278 lines
32 KiB
XML
278 lines
32 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="39099B73AEA647D5A1F2027297C934D4">Re-description of Thysanozoon nigropapillosum (Polycladida: Pseudocerotidae) from the South China Sea, with observations on a novel pre-copulatory structure, sexual behaviour and diet</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E035D18406BBC4D2930C99567F804B21">Jie, Wei-Ban</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BFB016FB961C3A78DB6CB3FCEBBBDD5B">Kuo, Shih-Chieh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3C2C057DE9094EE9A9870C5E4DC8D65F">Mok, Hin-Kiu</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7F1914E60E4990AA2559C1F939" ID-CoL="56TZP" authority="(Hyman, 1959)" baseAuthorityName="Hyman" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[198,713,1661,1685]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Thysanozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="1" pageNumber="765" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigropapillosum">
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<emphasis id="B93BEAEE1914E60E4990AA2559C1F939" bold="true" box="[198,713,1661,1685]" pageId="1" pageNumber="765">
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<emphasis id="B93BEAEE1914E60E4990AA25591EF939" bold="true" box="[198,534,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="765">Thysanozoon nigropapillosum</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B0D1914E60E4B70AA2559CAF939" author="Hyman LH" box="[550,706,1661,1685]" pageId="1" pageNumber="765" pagination="543 - 597" refId="ref4044" refString="Hyman LH (1959) A further study of Micronesian polyclad flatworms. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 108: 543 - 597." type="journal article" year="1959">Hyman, 1959</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35565771914E60E48DDAAC5590CF919" box="[395,516,1693,1717]" pageId="1" pageNumber="765" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF036FC1914E60E48DDAAC5590CF919" blockId="1.[198,713,1661,1717]" box="[395,516,1693,1717]" pageId="1" pageNumber="765">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13742A791914E60E48C5AAC55AE8F919" box="[403,480,1693,1717]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[835,870,2002,2024]" captionTargetBox="[835,1472,1138,1969]" captionTargetId="figure-438@1.[835,1475,1138,1984]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 2. Thysanozoon nigropapillosum (Hyman, 1959). Anterior is to the right. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view. ce, cerebral eyespots; fp, female pore; m, mouth; mp, male pore; ph, pharynx; pt, pseudotentacle; s, sucker." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5356108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5356108/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="765">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13742A791914E60E48B8AAC55AF3F919" box="[494,507,1693,1717]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[113,148,2034,2056]" captionTargetBox="[115,1450,221,2006]" captionTargetId="figure-10@2.[115,1450,213,2022]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 3. Diagrammatic representation of the reproductive anatomy of Thysanozoon nigropapillosum (Hyman, 1959). A, male. e, ejaculatory duct; in, intestine; ma, male pore; pr, prostate gland; se, seminal vesicle; sp, sperm; st, stylet; v, vas deferens. B, female. c, cement gland; f, female pore; mi, main intestine; p, pharynx; v, vagina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5356110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5356110/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="765">3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7F1914E60E49DEAA845AB9F95D" ID-CoL="92KH" authorityName="Hyman" authorityYear="1959" box="[136,433,1756,1777]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Acanthozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="1" pageNumber="765" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigropapillosus">Acanthozoon nigropapillosus</taxonomicName>
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–
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10ED1914E60E4887AA8459CBF95E" author="Hyman LH" box="[465,707,1756,1778]" page="581" pageId="1" pageNumber="765" year="1959">
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(
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locality: Falarik Islet, Ifaluk Atoll, central Pacific Ocean).
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<emphasis id="B93BEAEE1914E60E49DEAB4D5AE3F887" box="[136,491,1813,1835]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="765">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7F1914E60E49DEAB4D5ADBF886" ID-CoL="56TZP" baseAuthorityName="Hyman" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[136,467,1813,1834]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Thysanozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="1" pageNumber="765" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigropapillosum">Thysanozoon nigropapillosum</taxonomicName>
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–
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10ED1914E60E48A0AB4D59C9F887" author="Faubel A" box="[502,705,1813,1835]" page="213" pageId="1" pageNumber="765" year="1984">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B0D1914E60E48A0AB4D59C9F887" author="Faubel A" box="[502,705,1813,1835]" pageId="1" pageNumber="765" pagination="189 - 259" refId="ref3934" refString="Faubel A (1984) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part II. The Cotylea. Mitteilungen des Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 81: 189 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984">Faubel, 1984: 213</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(New combination).
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. coll.
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,
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. coll.
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,
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(24 ×
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. coll.
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(10 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B191914E60E4891A441590BF782" box="[455,515,2073,2094]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="765" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
) (
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBE99E871914E60E4B4FA44159AFF783" box="[537,679,2073,2095]" collectionCode="TMPL" pageId="1" pageNumber="765">TMPL000004</specimenCode>
|
||
), subtidal rhabdites, which were concentrated more at the tip of the papillae than on the surface between the papillae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A791916E60C4BFAAC855B94FEB9" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[136,171,2006,2028]" captionTargetBox="[136,776,1494,1981]" captionTargetId="figure-316@3.[136,776,1494,1981]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4. Thysanozoon nigropapillosum (Hyman, 1959): rhabdites on epidermis (indicated by arrows). A, B, on the tips of papillae; C, distributed on the inner surface of the male atrium; D, distributed on the female pore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5356114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5356114/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<location id="8E9060271916E60C49E5ACA55BFBFEB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687EA1914E60C4990AA255E6FFE79:8E9060271916E60C49E5ACA55BFBFEB9" box="[179,243,253,277]" name="These" pageId="3" pageNumber="767" stateProvince="New Taipei">These</location>
|
||
rhadites purportedly have either a defensive or a secretory role in all polyclad flatworms (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B0D1916E60C4B0FAD4559E3FE99" author="Martin GG" box="[601,747,285,309]" pageId="3" pageNumber="767" pagination="235 - 248" refId="ref4094" refString="Martin GG (1978) A new function of rhabdites: mucus production for ciliary gliding. Zoomorphologie, 91: 235 - 248." type="journal article" year="1978">Martin, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3066741914E60E4A15AB8A5F33F792" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5356108" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5356108" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5356108/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="765" startId="1.[835,870,2002,2024]" targetBox="[835,1472,1138,1969]" targetPageId="1">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036FC1914E60E4A15AB8A5F33F792" blockId="1.[835,1474,2002,2110]" pageId="1" pageNumber="765">
|
||
Fig. 2.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7F1914E60E4ADDAB8A5E47F844" authority="(Hyman, 1959)" baseAuthorityName="Hyman" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[907,1359,2002,2024]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Thysanozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="1" pageNumber="765" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigropapillosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAEE1914E60E4ADDAB8A5FA7F84B" box="[907,1199,2002,2023]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="765">Thysanozoon nigropapillosum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B0D1914E60E4DE8AB8A5E40F844" author="Hyman LH" box="[1214,1352,2002,2024]" pageId="1" pageNumber="765" pagination="543 - 597" refId="ref4044" refString="Hyman LH (1959) A further study of Micronesian polyclad flatworms. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 108: 543 - 597." type="journal article" year="1959">Hyman, 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Anterior is to the right. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view. ce, cerebral eyespots; fp, female pore; m, mouth; mp, male pore; ph, pharynx; pt, pseudotentacle; s, sucker.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF3066741917E60D4927ABAA5996F7ED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5356110" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5356110" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5356110/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="766" startId="2.[113,148,2034,2056]" targetBox="[115,1450,221,2006]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036FC1917E60D4927ABAA5996F7ED" blockId="2.[113,1452,2034,2113]" pageId="2" pageNumber="766">
|
||
Fig. 3. Diagrammatic representation of the reproductive anatomy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7F1917E60D4A5EABAA5FC0F7A4" authority="(Hyman, 1959)" baseAuthorityName="Hyman" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[776,1224,2034,2056]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Thysanozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="766" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigropapillosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAEE1917E60D4A5EABAA5F23F7AB" box="[776,1067,2034,2055]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="766">Thysanozoon nigropapillosum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B0D1917E60D4D6EABAA5FC9F7A4" author="Hyman LH" box="[1080,1217,2034,2056]" pageId="2" pageNumber="766" pagination="543 - 597" refId="ref4044" refString="Hyman LH (1959) A further study of Micronesian polyclad flatworms. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 108: 543 - 597." type="journal article" year="1959">Hyman, 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A, male. e, ejaculatory duct; in, intestine; ma, male pore; pr, prostate gland; se, seminal vesicle; sp, sperm; st, stylet; v, vas deferens. B, female. c, cement gland; f, female pore; mi, main intestine; p, pharynx; v, vagina.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036FC1916E60C49DEAD055AAFFE79" blockId="3.[136,775,349,469]" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">
|
||
Rhabdites were also present on the surface of both the male and female reproductive organs. The inner surface of the male genital atrium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A791916E60C4833ADC55ABFFE19" box="[357,439,413,437]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[136,171,2006,2028]" captionTargetBox="[136,776,1494,1981]" captionTargetId="figure-316@3.[136,776,1494,1981]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4. Thysanozoon nigropapillosum (Hyman, 1959): rhabdites on epidermis (indicated by arrows). A, B, on the tips of papillae; C, distributed on the inner surface of the male atrium; D, distributed on the female pore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5356114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5356114/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
) contained more rhabdites than the female pore (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A791916E60C4814ADE55A93FE79" box="[322,411,445,469]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[136,171,2006,2028]" captionTargetBox="[136,776,1494,1981]" captionTargetId="figure-316@3.[136,776,1494,1981]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4. Thysanozoon nigropapillosum (Hyman, 1959): rhabdites on epidermis (indicated by arrows). A, B, on the tips of papillae; C, distributed on the inner surface of the male atrium; D, distributed on the female pore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5356114" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5356114/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35565771916E60C49DEADA55E6FFE79" pageId="3" pageNumber="767" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036FC1916E60C49DEADA559C5FD59" blockId="3.[136,775,509,757]" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAEE1916E60C49DEADA55AB8FDB9" bold="true" box="[136,432,509,533]" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7F1916E60C48EDADA55A26FD99" authority="(Hyman, 1959)" baseAuthorityName="Hyman" baseAuthorityYear="1959" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Thysanozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="767" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigropapillosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAEE1916E60C48EDADA5580EFDB9" box="[443,774,509,533]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Thysanozoon nigropapillosum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B0D1916E60C49D9AE455A2FFD99" author="Hyman LH" box="[143,295,541,565]" pageId="3" pageNumber="767" pagination="543 - 597" refId="ref4044" refString="Hyman LH (1959) A further study of Micronesian polyclad flatworms. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 108: 543 - 597." type="journal article" year="1959">Hyman, 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not only abundant in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358766C1916E60C4B14AE455998FD99" box="[578,656,541,565]" name="Taiwan" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A791916E60C4BF4AE4559F2FD99" box="[674,762,541,565]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[835,870,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox="[836,1471,679,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-353@3.[828,1475,668,1955]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig.5. Distribution of Thysanozoon nigropapillosum (Hyman, 1959) A, around Taiwan; B, type locality (hollow square), and the probably distribution of Newman et al. (2003) collection (filled triangles), the distribution of Gosliner et al. (1996) collection (filled circles) in Indo-west Pacific." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5356112" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5356112/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
), but probably also in the Indian Ocean and tropical western Pacific (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A791916E60C4989AE055A3BFDD9" box="[223,307,605,629]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[835,870,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox="[836,1471,679,1947]" captionTargetId="figure-353@3.[828,1475,668,1955]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig.5. Distribution of Thysanozoon nigropapillosum (Hyman, 1959) A, around Taiwan; B, type locality (hollow square), and the probably distribution of Newman et al. (2003) collection (filled triangles), the distribution of Gosliner et al. (1996) collection (filled circles) in Indo-west Pacific." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5356112" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5356112/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B0D1916E60C4810AE055921FDD9" author="Gosliner TM & Behrens DW & Williams GC" box="[326,553,605,629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="767" refId="ref4010" refString="Gosliner TM, Behrens DW & Williams GC (1996) Coral Reef Animals of the Indo-Pacific. Sea Challengers. Monterey, CA, U. S. A, 111 pp." type="book" year="1996">Gosliner et al. (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
posted a picture of a flatworm having a white margin with yellow-tipped papillae that was labelled
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D7F1916E60C4806AEC659DEFD19" authority="(Hyman, 1959)" baseAuthorityName="Hyman" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[336,726,669,693]" family="Pseudocerotidae" genus="Thysanozoon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="767" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="nigropapillosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAEE1916E60C4806AEC65A57FD19" box="[336,351,670,693]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAEE1916E60C4826AEC5592AFD19" box="[368,546,669,693]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">nigropapillosum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B0D1916E60C4B62AEC559C5FD19" author="Hyman LH" box="[564,717,669,693]" pageId="3" pageNumber="767" pagination="543 - 597" refId="ref4044" refString="Hyman LH (1959) A further study of Micronesian polyclad flatworms. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 108: 543 - 597." type="journal article" year="1959">Hyman, 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and offered their collecting distribution including
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358766C1916E60C4B20AEE559D4FD79" box="[630,732,701,725]" name="Maldives" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Maldives</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358766C1916E60C4BBEAEE55BC5FD59" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358766C1916E60C498CAE855A4CFD59" box="[218,324,733,757]" name="Indonesia" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358766C1916E60C48DAAE855AD1FD59" box="[396,473,733,757]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358766C1916E60C4B47AE8559C1FD59" box="[529,713,733,757]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036FC1916E60C4A15ACE55E6FFE79" blockId="3.[835,1475,188,469]" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B273CA11916E60C4A15ACE55E6BFE79" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3340074302" collectingDate="2011-07" country="Taiwan" county="In" elevation="12" latitude="121.46555" location="Longdong bay" longLatPrecision="17" longitude="25.011944" municipality="Subsequently" pageId="3" pageNumber="767" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<date id="FFF1103C1916E60C4A15ACE558A7FF79" box="[835,943,189,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="767" value="2011-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB5E9D41916E60C4A15ACE558A7FF79" box="[835,943,189,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="767" value="2011-07">July 2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, from 1530 hours to 1541 hours,
|
||
<elevation id="0062D1CF1916E60C4C77ACE55EA8FF79" box="[1313,1440,189,213]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="767" unit="m" value="12.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B191916E60C4C77ACE55E52FF78" box="[1313,1370,189,213]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="767" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
|
||
depth
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, in
|
||
<location id="8E9060271916E60C4A15AC8558D5FF59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687EA1914E60C4990AA255E6FFE79:8E9060271916E60C4A15AC8558D5FF59" box="[835,989,221,245]" country="Taiwan" county="In" latitude="121.46555" longLatPrecision="17" longitude="25.011944" municipality="Subsequently" name="Longdong bay" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Longdong bay</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B503B1916E60C4ABDAC855F71FF58" box="[1003,1145,219,245]" degrees="121" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="767" precision="15" seconds="56" value="121.46555">121°27ʹ56ʺN</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B503B1916E60C4DD5AC845FFCFF58" box="[1155,1268,219,245]" degrees="25" direction="east" minutes="0" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="767" precision="15" seconds="43" value="25.011944">25°0ʹ43ʺE</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), northeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F358766C1916E60C4C3BAC855EB7FF59" box="[1389,1471,221,245]" name="Taiwan" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8E9060271916E60C4A15ACA55856FEB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687EA1914E60C4990AA255E6FFE79:8E9060271916E60C4A15ACA55856FEB9" box="[835,862,253,277]" country="Taiwan" county="In" latitude="121.46555" longLatPrecision="17" longitude="25.011944" municipality="Subsequently" name="At" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">At</location>
|
||
the beginning of the encounter, two individuals circled each other.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B94AC861916E60C4AEBAD455F45FE99" box="[957,1101,285,309]" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Subsequently</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
one of the individuals extended its paired penis towards its partner and then gripped its partner’s lateral outermost margin, in a chopstick-like fashion.
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62914E701916E60C4C28AD055E9CFED8" box="[1406,1428,349,372]" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">In</collectingCounty>
|
||
this unilateral insemination, after the spermatophore has been deposited on the epidermis, the sperm donor left, without receiving any sperm from its partner (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A791916E60C4DB4ADE55E52FE79" box="[1250,1370,445,469]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[136,171,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[136,774,958,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-8@5.[136,774,958,1922]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 9. Thysanozoon nigropapillosum (Hyman, 1959): copulation observed at Longdong bay, northeast coast of Taiwan, 25 July 2011. A, Dermal impregnation for unilateral insemination; B, One individual (right), with the paired penis stretched, gripping its partner (left) at the outermost margin. (spermatophore is indicated by an arrow)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5356122" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5356122/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="767">Fig. 9A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |