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<mods:title id="15645E0BC704CE1110DDD3F0E2B58788">Simulium (Hearlea) Vargas, Martínez Palacios, &amp; Díaz Nájera (Diptera: Simuliidae): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis</mods:title>
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(
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)
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Vargas &amp; Díaz Nájera
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(
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="EA562587FFE28B360719ED99FC4005B3" author="Vargas, L. &amp; Diaz Najera, A." box="[576,997,388,411]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="75 - 79" refId="ref24192" refString="Vargas, L. &amp; Diaz Najera, A. (1948) Nuevas especies de simulidos de Mexico y consideraciones diversas sobre especies ya descritas. Rev. Inst. Sal. Enf. Trop. Mexico. 9 (1): 75 - 79, 12 pls." type="book chapter" year="1948">Vargas &amp; Díaz Nájera, 1948: 337341</bibRefCitation>
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, Figs. 4756; 1955: 166, 169, 170, 171, 173, 290, Figs. 99106;
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<bibRefCitation id="EA562587FFE28B3607FEEDB9FBB40593" author="Diaz Najera, A. &amp; Vulcano, M." box="[679,1041,420,443]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="91 - 144" refId="ref23368" refString="Diaz Najera, A. &amp;. Vulcano, M. A (1962) Claves para identificar las larvas de Simulidos del subgenero Hearlea, con descripcion de dos nuevas especies. Revista del Instituto de Salubridad y Enfermedades Tropicales, Mexico 22 (1 - 2), 91 - 144." type="journal article" year="1962">Díaz Nájera &amp; Vulcano, 1962: 93</bibRefCitation>
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, 122, Figs. 4650.
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<emphasis id="BCB38464FFE28B360451EDC3FEC605D0" bold="true" box="[264,355,478,504]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Female</emphasis>
: (Derived from
<bibRefCitation id="EA562587FFE28B36077FEDC2FCDC05D1" author="Vargas, L. &amp; Diaz Najera, A." box="[550,889,479,505]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="75 - 79" refId="ref24192" refString="Vargas, L. &amp; Diaz Najera, A. (1948) Nuevas especies de simulidos de Mexico y consideraciones diversas sobre especies ya descritas. Rev. Inst. Sal. Enf. Trop. Mexico. 9 (1): 75 - 79, 12 pls." type="book chapter" year="1948">Vargas &amp; Díaz Nájera, 1948</bibRefCitation>
). Wing length,
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. General coloration blackish, with golden pilosity. Scutum black with 1+1 silvery vittae, joining anteriorly with 1+1 silvery subtriangular spots. Legs yellowish, with apices of femora, tibiae, and tarsomeres black. Basal portion of cibarium smooth, with anterior margin thickened, gradually elevated sublaterally. Sc haired. Genitalia as in
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.
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: Wing length,
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. Coloration similar to that of female. Scutum black, with grayish pruinosity on anterior 1/3 interrupted medially. Sc with scarce hairs. Hind basitarsus 3.6 times longer than wide Ventral plate with short, haired, median carina.
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<emphasis id="BCB38464FFE28B360461EF03FED20710" bold="true" box="[312,375,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pupa</emphasis>
: (
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). Cocoon slipper shaped, coarsely woven, anterior margin reinforced. Length (at base),
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. Gill (
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) inflated, annulated, comprised of 3 branches; medial and ventral branches subequal in size; dorsal branch
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, 1/4 or less length of other branches, directed posteromedially, accuminate apically (
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); medial branch
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, subcylindrical, capitate, directed anterolaterally, with 34 small apical protuberances (
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); ventral branch
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, laterally compressed, curved anteromedially, blunt apically, with one or more small apical protuberances (
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). Frontoclypeus and thorax with few, iregularly sized granules.
</paragraph>
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: Length,
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. Coloration grayish green; cephalic apotome without headspots, slightly darkened mediobasally. Labral fan with 4244 primary rays. Antenna as long as stalk of labral fan, median article with 2 whitish subannulations. Mandible with strong curvature on superíor side, with 6 internal and 2 marginal teeth, the last well developed. Ratio of antennal articles = 1:1.31.4:1.01.1 (proximal: medial: distal). Postgenal cleft gradually curved, with narrow apical incision. Hypostoma with anterior margin straight, 1113 lateral setae per side, and 3+3 discal setae; median tooth longer than others; ratio of hypostoma/hypostomal bridge = 0.8. Posterior circlet with 144 rows of 2123 hooks. Rectal papillae 1824 lobules, consisting of large dorsal and 57 smaller ventral lobules per lobe.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C6DD0BFDFFE28B360461E9DBFB590221" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8E785876FFE28B360461E9DBFB590221" blockId="17.[264,1325,478,1905]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="BCB38464FFE28B360461E9DBFD8401C8" bold="true" box="[312,545,1478,1504]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Material examined</emphasis>
:
<materialsCitation id="3EAF522BFFE28B36076CE9DAFB5C0221" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3336530347" collectingDate="1948-08-31" collectionCode="MLP, INDRE" collectorName="de Alcutzingo" country="Mexico" location="Cumbres de Alcutzingo" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-larva="5" specimenCount-pupa="2" stateProvince="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave">
<collectingCountry id="F6D018E6FFE28B36076CE9DAFD3701C9" box="[565,658,1479,1505]" name="Mexico" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">México</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="4C039694FFE28B3607FAE9DAFCAB01C9" box="[675,782,1479,1505]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8B180EADFFE28B360647E9DAFBE401C9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:066EE960FFE28B360451ED01FD5A0359:8B180EADFFE28B360647E9DAFBE401C9" box="[798,1089,1479,1505]" country="Mexico" name="Cumbres de Alcutzingo" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave">
Cumbres
<collectorName id="23323DA0FFE28B3606CCE9DAFBE401C9" box="[917,1089,1479,1505]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">de Alcutzingo</collectorName>
</location>
, 1 pharate male,
<specimenCount id="98C193FFFFE28B360045E9DAFEE70221" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="larva">1 larva</specimenCount>
(on slides),
<specimenCount id="98C193FFFFE28B36048AE9F2FD8A0221" box="[467,559,1519,1545]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="pupa">2 pupae</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="98C193FFFFE28B360731E9F2FD6D0221" box="[616,712,1519,1545]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="larva">4 larvae</specimenCount>
,
<date id="FA797EB6FFE28B36078DE9F2FC340221" box="[724,913,1519,1545]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1948-08-31">
<collectingDate id="EA3D875EFFE28B36078DE9F2FC340221" box="[724,913,1519,1545]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1948-08-31">31 August 1948</collectingDate>
</date>
, Cordova, (
<collectionCode id="E8D6C0B3FFE28B360140E9F2FBFC0221" box="[1049,1113,1519,1545]" country="Argentina" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/66si-588n" name="Museo de La Plata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">MLP</collectionCode>
) leg.
<collectionCode id="E8D6C0B3FFE28B3601C2E9F2FB5C0221" box="[1179,1273,1519,1545]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/w085-w10e" name="Pathogen Fungi and Actinomycetes Collection" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">INDRE</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C6DD0BFDFFE28B360461EA0BFD170219" box="[312,690,1558,1585]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8E785876FFE28B360461EA0BFD170219" blockId="17.[264,1325,478,1905]" box="[312,690,1558,1585]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="BCB38464FFE28B360461EA0BFE6F0218" bold="true" box="[312,458,1558,1584]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Distribution</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="F6D018E6FFE28B360483EA0AFD930219" box="[474,566,1559,1585]" name="Mexico" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">México</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="4C039694FFE28B36071BEA0AFD0B0219" box="[578,686,1559,1585]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C6DD0BFDFFE28B360461EA23FD5A0359" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8E785876FFE28B360461EA23FD5A0359" blockId="17.[264,1325,478,1905]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="BCB38464FFE28B360461EA23FE190270" bold="true" box="[312,444,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Discussion</emphasis>
: The female is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="49C723F5FFE28B36067BEA22FC160270" box="[802,947,1599,1624]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delatorrei">
<emphasis id="BCB38464FFE28B36067BEA22FC160270" box="[802,947,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. delatorrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="49C723F5FFE28B3606B5EA22FB0B0270" box="[1004,1198,1599,1624]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="larvispinosum">
<emphasis id="BCB38464FFE28B3606B5EA22FB0B0270" box="[1004,1198,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. larvispinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The pupa is structurally close to
<taxonomicName id="49C723F5FFE28B360741EA7AFD1702A8" authorityName="Vargas &amp; Diaz Najera" authorityYear="1957" box="[536,690,1639,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canadense">
<emphasis id="BCB38464FFE28B360741EA7AFD1702A8" box="[536,690,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. canadense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="49C723F5FFE28B3607B7EA7AFCFD02A8" box="[750,856,1639,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burchi">
<emphasis id="BCB38464FFE28B3607B7EA7AFCFD02A8" box="[750,856,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. burchi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but
<taxonomicName id="49C723F5FFE28B3606CEEA7AFB9702A8" authorityName="Vargas &amp; Diaz Najera" authorityYear="1957" box="[919,1074,1639,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canadense">
<emphasis id="BCB38464FFE28B3606CEEA7AFB9702A8" box="[919,1074,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. canadense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a slipper­shaped cocoon and
<taxonomicName id="49C723F5FFE28B3604C1EA92FDA40280" box="[408,513,1679,1704]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burchi">
<emphasis id="BCB38464FFE28B3604C1EA92FDA40280" box="[408,513,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. burchi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a more anterodorsally directed, more finely woven cocoon. The larva is similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="49C723F5FFE28B360768EAAAFD0602F8" box="[561,675,1719,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethelae">
<emphasis id="BCB38464FFE28B360768EAAAFD0602F8" box="[561,675,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. ethelae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the latter has 3639 lobules (versus 1824) on the rectal papillae. The larva of
<taxonomicName id="49C723F5FFE28B36070DEAC2FD4302D0" box="[596,742,1759,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delatorrei">
<emphasis id="BCB38464FFE28B36070DEAC2FD4302D0" box="[596,742,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. delatorrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also similar but has 114 rows of hooks (versus 144) on the posterior circlet and 79 (versus 1113) lateral hypostomal setae per side. Female of
<taxonomicName id="49C723F5FFE28B3604D3EB32FD970360" box="[394,562,1839,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="contrerense">
<emphasis id="BCB38464FFE28B3604D3EB32FD970360" box="[394,562,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">S. contrerense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very close, but silvery vittae of scutum not adjoining anteriorly, and the pupa gill has only 2 branches.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>