treatments-xml/data/7E/4B/87/7E4B87AFB102A236FF2BFD45FC95FC05.xml
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<mods:title id="D40E16AEEABD37BC1F811BF540F98552">The black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Vietnam</mods:title>
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<treatment id="7E4B87AFB102A236FF2BFD45FC95FC05" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927515" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128848516" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4927515" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E4B87AFB102A236FF2BFD45FC95FC05" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E4B87AFB102A236FF2BFD45FC95FC05" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<subSubSection id="BEF86532B102A236FF2BFD45FC1CFD79" box="[151,906,649,675]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B102A236FF2BFD45FC1CFD79" blockId="52.[151,906,649,675]" box="[151,906,649,675]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<heading id="AD1581D5B102A236FF2BFD45FC1CFD79" bold="true" box="[151,906,649,675]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB102A236FF2BFD45FC1CFD79" ID-CoL="8DXK5" authority="Takaoka &amp; Suzuki, 1984" authorityName="Takaoka &amp; Suzuki" authorityYear="1984" box="[151,906,649,675]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siamense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
<emphasis id="C496EAABB102A236FF2BFD45FC1CFD79" bold="true" box="[151,906,649,675]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="C496EAABB102A236FF2BFD45FE99FD79" bold="true" box="[151,271,649,675]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Simulium</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="C496EAABB102A236FEA3FD45FE47FD79" bold="true" box="[287,465,649,675]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="C496EAABB102A236FE5DFD45FDC6FD79" bold="true" box="[481,592,649,675]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">siamense</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="92734B48B102A236FDEBFD45FC1CFD79" author="Takaoka" box="[599,906,649,675]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Takaoka, H. &amp; Suzuki, H. (1984) The blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand. Japanese Journal of Sanitary Zoology, 35 (1), 7 - 45." type="journal article" year="1984">Takaoka &amp; Suzuki, 1984</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="BEF86532B102A236FF2BFD1CFB08FD3C" box="[151,1182,720,742]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B102A236FF2BFD1CFB08FD3C" blockId="52.[151,1182,720,742]" box="[151,1182,720,742]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D6F21197B102A236FF2BFD1CFB08FD3C" box="[151,1182,720,742]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB102A236FF2BFD1CFCB9FD3C" ID-CoL="8DXK5" authority="Takaoka &amp; Suzuki, 1984: 14" authorityName="Takaoka &amp; Suzuki" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="1984" box="[151,815,720,742]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siamense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
<emphasis id="C496EAABB102A236FF2BFD1CFF61FD3C" box="[151,247,720,742]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Simulium</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="C496EAABB102A236FEB9FD1CFE0DFD3C" box="[261,411,720,742]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="C496EAABB102A236FE16FD1DFD91FD3C" box="[426,519,721,742]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">siamense</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="774310A8B102A236FDB1FD1CFCB9FD3C" author="Takaoka" box="[525,815,720,742]" page="14" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" year="1984">
<bibRefCitation id="92734B48B102A236FDB1FD1CFC9BFD3C" author="Takaoka" box="[525,781,720,742]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Takaoka, H. &amp; Suzuki, H. (1984) The blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand. Japanese Journal of Sanitary Zoology, 35 (1), 7 - 45." type="journal article" year="1984">Takaoka &amp; Suzuki, 1984</bibRefCitation>
: 14
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18 (Female, male, pupa and larva).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BEF86532B102A236FF2BFCDEFDAEFCF1" box="[151,568,786,811]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B102A236FF2BFCDEFDAEFCF1" blockId="52.[151,1437,786,991]" box="[151,568,786,811]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="C496EAABB102A236FF2BFCDEFEA6FCF1" bold="true" box="[151,304,786,811]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B102A236FE8BFCDEFE0DFCF1" box="[311,411,786,811]" name="Thailand" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Thailand</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B102A236FE6DFCDEFDA2FCF1" box="[465,564,786,811]" name="Vietnam" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="BEF86532B102A236FF7BFCFAFC95FC05" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B102A236FF7BFCFAFC95FC05" blockId="52.[151,1437,786,991]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="C496EAABB102A236FF7BFCFAFEADFC95" bold="true" box="[199,315,822,847]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species was described from
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B102A236FD07FCFAFC89FC95" box="[699,799,822,847]" name="Thailand" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Thailand</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="92734B48B102A236FCF7FCFAFB12FC95" author="Takaoka" box="[843,1156,822,847]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Takaoka, H. &amp; Suzuki, H. (1984) The blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand. Japanese Journal of Sanitary Zoology, 35 (1), 7 - 45." type="journal article" year="1984">Takaoka and Suzuki (1984)</bibRefCitation>
, and later recorded from
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B102A236FF2BFC96FF60FCA9" box="[151,246,858,883]" name="Vietnam" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="92734B48B102A236FE9CFC96FDFBFCA9" author="Crosskey" box="[288,621,858,883]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Crosskey, R. W. &amp; Howard, T. H. (1997) A New Taxonomic and Geographical Inventory of World Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae). Natural History Museum, London, 144 pp." type="book" year="1997">Crosskey and Howard (1997)</bibRefCitation>
. No detailed information of this record was given, leaving the locality in
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B102A236FF2BFCB2FF60FC4D" box="[151,246,894,919]" name="Vietnam" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
unknown. There is a possibility that the taxa regarded as
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB102A236FC35FCB3FBD6FC4C" box="[905,1088,895,919]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siamense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
<emphasis id="C496EAABB102A236FC35FCB3FC01FC4C" box="[905,919,895,918]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="C496EAABB102A236FC0CFCB3FC57FC4C" box="[944,961,895,918]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">G</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="C496EAABB102A236FC65FCB3FBD6FC4C" box="[985,1088,895,918]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">siamense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB102A236FBC5FCB3FAD1FC4C" box="[1145,1351,894,919]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duolongum" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
<emphasis id="C496EAABB102A236FBC5FCB3FB11FC4C" box="[1145,1159,895,918]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="C496EAABB102A236FB23FCB3FB26FC4C" box="[1183,1200,895,918]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">G</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="C496EAABB102A236FB75FCB2FAD1FC4C" box="[1225,1351,894,918]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">duolongum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the same species because the pupal gills of both species are morphologically indistinguishable from each other (
<bibRefCitation id="92734B48B102A236FF22FC0AFE50FC05" author="Takaoka" box="[158,454,966,991]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Takaoka, H. &amp; Suzuki, H. (1984) The blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Thailand. Japanese Journal of Sanitary Zoology, 35 (1), 7 - 45." type="journal article" year="1984">Takaoka and Suzuki 1984</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="92734B48B102A236FE6DFC0AFD60FC05" author="Takaoka" box="[465,758,966,991]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Takaoka, H. &amp; Davies, D. M. (1995) The Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of West Malaysia. Kyushu University Press, Fukuoka, viii + 175 pp." type="book" year="1995">Takaoka and Davies 1995</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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