF6CFE05" box="[1210,1368,455,476]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Orasema texana</emphasis>
|
||
Gahan
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF84E55FAAD1FE3FAFA9FD88" blockId="24.[151,1437,220,917]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<keyLead id="7729959AFF84E55FAAD1FE3FAFA9FD88" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAAD1FE3FAAABFE20" bold="true" box="[151,159,484,505]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">-</emphasis>
|
||
Midlobe of mesoscutum without medial impression, lateral lobes reticulate with smooth patch on dorsal surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FAF7CFE3FAFA4FE23" box="[1338,1424,484,506]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Orasema bablyi. Holotype female (UCRCENT00245271): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Paratype male (UCRCENT00245279): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297727/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 12F</figureCitation>
|
||
); upper mesepisternum smooth to imbricate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FA8C6FDDAA8E3FDC1" box="[640,727,513,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Orasema bablyi. Holotype female (UCRCENT00245271): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Paratype male (UCRCENT00245279): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297727/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
|
||
); female scape dark brown with iridescence (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FAEC2FDDAAEE8FDC1" box="[1156,1244,513,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Orasema bablyi. Holotype female (UCRCENT00245271): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Paratype male (UCRCENT00245279): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297727/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 12D</figureCitation>
|
||
); male antenna with setae closely appressed, straight (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FA864FDC4A84CFDEC" box="[546,632,543,565]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Orasema bablyi. Holotype female (UCRCENT00245271): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Paratype male (UCRCENT00245279): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297727/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
|
||
); propodeum without medial carina (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FA99AFDC4AE07FDEC" box="[988,1075,543,565]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 12. Orasema bablyi. Holotype female (UCRCENT00245271): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Paratype male (UCRCENT00245279): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297727/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 12G</figureCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B4CF763FFF84E55FAE00FDC4AEF8FDED" box="[1094,1228,543,565]" name="United States of America" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
: TX, NC, SC)........................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF84E55FAE80FDE7AF54FD88" authority="Baker & Heraty, 2020" authorityName="Baker & Heraty" authorityYear="2020" box="[1222,1376,572,593]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bablyi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAE80FDE7AF54FD88" box="[1222,1376,572,593]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Orasema bablyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAF20FDE7AFA9FD88" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,572,593]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E59F57C6FF84E55FAF20FDE7AFA9FD88" box="[1382,1437,572,593]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="772C2E0AFF84E55FAAD1FD82AFA8FD70" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF84E55FAAD1FD82AFA8FD55" blockId="24.[151,1437,220,917]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<keyLead id="7729959AFF84E55FAAD1FD82AFA8FD55" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAAD1FD82AA9FFDB6" bold="true" box="[151,171,601,623]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">3)</emphasis>
|
||
Clava with distinct ventral notch separating two proximal clavomeres ventrally (dorsally fused) (
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAEC5FD82AEA0FDB7" box="[1155,1172,601,622]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">cf</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A8494B5EFF84E55FAEE7FD82AF46FDB6" author="Chien, I. & Heraty, J. M." box="[1185,1394,601,623]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref62091" refString="Chien, I. & Heraty, J. M. (2018) Come and gone: Description of a new species of Eucharitidae (Hymenoptera) attacking Solenopsis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Texas. Insect Systematics and Diversity, 2, 1 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / isd / ixx 012" type="journal article" year="2018">Chien & Heraty 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 8) (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B4CF763FFF84E55FAB44FDACABBCFD55" box="[258,392,631,653]" name="United States of America" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
: TX)..........................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF84E55FAE39FDACAFA8FD55" authority="Chien & Heraty" authorityName="Chien & Heraty" authorityYear="2018" box="[1151,1436,631,653]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taii">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAE39FDACAEC9FD55" box="[1151,1277,631,652]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Orasema taii</emphasis>
|
||
Chien & Heraty
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF84E55FAAD1FD4FAFA8FD70" blockId="24.[151,1437,220,917]" box="[151,1436,660,682]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<keyLead id="7729959AFF84E55FAAD1FD4FAFA8FD70" box="[151,1436,660,682]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAAD1FD4FAAABFD70" bold="true" box="[151,159,660,681]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">-</emphasis>
|
||
Clava without ventral notch, clavomeres completely fused.....................................................
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAFD6FD4FAFA8FD70" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,660,681]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">4</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="772C2E0AFF84E55FAAD1FD6AAFA8FCC6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF84E55FAAD1FD6AAFA9FD3D" blockId="24.[151,1437,220,917]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<keyLead id="7729959AFF84E55FAAD1FD6AAFA9FD3D" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAAD1FD6AAA9FFD1E" bold="true" box="[151,171,689,711]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">4)</emphasis>
|
||
Fore wing with marginal fringe present; female often with medial, differentially-colored depression on mesoscutellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FAF33FD6AAB3EFD3C" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1746,1770]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,279,1717]" captionTargetId="figure-67@32.[151,1436,274,1722]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 15. Orasema polymyrmex. Holotype female (UCRCENT00311872): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Paratype male (UCRCENT00416800): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297733" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297733/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 15F</figureCitation>
|
||
); male petiole often short (PTL:PTW = 0.8–2.7) (central to southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B4CF763FFF84E55FA9E7FD14A9D8FD3C" box="[929,1004,719,741]" name="Mexico" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
)............
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF84E55FAECBFD14AF54FD3D" authority="Baker & Heraty, 2020" authorityName="Baker & Heraty" authorityYear="2020" box="[1165,1376,719,740]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polymyrmex" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAECBFD14AF54FD3D" box="[1165,1376,719,740]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Orasema polymyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAF20FD14AFA9FD3D" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,719,740]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E59F57C6FF84E55FAF20FD14AFA9FD3D" box="[1382,1437,719,740]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF84E55FAAD1FD37AFA8FCC6" blockId="24.[151,1437,220,917]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<keyLead id="7729959AFF84E55FAAD1FD37AFA8FCC6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAAD1FD37AAABFCD8" bold="true" box="[151,159,748,769]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">-</emphasis>
|
||
Fore wing with marginal fringe sometimes absent; female without medial, differentially-colored depression on mesoscutellum; male petiole long (PTL:PTW = 2.8–5.0)...................................................................
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAFD6FCD1AFA8FCC6" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,778,799]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">5</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="772C2E0AFF84E55FAAD1FCFDAFA9FC4D" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF84E55FAAD1FCFDAFA9FC83" blockId="24.[151,1437,220,917]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<keyLead id="7729959AFF84E55FAAD1FCFDAFA9FC83" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAAD1FCFDAA9FFCE5" bold="true" box="[151,171,806,828]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">5)</emphasis>
|
||
Body size usually slightly larger (female 3.0–
|
||
<quantity id="0B209B4AFF84E55FA8DFFCFCA8D0FCE5" box="[665,740,807,829]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, male 2.4–3.0 mm); body usually with more green coloration (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FAF78FCFCAFA1FCE4" box="[1342,1429,807,829]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,493,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-158@27.[159,1429,489,1920]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 13. Orasema bakeri. Paratype female (UCRCENT00247810): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral, arrow indicating lack of anterior prepectal carina; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Allotype male (UCRCENT00247804): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297729" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297729/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
|
||
) (widespread Nearctic)................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF84E55FAEFAFC9FAFA9FC83" ID-CoL="74RB9" authority="Gahan" authorityName="Gahan" box="[1212,1437,836,858]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAEFAFC9FAF63FC80" box="[1212,1367,836,857]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Orasema bakeri</emphasis>
|
||
Gahan
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CC6736AFFF84E55FAAD1FCB9AFA9FC4D" blockId="24.[151,1437,220,917]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<keyLead id="7729959AFF84E55FAAD1FCB9AFA9FC4D" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAAD1FCB9AAABFCAE" bold="true" box="[151,159,866,887]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">-</emphasis>
|
||
Body size usually smaller (female
|
||
<quantity id="0B209B4AFF84E55FA868FCB9A890FCAE" box="[558,676,866,887]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="2.7" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.2">2.2–3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, male
|
||
<quantity id="0B209B4AFF84E55FA8A7FCB9A96CFCAE" box="[737,856,866,887]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="1.7">1.7–2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
); body usually with more violaceous or blue coloration (
|
||
<figureCitation id="54E32A2AFF84E55FAF33FCBAAB38FC4C" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1653,1677]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,186,1624]" captionTargetId="figure-17@29.[151,1436,181,1629]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Orasema dubitata. Holotype female (UCRCENT00471759): A, habitus, lateral; B, head, anterior; C, mesosoma, lateral; D, antenna; F, mesosoma, dorsal; G, propodeum, posterior. Paratype male (UCRCENT00305342): E, antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297731" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4297731/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
|
||
) (widespread Nearctic)...........................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BD84D2CFF84E55FAEF4FCA4AF54FC4D" authority="Baker & Heraty, 2020" authorityName="Baker & Heraty" authorityYear="2020" box="[1202,1376,895,916]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubitata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAEF4FCA4AF54FC4D" box="[1202,1376,895,916]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Orasema dubitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="FEACEABDFF84E55FAF20FCA4AFA9FC4D" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,895,916]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E59F57C6FF84E55FAF20FCA4AFA9FC4D" box="[1382,1437,895,916]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |