450 lines
53 KiB
XML
450 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="9423170C333E785840FDB778FC709331" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3700.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e3577bac-9620-4b98-904b-935228c918b9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="216107" ID-ZooBank="153B3E22-7C34-474D-9FF8-7B381BE5CDA6" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460664072544" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Linkem, Charles W. & Brown, Rafe M." docDate="2013" docId="DE2187C6FFDDFF84FF6AFB1F6DE840DB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03700p533.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3700 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Parvoscincus decipiens Boulenger 1894" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="525" masterDocId="2218FFBEFFCBFF9CFFFDFFA2686A4643" masterDocTitle="Systematic revision of the Parvoscincus decipiens (Boulenger, 1894) complex of Philippine forest skinks (Squamata: Scincidae: Lygosominae) with descriptions of seven new species" masterLastPageNumber="533" masterPageNumber="501" pageNumber="523" updateTime="1698347816056" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="04E4A7978D07DD930B8CE4CF30C87BB4">Systematic revision of the Parvoscincus decipiens (Boulenger, 1894) complex of Philippine forest skinks (Squamata: Scincidae: Lygosominae) with descriptions of seven new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4C0C380E03CAEA27A03979AAD3AF033D">Linkem, Charles W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5EF0497D76765B59E08C4CD88F4CEE33">Brown, Rafe M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E9C5922DF3BEA6E53F265376B93BA984">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C27D3BA5681FC60AE1638BAC3B093E0A">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FCD8CA44155E0873E49273A8E3083149">3700</mods:number>
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<treatment id="DE2187C6FFDDFF84FF6AFB1F6DE840DB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5617927" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119574991" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5617927" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE2187C6FFDDFF84FF6AFB1F6DE840DB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DE2187C6FFDDFF84FF6AFB1F6DE840DB" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="525" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<subSubSection id="1E92655BFFDDFF8AFF6AFB1F6A26437D" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF6AFB1F6B0C4294" blockId="22.[151,870,1213,1272]" box="[151,870,1213,1239]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<heading id="0D7F81BCFFDDFF8AFF6AFB1F6B0C4294" bold="true" box="[151,870,1213,1239]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF6AFB1F6B0C4294" bold="true" box="[151,870,1213,1239]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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Redescription of
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<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFE91FB1F6B0C4294" authority="Boulenger, 1894" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1894" box="[364,870,1213,1239]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFE91FB1F6AEE4294" bold="true" box="[364,644,1213,1239]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Parvoscincus decipiens</emphasis>
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(Boulenger, 1894)
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF6AFB7D69BE42B4" blockId="22.[151,870,1213,1272]" box="[151,468,1247,1272]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<figureCitation id="CEB32A55FFDDFF8AFF6AFB7D688C42BB" box="[151,230,1247,1272]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1527,1549]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,193,1505]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1506]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Partitioned Bayesian majority rule consensus estimate of molecular phylogeny from the ND 2 data of Parvoscincus. Populations within the P. decipiens complex are genetically unique and are diagnosed as new species based on morphological differences. Black circles label nodes with posterior probabilities above 0.95." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216109/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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; 3F; 4A, B, C; 5A, B
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF6AFA8B6A26437D" blockId="22.[151,1436,1320,1679]" box="[151,588,1320,1342]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFF6AFA8B6A26437D" authority="Boulenger, 1894: 734" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityPageNumber="734" authorityYear="1894" box="[151,588,1320,1342]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lygosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF6AFA8B6909437D" box="[151,355,1320,1342]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Lygosoma decipiens</emphasis>
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: Boulenger, 1894: 734
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1E92655BFFDDFF8AFF6AFAEA6A424096" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="description">
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<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF6AFAEA6A4A431F" blockId="22.[151,1436,1320,1679]" box="[151,544,1350,1373]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFF6AFAEA6A4A431F" authority="Smith, 1937: 220" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="220" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,544,1350,1373]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lygosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF6AFAEA6909431F" box="[151,355,1350,1373]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Lygosoma decipiens</emphasis>
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: Smith, 1937: 220
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF6AFAC76A524338" blockId="22.[151,1436,1320,1679]" box="[151,568,1381,1403]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFF6AFAC76A444338" authority="Taylor, 1922" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,558,1381,1403]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Sphenomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF6AFAC769F54338" box="[151,415,1381,1403]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Sphenomorphus decipiens</emphasis>
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: Taylor, 1922
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</taxonomicName>
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a
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF6AFA276AAC43D9" blockId="22.[151,1436,1320,1679]" box="[151,710,1412,1434]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFF6AFA276AAC43D9" authority="Boettger, 1897" authorityName="Boettger" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,710,1412,1434]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lygosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moellendorffi" subGenus="Homolepida">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF6AFA276A4343D9" box="[151,553,1412,1434]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Lygosoma (Homolepida) moellendorffi:</emphasis>
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Boettger, 1897
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF6AFA006A0B43FB" blockId="22.[151,1436,1320,1679]" box="[151,609,1442,1464]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFF6AFA006A3C43FB" authority="Taylor, 1922" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1922" box="[151,598,1442,1464]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Sphenomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moellendorffi">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF6AFA0069A243FB" box="[151,456,1442,1464]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Sphenomorphus moellendorffi</emphasis>
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: Taylor, 1922
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</taxonomicName>
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a
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF6AFA636A554394" blockId="22.[151,1436,1320,1679]" box="[151,575,1473,1495]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFF6AFA636A554394" authority="Taylor, 1915" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,575,1473,1495]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Sphenomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtirostris">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF6AFA6369DB4394" box="[151,433,1473,1495]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Sphenomorphus curtirostris</emphasis>
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: Taylor, 1915
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF6AFA436A6B43B5" blockId="22.[151,1436,1320,1679]" box="[151,513,1504,1526]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFF6AFA436A6B43B5" authority="Smith, 1937" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,513,1504,1526]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Otosaurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtirostris">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF6AFA43691243B5" box="[151,376,1505,1526]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Otosaurus curtirostris</emphasis>
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: Smith, 1937
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF6AF9A26B5F4057" blockId="22.[151,1436,1320,1679]" box="[151,821,1534,1557]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFF6AF9A26B5F4057" authority="Brown and Alcala, 1970" authorityName="Brown and Alcala" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,821,1534,1557]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lygosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtirostris" subGenus="Sphenomorphus">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF6AF9A26A5A4056" box="[151,560,1534,1557]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Lygosoma (Sphenomorphus) curtirostris</emphasis>
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: Brown and Alcala, 1970
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF6AF9BF6B7C4070" blockId="22.[151,1436,1320,1679]" box="[151,790,1565,1587]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFF6AF9BF6AB24070" authority="Brown and Alcala, 1980: 186" authorityName="Brown and Alcala" authorityPageNumber="186" authorityYear="1980" box="[151,728,1565,1587]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Sphenomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF6AF9BF69F54070" box="[151,415,1565,1587]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Sphenomorphus decipiens</emphasis>
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: Brown and Alcala, 1980: 186
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</taxonomicName>
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(part)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF6AF99F6ABC4011" blockId="22.[151,1436,1320,1679]" box="[151,726,1596,1618]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFF6AF99F6ABC4011" authority="Linkem, Diesmos, Brown, 2011" authorityName="Linkem, Diesmos, Brown" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,726,1596,1618]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF6AF99F69EF4011" box="[151,389,1596,1618]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Parvoscincus decipiens</emphasis>
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: Linkem, Diesmos, Brown, 2011
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF6AF9F9689040CC" blockId="22.[151,1436,1320,1679]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFF6AF9F96B384033" authority="Brown, Siler, Oliveros, Welton, Rock, Swab" authorityName="Brown, Siler, Oliveros, Welton, Rock, Swab" box="[151,850,1626,1648]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF6AF9F969EF4033" box="[151,389,1626,1648]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Parvoscincus decipiens</emphasis>
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: Brown, Siler, Oliveros, Welton, Rock, Swab
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</taxonomicName>
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, van Weerd, van Beijnen, Jose, Rodriguez, Jose, Diesmos, 2013
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF6AF91E6A424096" blockId="22.[151,1436,1724,2037]" box="[151,552,1724,1749]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF6AF91E69684096" bold="true" box="[151,258,1724,1749]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
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<typeStatus id="89338872FFDDFF8AFF6AF91E69684096" box="[151,258,1724,1749]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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. BMNH 1946.8.16.95–96
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1E92655BFFDDFF8AFF3AF97D6A88415E" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="materials_examined">
|
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<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF3AF97D6C8E40BB" blockId="22.[151,1436,1724,2037]" box="[199,1252,1759,1784]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF3AF97D69D840BB" bold="true" box="[199,434,1759,1784]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Referred specimens</emphasis>
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. KU 326592–99, KU 326601, KU 326603, KU 326606, KU 326608–11.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF3AF8A66A88415E" blockId="22.[151,1436,1724,2037]" box="[199,738,1796,1821]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF3AF8A6690F415E" bold="true" box="[199,357,1796,1821]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Genetic data.</emphasis>
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GenBank
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<accessionNumber id="49DBAB33FFDDFF8AFE20F8A66A3C415E" box="[477,598,1796,1821]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KF425395" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">KF425395</accessionNumber>
|
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–
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<accessionNumber id="49DBAB33FFDDFF8AFD98F8A66AB5415E" box="[613,735,1796,1821]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KF425444" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">KF425444</accessionNumber>
|
||
.
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||
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="1E92655BFFDDFF8BFF3AF8856B8446BB" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="524" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8AFF3AF8856BC741EF" blockId="22.[151,1436,1724,2037]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF3AF88569504103" bold="true" box="[199,314,1831,1856]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
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.
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<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFEB4F88B6A384103" box="[329,594,1831,1856]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
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<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFEB4F88B6A384103" box="[329,594,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Parvoscincus decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
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can be diagnosed by the following combination of characters: (1) A small body size (SVL at maturity
|
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<quantity id="91709B35FFDDFF8AFE2EF8EE6AFC4127" box="[467,662,1868,1893]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.782" metricValueMax="4.061999999999999" metricValueMin="3.502" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" unit="mm" value="37.82" valueMax="40.62" valueMin="35.02">35.02–40.62 mm</quantity>
|
||
); (2) MBSR = 30–34; (3) PV = 54–63; (4) dorsal scales non-striated without apical pits; (5) apical pits on hind limbs, variably present on forelimbs; (6) four enlarged supraoculars; (7) anterior loreal single; (8) three preoculars; (9) and 14–18 Toe IV SDL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFDDFF8BFF3AF81B6B8446BB" blockId="22.[151,1436,1724,2037]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1436,151,2027]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="524" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFF3AF81B69A44192" box="[199,462,1976,2001]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF3AF81B69A44192" box="[199,462,1976,2001]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Parvoscincus decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the sister species to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFD33F81B6B3F4192" box="[718,853,1976,2001]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abstrusus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFD33F81B6B3F4192" box="[718,853,1976,2001]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">P. abstrusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFCA1F81A6BDF4192" bold="true" box="[860,949,1976,2001]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FCF57B9FFDDFF8AFCA1F81A6BDF4192" box="[860,949,1976,2001]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFB4CF81B6D194193" box="[1201,1395,1977,2000]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jimmymcguirei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFB4CF81B6D194193" box="[1201,1395,1977,2000]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">P. jimmymcguirei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFA87F81A68A241B6" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FCF57B9FFDDFF8AFA87F81A68A241B6" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFF28F87F69E441B6" box="[213,398,2012,2037]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arvindiesmosi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFF28F87F69E441B6" box="[213,398,2012,2037]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">P. arvindiesmosi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFE69F87E698441B6" bold="true" box="[404,494,2012,2037]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FCF57B9FFDDFF8AFE69F87E698441B6" box="[404,494,2012,2037]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFDD6F87F6ACF41B7" box="[555,677,2013,2036]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agtorum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFDD6F87F6ACF41B7" box="[555,677,2013,2036]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">P. agtorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFD56F87E6B6E41B6" bold="true" box="[683,772,2012,2037]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FCF57B9FFDDFF8AFD56F87E6B6E41B6" box="[683,772,2012,2037]" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEB32A55FFDDFF8AFCE9F87E6B3341B7" box="[788,857,2012,2037]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1527,1549]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,193,1505]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1506]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Partitioned Bayesian majority rule consensus estimate of molecular phylogeny from the ND 2 data of Parvoscincus. Populations within the P. decipiens complex are genetically unique and are diagnosed as new species based on morphological differences. Black circles label nodes with posterior probabilities above 0.95." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216109/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDDFF8AFC91F87F6C1E41B6" box="[876,1140,2012,2037]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="22" pageNumber="523" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDDFF8AFC91F87F6C1E41B6" box="[876,1140,2012,2037]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="523">Parvoscincus decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDCFF8BFF6AFF3B693146F3" box="[151,347,153,176]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jimmymcguirei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDCFF8BFF6AFF3B693146F3" box="[151,347,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">P. jimmymcguirei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDCFF8BFE9FFF3569D746F3" bold="true" box="[354,445,151,176]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FCF57B9FFDCFF8BFE9FFF3569D746F3" box="[354,445,151,176]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by not having apical pits on the dorsum or forelimbs (vs. having apical pits on dorsum and forelimbs); by having white labials and throat (vs. dark brown mottling on labials and throat); having a thin dorsolateral band with a solid tan line dorsally (vs. broad dorsolateral band).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1E92655BFFDCFF8BFF3AFEA76ADB44AC" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFDCFF8BFF3AFEA769F447EE" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,2027]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDCFF8BFF3AFEA769A5475E" box="[199,463,260,285]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDCFF8BFF3AFEA769A5475E" box="[199,463,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">Parvoscincus decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDCFF8BFCFEFEA76BD7475E" box="[771,957,260,285]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arvindiesmosi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDCFF8BFCFEFEA76BD7475E" box="[771,957,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">P. arvindiesmosi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDCFF8BFC39FEA66C75475E" bold="true" box="[964,1055,260,285]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FCF57B9FFDCFF8BFC39FEA66C75475E" box="[964,1055,260,285]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by having a wider rostrum (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2E9F7640FFDCFF8BFA9DFEA66DF9475F" box="[1376,1427,260,284]" name="India" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">IND</collectingCountry>
|
||
/ Rost> 0.50 vs. <0.50); lacking apical pits on the dorsum and forelimbs (vs. apical pits present on forelimbs and dorsum); dorsum brown without dark brown spots laterally (vs. dark brown spots extending dorsally from the dorsolateral line); dorsolateral line thin and flanks light tan (vs. dorsolateral line broad, dark brown, and extending ventrally to mid-flank).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFDCFF8BFF3AFE1B6AEC4423" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,2027]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDCFF8BFF3AFE1B69BA4793" box="[199,464,439,464]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDCFF8BFF3AFE1B69BA4793" box="[199,464,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">Parvoscincus decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDCFF8BFCF8FE1B6BE74793" box="[773,909,439,464]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abstrusus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDCFF8BFCF8FE1B6BE74793" box="[773,909,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">P. abstrusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDCFF8BFC6BFE156B9A4793" bold="true" box="[918,1008,439,464]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FCF57B9FFDCFF8BFC6BFE156B9A4793" box="[918,1008,439,464]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by lacking apical pits on dorsum and forelimbs (vs. apical pits weak or absent on dorsum and present on forelimbs); having a single anterior loreal (vs. single or divided anterior loreal); males and females having white throat (vs. males with black throat and females with white throat); dorsolateral band thin with light tan line dorsally (vs. dorsolateral band thin, broken, and occasionally bordered by light tan dorsally).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFDCFF8BFF3AFDCF6ADB44AC" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,2027]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDCFF8BFF3AFDCF69A544C6" box="[199,463,620,645]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDCFF8BFF3AFDCF69A544C6" box="[199,463,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">Parvoscincus decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be diagnosed from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDCFF8BFD22FDCF6B3144C7" box="[735,859,621,644]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="agtorum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDCFF8BFD22FDCF6B3144C7" box="[735,859,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">P. agtorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDCFF8BFC9FFDCE6BD644C6" bold="true" box="[866,956,620,645]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FCF57B9FFDCFF8BFC9FFDCE6BD644C6" box="[866,956,620,645]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by the smaller body size (35.02–40.62 vs.
|
||
<quantity id="91709B35FFDCFF8BFF6AFD32696544EB" box="[151,271,656,680]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.491" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="44.91">44.91 mm</quantity>
|
||
); fewer paravertebral scales (54–63 vs. 71); fewer midbody scale row scales (30–34 vs. 39); light-tan dorsal coloration (vs. dark brown dorsal coloration); by the absence of a brown incomplete gular collar; and by the absence of a white line between the eye and ear.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1E92655BFFDCFF84FF3AFD5E6C2C445B" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="525" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFDCFF8BFF3AFD5E699D4222" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,2027]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDCFF8BFF3AFD5E6C614556" bold="true" box="[199,1035,764,789]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">
|
||
Redescription of species based on
|
||
<typeStatus id="89338872FFDCFF8BFD98FD5E6AA64556" box="[613,716,764,789]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
and referenced specimens
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. A small-sized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFDCFF8BFB3DFD5F6D3D4557" box="[1216,1367,765,788]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFDCFF8BFB3DFD5F6D3D4557" box="[1216,1367,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">Parvoscincus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, SVL
|
||
<quantity id="91709B35FFDCFF8BFF6AFCBD69794574" box="[151,275,799,824]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="38.0" valueMax="41.0" valueMin="35.0">35–41 mm</quantity>
|
||
, with clawed, pentadactyl limbs. Snout rounded in lateral profile with lower jaw slightly sunk; rostral wide forming an oval dorsal margin with the nasals and frontonasal scale; frontonasal wider than long, in contact with nasals, rostral, anterior loreals, and prefrontal scales; prefrontals in broad medial contact, left overlapping right, in contact with anterior and posterior loreals, frontal, frontonasal, and 1st supraciliary; frontal slightly longer than wide, in contact with two supraoculars, posterior apex acutely rounded; four enlarged supraoculars, 1st largest, 2nd widest; frontoparietals fused, in contact with three supraoculars; interparietal kite-shaped with posterior axis
|
||
<date id="22361010FFDCFF8BFA7DFC7E6DF645B6" box="[1408,1436,988,1013]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">6x</date>
|
||
longer than anterior axis, interparietal eye visible, positioned near posterior margin; parietals in broad overlap, left overlapping right, in contact with postsupraoculars, primary and secondary temporals; nuchals same size as dorsals, not obliquely enlarged.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFDCFF8BFF3AFBCE68B94320" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,2027]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">Nasal pierced in center by large naris, surrounded anteriorly by rostral, dorsally by frontonasal, posteriorly by anterior loreal, and ventrally by 1st supralabial, in point contact with 2nd supralabial; single anterior loreal, rectangular, taller than wide, posterior loreal wider and taller than anterior; preoculars two; seven supralabials, 4th widest and under center of eye; supraciliaries nine, anterior three and posterior two larger than rest of series; 10 ciliaries; lower eyelid scaly and transparent, lacking non-scaled “window;” suboculars eight, largest anteriorly; primary temporals one, secondary temporals three, lower overlapping upper; ear large, round, and moderately sunk.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFDCFF8BFF3AFACF69E243B0" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,2027]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">Infralabials seven, decreasing in size posteriorly in series; mental large, forming a straight suture with a single large postmental and first infralabials; postmental contacts anterior two infralabials; chin scales increasing in number posteriorly (one, three, five) and then blending into size and shape of gular scales; gular scales slightly smaller than ventrals.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFDCFF8BFF3AFA5F6AF840C0" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,2027]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">Body not elongate (AGD/SVL <0.5), cylindrical, with 31 to 34 equal-sized midbody scales, limbs overlapping when adpressed; lateral body scales with two or three rows of apical pits; paravertebral scales 58–63, imbricate, without apical pits. Tail elongate, slightly longer than body and cylindrical at base, slightly thicker dorsally than ventrally; subcaudal scales nondifferentiated.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFDCFF8BFF3AF92F6A004175" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,2027]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">Forelimbs smaller than hind limbs, pentadactyl; dorsal forelimb scales slightly smaller than body scale, ventral forelimb scales much smaller than ventral scales, dorsal and ventral forelimb scales imbricate, occasionally with rows of apical pits; multiple rows of dorsal scales on digits. Relative digit length IV> III> II> V> I. Palmar scales irregular, raised, forming ventral protrusions from palmar surface; large set of five scales on distolateral edge of Digit V to the wrist, largest scale at wrist.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFDCFF8BFF3AF8E06A0B41A8" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,2027]" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2E9F7640FFDCFF8BFF3AF8E068954118" box="[199,255,1858,1883]" name="India" pageId="23" pageNumber="524">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||
limbs small, pentadactyl; dorsal and ventral hind limb scales smaller than body scales; dorsal scales covered in apical pits, ventral scales with single row of apical pits; multiple scale rows on dorsal side of digits. Lamellae slightly keeled. Relative digit length: IV> III> V> II> I. Plantar scales irregular, slightly raised; four large, ventrally pointed scales along ankle/plantar margin; ventrally raised scales along distolateral edge of Digit V to ankle, increasing in size toward ankle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFD3FF84FF3AFF356B1B4696" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">Precloacal region with series of enlarged scales between pelvic region and cloaca, more elongate than ventral scales; medial precloacal scales larger, overlapping lateral scales.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFD3FF84FF3AFF7D6C2C445B" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FF3AFF7D692246BB" bold="true" box="[199,328,223,248]" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal ground color brown throughout; a series of small dark brown dorsovertebral spots from the nuchals to the base of the tail. Dorsolateral line broad near head, from posterior midline of eye to nuchal region tapering irregularly on ventral margin to forelimb and blending in midbody; bordered ventrally by narrow white line; bordered anteriorly by a tan line half a scale wide that continues down the entire length of the body and anterior of tail. Anterior to the forelimb and ventral to the dorsolateral line is some brown ticking that continues around the gular region. The ground color of the gular and ventral region is cream color. The ventrum from the gular region posteriorly and the ventral side of limbs are all cream without any markings. Distal portion of ventral tail has some brown ticking. Dorsal aspect of limbs light brown with posterior portion having some dark brown reticulation. Coloration in life does not differ substantially from that in preservative.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1E92655BFFD3FF84FF3AFD866CDE44EB" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFD3FF84FF3AFD866A5644C6" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FF3AFD8669D7447E" bold="true" box="[199,445,548,573]" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">
|
||
Distribution (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEB32A55FFD3FF84FE91FD8669D9447E" box="[364,435,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox="[311,1275,507,1947]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[311,1275,507,1949]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of Luzon Island showing the collection localities for the new species and P. decipiens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216108/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. This species occurs in abundance in the Sierra Madre Mountain Range of northeast Luzon in the Provinces of Isabela and Cagayan (Brown
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FCBDFDEB6B1D4423" box="[832,887,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013). This species occurs in sympatry with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FF6AFDCF69B144C7" box="[151,475,621,644]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jimmymcguirei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FF6AFDCF69B144C7" box="[151,475,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">Parvoscincus jimmymcguirei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FE1EFDCE6A5644C6" bold="true" box="[483,572,620,645]" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FCF57B9FFD3FF84FE1EFDCE6A5644C6" box="[483,572,620,645]" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFD3FF84FF3AFD2D6CDE44EB" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1688]" box="[199,1204,655,680]" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FF3AFD2D691744EB" bold="true" box="[199,381,655,680]" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">Natural history</emphasis>
|
||
. This species is found in mid-montane forest in leaf litter and under logs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1E92655BFFD3FF84FF3AFD1669B8433B" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFD3FF84FF3AFD1669E044B3" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FF3AFD16692C448E" bold="true" box="[199,326,692,717]" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The specific epithet was presumably derived, in the nominative case, from the Latin
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FABEFD166DFF448E" box="[1347,1429,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">decipio</emphasis>
|
||
, meaning “deceiving.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFD3FF84FF3AFD5E69B8433B" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FF3AFD5E6B02457B" bold="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">
|
||
Note on the taxonomic status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FD97FD5E6C544556" authority="Boettger, 1897" authorityName="Boettger" authorityYear="1897" box="[618,1086,763,789]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lygosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moellendorfi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FD97FD5E6BEA4557" bold="true" box="[618,896,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">Lygosoma moellendorfi</emphasis>
|
||
Boettger, 1897
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FBACFD596940457B" authority="Taylor, 1915" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1915" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Sphenomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FBACFD596DF64557" bold="true" box="[1105,1436,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">Sphenomorphus curtirostris</emphasis>
|
||
Taylor, 1915
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FE96FCBD6B09457B" authority="Brown, 1995" authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="1995" box="[363,867,799,824]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kitangladensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FE96FCBD6AD8457B" bold="true" box="[363,690,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">Parvoscincus kitangladensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Brown, 1995)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Although previous workers (Brown & Alcala 1980) have applied the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FE13FCE76A93451E" box="[494,761,836,861]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FE13FCE76A93451E" box="[494,761,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">Parvoscincus decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to selected populations from the southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2E9F7640FFD3FF84FB15FCE66D03451E" box="[1256,1385,836,861]" name="Philippines" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
, our comprehensive phylogenetic work (Linkem
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FD7BFCCB6ADC45C3" box="[646,694,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011; unpublished data) plus the results of this study convince us that all Mindanao populations previously identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FCF4FC2F6BFA45E6" box="[777,912,908,933]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FCF4FC2F6BFA45E6" box="[777,912,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are most likely best referred to the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FA7AFC2F698E458B" authority="Brown 1995" authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="1995" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kitangladensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FA7AFC2F6953458B" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. kitangladensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Brown 1995)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FE0CFC0D6B41458B" box="[497,811,943,968]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Sphenomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FE0CFC0D6B41458B" box="[497,811,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">Sphenomorphus curtirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by Taylor (1915) as a species found on Mindanao Island, and also consisted of samples from Mt. Makiling. Taylor’s concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FB91FC776D6F45AF" box="[1132,1285,981,1004]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Sphenomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FB91FC776D6F45AF" box="[1132,1285,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">S. curtirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to us to have been based on a combination of populations now known to consist of at least two species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FB22FC5B6DF64253" box="[1247,1436,1015,1040]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kitangladensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FB22FC5B6DF64253" box="[1247,1436,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. kitangladensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FF37FBBF693C4276" box="[202,342,1052,1077]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abstrusus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FF37FBBF693C4276" box="[202,342,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. abstrusus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FE9DFBBE69D44276" bold="true" box="[352,446,1052,1077]" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7FCF57B9FFD3FF84FE9DFBBE69D44276" box="[352,446,1052,1077]" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
). Since the
|
||
<typeStatus id="89338872FFD3FF84FDB2FBBF6A154276" box="[591,639,1053,1077]" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">type</typeStatus>
|
||
is from Mindanao Island, the name should be applied to Mindanao species, which we have re-assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FDB7FBE36B62421B" box="[586,776,1087,1112]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kitangladensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FDB7FBE36B62421B" box="[586,776,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. kitangladensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This presents a dilemma in that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FB83FBE36D7D421B" box="[1150,1303,1089,1112]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Sphenomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FB83FBE36D7D421B" box="[1150,1303,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. curtirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the older name and therefore would be the valid name for species currently considered
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FC04FBC76CD4423E" box="[1017,1214,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FC04FBC76CD0423E" box="[1017,1210,1124,1149]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kitangladensis">P. kitangladensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The descriptions of these two species do not completely overlap and with relatively poor sampling of populations from throughout eastern Mindanao it is difficult for us to determine whether
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FCB6FB0F6C614286" box="[843,1035,1196,1221]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kitangladensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FCB6FB0F6C614286" box="[843,1035,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. kitangladensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FBB8FB0F6C8B4287" box="[1093,1249,1197,1220]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Sphenomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FBB8FB0F6C8B4287" box="[1093,1249,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. curtirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are conspecific. Given the larger size of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FE55FB736A0C42AB" box="[424,614,1231,1256]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kitangladensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FE55FB736A0C42AB" box="[424,614,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. kitangladensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SVL
|
||
<quantity id="91709B35FFD3FF84FD49FB6D6B4542AB" box="[692,815,1231,1256]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" unit="mm" value="55.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="50.0">50–60 mm</quantity>
|
||
) it is possible that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FBF8FB736CAE42AB" box="[1029,1220,1231,1256]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kitangladensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FBF8FB736CAE42AB" box="[1029,1220,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. kitangladensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is separate from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FA7AFB73697E434F" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Sphenomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FA7AFB73697E434F" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. curtirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and that Mindanao specimens previously assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FC91FB576B9B434E" box="[876,1009,1268,1293]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FC91FB576B9B434E" box="[876,1009,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FB94FB576D68434F" box="[1129,1282,1269,1292]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Sphenomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FB94FB576D68434F" box="[1129,1282,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. curtirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the name should be re-elevated from synonymy. We prefer at this time to leave
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FC4CFABB6C214373" box="[945,1099,1305,1328]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Sphenomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="curtirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FC4CFABB6C214373" box="[945,1099,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. curtirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FAE8FABB6DF64373" box="[1301,1436,1303,1328]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FAE8FABB6DF64373" box="[1301,1436,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and to refer to all Mindanao specimens as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FD7FFA9F6B284316" box="[642,834,1340,1365]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kitangladensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FD7FFA9F6B284316" box="[642,834,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. kitangladensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
until a more thorough sampling of populations with tissue samples can be made.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1E92655BFFD3FF84FF3AFA276DE840DB" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="563736D0FFD3FF84FF3AFA276DE840DB" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FF3AFA2769A543DE" box="[199,463,1412,1437]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Lygosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moellendorfi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FF3AFA2769A543DE" box="[199,463,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">Lygosoma moellendorfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from Tablas Island and later synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FB60FA276D4E43DE" box="[1181,1316,1412,1437]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FB60FA276D4E43DE" box="[1181,1316,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Brown and Alcala (1980). There are seven specimens from Tablas Island (CAS 137285–7, CAS 137298–301, CAS 186119), three of which have been examined by us. These three specimens differ morphologically from all of the species recognized here, and probably represent a distinct lineage. The Tablas population has PV 75–82, MBSR 39–41, and Toe IV SDL 17–19, which are values slightly higher than all other species examined here. A more thorough examination of the Tablas Island samples and incorporation of molecular data may allow for the elevation of this population from the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91884D53FFD3FF84FD7CF9FF6B614036" box="[641,779,1628,1653]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Parvoscincus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="decipiens">
|
||
<emphasis id="64FCEAC2FFD3FF84FD7CF9FF6B614036" box="[641,779,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="525">P. decipiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, we prefer not to take taxonomic action until genetic samples are available to allow for the confident determination of the Tablas Island population’s affinities
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |