629 lines
80 KiB
XML
629 lines
80 KiB
XML
<document id="8BE30B2AE99F16D361C1D51794432DD4" ID-CLB-Dataset="31539" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4347.3.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7e4928f-ff01-4a24-8b4b-76bb16074795" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1048679" ID-ZooBank="BF851FBA-98F3-4DB8-A69F-73D930773AFE" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1510650187963" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Scherz, Mark D., Razafindraibe, Jary H., Rakotoarison, Andolalao, Dixit, Nadi M., Bletz, Molly C., Glaw, Frank & Vences, Miguel" docDate="2017" docId="03921767FF8B370C7DF23FBDFE36FC96" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4347.3.9.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4347 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Gephyromantis tohatra Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" masterDocId="FFAB6F1FFF8837047D653F2AFFD4FFAE" masterDocTitle="Yet another small brown frog from high altitude on the Marojejy Massif, northeastern Madagascar (Anura: Mantellidae)" updateTime="1698484722401" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="6A323ADBA23D050A364AB21D1943C356" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="DC18B2D9D026782747DB4AEF08795DE7">
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<mods:title id="75B2CB268408D0BBB75D655EC49812B6">Yet another small brown frog from high altitude on the Marojejy Massif, northeastern Madagascar (Anura: Mantellidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="CFB15271532F0213045488622BB19B93" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3C41DC0FAA5F2DFC4314E3069538AED8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="968707B2BCE2123F497D77327792DD7D">Scherz, Mark D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="DB8168895293492EF751A2309D4688BA" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9D2C11681CB1C362FE5C24AA76BAAA4F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A3D51838BB02DD8BAD7BDA507F0558B9">Razafindraibe, Jary H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="3DD4295089F157AA88C19E7B7BA9CC70" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="86B09C4AFC2A79D5479A18D4FB45102A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E88566E8F1871B0E15A1F5E804BF6F33">Rakotoarison, Andolalao</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="5B5F38F4E745315ED3158521861170F4" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="A3AB53580E42CB14519C38E3F8252241">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FA9BE39370B3CAE1FF2BF43AF56A71AA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="229A8E18AE937AAD1F751A220AE1AE45">Dixit, Nadi M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="16E6F40B2A04090A139442C0AB693D4C" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="404D0904B8907BBD0E79D3486FE5061D">
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<mods:roleTerm id="AC223FB9D38ABE151BE5CB92C814B480">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7DE0CEA78F02D5F48F06BA9921395927">Bletz, Molly C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="B72890335415F6C9C4E8F17550E720DB" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="344787EC52BE1FF87C2690D187AA86E6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2B965F6157299349773111E4CF9F8D45">Glaw, Frank</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="09C635B81FCCCF87C6A4AAA0EDA7CFF4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C347D83AD9A819F603D9D972B02544AD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1712155CB08C8A204EEFAE173549F78D">Vences, Miguel</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="43309231FAE69D6E11D061A47B451169">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="3774E5614C98E827739D663F5D2C9AC4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="1B8E6428067D395C7A7547AA3B793D21">
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<mods:date id="A8BF2B2987E072292FB1ACE4047B6BC3">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FE46BE46EC62977E984638ECC75026D7">2017-11-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DD6706B34FAAC068916325B02554D0C8">4347</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="91BA98018374BB34A5277267C46DEABC" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="63303C57CD59A5E7A1ED93AEA72F612C">3</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:classification id="74D6CC25D756C7E71F7BAFCAB798D6B2">journal volume</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AE577D7EDD1643FC2779D38795672792" type="CLB-Dataset">31539</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="88611121051DF40114857884FD418570" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4347.3.9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0C9BB5B5FB082CF770DA8399570A1DF8" type="GBIF-Dataset">e7e4928f-ff01-4a24-8b4b-76bb16074795</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="52DEBA9CA57EA8BCCEC1C8E6F7DCEAD4" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="90A7360AAFEF86C6D4649141152E0186" type="Zenodo-Dep">1048679</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C2DED433E53851AA9BC39310C00539EC" type="ZooBank">BF851FBA-98F3-4DB8-A69F-73D930773AFE</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03921767FF8B370C7DF23FBDFE36FC96" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6001906" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137295176" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6001906" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03921767FF8B370C7DF23FBDFE36FC96" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03921767FF8B370C7DF23FBDFE36FC96" lastPageId="8" pageId="3">
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<subSubSection id="C321F5FAFF8B37077DF23FBDFEC5FF7D" pageId="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8B37077DF23FBDFDC0FF1C" blockId="3.[151,532,151,211]" box="[151,532,151,178]" pageId="3">
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<heading id="D0CC111DFF8B37077DF23FBDFDC0FF1C" bold="true" box="[151,532,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077DF23FBDFDC0FF1C" bold="true" box="[151,532,151,178]" pageId="3">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077DF23FBDFE64FF1F" ID-CoL="6KCZM" authority="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences, 2017" authorityName="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,432,151,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tohatra" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077DF23FBDFE64FF1F" bold="true" box="[151,432,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="3">Gephyromantis tohatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CC718FF8B37077CD23FB2FDC0FF1C" box="[439,532,152,178]" pageId="3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8B37077DF23F90FEC5FF7D" blockId="3.[151,532,151,211]" box="[151,273,186,211]" pageId="3">
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1300BAF4FF8B37077DFA3F90FEDDFF7D" box="[159,265,186,211]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,1385,1407]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox-0="[152,1435,806,1363]" captionTargetBox-1="[154,1436,373,1789]" captionTargetId-0="figure@4.[151,1436,805,1364]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[151,1436,373,1790]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Preserved holotype of G. tohatra sp. nov. (ZSM 422 / 2016, field number ZCMV 15245, SVL 32.7 mm), in dorsal and ventral view. Scale bar corresponds to 5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Adult male specimens of Gephyromantis tohatra sp. nov. and syntopic G. schilfi from Marojejy National Park in life, in dorsolateral and ventral views. (a, b) Holotype of G. tohatra (ZSM 422 / 2016, field number ZCMV 15245, SVL 32.7 mm); (c, d) paratype of G. tohatra (UADBA uncatologued, field number ZCMV 15236, SVL unknown). (e, f) call voucher of G. schilfi (ZSM 415 / 2016, field number ZCMV 15246, SVL 29.8 mm)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1048683/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1048685/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Figs. 2–3</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321F5FAFF8B37077DF23E28FA5DFE00" pageId="3" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8B37077DF23E28FB43FE24" blockId="3.[151,1437,258,2014]" pageId="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077DF23E28FEDFFEB5" bold="true" box="[151,267,258,283]" pageId="3">
|
||
<typeStatus id="548018D3FF8B37077DF23E28FED2FEB5" box="[151,262,258,283]" pageId="3" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2A3EB4FF8B37077C763E29FE99FEB5" box="[275,333,259,283]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
422/2016 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2A3EB4FF8B37077CAB3E29FDF5FEB5" box="[462,545,259,283]" pageId="3">ZCMV</collectionCode>
|
||
15245), adult male, collected at a site along the main trail leading from Camp Simpona to the summit of the Marojejy Massif, Sava Region, northeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32CE6E1FF8B3707792C3E0CFB06FE91" box="[1097,1234,294,319]" name="Madagascar" pageId="3">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at geographical coordinates
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FC0B6FF8B37077C453E61FE73FECD" box="[288,423,331,355]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" precision="1" value="-14.444">14.44400°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0FC0B6FF8B37077CD63E61FDECFECD" box="[435,568,331,355]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" precision="1" value="49.73791">49.73791°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
and an elevation of
|
||
<quantity id="4CC30B94FF8B37077E473E60FCACFECC" box="[802,888,330,355]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.758" pageId="3" unit="m" value="1758.0">1758 m</quantity>
|
||
above sea level (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1300BAF4FF8B3707795A3E60FB50FECD" box="[1087,1156,330,355]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1385,1407]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,806,1363]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,805,1364]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Preserved holotype of G. tohatra sp. nov. (ZSM 422 / 2016, field number ZCMV 15245, SVL 32.7 mm), in dorsal and ventral view. Scale bar corresponds to 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048683/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1300BAF4FF8B370779F43E60FB1DFECD" box="[1169,1225,330,355]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,373,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,373,1790]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Adult male specimens of Gephyromantis tohatra sp. nov. and syntopic G. schilfi from Marojejy National Park in life, in dorsolateral and ventral views. (a, b) Holotype of G. tohatra (ZSM 422 / 2016, field number ZCMV 15245, SVL 32.7 mm); (c, d) paratype of G. tohatra (UADBA uncatologued, field number ZCMV 15236, SVL unknown). (e, f) call voucher of G. schilfi (ZSM 415 / 2016, field number ZCMV 15246, SVL 29.8 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048685/files/figure.png" pageId="3">3a–b</figureCitation>
|
||
) by M. D. Scherz, M. Vences, J. H. Razafindraibe, and M. Bletz, in the evening of the 19th of
|
||
<date id="FF8580B1FF8B37077EBE3E5BFB40FE24" box="[987,1172,369,394]" pageId="3" value="2016-11">November 2016</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8B37077DA23EBFFA5DFE00" blockId="3.[151,1437,258,2014]" box="[199,1417,405,430]" pageId="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077DA23EBFFEEFFE00" bold="true" box="[199,315,405,430]" pageId="3">
|
||
<typeStatus id="548018D3FF8B37077DA23EBFFEE2FE00" box="[199,310,405,430]" pageId="3" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2A3EB4FF8B37077C273EBCFE72FE00" box="[322,422,406,430]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/q3sh-smdb" name="University dAntananarivo, Department de Biologie Animale" pageId="3">UADBA</collectionCode>
|
||
uncatalogued (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2A3EB4FF8B37077F353EBCFD77FE00" box="[592,675,406,430]" pageId="3">ZCMV</collectionCode>
|
||
15236), adult male, with the same collection data as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548018D3FF8B370778453EBFFA52FE00" box="[1312,1414,405,430]" pageId="3" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321F5FAFF8B37077DA23E93FD9CF8E0" pageId="3" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8B37077DA23E93FDD4FD5C" blockId="3.[151,1437,258,2014]" pageId="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077DA23E93FE95FE7C" bold="true" box="[199,321,441,466]" pageId="3">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species is assigned to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077E713E93FC14FE7F" authorityName="Methuen" authorityYear="1920" box="[788,960,441,465]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077E713E93FC14FE7F" box="[788,960,441,465]" italics="true" pageId="3">Gephyromantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B370779063E93FB27FE7F" box="[1123,1267,441,465]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Duboimantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B370779063E93FB27FE7F" box="[1123,1267,441,465]" italics="true" pageId="3">Duboimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the basis of its mostly connected lateral metatarsalia, moderately enlarged finger tips,
|
||
<typeStatus id="548018D3FF8B37077EB53EF4FBD4FE58" box="[976,1024,478,502]" pageId="3">type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 femoral glands (Glaw
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B370778703EF4FA99FE5B" box="[1301,1357,477,501]" italics="true" pageId="3">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2000), inner and outer dorsolateral ridges sensu Vences & Glaw (2001), presence of webbing between the toes, absence of a distinct white spot in the centre of the tympanum, and presence of small supraocular spines. It is characterised by the following unique suite of characters: (1) SVL at least up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CC30B94FF8B37077E3B3D60FC7BFDCF" box="[862,943,586,610]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="33.0">33 mm</quantity>
|
||
, (2) orange to yellowish ventral colouration in males, (3)
|
||
<typeStatus id="548018D3FF8B37077C573D44FEB6FD28" box="[306,354,622,646]" pageId="3">type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 femoral glands with 10–21 small granules, (4) strongly distinct inner and outer dorsolateral ridges sensu Vences & Glaw (2001), (5) a pale loreal region and broad pale marking covering most of the anterior edge of the tympanum, (6) second finger much shorter than fourth, (7) third toe much shorter than fifth, and (8) 7– 10 distinct pulsed notes per call.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8B37077DA23DD7FB52FB98" blockId="3.[151,1437,258,2014]" pageId="3">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077DA23DD7FE19FCBB" authority="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences, 2017" authorityName="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="2017" box="[199,461,765,789]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tohatra" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077DA23DD7FE19FCBB" box="[199,461,765,789]" italics="true" pageId="3">Gephyromantis tohatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CC718FF8B37077CB03DD7FDE4FCB8" box="[469,560,765,790]" pageId="3" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077CB03DD7FDE4FCB8" bold="true" box="[469,560,765,790]" pageId="3">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from the majority of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077E1D3DD7FBDDFCBB" box="[888,1033,765,789]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Duboimantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077E1D3DD7FBDDFCBB" box="[888,1033,765,789]" italics="true" pageId="3">Duboimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by smaller body size: adult male SVL 33 vs.>
|
||
<quantity id="4CC30B94FF8B37077C0F3C0BFE6DFC97" box="[362,441,801,826]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077CB93C08FA41FC97" box="[476,1429,801,825]" italics="true" pageId="3">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077CB93C08FDA3FC97" baseAuthorityName="Boettger" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[476,631,801,825]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granulatus">G. granulatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077FE63C08FCD2FC97" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="1992" box="[643,774,802,825]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cornutus">G. cornutus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077E743C08FC4FFC97" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[785,923,801,825]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="redimitus">G. redimitus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077EC23C08FBF1FC97" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[935,1061,801,825]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tschenki">G. tschenki</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B370779553C08FB43FC97" box="[1072,1175,801,825]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="salegy">G. salegy</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B370779C73C08FAFCFC97" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[1186,1320,801,825]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tandroka">G. tandroka</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B370778563C08FA41FC97" baseAuthorityName="Methuen and Hewitt" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[1331,1429,801,825]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luteus">G. luteus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077DF23C6CFE94FCF3" baseAuthorityName="Ahl" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[151,320,837,861]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sculpturatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077DF23C6CFE94FCF3" box="[151,320,837,861]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. sculpturatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077C2B3C6CFE69FCF3" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[334,445,837,861]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plicifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077C2B3C6CFE69FCF3" box="[334,445,837,861]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. plicifer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077C9F3C6CFDB1FCF3" baseAuthorityName="Vences, Andreone, Glaw and Randrianirina" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[506,613,838,861]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zavona">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077C9F3C6CFDB1FCF3" box="[506,613,838,861]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. zavona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It can also be distinguished from all other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B370779A33C6FFA83FCF3" box="[1222,1367,837,861]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Duboimantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B370779A33C6FFA83FCF3" box="[1222,1367,837,861]" italics="true" pageId="3">Duboimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its orange to yellowish venter (typically whitish in all other species). Additionally, the presence of distinct inner and outer dorsolateral ridges distinguishes the new species in particular from
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077EA33CA4FB26FC0B" box="[966,1266,909,933]" italics="true" pageId="3">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077EA33CA4FBB4FC0B" baseAuthorityName="Boettger" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[966,1120,909,933]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granulatus">G. granulatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B3707790E3CA4FB26FC0B" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[1131,1266,909,933]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="redimitus">G. redimitus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B3707784B3CA4FA4FFC0B" baseAuthorityName="Vences, Andreone, Glaw and Randrianirina" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[1326,1435,910,933]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zavona">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B3707784B3CA4FA4FFC0B" box="[1326,1435,910,933]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. zavona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in which these folds (in particular the inner dorsolateral ridges) are absent or very weakly expressed.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077DF23CFFFE44FC43" baseAuthorityName="Methuen and Hewitt" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[151,400,981,1005]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luteus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077DF23CFFFE44FC43" box="[151,400,981,1005]" italics="true" pageId="3">Gephyromantis luteus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077CC43CFCFDC7FC43" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[417,531,981,1005]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plicifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077CC43CFCFDC7FC43" box="[417,531,981,1005]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. plicifer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077F323CFCFCD1FC43" baseAuthorityName="Ahl" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[599,773,981,1005]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sculpturatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077F323CFCFCD1FC43" box="[599,773,981,1005]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. sculpturatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have dark concave markings in the suprascapular region (absent in the new species) and much more extensive webbing on the feet.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077E963CD3FA40FBBF" box="[1011,1428,1017,1041]" italics="true" pageId="3">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077E963CD3FAD8FBBF" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="1992" box="[1011,1292,1017,1041]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cornutus">Gephyromantis cornutus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B3707787C3CD0FA40FBBF" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[1305,1428,1017,1041]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tschenki">G. tschenki</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077DA33B34FE9DFB9B" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[198,329,1053,1077]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tandroka">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077DA33B34FE9DFB9B" box="[198,329,1053,1077]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. tandroka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have strongly expressed interocular tubercles (absent in the new species).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8B37077DA23B6BFC80FA9C" blockId="3.[151,1437,258,2014]" pageId="3">
|
||
Three species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077CE83B6BFDCAFBF7" box="[397,542,1089,1113]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Duboimantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077CE83B6BFDCAFBF7" box="[397,542,1089,1113]" italics="true" pageId="3">Duboimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
overlap with the new species in body size.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B3707797E3B6BFA54FBF7" baseAuthorityName="Guibé" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[1051,1408,1089,1113]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucomaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B3707797E3B6BFA54FBF7" box="[1051,1408,1089,1113]" italics="true" pageId="3">Gephyromantis leucomaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is typically larger (adult male SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CC30B94FF8B37077F6B3B4CFD5DFBD0" box="[526,649,1126,1150]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="36.5" valueMax="41.0" valueMin="32.0">32–41 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and differs by absence of inner dorsolateral ridges and straight outer dorsolateral ridges (vs. anteriorly curved).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077FEF3BA3FC58FB0F" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2002" box="[650,908,1161,1185]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077FEF3BA3FC58FB0F" box="[650,908,1161,1185]" italics="true" pageId="3">Gephyromantis moseri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(adult male SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CC30B94FF8B370779003BA0FB30FB0C" box="[1125,1252,1162,1186]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="33.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="27.0">27–40 mm</quantity>
|
||
) has a granular dorsum without or with interrupted dorsolateral ridges (vs. smooth or reticulated dorsum and continuous dorsolateral ridges in the new species) and interocular tubercles (vs. absence).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B3707797F3BFBFAC7FB47" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[1050,1299,1233,1257]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schilfi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B3707797F3BFBFAC7FB47" box="[1050,1299,1233,1257]" italics="true" pageId="3">Gephyromantis schilfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(adult male SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CC30B94FF8B37077DB13BDCFE9BFAA0" box="[212,335,1270,1294]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="28.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="27.0">27–30 mm</quantity>
|
||
) occurs in close syntopy with the new species but differs from it by the absence of distinct inner and outer dorsolateral ridges (vs. presence in the new species).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8B37077DA23A17FF17F910" blockId="3.[151,1437,258,2014]" pageId="3">
|
||
Bioacoustically, the new species differs from all species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077E043A17FC26FAFB" box="[865,1010,1341,1365]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Duboimantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077E043A17FC26FAFB" box="[865,1010,1341,1365]" italics="true" pageId="3">Duboimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by advertisement call structure. Most species in this subgenus emit regularly repeated calls, each of which consists of a single, typically pulsed or pulsatile note (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077C263AACFEA9FA6F" italics="true" pageId="3">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077C263AACFE34FA33" baseAuthorityName="Boettger" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[323,480,1413,1437]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granulatus">G. granulatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077C8A3AACFDA1FA33" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="1992" box="[495,629,1414,1437]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cornutus">G. cornutus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077FE63AACFC8CFA33" baseAuthorityName="Guibé" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[643,856,1413,1437]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucomaculatus">G. leucomaculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077E033AACFC02FA33" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2002" box="[870,982,1414,1437]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moseri">G. moseri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077E813AACFBA5FA33" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[996,1137,1413,1437]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="redimitus">G. redimitus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B3707791A3AACFB3CFA33" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[1151,1256,1413,1437]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schilfi">G. schilfi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B370779933AACFAA2FA33" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[1270,1398,1413,1437]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tschenki">G. tschenki</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B370778E13AACFF2AFA6F" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2001" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tandroka">G. tandroka</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077C693A80FEA9FA6F" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[268,381,1449,1473]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plicifer">G. plicifer</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077CE83A80FE2EFA6F" baseAuthorityName="Vences, Andreone, Glaw and Randrianirina" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[397,506,1450,1473]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zavona">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077CE83A80FE2EFA6F" box="[397,506,1450,1473]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. zavona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). In many of these species, notes can also be more irregularly arranged in short series, but calls do not consist of a regular number of 7–10 short and rapidly repeated notes as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B370779A93AE4FAE9FA4B" authority="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences, 2017" authorityName="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="2017" box="[1228,1341,1485,1509]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tohatra" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B370779A93AE4FAE9FA4B" box="[1228,1341,1485,1509]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. tohatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CC718FF8B370778263AE7FA48FA48" box="[1347,1436,1485,1510]" pageId="3" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B370778263AE7FA48FA48" bold="true" box="[1347,1436,1485,1510]" pageId="3">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
This characteristic is particularly helpful in its distinction from the sympatrically occurring and morphologically similar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077D89393CFE84F983" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[236,336,1557,1581]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schilfi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077D89393CFE84F983" box="[236,336,1557,1581]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. schilfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which emits a single, densely pulsed note.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077E21393FFB57F983" baseAuthorityName="Ahl" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[836,1155,1557,1581]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sculpturatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077E21393FFB57F983" box="[836,1155,1557,1581]" italics="true" pageId="3">Gephyromantis sculpturatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B370779DE393CFACAF983" baseAuthorityName="Methuen and Hewitt" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[1211,1310,1557,1581]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luteus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B370779DE393CFACAF983" box="[1211,1310,1557,1581]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. luteus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
emit a fast series of squeaking, unpulsed notes that are very distinct from the call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077EBF3910FB99F9FF" authorityName="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="2017" box="[986,1101,1593,1617]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tohatra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077EBF3910FB99F9FF" box="[986,1101,1593,1617]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. tohatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The only other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B3707786E3913FA48F9FF" box="[1291,1436,1593,1617]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Duboimantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B3707786E3913FA48F9FF" box="[1291,1436,1593,1617]" italics="true" pageId="3">Duboimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a surprisingly similar call structure to the new species is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077E3C3974FC6AF9DB" box="[857,958,1629,1653]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="salegy">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077E3C3974FC6AF9DB" box="[857,958,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. salegy</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which however differs by a substantially larger body size of
|
||
<quantity id="4CC30B94FF8B37077C1539ABFE3EF937" box="[368,490,1665,1690]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.65" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="46.5" valueMax="48.0" valueMin="45.0">45–48 mm</quantity>
|
||
in adult males and by a larger number of granules in femoral glands (36–38 vs. 10– 21).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8B37077DA239E0FD9CF8E0" blockId="3.[151,1437,258,2014]" pageId="3">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077DA239E0FEE8F94F" authority="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences, 2017" authorityName="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="2017" box="[199,316,1737,1761]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tohatra" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077DA239E0FEE8F94F" box="[199,316,1737,1761]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. tohatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CC718FF8B37077C2B39E3FE7BF94C" box="[334,431,1737,1762]" pageId="3" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077C2B39E3FE7BF94C" bold="true" box="[334,431,1737,1762]" pageId="3">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from its probable sister species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077EF939E0FBD2F94F" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[924,1030,1737,1761]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schilfi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077EF939E0FBD2F94F" box="[924,1030,1737,1761]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. schilfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1300BAF4FF8B3707797839E3FBB1F94C" box="[1053,1125,1737,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1762,1784]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,730,1735]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,728,1735]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Maximum Likelihood tree based on 1106 bp of the mitochondrial 12 S and 16 S rRNA genes, showing relationships of G. tohatra sp. nov. to three other related Gephyromantis species and one candidate species from northern Madagascar. Support at nodes are ML likelihood bootstrap values, BI posterior probabilities, and MP bootstrap values. Gephyromantis granulatus was used as the outgroup. Inset map shows the four localities from which these species are known (with jitter to reveal overlapping species). Inset photos show representative individuals of the four target species, size of the pictures roughly proportional to body size differences among the species." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048681/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) by a substantial genetic differentiation of 4.3% uncorrected pairwise distance (p-distance) in the
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077EBD39C7FBD6F8AB" box="[984,1026,1773,1797]" italics="true" pageId="3">16S</emphasis>
|
||
gene, and from all other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077DF2383BFEFCF887" box="[151,296,1809,1833]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Duboimantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077DF2383BFEFCF887" box="[151,296,1809,1833]" italics="true" pageId="3">Duboimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077C00383BFE5BF887" box="[357,399,1809,1833]" italics="true" pageId="3">16S</emphasis>
|
||
p-distance>6%. The bioacoustically similar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8B37077EE93838FC3BF887" box="[908,1007,1809,1833]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="salegy">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077EE93838FC3BF887" box="[908,1007,1809,1833]" italics="true" pageId="3">G. salegy</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs by 6.8%
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B370779CB383BFB0CF887" box="[1198,1240,1809,1833]" italics="true" pageId="3">16S</emphasis>
|
||
p-distance and is not the sister taxon of the new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321F5FAFF8B37017DA23873FAF4FEEE" lastPageId="5" pageId="3" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8B37007DA23873FC87FD5E" blockId="3.[151,1437,258,2014]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,752]" lastPageId="4" pageId="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8B37077DA23873FE13F8DC" bold="true" box="[199,455,1881,1906]" pageId="3">
|
||
<typeStatus id="548018D3FF8B37077DA23873FEE0F8DC" box="[199,308,1881,1906]" pageId="3" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
description.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A specimen in a good state of preservation, the right thigh muscle taken for
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2A3EB4FF8B3707787C3870FA82F8DC" box="[1305,1366,1882,1906]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="3">DNA</collectionCode>
|
||
tissue samples. SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CC30B94FF8B37077C5E3854FE75F83B" box="[315,417,1918,1942]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.27" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="32.7">32.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
. For other measurements see below. Body gracile; head longer than wide, wider than body; snout pointed in dorsal and lateral view; nostrils directed laterally, protruding slightly, much nearer to tip of snout than to eye; canthus rostralis distinct, straight; loreal region concave and weakly oblique; tympanum indistinct, oval, its horizontal diameter 42% of eye diameter; supratympanic fold distinct, straight, following the line of the eyelid to above the insertion of the arm; tongue fairly narrow, posteriorly bifid; vomerine teeth clearly distinct, arranged in two small aggregations on either side of the midline of the palate at the level of the anterior edge of the eye, posteromedial to choanae; choanae small and rounded and laterally displaced. Dark, translucent dermal fold below each jaw starting at the level of the mid-eye. Arms slender, subarticular tubercles single, highly distinct; outer metacarpal tubercle small and indistinct and inner metacarpal tubercle relatively well developed; fingers without webbing; relative length of fingers 1 <2 <4 <3, second finger much shorter than fourth; finger discs distinctly enlarged, round, nuptial pads absent. Hindlimbs slender; lateral metatarsals slightly separated distally with webbing; inner metatarsal tubercle distinct, anteriorly oriented, outer metatarsal tubercle absent; webbing formula of foot according to the scheme of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAADB80FF8C37007FFC3EF6FC0CFE5A" author="Blommers-Schlosser" box="[665,984,476,501]" pageId="4" refString="Blommers-Schlosser, R. M. A. (1979) Biosystematics of the Malagasy frogs. I. Mantellinae (Ranidae). Beaufortia, 352, 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1979">Blommers-Schlösser (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
1(1),
|
||
<date id="FF8580B1FF8C370079463EF6FBEDFE5B" box="[1059,1081,476,501]" pageId="4">2i</date>
|
||
(1.75), 2e(1),
|
||
<date id="FF8580B1FF8C370079BF3EF6FB3BFE5B" box="[1242,1263,476,501]" pageId="4">3i</date>
|
||
(2.25), 3e(1.5),
|
||
<date id="FF8580B1FF8C37007DF23ED5FF7AFDB6" box="[151,174,511,536]" pageId="4">4i</date>
|
||
(2.5), 4e(2.5), 5(1.25); relative toe length 1 <2 <3 <5 <4, third toe much shorter than fifth; toe discs distinctly enlarged. Skin dorsally smooth, with reticulated fine ridges, and two sets of distinct dorsolateral ridges on the dorsum, one pair from the posterior eye running medially to over the suprascapular region, the other pair running dorsolaterally from the suprascapular region to the hip; no ridges or bumps are present on the dorsal head; diminutive supraocular spines present; a diminutive dermal flap is present on the heel; ventral skin smooth on chin and limbs, but highly granular on the abdomen. Femoral glands
|
||
<typeStatus id="548018D3FF8C37007EE33D9FFC62FD63" box="[902,950,693,717]" pageId="4">type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 sensu Glaw
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8C370079023D9FFB77FD62" box="[1127,1187,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="4">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2000), consisting of roughly 16 granules on the right thigh and 21 on the left thigh.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF44F6F9FF8C37007DF23A43FD5EFA30" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048683/files/figure.png" pageId="4" targetBox="[152,1435,806,1363]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8C37007DF23A43FD5EFA30" blockId="4.[151,1436,1385,1438]" pageId="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8C37007DF23A43FED9FAD0" bold="true" box="[151,269,1385,1407]" pageId="4">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||
. Preserved holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8C37007F653A40FDB3FAD1" authority="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences, 2017" authorityName="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="2017" box="[512,615,1385,1407]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tohatra" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8C37007F653A40FDB3FAD1" box="[512,615,1385,1407]" italics="true" pageId="4">G. tohatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CC718FF8C37007F0B3A43FD6BFAD0" box="[622,703,1385,1406]" pageId="4" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8C37007F0B3A43FD6BFAD0" bold="true" box="[622,703,1385,1406]" pageId="4">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(ZSM 422/2016, field number ZCMV 15245, SVL 32.7 mm), in dorsal and ventral view. Scale bar corresponds to 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8C37007DA23AECFBFCF9AC" blockId="4.[151,1437,1477,2006]" pageId="4">
|
||
Measurements, all in mm: SVL, 32.7; HW, 9.5; HL, 12.0; TD, 1.9; ED, 4.5; END, 3.3; NSD, 2.7; NND, 3.8; UAL, 6.7; LAL, 8.0;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2A3EB4FF8C37007CE33AC0FE16F9AC" box="[390,450,1514,1538]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15866" name="Martin-Luther-Universit<69>t" pageId="4">HAL</collectionCode>
|
||
, 11.0;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2A3EB4FF8C37007F683AC0FD84F9AF" box="[525,592,1514,1537]" pageId="4">THIL</collectionCode>
|
||
, 17.7;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2A3EB4FF8C37007FFF3AC0FD0FF9AF" box="[666,731,1514,1537]" pageId="4">TIBL</collectionCode>
|
||
, 19.4;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2A3EB4FF8C37007E433AC0FCA4F9AC" box="[806,880,1514,1538]" pageId="4">TARL</collectionCode>
|
||
, 9.5; FOL, 18.2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8C37017DA23924FD92FF7B" blockId="4.[151,1437,1477,2006]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,320]" lastPageId="5" pageId="4">
|
||
In life (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1300BAF4FF8C37007C7A3927FE5DF988" box="[287,393,1549,1574]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,373,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,373,1790]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Adult male specimens of Gephyromantis tohatra sp. nov. and syntopic G. schilfi from Marojejy National Park in life, in dorsolateral and ventral views. (a, b) Holotype of G. tohatra (ZSM 422 / 2016, field number ZCMV 15245, SVL 32.7 mm); (c, d) paratype of G. tohatra (UADBA uncatologued, field number ZCMV 15236, SVL unknown). (e, f) call voucher of G. schilfi (ZSM 415 / 2016, field number ZCMV 15246, SVL 29.8 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048685/files/figure.png" pageId="4">Fig. 3a,b</figureCitation>
|
||
), the dorsum was a medium brown with the external dorsolateral ridges distinctly tan, the internal ridges less distinct but also light in colour. The dorsal surface of head was not distinct from the dorsum, with a slightly darker brown band between the eyes. The flank fades to a more grey-brown ventrally. The dorsal surfaces of hindlimbs were as the flank in colour, with three dark brown crossbands on the thigh, three on the shank, and no crossbands on the foot. The dorsal surface of forelimb was similar to the lower leg in colour. No light annulus was present before the tip of each toe or finger. The lateral head was distinctly differentiated from the dorsal head, being almost black along the canthus rostralis, from the nostril to the tip of the snout, over the dorsal portion of the tympanic region beneath the supratympanic fold, and beneath the eye. An immaculate white spot was present anterior to the eye, with a more faded spot posterior to the eye over part of the tympanum. The iris was whitish above, and dark brown below the pupil. The lower lip was yellowish. Ventrally, the hands, forearms, tarsus and feet were all burnt umber in colour, with pale yellowish subarticular tubercles on the fingers, the subarticular tubercles of the toes being more orange in colour. The ventral chin and throat were burnt umber, especially on the jaw, making a distinct line anterior to the pectoral girdle, posterior to which the abdomen was orange with a few dark brown flecks anteriorly. The ventral thighs were also orange. The femoral glands were a creamy orange. The ventral humerus was semi-translucent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8D37017DA23FF5FAF4FEEE" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,320]" pageId="5">After six months in preservative, the coloration has faded. Dorsally, areas that were brown have become grey to silver, with light grey dorsolateral ridges. The head colouration is mostly retained. The ventral colouration has lost its orange hue, and is now a yellow-cream. All elements of the colour pattern are however retained.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF44F6F9FF8D37017DF23839FC99F82B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048685/files/figure.png" pageId="5" targetBox="[154,1436,373,1789]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8D37017DF23839FC99F82B" blockId="5.[151,1437,1811,1925]" pageId="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8D37017DF23839FED9F886" bold="true" box="[151,269,1811,1833]" pageId="5">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
||
. Adult male specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8D37017F443839FCDAF887" authority="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences, 2017" authorityName="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="2017" box="[545,782,1811,1833]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tohatra" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8D37017F443839FCDAF887" box="[545,782,1811,1833]" italics="true" pageId="5">Gephyromantis tohatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CC718FF8D37017E70383EFCB2F887" box="[789,870,1812,1833]" pageId="5" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8D37017E70383EFCB2F887" bold="true" box="[789,870,1812,1833]" pageId="5">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and syntopic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8D37017E93383EFB85F887" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[1014,1105,1811,1833]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schilfi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8D37017E93383EFB85F887" box="[1014,1105,1811,1833]" italics="true" pageId="5">G. schilfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Marojejy National Park in life, in dorsolateral and ventral views. (a,b) Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8D37017F833819FC9BF8E6" authorityName="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="2017" box="[742,847,1842,1864]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tohatra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8D37017F833819FC9BF8E6" box="[742,847,1842,1864]" italics="true" pageId="5">G. tohatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ZSM 422/2016, field number ZCMV 15245, SVL 32.7 mm); (c,d) paratype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8D37017CE73878FE3CF8C9" authorityName="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="2017" box="[386,488,1873,1895]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tohatra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8D37017CE73878FE3CF8C9" box="[386,488,1873,1895]" italics="true" pageId="5">G. tohatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UADBA uncatologued, field number ZCMV 15236, SVL unknown). (e,f) call voucher of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8D370178E33878FF01F82B" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2000" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schilfi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8D370178E33878FF01F82B" italics="true" pageId="5">G. schilfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ZSM 415/2016, field number ZCMV 15246, SVL 29.8 mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321F5FAFF8D37027DA23886FE95FEB3" lastPageId="6" pageId="5" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8D37027DA23886FE95FEB3" blockId="5.[151,1436,1964,2026]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,608]" lastPageId="6" pageId="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8D37017DA23886FEEBF86B" bold="true" box="[199,319,1964,1989]" pageId="5">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="548018D3FF8D37017C123884FE0CF868" box="[375,472,1966,1990]" pageId="5" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
was not available for measurements but was of similar size as assessed in the field. Its colour in life (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1300BAF4FF8D37017C5C38FBFE4AF844" box="[313,414,2001,2026]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,373,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,373,1790]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Adult male specimens of Gephyromantis tohatra sp. nov. and syntopic G. schilfi from Marojejy National Park in life, in dorsolateral and ventral views. (a, b) Holotype of G. tohatra (ZSM 422 / 2016, field number ZCMV 15245, SVL 32.7 mm); (c, d) paratype of G. tohatra (UADBA uncatologued, field number ZCMV 15236, SVL unknown). (e, f) call voucher of G. schilfi (ZSM 415 / 2016, field number ZCMV 15246, SVL 29.8 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048685/files/figure.png" pageId="5">Fig. 3c,d</figureCitation>
|
||
) was generally similar to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548018D3FF8D37017F8A38FBFC80F844" box="[751,852,2001,2026]" pageId="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, but it lacked the bright whitish marking anterior to the eye, had only one dark brown marking below the eye (two in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548018D3FF8E37027EF83FBDFBD7FF1E" box="[925,1027,151,176]" pageId="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
), had slightly broader crossbands on the legs, and its outer dorsolateral ridges were less distinctly coloured than those of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548018D3FF8E3702791C3F96FB0BFF7B" box="[1145,1247,188,213]" pageId="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Ventrally it was also similar to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548018D3FF8E37027C123FF5FE0DFF56" box="[375,473,223,248]" pageId="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
but its abdomen was more yellowish, with yellow-cream patches posterior to the pectoral girdle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321F5FAFF8E37027DA23E0DFDF6FDCE" pageId="6" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8E37027DA23E0DFF3BFE03" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8E37027DA23E0DFE9AFEEE" bold="true" box="[199,334,295,320]" pageId="6">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name is a noun in apposition, derived from the Malagasy word ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8E370279B53E0DFAFEFEEE" authorityName="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="2017" box="[1232,1322,295,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tohatra">tohatra</taxonomicName>
|
||
,’ meaning ‘stairs,’ in reference to the difficulty of hiking up Marojejy on very steep trails with stair-like stretches between Camp Marojejia and Camp Simpona, and especially from Camp Simpona to the summit, necessary to discover this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8E37027DA23E9DFDF6FDCE" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8E37027DA23E9DFE5CFE7E" bold="true" box="[199,392,439,464]" pageId="6">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
Calling males were heard at night at a site between Camp 3 (= Camp Simpona) and the summit of the Marojejy Massif, within montane rainforest of rather low canopy height and in an area of very steep slopes. Most specimens were calling in a dry headwater area of a small stream, in between very dense bushy undergrowth, at perch heights of
|
||
<quantity id="4CC30B94FF8E37027F6E3D0EFDB3FD92" box="[523,615,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="6" unit="m" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1 m</quantity>
|
||
above the ground from leaves and branches. In some areas the call could be heard from far outside the fores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF44F6F9FF8E37027DF2394AFF20F95F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048687/files/figure.png" pageId="6" targetBox="[151,1436,661,1611]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8E37027DF2394AFF20F95F" blockId="6.[151,1436,1632,1777]" pageId="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8E37027DF2394AFEDAF9DB" bold="true" box="[151,270,1632,1654]" pageId="6">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
|
||
. Audiospectrogram (above) and oscillogram (below) of a call of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8E37027931394AFA96F9D8" authority="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences, 2017" authorityName="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="2017" box="[1108,1346,1632,1654]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tohatra" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8E37027931394AFA96F9D8" box="[1108,1346,1632,1654]" italics="true" pageId="6">Gephyromantis tohatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CC718FF8E3702782F394AFA4FF9DB" box="[1354,1435,1632,1653]" pageId="6" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8E3702782F394AFA4FF9DB" bold="true" box="[1354,1435,1632,1653]" pageId="6">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(ZSM 422/2016), recorded on 19 November 2016 on the Marojejy Massif in the North East of Madagascar. This call is here interpreted as consisting of eight notes, each with a distinct pulsed structure, and the last note containing more pulses than the preceding notes. Calls were filtered with a high pass filter to remove frequencies below 400 Hz in order to reduce wind artefacts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C321F5FAFF8E370C7DA23832FE36FC96" lastPageId="8" pageId="6" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8E37037DA23832FEF9FDCE" blockId="6.[151,1437,1816,2021]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,608]" lastPageId="7" pageId="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8E37027DA23832FE6FF89F" bold="true" box="[199,443,1816,1841]" pageId="6">Advertisement calls.</emphasis>
|
||
Call recordings were made in an area where several (>5) males were calling relatively close to one another, and were obtained from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548018D3FF8E37027FD93816FCCAF8FB" box="[700,798,1852,1877]" pageId="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548018D3FF8E37027E193817FC34F8FB" box="[892,992,1853,1877]" pageId="6" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
. The calls are considered advertisement calls because they were loud, stereotyped calls emitted by males without any sign of conflict with conspecifics. Calls consist of 7–10 pulsed notes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1300BAF4FF8E37027F2738AEFD58F833" box="[578,652,1924,1949]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,661,1611]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,661,1611]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Audiospectrogram (above) and oscillogram (below) of a call of the holotype of Gephyromantis tohatra sp. nov. (ZSM 422 / 2016), recorded on 19 November 2016 on the Marojejy Massif in the North East of Madagascar. This call is here interpreted as consisting of eight notes, each with a distinct pulsed structure, and the last note containing more pulses than the preceding notes. Calls were filtered with a high pass filter to remove frequencies below 400 Hz in order to reduce wind artefacts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048687/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Calls are separated by long and rather irregular intervals. In the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548018D3FF8E37027DF23882FF28F86F" box="[151,252,1960,1985]" pageId="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, call duration was 547–640 ms (594 ± 38 ms; n = 9), inter–call interval
|
||
<date id="FF8580B1FF8E370279443882FB4BF86F" box="[1057,1183,1960,1985]" pageId="6" value="1258" valueMax="2306">1258–2306</date>
|
||
ms (1622 ± 398 ms; n = 8), dominant frequency 3014–3273 Hz, and approximate prevalent band width 2000–5000 Hz. Each note had three to four recognizable pulses, with the last note of the call having more pulses (about 8). Characteristics of notes were measured in two calls. Pulses were not separated by distinct silent intervals. Intensity of each note was highest in the first pulse of each note. Note and interval duration are only tentatively presented, as there remains a weak background sound energy during these periods. Call 1: Note duration 34–78 ms (53 ± 14 ms, n = 7), internote interval duration 19–40 ms (30 ± 8 ms, n = 6), pulses per note 3–8 (4 ± 2, n = 7). Call 2: Note duration 45–77 ms (57 ± 11 ms, n = 7), inter-note interval duration 7–36 ms (26 ± 12 ms, n = 6), pulses per note 3–9 (4 ± 2, n = 8). Calls of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548018D3FF8F37037C473E5AFE57FE26" box="[290,387,368,392]" pageId="7" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
were similar in most parameters but differed in that the pulses in notes were neither distinct nor clearly distinguishable; clear silent intervals between notes were not present, possibly due to background noise, and a weak frequency modulation was apparent in each note. Call duration was 502–798 ms (698 ± 117 ms, n = 5), inter-call interval duration
|
||
<date id="FF8580B1FF8F37037CAD3EF6FD91FE5B" box="[456,581,476,501]" pageId="7" value="1458" valueMax="1461">1458–1461</date>
|
||
(n = 2), notes per call 7–10 (9 ± 1 ms, n = 5), dominant frequency of first three notes in a call
|
||
<date id="FF8580B1FF8F37037C1B3ED5FE2FFDB6" box="[382,507,511,536]" pageId="7" value="2454" valueMax="2713">2454–2713</date>
|
||
Hz (2637 ± 124 Hz, n = 4), dominant frequency of last 2–3 notes in a call 3014– 3229 Hz (3122 ± 124 Hz, n = 4), time between start of one note and subsequent note 73–86 ms (82 ± 4, n = 17 notes from 2 calls).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF44F6F9FF8F37037DF2394AFB84F91D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048689/files/figure.png" pageId="7" targetBox="[151,1436,661,1611]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8F37037DF2394AFB84F91D" blockId="7.[151,1436,1632,1715]" pageId="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8F37037DF2394AFED9F9DB" bold="true" box="[151,269,1632,1654]" pageId="7">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
|
||
. Audiospectrogram (above) and oscillogram (below) of a call of a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8F37037950394BFB5BF9D8" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[1077,1167,1632,1654]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schilfi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8F37037950394BFB5BF9D8" box="[1077,1167,1632,1654]" italics="true" pageId="7">G. schilfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ZSM 415/2016 = ZCMV 15246), recorded on 19 November 2016 in proximity of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8F37037F9239AAFC8AF93B" authorityName="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="2017" box="[759,862,1663,1685]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tohatra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8F37037F9239AAFC8AF93B" box="[759,862,1663,1685]" italics="true" pageId="7">G. tohatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
type locality on the Marojejy Massif. Calls were filtered with a high pass filter to remove frequencies below 1000 Hz in order to reduce wind artefacts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF8F370C7DA239F1FBBDFE91" blockId="7.[151,1436,1754,2032]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,824]" lastPageId="8" pageId="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8F37037DA239F1FD7AF95D" bold="true" box="[199,686,1754,1780]" pageId="7">
|
||
Comparative data for syntopic
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8F37037F2539F0FD7AF95D" bold="true" box="[576,686,1754,1779]" italics="true" pageId="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8F37037F2539F0FD7EF95D" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[576,682,1754,1779]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schilfi">G. schilfi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A few individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8F37037ECC39F1FBD8F95D" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[937,1036,1755,1779]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schilfi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8F37037ECC39F1FBD8F95D" box="[937,1036,1755,1779]" italics="true" pageId="7">G. schilfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were heard emitting advertisement calls very close to the site in which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8F37037F49382AFD4BF8B9" authority="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences, 2017" authorityName="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="2017" box="[556,671,1791,1815]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tohatra" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8F37037F49382AFD4BF8B9" box="[556,671,1791,1815]" italics="true" pageId="7">G. tohatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CC718FF8F37037FC339D5FCD4F8B6" box="[678,768,1791,1816]" pageId="7" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8F37037FC339D5FCD4F8B6" bold="true" box="[678,768,1791,1816]" pageId="7">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
individuals were heard and collected, on the same day and ca. 15 minutes after collecting
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF8F37037C9A3809FDA4F895" authority="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences, 2017" authorityName="Scherz & Razafindraibe & Rakotoarison & Dixit & Bletz & Glaw & Vences" authorityYear="2017" box="[511,624,1827,1851]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tohatra" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8F37037C9A3809FDA4F895" box="[511,624,1827,1851]" italics="true" pageId="7">G. tohatra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27CC718FF8F37037F183809FD0EF892" box="[637,730,1827,1852]" pageId="7" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF8F37037F183809FD0EF892" bold="true" box="[637,730,1827,1852]" pageId="7">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
One adult calling male was recorded and collected (voucher ZSM 415/2016, field number ZCMV 15246) from dense vegetation at a perch height of ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CC30B94FF8F370379C5386DFB1FF8F1" box="[1184,1227,1863,1887]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
above the ground, in a rainforest area on a steep mountain slope. Measurements: SVL, 29.8; HW, 9.5; HL, 11.6; TD, 1.9; ED, 4.6; END, 2.9; NSD, 2.5; NND, 2.6; UAL, 4.8; LAL, 7.5; HAL, 9.3; THIL, 15.6; TIBL, 18.3; TARL, 9.2; FOL, 16.5. As previously described (Glaw & Vences 2000), the call is a single pulsed note emitted after long and rather irregular silent intervals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1300BAF4FF8F37037CD038FDFE2FF85E" box="[437,507,2007,2032]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,661,1611]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,661,1611]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Audiospectrogram (above) and oscillogram (below) of a call of a specimen of G. schilfi (ZSM 415 / 2016 = ZCMV 15246), recorded on 19 November 2016 in proximity of the G. tohatra type locality on the Marojejy Massif. Calls were filtered with a high pass filter to remove frequencies below 1000 Hz in order to reduce wind artefacts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1048689/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Call duration is 483–538 ms (518 ± 25 ms; n = 4), inter-call interval duration is 2917–5121 ms (3672 ± 1255 ms, n = 3), one note consists of ca. 73–89 pulses (80 ± 7; n = 5). Pulses were not clearly separated by silent intervals and in some cases not unambiguously distinguishable from each other. The intervals between pulse intensity maxima were somewhat irregular, becoming longer towards the end of the call, with a duration of about 5 ms at the beginning of the call and 7–12 ms at the end of the call. Dominant frequency was 3402–3445 Hz and approximate prevalent bandwidth was between 2000–4000 Hz.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B84A671FF80370C7DA23E66FE36FC96" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7DA23E66FD33FECB" bold="true" box="[199,743,331,357]" pageId="8">
|
||
Range extension for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF80370C7CDF3E61FDCBFECA" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[442,543,331,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schilfi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7CDF3E61FDCBFECA" bold="true" box="[442,543,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="8">G. schilfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF80370C7F3F3E61FD0BFECA" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[602,735,331,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tandroka">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7F3F3E61FD0BFECA" bold="true" box="[602,735,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="8">G. tandroka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The goal of this study is not a comprehensive reassessment of the phylogeny within the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF80370C7F493E5AFD68FE26" box="[556,700,368,392]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Duboimantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7F493E5AFD68FE26" box="[556,700,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="8">Duboimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and molecular analyses were thus limited to a subset of taxa. In exploratory analyses, the new species clustered with
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7F813EBEFC6BFE02" box="[740,959,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF80370C7F813EBEFC9FFE02" box="[740,843,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="salegy">G. salegy</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF80370C7E303EBEFC6FFE02" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[853,955,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schilfi">G. schilfi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7E903EBEFBAAFE02" box="[1013,1150,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF80370C7E903EBEFBAEFE02" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[1013,1146,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tandroka">G. tandroka</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
three species that formed a highly supported subclade of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF80370C7F673E92FD46FE7E" box="[514,658,440,464]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Duboimantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7F673E92FD46FE7E" box="[514,658,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="8">Duboimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the analyses of Wollenberg
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7E9E3E93FBE2FE7E" box="[1019,1078,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAADB80FF80370C79A13E9DFF31FE5A" pageId="8" refString="Kaffenberger, N., Wollenberg, K. C., Kohler, J., Glaw, F., Vieites, D. R. & Vences, M. (2012) Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of Malagasy frogs of the genus Gephyromantis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 62, 555 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2011.09.023" type="journal article">
|
||
Kaffenberger
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C78043E93FA48FE7E" box="[1377,1436,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. For our analysis we thus expanded the sampling for these three species with additional individuals. We found molecular evidence for new populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF80370C7FA33D2AFCFDFDB6" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[710,809,512,536]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schilfi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7FA33D2AFCFDFDB6" box="[710,809,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="8">G. schilfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF80370C7E053D2AFC36FDB6" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[864,994,512,536]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tandroka">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7E053D2AFC36FDB6" box="[864,994,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="8">G. tandroka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both of which were so far known only from Marojejy. Both these species were now also found on the Sorata Massif north of Marojejy, and had different degrees of genetic differentiation. While the populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF80370C7E273D62FC77FDCE" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[834,931,584,608]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schilfi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7E273D62FC77FDCE" box="[834,931,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="8">G. schilfi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Sorata vs. Marojejy) differed by only 0.6– 0.8% uncorrected
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7C093D46FE42FD2A" box="[364,406,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="8">16S</emphasis>
|
||
p-distance, those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF80370C7FF53D46FCC0FD2A" baseAuthorityName="Glaw and Vences" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[656,788,620,644]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tandroka">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7FF53D46FCC0FD2A" box="[656,788,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="8">G. tandroka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had a higher divergence of 5.4% which suggests their taxonomic status requires revision and we therefore here flag the Sorata population as new Unconfirmed Candidate Species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF80370C7C643D9EFE78FD62" authorityName="Methuen" authorityYear="1920" box="[257,428,692,716]" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7C643D9EFE78FD62" box="[257,428,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="8">Gephyromantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. Ca32, rationalised following
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAADB80FF80370C7E253D9EFBE0FD62" box="[832,1076,692,717]" pageId="8" refString="Vieites, D. R., Wollenberg, K. C., Andreone, F., Kohler, J., Glaw, F. & Vences, M. (2009) Vast underestimation of Madagascar's biodiversity evidenced by an integrative amphibian inventory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 106, 8267 - 8272. https: // doi. org / 10.1073 / pnas. 0810821106" type="journal article">
|
||
Vieites
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7EFE3D9FFC06FD62" box="[923,978,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Another candidate species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BDDF2FF80370C7DF23DF2FEFCFD5E" box="[151,296,728,752]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Duboimantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7DF23DF2FEFCFD5E" box="[151,296,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="8">Duboimantis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7C5F3DF2FE87FD41" box="[314,339,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="8">G.</emphasis>
|
||
sp. Ca30 from the Bealanana district of northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32CE6E1FF80370C7EF63DFDFBC8FD5E" box="[915,1052,727,752]" name="Madagascar" pageId="8">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
) that was also recently identified (Scherz
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7D913DD7FEF8FCBA" box="[244,300,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
in press) was not included in our analysis here, but we have confirmed that it is not conspecific with
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F7A63FF80370C7DF23C0AFF7BFC99" box="[151,175,800,823]" italics="true" pageId="8">G.</emphasis>
|
||
sp. Ca32 (data not shown).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |