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<document id="E001C4E855EC6CF3F531F519DD04E9FD" ID-CLB-Dataset="8640" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4909.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fa031765-b474-48aa-9d7e-b62dd092cfa4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4448697" ID-ZooBank="92ECCF97-7315-4A1A-A94A-537D0F331EBF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1611041096358" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Skartveit, John &amp; Wedmann, Sonja" docDate="2021" docId="035E87B2FFA8FF87FF023022FCE6D2C3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4909.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4909 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Plecia gracilenta Stat. Reinst." docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="FF67FFCAFFB0FF9EFF953571FFBBD142" masterDocTitle="A Revision of fossil Bibionidae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Oligocene of Germany" masterLastPageNumber="77" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1698924763774" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B8C88E57C1643DCDA9D0E72C9EE573CF">
<mods:title id="D359B619B04B7451AAEA28AE8E6DFB59">A Revision of fossil Bibionidae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Oligocene of Germany</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="B291B5FE981E922916707B6FC2E717B9" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8D2508FD3F64ACC5F643F377EB917112">Skartveit, John</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DF0C47C258A846A66BB199A9FFBA6CA2" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7614-3399</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="DF59B32A6CF0DA12DF4EA3DACBDFA17D">Wedmann, Sonja</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9EBBDA9B1F88A3961532BB0112A7FDE7" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9778-4125</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="09CE3BE2A994AC1CA59BC82142E0783E" type="email">edmann@senckenberg.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:titleInfo id="C3852D1EBF818487EA8312E921E20D1E">
<mods:title id="26AB4AC59554543852467829CEE13BDA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="B56FBB95F2F0D0CB062233C2120962E5">
<mods:date id="FD450E94F4E2DFDE8A67A2B658C5D35E">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7F8C6A3D2CCDA5071BB71B2E6D4350B7">2021-01-19</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="0927C5A8E00C22D2EEB1125618CEED41" type="volume">
<mods:number id="A80C7821D131AD424900BFF68591CCC7">4909</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="83238B6BC1876EDC6540AF8E0D5C7E15">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="7EF95D090590B43FD12A58597AB20DAE">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="6CF3E3E476456960C71C8C49C6E6BADD" type="CLB-Dataset">8640</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8DB1BF086F5A21354AB00CF327C9B1B0" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4909.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="035E87B2FFA8FF87FF023022FCE6D2C3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4472317" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177132523" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4472317" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:035E87B2FFA8FF87FF023022FCE6D2C3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/035E87B2FFA8FF87FF023022FCE6D2C3" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<subSubSection id="C3ED652FFFA8FF86FF023022FC40D42C" box="[151,1019,1363,1390]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA8FF86FF023022FC40D42C" blockId="24.[151,1019,1363,1390]" box="[151,1019,1363,1390]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="D00081C8FFA8FF86FF023022FC40D42C" bold="true" box="[151,1019,1363,1390]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA8FF86FF023022FC40D42C" bold="true" box="[151,1019,1363,1390]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA8FF86FF023022FCF4D42C" ID-CoL="8DFFC" authority="(Heyden &amp; Heyden, 1865) Stat. Reinst." authorityName="Stat. Reinst." baseAuthorityName="Heyden &amp; Heyden" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[151,847,1363,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilenta">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA8FF86FF023022FED8D42C" bold="true" box="[151,355,1363,1390]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Plecia gracilenta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA8FF86FEE03025FD1CD42C" author="Heyden, C. H. G. von &amp; Heyden, L. F. J. D. von" box="[373,679,1364,1390]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="19 - 30" refId="ref50399" refString="Heyden, C. H. G. von &amp; Heyden, L. F. J. D. von (1865) Bibioniden aus der rheinischen Braunkohle von Rott. Palaeontographica, 14, 19 - 30." type="journal article" year="1865">Heyden &amp; Heyden, 1865</bibRefCitation>
) Stat. Reinst.
</taxonomicName>
(figs. 31, 119)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3ED652FFFA8FF86FF0230E8FCE6D717" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA8FF86FF0230E8FD21D4F3" blockId="24.[151,815,1432,1551]" box="[151,666,1432,1457]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="ABE7118AFFA8FF86FF0230E8FD21D4F3" box="[151,666,1432,1457]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="0A5610B5FFA8FF86FF0230E8FD21D4F3" author="Heyden, C. H. G. von &amp; Heyden, L. F. J. D. von" box="[151,666,1432,1457]" page="28" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1865">
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA8FF86FF0230E8FD21D4F3" ID-CoL="8DHKZ" authority="Heyden &amp; Heyden, 1865: 28" authorityName="Heyden &amp; Heyden" authorityPageNumber="28" authorityYear="1865" box="[151,666,1432,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Protomyia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilenta">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA8FF86FF0230E8FECBD4F2" box="[151,368,1432,1456]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Protomyia gracilenta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA8FF86FEE330E9FD21D4F3" author="Heyden, C. H. G. von &amp; Heyden, L. F. J. D. von" box="[374,666,1432,1457]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="19 - 30" refId="ref50399" refString="Heyden, C. H. G. von &amp; Heyden, L. F. J. D. von (1865) Bibioniden aus der rheinischen Braunkohle von Rott. Palaeontographica, 14, 19 - 30." type="journal article" year="1865">Heyden &amp; Heyden, 1865: 28</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA8FF86FF0230C6FC94D48D" blockId="24.[151,815,1432,1551]" box="[151,815,1463,1487]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA8FF86FF0230C6FC90D48D" authority="(Heyden &amp; Heyden) Handlirsch 1907: 957" authorityName="Handlirsch" authorityPageNumber="957" authorityYear="1907" baseAuthorityName="Heyden &amp; Heyden" box="[151,811,1463,1487]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilenta">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA8FF86FF0230C6FECBD48D" box="[151,368,1463,1487]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Penthetria gracilenta</emphasis>
(Heyden &amp; Heyden) Handlirsch 1907: 957
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA8FF86FF0230A7FD0FD4AC" blockId="24.[151,815,1432,1551]" box="[151,692,1494,1518]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="ABE7118AFFA8FF86FF0230A7FD0FD4AC" box="[151,692,1494,1518]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="0A5610B5FFA8FF86FF0230A7FD0FD4AC" author="Statz, G." box="[151,692,1494,1518]" page="33" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1943">
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA8FF86FF0230A7FD0FD4AC" ID-CoL="8DFFC" authority="(Heyden &amp; Heyden) Statz 1943: 33" authorityName="Statz" authorityPageNumber="33" authorityYear="1943" baseAuthorityName="Heyden &amp; Heyden" box="[151,692,1494,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilenta">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA8FF86FF0230A7FEFDD4AC" box="[151,326,1494,1518]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Plecia gracilenta</emphasis>
(Heyden &amp; Heyden)
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA8FF86FDB730A7FD0FD4AC" author="Statz, G." box="[546,692,1494,1518]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref51587" refString="Statz, G. (1943) Neue Dipteren (Nematocera) aus dem Oberoligozan von Rott. I. Familie Bibionidae (Haarmucken). Palaeontographica, Series A, 95, 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1943">Statz 1943: 33</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA8FF86FF023085FE6BD74F" blockId="24.[151,815,1432,1551]" box="[151,464,1524,1551]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="ABE7118AFFA8FF86FF023085FE6BD74F" box="[151,464,1524,1551]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA8FF86FF023085FF63D74E" ID-CoL="9CJT2" box="[151,216,1524,1548]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA8FF86FF023085FF63D74E" box="[151,216,1524,1548]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Plecia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
♂ Nr. 9
<treatmentCitation id="0A5610B5FFA8FF86FEA43084FE77D74F" author="Statz, G." box="[305,460,1525,1549]" page="33" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1943">
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA8FF86FEA43084FE77D74F" author="Statz, G." box="[305,460,1525,1549]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref51587" refString="Statz, G. (1943) Neue Dipteren (Nematocera) aus dem Oberoligozan von Rott. I. Familie Bibionidae (Haarmucken). Palaeontographica, Series A, 95, 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1943">Statz, 1943: 33</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA8FF86FF02334BFCE6D717" blockId="24.[151,1437,1594,2017]" box="[151,861,1594,1621]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA8FF86FF02334BFEB1D716" bold="true" box="[151,266,1594,1620]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Localities</emphasis>
: Rott. Also in Aix-en-Provence and Chadrat,
<collectingCountry id="F3E07634FFA8FF86FC9C334AFCE2D717" box="[777,857,1595,1621]" name="France" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">France</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3ED652FFFA8FF86FF52332FFB08D7DF" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA8FF86FF52332FFC4AD73B" blockId="24.[151,1437,1594,2017]" box="[199,1009,1630,1658]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA8FF86FF52332FFE12D73A" bold="true" box="[199,425,1630,1656]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Material examined</emphasis>
:
<materialsCitation id="3B9F3CF9FFA8FF86FE2D332EFC4AD73B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026467322" box="[440,1009,1630,1658]" collectionCode="NHMUK" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="544C8806FFA8FF86FE2D332EFD9BD73B" box="[440,544,1631,1657]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(male)
<collectionCode id="EDE6AE61FFA8FF86FDED332EFD59D73B" box="[632,738,1631,1657]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
In 58805 (figs. 31, 119)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA8FF86FF5233F2FB08D7DF" blockId="24.[151,1437,1594,2017]" box="[199,1203,1666,1694]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Additional material (females, provisionally associated) STIPB A-549, Siegburg Rott-544.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3ED652FFFA8FF87FF5233D7FCE4D38F" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA8FF86FF5233D7FEE1D783" blockId="24.[151,1437,1594,2017]" box="[199,346,1702,1729]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA8FF86FF5233D7FEEAD782" bold="true" box="[199,337,1702,1728]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Description</emphasis>
:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA8FF86FF5233BAFD3AD7A7" blockId="24.[151,1437,1594,2017]" box="[199,641,1739,1765]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Female (provisionally associated, N=2)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA8FF86FF52339EFCD1D66F" blockId="24.[151,1437,1594,2017]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Total length
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA8FF86FEC3339FFE16D64B" box="[342,429,1774,1801]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="5.4">5.4 mm</quantity>
(N=1). The specimen are relatively poorly preserved, but one detached wing is well preserved. Colour is uniformly brown, probably not original colour.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA8FF86FF523246FF66D637" blockId="24.[151,1437,1594,2017]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Head: Length
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA8FF86FEFE3246FE68D613" box="[363,467,1847,1873]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.70 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA8FF86FDBC3246FD34D613" box="[553,655,1847,1873]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.70 mm</quantity>
(N=1). Antenna apparently a little conical, segments not possible to count.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA8FF86FF52320EFC2BD6DB" blockId="24.[151,1437,1594,2017]" box="[199,912,1919,1945]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Thorax: Length
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA8FF86FEE8320EFE6DD6DB" box="[381,470,1919,1945]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
. Poorly preserved. Haltere light brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA8FF87FF5232D2FEE9D1BB" blockId="24.[151,1437,1594,2017]" lastBlockId="25.[151,1436,151,897]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Wing: Length
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA8FF86FEFB32D2FE73D6FF" box="[366,456,1955,1981]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="4.8">4.8 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA8FF86FD8B32D2FDC3D6FF" box="[542,632,1955,1981]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
, length/width = 2.8. Light brown fumose, veins brown and distinctive throughout, relatively fine. Humeral vein present, subcosta distinctive only apically. Pterostigma invisible.
<collectingRegion id="4933F846FFA8FF86FAC932B6FA27D6A3" box="[1372,1436,1991,2017]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Costa</collectingRegion>
extends to one third the distance between apices of R
<subScript id="177334E1FFA9FF87FC9B35D8FC93D1F5" attach="left" box="[782,808,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">4+5</subScript>
and M
<subScript id="177334E1FFA9FF87FCEF35D8FC3CD1F5" attach="left" box="[890,903,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">1.</subScript>
R
<subScript id="177334E1FFA9FF87FC0A35D8FC03D1F5" attach="left" box="[927,952,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">2+3</subScript>
short, nearly straight. R
<subScript id="177334E1FFA9FF87FB4635D8FB56D1F5" attach="left" box="[1235,1261,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">4+5</subScript>
apically gently curved. R-M a little oblique. Fork of CuA relatively wide, CuA
<subScript id="177334E1FFA9FF87FCF435BCFCD2D199" attach="left" box="[865,873,205,219]" fontSize="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">2</subScript>
bent basad in apical third. Vein measurements are given in
<tableCitation id="C675031FFFA9FF87FF6C35AEFEF5D1BB" box="[249,334,223,249]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="21.[151,239,588,614]" captionText="TABLE 4. Wing vein measurements, genus Plecia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Table 4</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA9FF87FF523472FB13D05F" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,897]" box="[199,1192,259,285]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Legs: Brown, femora slightly thickened. Most parts are missing in the specimen at hand.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA9FF87FF523456FC95D003" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,897]" box="[199,814,294,321]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Abdomen: Length
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA9FF87FE0E3457FE48D003" box="[411,499,294,321]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA9FF87FDD03456FD25D003" box="[581,670,295,321]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
. Cylindrical.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA9FF87FF52343AFEEFD027" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,897]" box="[199,340,331,357]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Male (N=1):</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA9FF87FF52341EFCFED0CB" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,897]" box="[199,837,367,393]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Total length
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. Entirely black, rather slender build.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA9FF87FF5234E2FC0FD093" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,897]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Head: Length 1.0 mm.Antenna relatively slender, segments not possible to count, flagellum
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA9FF87FB5034E3FA9CD0EF" box="[1221,1319,402,429]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="0.51">0.51 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA9FF87FAFE34E2FF78D093" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="0.09">0.09 mm</quantity>
wide. Ocellar tubercle tall and prominent. Rostrum not protruding.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA9FF87FF5234AAFCEED0B7" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,897]" box="[199,853,475,501]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Thorax: Length
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. Pile not apparent. Haltere brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA9FF87FF52348EFC55D37F" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,897]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Legs: Black, slender. Fore tibia
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA9FF87FDBB348EFD3ED35B" box="[558,645,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA9FF87FD59348EFC8BD35B" box="[716,816,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="0.19">0.19 mm</quantity>
wide, first fore tarsomere
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA9FF87FBCE348EFB7BD35B" box="[1115,1216,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="0.66">0.66 mm</quantity>
long, hind tibia
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long,
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA9FF87FE9F3752FED5D37F" box="[266,366,547,573]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="0.22">0.22 mm</quantity>
wide, first hind tarsomere
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA9FF87FD0E3753FD44D37F" box="[667,767,546,573]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.699999999999999" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="0.57">0.57 mm</quantity>
long,
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wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA9FF87FF523736FE24D3C7" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,897]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Wing: Length
<quantity id="4C0F9B41FFA9FF87FEF23736FE05D323" box="[359,446,583,609]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="4.4">4.4 mm</quantity>
, width
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, length/width = 2.5. Light brownish fumose, veins brown. Details in venation not possible to see.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA9FF87FF5237FEFCBED3EB" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,897]" box="[199,773,655,681]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Abdomen: Length 4.0 mm, slender and cylindrical.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA9FF87FF5237C2FCE4D38F" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,897]" box="[199,863,691,717]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Terminalia: Gonostylus apparently rather long and straight.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3ED652FFFA9FF87FF5237A7FCE6D2C3" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B4836A4FFA9FF87FF5237A7FCE6D2C3" blockId="25.[151,1436,151,897]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA9FF87FF5237A7FEFED3B2" bold="true" box="[199,325,726,752]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Discussion</emphasis>
: The terminalia illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA9FF87FD3737A6FC1DD3B3" author="Skartveit, J. &amp; Nel, A." box="[674,934,727,753]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 83" refId="ref51464" refString="Skartveit, J. &amp; Nel, A. (2017) Revision of Bibionidae (Diptera) from French Oligocene deposits. Zootaxa, 4225 (1), 1 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4225.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Skartveit &amp; Nel (2017</bibRefCitation>
: Fig. 147–148) may possibly be from a different species. The species was synonymised with
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA9FF87FD42378AFB8DD257" authority="(Heer, 1849)" baseAuthorityName="Heer" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[727,1078,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lygaeoides">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA9FF87FD42378AFC24D257" box="[727,927,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Plecia lygaeoides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA9FF87FC3B378AFB95D257" author="Heer, O." box="[942,1070,763,789]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref50180" refString="Heer, O. (1849) Die Insektenfauna der Tertiargebilde von Oeningen und von Radoboj in Croatien. Zweite Theil: Heuschrecken, Florfliegen, Aderflugler, Schmetterlinge und Fliegen. W. Engelmann, Leipzig, IV + 139 pp., XV Taf. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2469" type="book" year="1849">Heer, 1849</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA9FF87FBF6378AFAD7D257" author="Skartveit, J. &amp; Nel, A." box="[1123,1388,763,789]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 83" refId="ref51464" refString="Skartveit, J. &amp; Nel, A. (2017) Revision of Bibionidae (Diptera) from French Oligocene deposits. Zootaxa, 4225 (1), 1 - 83. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4225.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">Skartveit &amp; Nel (2017)</bibRefCitation>
, but closer studies of the
<typeStatus id="544C8806FFA9FF87FEEB366EFE15D27B" box="[382,430,799,825]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
material of
<taxonomicName id="4CF74D27FFA9FF87FDA3366EFD71D27B" baseAuthorityName="Heer" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[566,714,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lygaeoides">
<emphasis id="B983EAB6FFA9FF87FDA3366EFD71D27B" box="[566,714,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">P. lygaeoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
suggest the two are not the same (
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA9FF87FBD9366EFA2BD27B" author="Skartveit, J. &amp; Krizmanic, K." box="[1100,1424,799,825]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="351 - 378" refId="ref51412" refString="Skartveit, J. &amp; Krizmanic, K. (2020) Revision of fossil Bibionidae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Miocene of Radoboj, Coatia. Zootaxa, 4759 (3), 351 - 378. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4759.3.3" type="journal article" year="2020">Skartveit &amp; Krizmanic 2020</bibRefCitation>
), accordingly we here reinstate it as a valid species.
<bibRefCitation id="EF664B55FFA9FF87FD5A3632FCE3D21F" author="Statz, G." box="[719,856,835,861]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref51587" refString="Statz, G. (1943) Neue Dipteren (Nematocera) aus dem Oberoligozan von Rott. I. Familie Bibionidae (Haarmucken). Palaeontographica, Series A, 95, 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1943">Statz (1943)</bibRefCitation>
only referred to Heyden &amp; Heyden’s description of the species but apparently had not seen any additional material.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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