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<document id="D460E0BE7554BF57B764379B3836AC92" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.274532" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aa7a2f2b-ea55-4ae2-863a-93bf3bdde535" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="274532" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459984091607" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Valim, Michel P. &amp; Linardi, Pedro Marcos" docDate="2008" docId="03948456FFAEFFEF26E950CADC111D21" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01899p024.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1899" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Gyropus wernecki Emerson and Price 1975" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="FFADFC2EFFBFFFFD267E5649DD2D1865" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic catalog, including host and geographic distribution, of the species of the genus Gyropus Nitzsch (Phthiraptera: Amblycera: Gyropidae)" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1698232144760" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="F6DDE69750B8E930DC3ACE96DB3DD671" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="0488D347A398CE9611E98F89EF4DC210">
<mods:title id="1F27F1C8F6D2BE8951049829A54BF943">A taxonomic catalog, including host and geographic distribution, of the species of the genus Gyropus Nitzsch (Phthiraptera: Amblycera: Gyropidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="AB525057A4FCBE86B1D2916F86E8BE1E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0FE04C9D30D2380D8AF09566ABA4531D">Valim, Michel P.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="9C81F2FCA2F87C42A51ED26653DB0326">Linardi, Pedro Marcos</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="8E2D25B31DE529C338F2795DD6F3DBE7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="C273EDF9A7983F7831B6E20BAB09F908" type="host">
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<mods:title id="5AD8F4AAB49DDE9CDC21AC4A97774C38">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="99CAEB7B7C06B92EE272B27BCD13302A">
<mods:date id="6AA3F33D413146EC356C6F14DC2CC104">2008</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="917810F1206244B4FCED6C4DF25E2398" type="volume">
<mods:number id="B89AB46CF14A334F81E9559C5DC3AAD4">1899</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="9732F75E016414BBD2067DF9D5DF6171">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="1F3E07D6411C1072453EE14390D8C662">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A241A95C627CD9A1D3027FBD0E90C6AC" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.274532</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B87AF19841D2552B2417C73B2A972B77" type="GBIF-Dataset">aa7a2f2b-ea55-4ae2-863a-93bf3bdde535</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B09F41A1BD68BE720BABF6A6A3E5A657" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0CDAA8209E32481FBE3AAE757FA82B76" type="Zenodo-Dep">274532</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03948456FFAEFFEF26E950CADC111D21" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6228765" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119379026" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6228765" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03948456FFAEFFEF26E950CADC111D21" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03948456FFAEFFEF26E950CADC111D21" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<subSubSection id="C32766CBFFAEFFEC26E950CADF9F1EF9" box="[151,690,1666,1693]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B823540FFAEFFEC26E950CADF9F1EF9" blockId="17.[151,1436,1666,2037]" box="[151,690,1666,1693]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="D0CA822CFFAEFFEC26E950CADF9F1EF9" bold="true" box="[151,690,1666,1693]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFAEFFEC26E950CADF9F1EF9" authority="Emerson and Price, 1975" authorityName="Emerson and Price" authorityYear="1975" box="[151,690,1666,1693]" class="Insecta" family="Gyropidae" genus="Gyropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wernecki">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFAEFFEC26E950CADF9F1EF9" bold="true" box="[151,690,1666,1693]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFAEFFEC26E950CADC5F1EF8" bold="true" box="[151,370,1667,1693]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Gyropus wernecki</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFAEFFEC270750CBDF9F1EF9" author="Emerson" box="[377,690,1666,1692]" pageId="17" pageNumber="22" refString="Emerson, K. C. &amp; Price, R. D. (1975) Mallophaga of Venezuelan mammals. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin (Biological Series), 20, (3), 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1975">Emerson and Price, 1975</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32766CBFFAEFFEF26E950E7D8BB1901" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B823540FFAEFFEC26E950E7DF871F90" blockId="17.[151,1436,1666,2037]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2D126EFFAEFFEC26E950E7DF871F90" infered="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFAEFFEC26E950E7DFEE1EAD" authority="Emerson and Price 1975: 4" authorityName="Emerson and Price" authorityPageNumber="4" authorityYear="1975" box="[151,707,1710,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Gyropidae" genus="Gyropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wernecki">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFAEFFEC26E950E7DC421EA2" box="[151,367,1710,1735]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Gyropus wernecki</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A9C1351FFAEFFEC270750E7DFEE1EAD" author="Emerson" box="[377,707,1710,1736]" page="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1975">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFAEFFEC270750E7DF8B1EAD" author="Emerson" box="[377,678,1710,1736]" pageId="17" pageNumber="22" refString="Emerson, K. C. &amp; Price, R. D. (1975) Mallophaga of Venezuelan mammals. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin (Biological Series), 20, (3), 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1975">Emerson and Price 1975</bibRefCitation>
: 4
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(key to Venezuelan species), 31 (description and infestation data), fig. 75 (female habitus, dorso-ventral view and detail of the antenna), fig. 76 (male habitus, dorsoventral view), fig. 77 (female terminalia, ventral view), fig. 78 (male genitalia, dorsal view).
<typeStatus id="54868BE2FFAEFFEC2368514DD87D1F7B" box="[1302,1360,1796,1822]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingCountry id="F32A75D0FFAEFFEC26885166DC5C1F2C" box="[246,369,1839,1865]" name="Venezuela" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, Trujillo, Santa Apolônia.
<typeStatus id="54868BE2FFAEFFEC24D35166DFCA1F2C" box="[685,743,1839,1865]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type</typeStatus>
host:
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFAEFFEC254E5166D9711F2D" ID-CoL="4MQLJ" box="[816,1116,1839,1864]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semispinosus">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFAEFFEC254E5166D9711F2D" box="[816,1116,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Proechimys semispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54868BE2FFAEFFEC22125166D9F41F2C" box="[1132,1241,1839,1865]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male, ‘allotype’ female, and several
<typeStatus id="54868BE2FFAEFFEC27C25113DF011F11" box="[444,556,1882,1908]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
held by USNM. There are
<typeStatus id="54868BE2FFAEFFEC25FC5113DEDF1F11" box="[898,1010,1882,1908]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
held by MBUC (see
<treatmentCitation id="0A9C1351FFAEFFEC22815113DC4F1FFA" author="Emerson" page="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1975">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFAEFFEC22815113DC671FFA" author="Emerson" pageId="17" pageNumber="22" refString="Emerson, K. C. &amp; Price, R. D. (1975) Mallophaga of Venezuelan mammals. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin (Biological Series), 20, (3), 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1975">Emerson and Price 1975</bibRefCitation>
: 1
</treatmentCitation>
), and we were able to find two female
<typeStatus id="54868BE2FFAEFFEC254E51CCDE8D1FFA" box="[816,928,1925,1951]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
at MZSP, four female
<typeStatus id="54868BE2FFAEFFEC22D551CCD8361FFA" box="[1195,1307,1925,1951]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
at FMNH, one male and one female
<typeStatus id="54868BE2FFAEFFEC278751F9DF731FAF" box="[505,606,1968,1994]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
at PIPeR, three males and three females
<typeStatus id="54868BE2FFAEFFEC223951F9D99A1FAF" box="[1095,1207,1968,1994]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
at EMEC, and one male and one female
<typeStatus id="54868BE2FFAEFFEC27BF5192DF0B1F90" box="[449,550,2011,2037]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
at BMNH.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B823540FFADFFEF26E956D7D8BB1901" blockId="18.[151,1436,158,1348]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFADFFEF26E956D7DC9218DD" author="Emerson" box="[151,447,158,184]" pageId="18" pageNumber="22" refString="Emerson, K. C. &amp; Price, R. D. (1981) A host-parasite list of the Mallophaga on mammals. Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America, 12, (1), 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1981">Emerson and Price 1981</bibRefCitation>
: 43, 44 (host-parasite checklist).
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFADFFEF253756D7D95F18DD" author="Emerson" box="[841,1138,158,184]" pageId="18" pageNumber="22" refString="Emerson, K. C. &amp; Price, R. D. (1985) Evolution of Mallophaga on mammals. In: Kim K. C. (Ed.) Coevolution of parasitic arthropods and mammals. John Wiley &amp; Sons Inc., New York, pp 233 - 255." type="book chapter" year="1985">Emerson and Price 1985</bibRefCitation>
: 248, figs. 6.5 A (female habitus, dorso-ventral view redrawn from
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFADFFEF24CB5680DEC61886" author="Emerson" box="[693,1003,201,227]" pageId="18" pageNumber="22" refString="Emerson, K. C. &amp; Price, R. D. (1975) Mallophaga of Venezuelan mammals. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin (Biological Series), 20, (3), 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1975">Emerson and Price (1975)</bibRefCitation>
, fig, 75), 6.5 B (male habitus, dorsoventral view redrawn from
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFADFFEF247456BDDE6C196B" author="Emerson" box="[522,833,244,270]" pageId="18" pageNumber="22" refString="Emerson, K. C. &amp; Price, R. D. (1975) Mallophaga of Venezuelan mammals. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin (Biological Series), 20, (3), 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1975">Emerson and Price (1975)</bibRefCitation>
, fig, 76).
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFADFFEF25CD56BDD9C6196B" author="Cicchino" box="[947,1259,244,270]" pageId="18" pageNumber="21" refString="Cicchino, A. C. &amp; Castro, D. del C. (1990) A new species of Gyropus Nitzsch, 1818 (Phthiraptera, Amblycera, Gyropidae) from Proechimys albispinus (I. Geoffroy) (Mammalia, Rodentia, Echimyidae). Acta Parasitologica, 35, (4), 319 - 323." type="journal article" year="1990">Cicchino and Castro 1990</bibRefCitation>
: 322 (checklist of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF26995769DC66195C" box="[231,331,288,313]" class="Insecta" family="Gyropidae" genus="Gyropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF26995769DC66195C" box="[231,331,288,313]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Gyropus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species on
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF27AD5769DF48195F" ID-CoL="9JX" box="[467,613,288,314]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Echimyidae</taxonomicName>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFADFFEF24065769DE10195F" author="Price" box="[632,829,288,314]" pageId="18" pageNumber="24" refString="Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A. &amp; Palma, R. L. (2003) World checklist of chewing lice with host associations and keys to families and genera. In: Price, R. D., Hellenthal, R. A., Palma, R. L., Johnson, K. P. &amp; Clayton, D. H. The chewing lice: world checklist and biological overview. Illinois Natural History Survey Special Publication, Illinois, 24, pp. 1 - 448." type="journal article" year="2003">
Price
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF24C25769DFC2195C" box="[700,751,288,313]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">et al</emphasis>
. 2003
</bibRefCitation>
: 29, fig. 31 (female habitus, dorso-ventral view and male genitalia, dorsal view both redrawn from
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFADFFEF24935703D90D1901" author="Emerson" box="[749,1056,330,356]" pageId="18" pageNumber="22" refString="Emerson, K. C. &amp; Price, R. D. (1975) Mallophaga of Venezuelan mammals. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin (Biological Series), 20, (3), 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1975">Emerson and Price (1975)</bibRefCitation>
figs. 75 and 78), 77 (checklist).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32766CBFFADFFEF26E9573FD8B51983" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B823540FFADFFEF26E9573FDC2619DE" blockId="18.[151,1436,158,1348]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Distribution.
<collectingCountry id="F32A75D0FFADFFEF2746573FDCCB19F5" box="[312,486,374,400]" name="Venezuela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
(Apure, Barinas, Carabobo, Falcón, Lara, Monagas, Sucre, Trujillo, Yaracuy, Zulia).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B823540FFADFFEF26E95785D8B51983" blockId="18.[151,1436,158,1348]" box="[151,1432,457,486]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Hosts.
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF26965785DF3E1980" box="[232,531,460,485]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semispinosus">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF26965785DF3E1980" box="[232,531,460,485]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Proechimys semispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
+,
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF24555785DF971980" box="[555,698,460,486]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicollis">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF24555785DF141980" box="[555,569,460,485]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF24365785DF971980" box="[584,698,460,485]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">canicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
+,
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF24AC5785DEAD1980" box="[722,896,460,486]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guyannensis">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF24AC5785DFCC1980" box="[722,737,460,485]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF24915785DEAD1980" box="[751,896,460,485]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">guyannensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
+,
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF25E65785D8B91983" authority="Thomas" authorityName="Thomas" box="[920,1428,460,486]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guairae">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF25E65785D9A91980" box="[920,1156,460,485]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Proechimys guairae</emphasis>
Thomas (Echimyidae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32766CBFFADFFEF26E957BEDC111D21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B823540FFADFFEF26E957BEDC111D21" blockId="18.[151,1436,158,1348]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF26E957BEDC3D1A74" bold="true" box="[151,272,503,529]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Remarks.</emphasis>
In the original description,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFADFFEF241757BEDEF41A74" author="Emerson" box="[617,985,503,529]" pageId="18" pageNumber="22" refString="Emerson, K. C. &amp; Price, R. D. (1975) Mallophaga of Venezuelan mammals. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin (Biological Series), 20, (3), 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1975">Emerson and Price (1975: 31)</bibRefCitation>
cited
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF225657BED8751A75" box="[1064,1368,503,528]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semispinosus">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF225657BED8751A75" box="[1064,1368,503,528]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Proechimys semispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Santa Apolônia in Trujillo (
<collectingCountry id="F32A75D0FFADFFEF2783546BDF571A59" box="[509,634,546,572]" name="Venezuela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
) as the
<typeStatus id="54868BE2FFADFFEF24AC546BDE281A59" box="[722,773,546,572]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
host for
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF2513546BDEDA1A5E" box="[877,1015,546,572]" class="Insecta" family="Gyropidae" genus="Gyropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wernecki">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF2513546BDE521A5E" box="[877,895,546,571]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">G</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF25F3546BDEDA1A5E" box="[909,1015,546,571]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">wernecki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and designated
<typeStatus id="54868BE2FFADFFEF22C5546BD8061A59" box="[1211,1323,546,572]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
collected on two other host species from La Paz in Zulia (
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF256E5404D93B1A03" box="[784,1046,589,614]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicollis">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF256E5404D93B1A03" box="[784,1046,589,614]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Proechimys canicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), Capibara in Amazonas and El Manaco in Bolívar (
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF27B95430DFDE1AF7" box="[455,755,633,658]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guyannensis">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF27B95430DFDE1AF7" box="[455,755,633,658]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Proechimys guyannensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The geographic range of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF22185430D8B11AF7" box="[1126,1436,633,658]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semispinosus">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF22185430D8B11AF7" box="[1126,1436,633,658]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Proechimys semispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFADFFEF26BD54EADC411AD8" author="Gardner" box="[195,364,675,701]" pageId="18" pageNumber="22" refString="Gardner, A. L. (1983) Proechimys semispinosus (Rodentia: Echimyidae): distribution, type locality, and taxonomic history. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 96, (1), 134 - 144." type="journal article" year="1983">Gardner 1983</bibRefCitation>
: 142;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFADFFEF27CD54EADFDC1AD8" author="Gardner" box="[435,753,675,701]" pageId="18" pageNumber="22" refString="Gardner, A. L. &amp; Emmon, L. H. (1984) Spcecies group in Proechimys (Rodentia, Echimyidae) as indicated by karyology and bullar morphology. Journal of Mammalogy, 65, (1), 10 - 25." type="journal article" year="1984">Gardner and Emmon 1984</bibRefCitation>
: 23) does not include localities presented by
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFADFFEF237C54EADC7E1A8D" author="Emerson" pageId="18" pageNumber="22" refString="Emerson, K. C. &amp; Price, R. D. (1975) Mallophaga of Venezuelan mammals. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin (Biological Series), 20, (3), 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1975">Emerson and Price (1975)</bibRefCitation>
, and later published by
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFADFFEF24075487DE181A8D" author="Handley" box="[633,821,718,744]" pageId="18" pageNumber="22" refString="Handley, C. O. Jr. (1976) Mammals of the Smithsonian Venezuelan project. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin (Biological Series), 20, 1 - 89." type="journal article" year="1976">Handley (1976)</bibRefCitation>
for Venezuelan rodents. It is likely that the rodent species found in almost all localities indicated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFADFFEF257C54B3D9181B71" author="Emerson" box="[770,1077,762,788]" pageId="18" pageNumber="22" refString="Emerson, K. C. &amp; Price, R. D. (1975) Mallophaga of Venezuelan mammals. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin (Biological Series), 20, (3), 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1975">Emerson and Price (1975)</bibRefCitation>
is
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF222854B3D86F1B76" box="[1110,1346,762,787]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guairae">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF222854B3D86F1B76" box="[1110,1346,762,787]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Proechimys guairae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
instead of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF26A0556CDF211B5B" box="[222,524,805,830]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semispinosus">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF26A0556CDF211B5B" box="[222,524,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Proechimys semispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. On the other hand, the individuals identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF221C556CD84A1B5B" box="[1122,1383,805,830]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicollis">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF221C556CD84A1B5B" box="[1122,1383,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Proechimys canicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF26C55519DCF01B0C" box="[187,477,848,873]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guyannensis">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF26C55519DCF01B0C" box="[187,477,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Proechimys guyannensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could occur in the localities cited in
<collectingCountry id="F32A75D0FFADFFEF25F25519D9281B0F" box="[908,1029,848,874]" name="Venezuela" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFADFFEF226D5519D98B1B0F" author="Patton" box="[1043,1190,848,874]" pageId="18" pageNumber="23" refString="Patton, J. L. (1987) Species group of spiny rats, genus Proechimys (Rodentia: Echimyidae). Fieldiana, Zoology n. s., 39, 305 - 346." type="journal article" year="1987">Patton 1987</bibRefCitation>
). We think it prudent to consider the
<typeStatus id="54868BE2FFADFFEF27105532DC8C1BF0" box="[366,417,891,917]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
host, with its corrected name, as the only valid host species for
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF22F25532D84C1BF1" box="[1164,1377,891,916]" class="Insecta" family="Gyropidae" genus="Gyropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wernecki">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF22F25532D84C1BF1" box="[1164,1377,891,916]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Gyropus wernecki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is important to stress out that: (1) there are not two species of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF250955EFDEF61BDA" box="[887,987,934,959]" class="Insecta" family="Gyropidae" genus="Gyropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF250955EFDEF61BDA" box="[887,987,934,959]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Gyropus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the same
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF220855EFD9D21BDA" box="[1142,1279,934,959]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF220855EFD9D21BDA" box="[1142,1279,934,959]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Proechimys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
host species; (2) there is a species of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF247F5598DF481B8F" box="[513,613,977,1002]" class="Insecta" family="Gyropidae" genus="Gyropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF247F5598DF481B8F" box="[513,613,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Gyropus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF24005598DE3C1B8F" box="[638,785,977,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Gyropidae" genus="Gyropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emersoni">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF24005598DFBD1B8F" box="[638,656,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">G</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF24D85598DE3C1B8F" box="[678,785,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">emersoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), morphologically distinct from
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF22CF5598D86E1B8F" box="[1201,1347,977,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Gyropidae" genus="Gyropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wernecki">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF22CF5598D9EE1B8F" box="[1201,1219,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">G</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF22A75598D86E1B8F" box="[1241,1347,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">wernecki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, on
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF23F85598DC7B1C70" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semispinosus">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF23F85598D8B81B8F" box="[1414,1429,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF26C555B5DC7B1C70" box="[187,342,1020,1045]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">semispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its recognized geographic area; and (3)
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF251D55B5D9BF1C70" box="[867,1170,1020,1045]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semispinosus">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF251D55B5D9BF1C70" box="[867,1170,1020,1045]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Proechimys semispinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not occur in the
<typeStatus id="54868BE2FFADFFEF26C5526EDDC01C24" box="[187,237,1063,1089]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF270A5261DF641C24" box="[372,585,1064,1089]" class="Insecta" family="Gyropidae" genus="Gyropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wernecki">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF270A5261DF641C24" box="[372,585,1064,1089]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Gyropus wernecki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Based on these aspects, it is plausible that the correct name for the
<typeStatus id="54868BE2FFADFFEF2317526ED8B11C24" box="[1385,1436,1063,1089]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">type</typeStatus>
host of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF2766521ADCDD1C09" box="[280,496,1107,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Gyropidae" genus="Gyropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wernecki">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF2766521ADCDD1C09" box="[280,496,1107,1132]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Gyropus wernecki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF2468521ADFBC1C09" box="[534,657,1106,1132]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guairae">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF2468521ADF081C09" box="[534,549,1107,1132]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF2448521ADFBC1C09" box="[566,657,1107,1132]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">guairae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is possible that
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF2505521AD9201C09" box="[891,1037,1106,1132]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="canicollis">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF2505521ADEA71C09" box="[891,906,1107,1132]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF25E5521AD9201C09" box="[923,1037,1107,1132]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">canicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF2234521AD9D61C09" box="[1098,1275,1106,1132]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guyannensis">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF2234521AD9741C09" box="[1098,1113,1107,1132]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF2214521AD9D61C09" box="[1130,1275,1107,1132]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">guyannensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could harbor undescribed species of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF27AC5237DF1B1CF2" box="[466,566,1150,1175]" class="Insecta" family="Gyropidae" genus="Gyropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF27AC5237DF1B1CF2" box="[466,566,1150,1175]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Gyropus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which were equivocally considered as the same one as that found on
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF23F85237DC3B1CA7" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guairae">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF23F85237D8B81CF2" box="[1414,1429,1150,1175]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF26C552E0DC3B1CA7" box="[187,278,1193,1218]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">guairae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC48B1FFADFFEF273852E0DFAE1CA6" author="Emerson" box="[326,643,1193,1219]" pageId="18" pageNumber="22" refString="Emerson, K. C. &amp; Price, R. D. (1975) Mallophaga of Venezuelan mammals. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin (Biological Series), 20, (3), 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1975">Emerson and Price (1975)</bibRefCitation>
. The detailed analysis of the male genitalia as well as the internal genital sclerites in females on samples from these two host species would test this hypothesis, since these are the main characters used to distinguish
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF24BB52B6DE041D7D" box="[709,809,1279,1304]" class="Insecta" family="Gyropidae" genus="Gyropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF24BB52B6DE041D7D" box="[709,809,1279,1304]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Gyropus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. found on Amazonian
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4EC3FFADFFEF220C52B6D9D61D7D" box="[1138,1275,1279,1304]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Proechimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B949E952FFADFFEF220C52B6D9D61D7D" box="[1138,1275,1279,1304]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Proechimys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(M.P. Valim, obs. pers.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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