278 lines
56 KiB
XML
278 lines
56 KiB
XML
<document id="B9EACD9EFF7F3F6FE1D0C886DD5BC1E6" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.183051" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aed786a4-6df5-49eb-9a49-8a9ea5432c56" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="183051" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459888397528" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Stockman, Amy K. & Bond, And Jason E." docDate="2008" docId="03E687E5FFFBFFE1FF1CFBE6E267C317" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01823p041.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1823" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Promyrmekiaphila Schenkel 1950" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="FFDFFF9DFFFFFFE6FF8BFFD1E708C735" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic review of the trapdoor spider genus Promyrmekiaphila Schenkel (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Cyrtaucheniidae, Euctenizinae)" masterLastPageNumber="41" masterPageNumber="25" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1698227893935" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="7243AD818ED0046CE9301C8EFC9D3F17" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="DC12242B374FDE676D3A8531E9DD66FF">
|
||
<mods:title id="C6554A8E2F883EC0837DCAFD74AD5C41">A taxonomic review of the trapdoor spider genus Promyrmekiaphila Schenkel (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Cyrtaucheniidae, Euctenizinae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="2298814B2B9443C6F2096DFD22DA37B8" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="FDA01FF051DE5C01E22CAD026427F394">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="A77C6D9A3731B62348B263D09DF4FC2B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="821F1CECB299253061C51C0B44A7BB1A">Stockman, Amy K.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="84EBCE6D9B2D208347714A3ED6EDA445" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="3771FADBB0810C7D9D6514096982CD60">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="63B37438446ACC25AA7E26C08B7F0FCD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="3DDCE827AA5F79CEDB4C8326A30BBDB1">Bond, And Jason E.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="580DDD31AB9A5A1258D50D75C3244A66">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="4363A59779B6DCDF9FFF9499EFE5C989" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="649F3E424902A85B520599FC0494B3DC">
|
||
<mods:title id="2A629E7F9AA9163C44941696C318FB4A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="3A6B0A079DB8DDB569B03FA1E3634900">
|
||
<mods:date id="4000F2FB28E39DA8AE485DA64C43B887">2008</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="5F33C5490FA900FB50E5759C8AC62B93" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="99E0AF6858A9E4D6FC3B2C55E868891E">1823</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="32701FB4D83195B63E3ED439958BCE0B" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="A6F0CEE78C333E8058CB3C179CB5AF1D">25</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="3350E15782B91622CD56D80FA27BC7A7">41</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="F648B60288DDCA0CADE27198EEFD0564">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B2203BD19DF4844FED64E77D87ED76FB" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.183051</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="8351957847460C59047B4ADB57C83D6F" type="GBIF-Dataset">aed786a4-6df5-49eb-9a49-8a9ea5432c56</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F18D581A4B9CB5268270DB696D985A37" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="07687DA95F50135EED8DE3B16AF0F5EE" type="Zenodo-Dep">183051</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03E687E5FFFBFFE1FF1CFBE6E267C317" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6230946" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119371725" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6230946" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687E5FFFBFFE1FF1CFBE6E267C317" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E687E5FFFBFFE1FF1CFBE6E267C317" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3556578FFFBFFE2FF1CFBE6E582C364" box="[151,650,1079,1105]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036F3FFFBFFE2FF1CFBE6E582C364" blockId="4.[151,650,1079,1105]" box="[151,650,1079,1105]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<heading id="D0B8819FFFFBFFE2FF1CFBE6E582C364" bold="true" box="[151,650,1079,1105]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFFBFFE2FF1CFBE6E582C364" bold="true" box="[151,650,1079,1105]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFFBFFE2FF65FBE6E582C364" authority="Schenkel 1950" authorityName="Schenkel" authorityYear="1950" box="[238,650,1079,1105]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Promyrmekiaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFFBFFE2FF65FBE6E6D8C364" bold="true" box="[238,464,1079,1105]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Promyrmekiaphila</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B02FFFBFFE2FE5CFBE6E582C364" author="Schenkel" box="[471,650,1079,1105]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" refString="Schenkel, E. (1950) Spinnentiere aus dem westlichen Nordamerika, gesammelt von Dr. Hans Schenkel-Rudin. Verhhandlungen Naturforshende Gesellschaft in Basel, 61, 28 - 92." type="journal article" year="1950">Schenkel 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3556578FFFBFFE2FF1CFB53E3FBC3AC" box="[151,1267,1154,1177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036F3FFFBFFE2FF1CFB53E3FBC3AC" blockId="4.[151,1267,1154,1177]" box="[151,1267,1154,1177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5F11DDFFFBFFE2FF1CFB53E3FBC3AC" box="[151,1267,1154,1177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFFBFFE2FF1CFB53E523C3AC" authority="Schenkel 1950: 29" authorityName="Schenkel" authorityPageNumber="29" authorityYear="1950" box="[151,555,1154,1177]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Promyrmekiaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFFBFFE2FF1CFB53E656C3AC" box="[151,350,1154,1177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Promyrmekiaphila</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AEE10E2FFFBFFE2FEEFFB53E523C3AC" author="Schenkel" box="[356,555,1154,1177]" page="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" year="1950">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B02FFFBFFE2FEEFFB53E50EC3AC" author="Schenkel" box="[356,518,1154,1177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" refString="Schenkel, E. (1950) Spinnentiere aus dem westlichen Nordamerika, gesammelt von Dr. Hans Schenkel-Rudin. Verhhandlungen Naturforshende Gesellschaft in Basel, 61, 28 - 92." type="journal article" year="1950">Schenkel 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 29
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48851FFFBFFE2FDB2FB53E561C3AC" box="[569,617,1154,1177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species by monotypy
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFFBFFE2FCDDFB53E3E0C3AC" authority="Schenkel" authorityName="Schenkel" box="[854,1256,1154,1177]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Promyrmekiaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gertschi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFFBFFE2FCDDFB53E372C3AC" box="[854,1146,1154,1177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Promyrmekiaphila gertschi</emphasis>
|
||
Schenkel
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3556578FFFBFFE2FF1CFB1BE7F8C299" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036F3FFFBFFE2FF1CFB1BE7F8C299" blockId="4.[151,1437,1226,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFFBFFE2FF1CFB1BE611C3D1" bold="true" box="[151,281,1226,1252]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
Males can be separated from those of other euctenizine genera by a patch of thin spines on the ventral and retrolateral ventral aspect of tibia of leg I (e.g., Figs 26, 31).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFFBFFE2FC63FB22E3CBC239" box="[1000,1219,1267,1292]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Promyrmekiaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFFBFFE2FC63FB22E3CBC239" box="[1000,1219,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Promyrmekiaphila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
females are easily distinguished from other closely related taxa (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFFBFFE2FD7BFACAE471C201" box="[752,889,1307,1332]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Aptostichus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFFBFFE2FD7BFACAE471C201" box="[752,889,1307,1332]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Aptostichus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) by an extensive patch of cuspules that is distributed across the entire endite surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FDF2FA93E5DDC269" box="[633,725,1346,1372]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,181,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[197,1393,181,1353]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (8 – 11). Cephalothorax (8, 9, 10); leg I, prolateral aspect (11). Cephalothorax P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (12, 13)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183055/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Figs 10</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FD68FA93E40CC269" box="[739,772,1346,1372]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="6.[197,315,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,381,1816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14 – 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">14</figureCitation>
|
||
). A second diagnostic feature is a distinctive abdominal coloration pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FEF1FABBE6C8C2B1" box="[378,448,1386,1412]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 3" captionStartId="1.[151,255,1383,1407]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,797,1355]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,797,1355]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 3. Promyrmekiaphila clathrata: live specimen in situ (1), burrow closed (2), burrow open (3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183052/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) that consists of wide, dark uniform bands (i.e., little to no mottling) in a chevron pattern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3556578FFFBFFE0FF4EFA6BE64DC637" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="29" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036F3FFFBFFE2FF4EFA6BE419C1F1" blockId="4.[151,1437,1226,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFFBFFE2FF4EFA6BE668C2E1" bold="true" box="[197,352,1466,1492]" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
Moderate-sized trapdoor spiders, carapace 5.60–7.84 long by 4.76–6.88 wide, glabrous or very lightly hirsute (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FE0DFA33E6C5C2C9" box="[390,461,1506,1532]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,181,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[197,1393,181,1353]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (8 – 11). Cephalothorax (8, 9, 10); leg I, prolateral aspect (11). Cephalothorax P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (12, 13)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183055/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
), fringe of stout black bristles (ɗ’s,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FCFEFA33E4C3C2C9" box="[885,971,1506,1532]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,181,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[197,1393,181,1353]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (8 – 11). Cephalothorax (8, 9, 10); leg I, prolateral aspect (11). Cephalothorax P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (12, 13)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183055/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
). Carapace coloration ranges from dark yellowish brown to strong brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FDA4F9DBE572C111" box="[559,634,1546,1572]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 3" captionStartId="1.[151,255,1383,1407]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,797,1355]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,797,1355]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 3. Promyrmekiaphila clathrata: live specimen in situ (1), burrow closed (2), burrow open (3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183052/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FD02F9DBE5CFC111" box="[649,711,1546,1572]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,181,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[197,1393,181,1353]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (8 – 11). Cephalothorax (8, 9, 10); leg I, prolateral aspect (11). Cephalothorax P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (12, 13)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183055/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">8, 13</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdominal coloration uniform dark reddish-brown dorsally (ɗ’s) or some species with wide dusky stripes on dorsum (Ψ’s,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FC05F9E3E4DBC179" box="[910,979,1586,1612]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 3" captionStartId="1.[151,255,1383,1407]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,797,1355]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,797,1355]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 3. Promyrmekiaphila clathrata: live specimen in situ (1), burrow closed (2), burrow open (3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183052/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), ventrum and spinnerets pale yellow. Carapace sclerotization uniform (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FDAAF98BE561C141" box="[545,617,1626,1652]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,181,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[197,1393,181,1353]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (8 – 11). Cephalothorax (8, 9, 10); leg I, prolateral aspect (11). Cephalothorax P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (12, 13)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183055/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Foveal groove generally deep and procurved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FB28F98BE3E3C141" box="[1187,1259,1626,1652]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,181,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[197,1393,181,1353]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (8 – 11). Cephalothorax (8, 9, 10); leg I, prolateral aspect (11). Cephalothorax P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (12, 13)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183055/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Eyes slightly elevated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FE82F953E65AC1A9" box="[265,338,1666,1692]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,181,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[197,1393,181,1353]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (8 – 11). Cephalothorax (8, 9, 10); leg I, prolateral aspect (11). Cephalothorax P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (12, 13)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183055/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). AME, PME subequal in diameter; AER slightly procurved, PER slightly recurved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FACFF953E284C1A9" box="[1348,1420,1666,1692]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,181,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[197,1393,181,1353]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (8 – 11). Cephalothorax (8, 9, 10); leg I, prolateral aspect (11). Cephalothorax P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (12, 13)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183055/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pars cephalica moderately elevated (not steep,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FD37F97BE40AC1F1" box="[700,770,1706,1732]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,181,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[197,1393,181,1353]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (8 – 11). Cephalothorax (8, 9, 10); leg I, prolateral aspect (11). Cephalothorax P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (12, 13)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183055/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036F3FFFBFFE3FF4DF903E49EC1D8" blockId="4.[151,1437,1226,2012]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,1507,2013]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Sternum as in most euctenizines, wider posteriorly and tapering anteriorly with widest point at coxae III (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FF14F92BE62FC021" box="[159,295,1786,1812]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,181,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[197,1393,181,1353]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (8 – 11). Cephalothorax (8, 9, 10); leg I, prolateral aspect (11). Cephalothorax P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (12, 13)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183055/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Figs 10, 12</figureCitation>
|
||
). Posterior pair of sigilla usually much larger, nearly contiguous. Palpal endites longer than wide, large patch of many cuspules (
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFFBFFE2FD8FF8F2E52FC009" box="[516,551,1827,1852]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
100) distributed evenly across endite surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FBD8F8F3E3B8C009" box="[1107,1200,1826,1852]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,181,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[197,1393,181,1353]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (8 – 11). Cephalothorax (8, 9, 10); leg I, prolateral aspect (11). Cephalothorax P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (12, 13)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183055/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Figs 10</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FB35F8F3E3D7C009" box="[1214,1247,1826,1852]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="6.[197,315,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,381,1816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14 – 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">14</figureCitation>
|
||
). Labium wider than long or subquadrate, with no to few cuspules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FC8BF89BE451C051" box="[768,857,1866,1892]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,181,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[197,1393,181,1353]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (8 – 11). Cephalothorax (8, 9, 10); leg I, prolateral aspect (11). Cephalothorax P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (12, 13)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183055/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Prolateral margin of chelicerae with 7 or more teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FF6AF8A3E631C0B9" box="[225,313,1906,1932]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="6.[197,315,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,381,1816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14 – 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
), retrolateral margin with single row/patch of small denticles. Rastellum not a distinct mound, armed with row of 8–10 prominent short spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FD52F84BE438C081" box="[729,816,1946,1972]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="6.[197,315,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,381,1816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14 – 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
). Articles of legs I, II slender relative to those of III, IV, all lacking pseudosegmentation; thin ventral spines only (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFBFFE2FCEAF813E4BEC0E9" box="[865,950,1986,2012]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,181,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[197,1393,181,1353]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (8 – 11). Cephalothorax (8, 9, 10); leg I, prolateral aspect (11). Cephalothorax P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (12, 13)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183055/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="29">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tarsi III, IV straight. Moderately dense scopulae on tarsi and metatarsi I–II in both sexes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFAFFE3FD60FA32E437C2C8" box="[747,831,1507,1533]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1363,1387]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,181,1351]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[197,1393,181,1353]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (8 – 11). Cephalothorax (8, 9, 10); leg I, prolateral aspect (11). Cephalothorax P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (12, 13)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183055/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
, 26, 27, 31, 32, 34, 35, 39, 40), tarsi of legs III–IV (ɗ’s), and metatarsi of legs III–IV in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFFAFFE3FDDBF9DDE5D1C110" box="[592,729,1548,1573]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Promyrmekiaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clathrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFFAFFE3FDDBF9DDE5D1C110" box="[592,729,1548,1573]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">P. clathrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ɗ’s). Tarsi I with single row of filiform trichobothria, usually arranged in zig-zag pattern. Trichobothria bases elevated distally, with small ridges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFAFFE3FB2CF9E2E3F6C178" box="[1191,1278,1587,1613]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="6.[197,315,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,381,1816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14 – 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
), tarsal organ a low dome with faint concentric ridges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFAFFE3FD08F98AE5D3C140" box="[643,731,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="6.[197,315,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,381,1816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14 – 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
). Rudimentary preening comb at tarsus–metatarsus joint of metatarsus on leg IV (Ψ’s). Palpal claw with single row of few teeth, basal-most tooth elongate, unbranched (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFAFFE3FF14F97AE7F1C1F0" box="[159,249,1707,1733]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="6.[197,315,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,381,1816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14 – 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
). STC leg I with single inner row of multiple teeth (ɗ, Ψ), basal-most tooth (Ψ’s) slightly longer, unbranched (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFAFFE3FEA4F902E68EC1D8" box="[303,390,1747,1773]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="6.[197,315,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,381,1816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14 – 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
); STC leg IV (Ψ’s) few teeth (
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFFAFFE3FD61F905E40DC1D8" box="[746,773,1748,1773]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">ca</emphasis>
|
||
. 2,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFAFFE3FCB9F902E481C1D8" box="[818,905,1747,1773]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="6.[197,315,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,381,1816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14 – 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF30667BFFFAFFE3FF1CFA82E50FC282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183055/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="30" targetBox="[197,1392,181,1351]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036F3FFFAFFE3FF1CFA82E50FC282" blockId="5.[151,1436,1363,1463]" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFFAFFE3FF1CFA82E65BC25E" bold="true" box="[151,339,1363,1387]" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">FIGURES 8–13.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFFAFFE3FED7FA85E595C25E" box="[348,669,1364,1387]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Promyrmekiaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="winnemem" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFFAFFE3FED7FA85E595C25E" box="[348,669,1364,1387]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">Promyrmekiaphila winnemem</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFFAFFE3FD2DFA82E5F6C25E" bold="true" box="[678,766,1363,1387]" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A208579AFFFAFFE3FD2DFA82E5F6C25E" box="[678,766,1363,1387]" pageId="5" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
female (MY3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (8–11). Cephalothorax (8, 9, 10); leg I, prolateral aspect (11). Cephalothorax
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFFAFFE3FCF7FAA8E4F0C2A5" box="[892,1016,1401,1424]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Promyrmekiaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clathrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFFAFFE3FCF7FAA8E4F0C2A5" box="[892,1016,1401,1424]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">P. clathrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male (PR067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (12, 13).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036F3FFFAFFE3FF4EF92AE599C0B8" blockId="5.[151,1437,1507,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Apical article of PLS digitiform, short; all three segments with articulated spigots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFAFFE3FB2EF92AE3F7C020" box="[1189,1279,1787,1813]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="6.[197,315,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,381,1816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14 – 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
). Three morphologically distinguishable spigot
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F48851FFFAFFE3FDB1F8F2E570C008" box="[570,632,1827,1853]" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">types</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFAFFE3FD03F8F2E419C008" box="[648,785,1827,1853]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="6.[197,315,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,381,1816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14 – 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">Figs 22, 23</figureCitation>
|
||
): large conical bases (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFAFFE3FB9DF8F2E366C008" box="[1046,1134,1827,1853]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="6.[197,315,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,381,1816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14 – 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
); small conical base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFAFFE3FAE6F8F2E7B0C050" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="6.[197,315,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,381,1816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14 – 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
), spherical base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFAFFE3FE03F89AE6EAC050" box="[392,482,1867,1893]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="6.[197,315,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,381,1816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14 – 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
). Terminal segment with 2–3 enlarged spigots at tip. PMS single segment, with spigots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFFAFFE3FF71F8A2E65AC0B8" box="[250,338,1907,1933]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="6.[197,315,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,381,1816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14 – 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
), short, with rounded apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036F3FFFAFFE0FF4EF84AE64DC637" blockId="5.[151,1437,1507,2013]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,152,298]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="5" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Spermathecae relatively simple, a single pair of unbranched (Fig. 29, 30, 33) or branched bulbs (Fig. 37, 38, 41) with moderately sclerotized base. Distinctive male mating clasper (modified tibia and metatarsus of leg I, e.g., Fig. 31); metatarsus relatively straight with slight proximal ventral excavation. Cymbium of male pedipalp lacks spines (Fig. 28, 36), short pyriform palpal bulb simple, embolus relatively straight, lacks serrations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFF9FFE0FF6BFF39E630C637" box="[224,312,232,258]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 – 25" captionStartId="6.[197,315,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[206,1382,381,1816]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 14 – 25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY 3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14 – 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR 067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="31">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3556578FFF9FFE0FF4EFEDEE48BC61F" box="[197,899,271,298]" pageId="6" pageNumber="31" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036F3FFF9FFE0FF4EFEDEE48BC61F" blockId="6.[151,1436,152,298]" box="[197,899,271,298]" pageId="6" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFF9FFE0FF4EFEDEE660C61C" bold="true" box="[197,360,271,297]" pageId="6" pageNumber="31">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Central-western and northwestern California.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF30667BFFF9FFE0FF4EF8F2E7FEC0DD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183056/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="31" targetBox="[209,1380,381,1816]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036F3FFF9FFE0FF4EF8F2E7FEC0DD" blockId="6.[151,1436,1827,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFF9FFE0FF4EF8F2E684C00E" bold="true" box="[197,396,1827,1851]" pageId="6" pageNumber="31">FIGURES 14–25.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFF9FFE0FE18F8F5E5DBC00E" box="[403,723,1828,1851]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Promyrmekiaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="winnemem" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFF9FFE0FE18F8F5E5DBC00E" box="[403,723,1828,1851]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="31">Promyrmekiaphila winnemem</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFF9FFE0FD51F8F2E427C00E" bold="true" box="[730,815,1827,1851]" pageId="6" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A208579AFFF9FFE0FD51F8F2E427C00E" box="[730,815,1827,1851]" pageId="6" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
female (MY3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14– 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFF9FFE0FD2BF87EE414C0F3" box="[672,796,1967,1990]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Promyrmekiaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clathrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFF9FFE0FD2BF87EE414C0F3" box="[672,796,1967,1990]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="31">P. clathrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male (PR067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3556578FFF8FFE1FF4EFF46E267C317" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036F3FFF8FFE1FF4EFF46E36CC5D7" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1058]" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFF8FFE1FF4EFF46E649C784" bold="true" box="[197,321,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
Unlike its more diverse relative
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFF8FFE1FD42FF49E45AC784" box="[713,850,152,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Aptostichus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFF8FFE1FD42FF49E45AC784" box="[713,850,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Aptostichus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, widely distributed throughout southern and central California,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFF8FFE1FEC4FF11E522C7EC" box="[335,554,192,217]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Promyrmekiaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFF8FFE1FEC4FF11E522C7EC" box="[335,554,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Promyrmekiaphila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a relatively restricted distribution (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFF8FFE1FB8FFF11E37AC7EF" box="[1028,1138,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,194,1305]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,194,1329]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 6. Distribution of Promyrmekiaphila in northern California. Circles represent known localities of P. c l a t h - rata, triangles represent P. winnemem sp. nov. Niche-based distribution models (redrawn from Stockman & Bond, 2007), indicating potentially suitable habitat for each species: P. winnemem (5); P. clathrata (6)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183053/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Figs 4–6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Distributed west of the Central Valley, the genus extends to south of the San Francisco Bay area into Santa Cruz County and north into Mendocino County. A single disjunct species is found at the northwestern apex of the Central Valley, in Tehama and Shasta Counties. Members of the genus are unknown from the agriculturally dominated Central Valley, and no spiders have yet been found east of it. Niche-based distribution models created using Maxent (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B02FFF8FFE1FF14FE59E569C697" author="Phillips" box="[159,609,392,418]" pageId="7" pageNumber="41" refString="Phillips, S. J., Anderson, R. P. & Schapire, R. E. (2006) Maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions. Ecological Modelling, 190, 231 - 259." type="journal article" year="2006">Phillips, Anderson, & Schapire, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) for each of the two species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFF8FFE1FC4DFE59E33CC697" box="[966,1076,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,194,1305]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,194,1329]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 6. Distribution of Promyrmekiaphila in northern California. Circles represent known localities of P. c l a t h - rata, triangles represent P. winnemem sp. nov. Niche-based distribution models (redrawn from Stockman & Bond, 2007), indicating potentially suitable habitat for each species: P. winnemem (5); P. clathrata (6)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183053/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Figs 5, 6</figureCitation>
|
||
, see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B02FFF8FFE1FBFBFE59E29CC697" author="Stockman" box="[1136,1428,392,418]" pageId="7" pageNumber="41" refString="Stockman, A. K. & Bond, J. E. (2007) Delimiting cohesion species: extreme population structuring and the role of ecological interchangeability. Molecular Ecology, 16, 3374 - 3392." type="journal article" year="2007">Stockman & Bond 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) indicate that each are found under very different environmental conditions.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFF8FFE1FB9AFE61E256C6FC" box="[1041,1374,432,457]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Promyrmekiaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clathrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFF8FFE1FB9AFE61E256C6FC" box="[1041,1374,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Promyrmekiaphila clathrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations are most abundant in rich, dark soils of the mesic mixed oak and redwood forests common along the Pacific Coast near the San Francisco Bay Area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFF8FFE1FD65FDD1E433C52F" box="[750,827,512,538]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,194,1305]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,194,1329]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 6. Distribution of Promyrmekiaphila in northern California. Circles represent known localities of P. c l a t h - rata, triangles represent P. winnemem sp. nov. Niche-based distribution models (redrawn from Stockman & Bond, 2007), indicating potentially suitable habitat for each species: P. winnemem (5); P. clathrata (6)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183053/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The probability of occurrence tends to decrease towards the east, likely corresponding to a general increase in aridity (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B02FFF8FFE1FC58FDF9E3FDC577" author="Stockman" box="[979,1269,552,578]" pageId="7" pageNumber="41" refString="Stockman, A. K. & Bond, J. E. (2007) Delimiting cohesion species: extreme population structuring and the role of ecological interchangeability. Molecular Ecology, 16, 3374 - 3392." type="journal article" year="2007">Stockman & Bond 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in that direction (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFF8FFE1FF5FFD81E613C55F" box="[212,283,592,618]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,194,1305]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,194,1329]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 6. Distribution of Promyrmekiaphila in northern California. Circles represent known localities of P. c l a t h - rata, triangles represent P. winnemem sp. nov. Niche-based distribution models (redrawn from Stockman & Bond, 2007), indicating potentially suitable habitat for each species: P. winnemem (5); P. clathrata (6)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183053/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). A few, rare populations have been found in very dry, hard soils near the western edge of the Central Valley. These populations are typically located in more mesic microhabitat zones associated with some degree of vegetation coverage.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFF8FFE1FD9EFD71E470C58C" box="[533,888,672,697]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Promyrmekiaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="winnemem">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFF8FFE1FD9EFD71E470C58C" box="[533,888,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Promyrmekiaphila winnemem</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations are greatly separated geographically from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFF8FFE1FE9CFD19E697C5D4" box="[279,415,712,737]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Promyrmekiaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clathrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFF8FFE1FE9CFD19E697C5D4" box="[279,415,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">P. clathrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations by large expanses of unsuitable habitat (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFF8FFE1FB86FD19E35DC5D7" box="[1037,1109,712,738]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 6" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1353,1377]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,194,1305]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,194,1329]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 6. Distribution of Promyrmekiaphila in northern California. Circles represent known localities of P. c l a t h - rata, triangles represent P. winnemem sp. nov. Niche-based distribution models (redrawn from Stockman & Bond, 2007), indicating potentially suitable habitat for each species: P. winnemem (5); P. clathrata (6)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183053/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF036F3FFF8FFE1FF4EFD3EE267C317" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1058]" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFF8FFE1FF4EFD3EE69EC43C" bold="true" box="[197,406,751,777]" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Natural History:</emphasis>
|
||
Throughout its range, all known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFF8FFE1FC94FD21E4F2C43C" box="[799,1018,752,777]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Promyrmekiaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFF8FFE1FC94FD21E4F2C43C" box="[799,1018,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Promyrmekiaphila</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
individuals build subterranean burrows, easily located on steep road cuts and creek banks. However, burrows can also be found under leaf litter, moss, bare soil, and tall grass. The sometimes-convoluted burrows tend to extend back and downward from the bank face to depths over
|
||
<quantity id="4CB79B16FFF8FFE1FE63FCB9E53DC4B7" box="[488,565,872,898]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
|
||
. The entire length of the burrow typically has a moderate lining of opaque white silk. The burrow entrance is covered with a wafer-like trapdoor, constructed of silk, soil and other detritus, rendering the burrow highly cryptic (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13742A76FFF8FFE1FDFDFC69E5D5C4E7" box="[630,733,952,978]" captionStart="FIGURE 1 – 3" captionStartId="1.[151,255,1383,1407]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,797,1355]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,797,1355]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1 – 3. Promyrmekiaphila clathrata: live specimen in situ (1), burrow closed (2), burrow open (3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/183052/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Figs 2, 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Although rare, smaller side chambers have been observed, some extending upward to the soil surface and others perpendicular to the main chamber and blind. Unlike in burrows of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F4D70FFF8FFE1FE95FBD9E580C317" authority="Atkinson 1886" authorityName="Atkinson" authorityYear="1886" box="[286,648,1032,1058]" class="Arachnida" family="Cyrtaucheniidae" genus="Myrmekiaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93BEAE1FFF8FFE1FE95FBD9E6D9C314" box="[286,465,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="32">Myrmekiaphila</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE4B02FFF8FFE1FE53FBD9E580C317" author="Atkinson" box="[472,648,1032,1058]" pageId="7" pageNumber="40" refString="Atkinson, G. F. (1886) Descriptions of some new trapdoor spiders; their nests and food habits. Entomologica Americana, 2, 109 - 117, 128 - 137." type="journal article" year="1886">Atkinson 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, its Euctenizine kin, internal trapdoors have not been observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |