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<document id="2B58FC60A926591EEA6BE8A453026A95" ID-DOI="10.26028/cybium/2021-452-002" ID-ISSN="2101-0315" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10493631" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" checkinTime="1705002684239" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Keith, Philippe &amp; Mennesson, Marion I." docDate="2021" docId="FD2287B9AE486F56D2DF1B24FE2023C2" docLanguage="en" docName="Cybium.45.2.89-108.pdf" docOrigin="Cybium 45 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.26028/cybium/2021-452-002" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EAB95795642928CB986F0923DE58F0B7:Cybium.2019-.journal_article" docStyleId="EAB95795642928CB986F0923DE58F0B7" docStyleName="Cybium.2019-.journal_article" docTitle="Ophiocara cantoris" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="106" masterDocId="011BFFC1AE586F47D220193DFFCF2759" masterDocTitle="Review of Ophiocara (Teleostei: Butidae) from Indo-Pacific Islands" masterLastPageNumber="108" masterPageNumber="89" pageNumber="105" updateTime="1705003182698" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="86646594969CA71531BF8202809C7C71">Review of Ophiocara (Teleostei: Butidae) from Indo-Pacific Islands</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9C7139C6AFDB3246263E89939FAE4120">Keith, Philippe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E23325F30E57BA2EC53589A9D5857510">Mennesson, Marion I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F78108CB6B1436F44A1C97B08F08C953">Cybium</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="47C3169EBF3694573E2B74BDED48FBAA">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="96A488B5085B3898247DC518B634B2BA">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BC2EF51BBD3368D44ECB0EC2AD3665BC" type="DOI">10.26028/cybium/2021-452-002</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7943A224C0257C8DDC55A91664F709B5" type="ISSN">2101-0315</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="FD2287B9AE486F56D2DF1B24FE2023C2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493643" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10493643" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FD2287B9AE486F56D2DF1B24FE2023C2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FD2287B9AE486F56D2DF1B24FE2023C2" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
<subSubSection id="3D916524AE486F57D2DF1B24FD422568" box="[255,653,537,561]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D2DF1B24FD422568" blockId="16.[255,653,537,561]" box="[255,653,537,561]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
<heading id="2E7C81C3AE486F57D2DF1B24FD422568" bold="true" box="[255,653,537,561]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="B28B4D2CAE486F57D2DF1B24FD422568" authority="(Gunther, 1861)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[255,653,537,561]" family="Eleotridae" genus="Ophiocara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantoris">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE486F57D2DF1B24FD422568" bold="true" box="[255,653,537,561]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE486F57D2DF1B24FE1C2568" bold="true" box="[255,467,537,561]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Ophiocara cantoris</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="111A4B5EAE486F57D3C01B24FD4A2568" author="GUNTHER A." box="[480,645,537,561]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" refId="ref14267" refString="GUNTHER A., 1861. - Catalogue of the Acanthopterygian Fishes in the Collection of the British Museum. Vol. 3, 586 p. British Museum, London." type="book" year="1861">Günther, 1861</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3D916524AE486F57D3081B04FDAC250B" box="[296,611,569,594]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" type="description">
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D3081B04FDAC250B" blockId="16.[296,611,569,594]" box="[296,611,569,594]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
(
<figureCitation id="EDB02A2AAE486F57D3101B04FE45250B" box="[304,394,569,594]" captionStart-0="Figure 2" captionStart-1="Figure 3" captionStartId-0="6.[132,196,1571,1593]" captionStartId-1="7.[132,195,1703,1725]" captionTargetBox-0="[142,1442,219,1550]" captionTargetBox-1="[138,1417,229,1680]" captionTargetId-0="figure-179@6.[142,1446,215,1554]" captionTargetId-1="figure-66@7.[132,1455,215,1686]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="Figure 2. – Bayesian tree of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit (COI; 446 bp) for sequenced specimens of Ophiocara. Numbers at each node represent posterior probabilities." captionText-1="Figure 3. – Barcoding NJ K2P trees of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit for sequenced specimens of Ophiocara including three syntypes from MNHN collection; Eleotris porocephala Valenciennes, 1837 from New Ireland (Papua New Guinea) (MNHN-IC-A-1574) and from Seychelles (MNHN-IC-A-1573), and E. madagascariensis Valenciennes, 1837 (MNHN-IC-A-2709). Numbers at each node represent bootstrap values. For all trees, MNHN syntypes are in bold. In tree (A) [199 bp], the three specimens from the Museum &amp; Art Gallery of the Northern Territory (NTM,Australia) are highlighted with a star; Tree (B) [110 bp]; Tree (C) [106 bp]." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493638" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493641" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10493638/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10493641/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Figs 2-3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="EDB02A2AAE486F57D3B51B04FE6B2508" box="[405,420,569,593]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="12.[132,195,737,759]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,216,720]" captionTargetId="figure-381@12.[132,984,215,721]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 6. – Distribution of Ophiocara species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493653" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10493653/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="EDB02A2AAE486F57D38F1B07FE2C250B" box="[431,483,570,594]" captionStart-0="Figure 9" captionStart-1="Figure 10" captionStartId-0="16.[813,878,630,652]" captionStartId-1="16.[813,877,990,1012]" captionTargetBox-0="[813,1456,215,612]" captionTargetBox-1="[813,1450,774,974]" captionTargetId-0="figure-668@16.[813,1456,215,612]" captionTargetId-1="figure-650@16.[813,1456,732,974]" captionTargetPageId-0="16" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionText-0="Figure 9. – Ophiocara cantoris, lectotype BMNH 1860.3.19.577 (above; 98 mm SL) and paralectotype BMNH 1860.3.19.581 (below; 110 mm SL) (Photo BMNH, N. Martin)." captionText-1="Figure 10. – Ophiocara cantoris, NTM S.17453-002, Singapore; 63 mm SL (Photo NTM, M. Hammer)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493659" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493661" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10493659/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10493661/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">9-10</figureCitation>
; Tabs II-III)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3D916524AE486F57D2A41B44FE4A230B" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D2A41B44FE9325C8" blockId="16.[132,775,633,1106]" box="[132,348,633,657]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE486F57D2A41B44FE9325C8" bold="true" box="[132,348,633,657]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<caption id="21F46627AE486F57D10D1B4BFB3125E5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493659" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10493659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10493659/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" startId="16.[813,878,630,652]" targetBox="[813,1456,215,612]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D10D1B4BFB3125E5" blockId="16.[813,1455,629,700]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
Figure 9. –
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE486F57D1BF1B4BFBA625D2" box="[927,1129,630,651]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
<taxonomicName id="B28B4D2CAE486F57D1BF1B4BFBAA25D2" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[927,1125,630,651]" family="Eleotridae" genus="Ophiocara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantoris">Ophiocara cantoris</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
lectotype BMNH 1860.3.19.577 (above; 98 mm SL) and paralectotype BMNH 1860.3.19.581 (below; 110 mm SL) (Photo BMNH, N. Martin).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D28A1BA7FF26244B" blockId="16.[132,775,633,1106]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
As there are confusions on the
<typeStatus id="AA30880DAE486F57D3CE1BA7FD8425EB" box="[494,587,666,690]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
series of this spe- cies (see our previous discussion), according to
<bibRefCitation id="111A4B5EAE486F57D05D1B87FCCC258B" author="ICZN" box="[637,771,698,722]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" refId="ref14299" refString="ICZN, 1999. - International code of zoological nomenclature, 4 th edit. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London." type="book" year="1999">ICZN (1999</bibRefCitation>
: art. 74.1) we here designate a
<typeStatus id="AA30880DAE486F57D3F01BE7FDFA25AB" box="[464,565,730,754]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
among the BMNH
<typeStatus id="AA30880DAE486F57D2A41BC7FF2A244B" box="[132,229,762,786]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D28A1A27FE44240B" blockId="16.[132,775,633,1106]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
<materialsCitation id="C5E33CF2AE486F57D28A1A27FE44240B" country="Malaysia" location="Penang" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pulau Pinang" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE486F57D28A1A27FED62468" box="[170,281,794,817]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
<typeStatus id="AA30880DAE486F57D28A1A27FED62468" box="[170,281,794,817]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
. – BMNH 1860.3.19.577 (
<quantity id="B2739B4AAE486F57D0701A27FD6E2468" box="[592,673,794,818]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="98.0">98 mm</quantity>
SL; half skin),
<collectingRegion id="B74FF84DAE486F57D2E61A07FED8240B" box="[198,279,826,850]" country="Malaysia" name="Pulau Pinang" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Penang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="0D9C763FAE486F57D3021A07FE48240B" box="[290,391,826,850]" name="Malaysia" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D28A1A67FE7524CB" blockId="16.[132,775,633,1106]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
<materialsCitation id="C5E33CF2AE486F57D28A1A67FE7924CB" country="Malaysia" location="Penang" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pulau Pinang" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE486F57D28A1A67FE87242B" box="[170,328,858,882]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
<typeStatus id="AA30880DAE486F57D28A1A67FE87242B" box="[170,328,858,882]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
. – BMNH 1860.3.19.581 (
<quantity id="B2739B4AAE486F57D05A1A67FD182428" box="[634,727,858,882]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="110.0">110 mm</quantity>
SL; half skin),
<collectingRegion id="B74FF84DAE486F57D2D61A47FE8824CB" box="[246,327,890,914]" country="Malaysia" name="Pulau Pinang" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Penang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="0D9C763FAE486F57D3711A47FE7924CB" box="[337,438,890,914]" name="Malaysia" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D28A1AA7FE4A230B" blockId="16.[132,775,633,1106]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE486F57D28A1AA7FF3524EB" box="[170,250,922,946]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Others</emphasis>
. –
<taxonomicName id="B28B4D2CAE486F57D3051AA7FE0424E8" box="[293,459,922,946]" family="Eleotridae" genus="Ophiocara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE486F57D3051AA7FE6B24EB" box="[293,420,922,946]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Ophiocara</emphasis>
sp
</taxonomicName>
, NTM S.17453-002, male (
<quantity id="B2739B4AAE486F57D2AC1A87FF172488" box="[140,216,954,978]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="63.0">63 mm</quantity>
SL), Creek off Observatory, Pulau Ubin,
<collectingCountry id="0D9C763FAE486F57D0B41A87FCCC248B" box="[660,771,954,978]" name="Singapore" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Singapore</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="0135106FAE486F57D2A41AE7FEDF24AB" box="[132,272,986,1010]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" value="2012-10-16">16 Oct. 2012</date>
, Larson &amp; Party coll. MNHN-IC-A-1329, male (
<quantity id="B2739B4AAE486F57D2AC1AC7FECE2348" box="[140,257,1018,1042]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.076" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="107.6">107.6 mm</quantity>
SL),
<collectingCountry id="0D9C763FAE486F57D3641AC7FE68234B" box="[324,423,1018,1042]" name="Vietnam" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, 1876, Harmand coll. MNHN- IC-1963-0597, male (
<quantity id="B2739B4AAE486F57D3511D27FE702368" box="[369,447,1050,1074]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="90.0">90 mm</quantity>
SL),
<collectingCountry id="0D9C763FAE486F57D3DD1D27FDBF236B" box="[509,624,1050,1074]" name="Cambodia" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="0135106FAE486F57D05B1D27FCCD236B" box="[635,770,1050,1074]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" value="1961-03">March 1961</date>
, d’Aubenton &amp; Fily coll.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="21F46627AE486F57D10D1AE3FB502355" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493661" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10493661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10493661/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" startId="16.[813,877,990,1012]" targetBox="[813,1450,774,974]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D10D1AE3FB502355" blockId="16.[813,1455,990,1036]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
Figure 10. –
<taxonomicName id="B28B4D2CAE486F57D18C1AE3FB0624AD" authority=", NTM S." authorityName="NTM S." box="[940,1225,990,1012]" family="Eleotridae" genus="Ophiocara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantoris">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE486F57D18C1AE3FBBA24AD" box="[940,1141,990,1012]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Ophiocara cantoris,</emphasis>
NTM S.
</taxonomicName>
17453-002, Singapore; 63 mm SL (Photo NTM, M. Hammer).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="3D916524AE486F57D2A41D47FF6423AB" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D2A41D47FF3D23CB" blockId="16.[132,775,1146,1266]" box="[132,242,1146,1170]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE486F57D2A41D47FF3D23CB" bold="true" box="[132,242,1146,1170]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D28A1DA7FF6423AB" blockId="16.[132,775,1146,1266]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">The species usually has 37-39 lateral scales, 25-27 pre- dorsal scales, 8-9 zigzag scales and the jaw length is 14-16% SL.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3D916524AE486F56D2A41C27FDC624E0" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" type="description">
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D2A41C27FEC7226B" blockId="16.[132,775,1306,1906]" box="[132,264,1306,1330]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE486F57D2A41C27FEC7226B" bold="true" box="[132,264,1306,1330]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D28A1C07FF3422EB" blockId="16.[132,775,1306,1906]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
Below, the
<typeStatus id="AA30880DAE486F57D3071C07FE43220B" box="[295,396,1338,1362]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
counts are given first, followed in brackets, if different, by the
<typeStatus id="AA30880DAE486F57D3E71C67FDB2222B" box="[455,637,1370,1394]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">other specimens</typeStatus>
counts. The scale counts are given in table II and selected morphometrics in table III.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D28A1C87FD34216B" blockId="16.[132,775,1306,1906]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">The body is more ovoid than elongated. The body depth at anus is 21 (19-24)% SL, at first dorsal fin 23 (21-26)% SL, and the caudal peduncle depth is 13 (13-16)% SL. Predorsal length 43 (43-46)% SL and preanal length 64 (64-69)% SL.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D28A1F07FEBC204A" blockId="16.[132,775,1306,1906]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">The head 33 (32-37)% SL is depressed, the snout is con- vex. The anterior nostrils are long, reaching lower margin of upper lip. The mouth and jaw length 15 (14-16)% SL are large with inwardly curved teeth set on both jaws and larger on outer row of upper jaw. Posterior end of maxillary extending below 1/2 or 2/3 of posterior margin of eye. Eye diameter 6 (6-8)% SL.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D28A1E27FC6D22C8" blockId="16.[132,775,1306,1906]" lastBlockId="16.[813,1456,1081,1777]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Dorsal fins VI-I,8 with no filamentous rays. The first dorsal fin is with second, third and fourth rays longer. Anal fin I,7 directly opposite to the second dorsal fin. The cau- dal fin is with 15-branched rays and its posterior margin is rounded. Pelvic fins separate, I,5. Pectoral fins 15, with the posterior margin rounded. Lateral scales 38 (37-39), with ctenoid scales on flanks and caudal peduncle. Cycloid scales from snout to top of head and anterior part of D1, on operculum, on base of pectoral fins and on belly extending to anus. Scales of top of head and back bigger than those of belly. Scales in transverse back series 13 (11-13), in transverse for- ward 18 (18-20), in predorsal usually 25 (25-27) and in zig- zag 8 (8-9). Gill opening extending beyond the posterior end of urohyal.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D1731CA4FB4A21EB" blockId="16.[813,1456,1081,1777]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
Cephalic sensory pore system as described by
<bibRefCitation id="111A4B5EAE486F57D77A1CA4FC30228B" author="AKIHITO &amp; MEGURO K." pageId="16" pageNumber="105" pagination="72 - 84" refId="ref13410" refString="AKIHITO &amp; MEGURO K., 1974. - On Gobiid Fishes Ophiocara porocephala and Ophieleotris aporos. Jpn. J. Ichthyol., 21 (2): 72 - 84." type="journal article" year="1974">Akihito and Meguro (1974)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="111A4B5EAE486F57D6121C84FB192288" author="AKIHITO" box="[1074,1238,1465,1489]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" pagination="629 - 639" refId="ref13345" refString="AKIHITO, 1986. - Some morphological characters considered to be important in gobiid phylogeny. In: Indo-Pacific Fish Biolo- gy: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Indo-Pacific Fishes (Uyeno T., Arai R., Taniuchi T. &amp; Matsuura K., eds), pp. 629 - 639. Ichthyological Society of Japan, Tokyo." type="book chapter" year="1986">Akihito (1986)</bibRefCitation>
, with oculoscapular canal nasal to post-temporal with the pores A to L except for G; preopercular canal long with the pores M to Q; oculo- scapular canal grooves on nasal, frontal, pterotic and post-temporal; inner side of oculoscapular canal on frontal walled continuously from C to F; preopercular canal groove long. Head sensory papillae as described by
<bibRefCitation id="111A4B5EAE486F57D6F11F44FCBB21EB" author="AKIHITO &amp; MEGURO K." pageId="16" pageNumber="105" pagination="72 - 84" refId="ref13410" refString="AKIHITO &amp; MEGURO K., 1974. - On Gobiid Fishes Ophiocara porocephala and Ophieleotris aporos. Jpn. J. Ichthyol., 21 (2): 72 - 84." type="journal article" year="1974">Akihito and Meguro (1974)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="111A4B5EAE486F57D1851FA4FB4E21EB" author="AKIHITO &amp; HAYASHI M. &amp; YOSHINO T." box="[933,1153,1689,1714]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105" pagination="236 - 289" refId="ref13444" refString="AKIHITO, HAYASHI M. &amp; YOSHINO T., 1988. - Suborder Gobi- oidei. In: The Fishes of the Japanese Archipelago, 2 nd edit. (Masuda H., Amaoko K., Araga C., Uyeno T. &amp; Yoshino T., eds), pp. 236 - 289, 445. Tokai University Press, Tokyo." type="journal article" year="1988">
Akihito
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE486F57D1DC1FA7FBE421E8" box="[1020,1067,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">et al</emphasis>
. (1988)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D1731F84FC2121A8" blockId="16.[813,1456,1081,1777]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Males with a rounded/elongated urogenital papilla with distal tip rounded.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D10D1E24FBE22068" blockId="16.[813,1455,1817,1906]" box="[813,1069,1817,1841]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE486F57D10D1E24FBE22068" bold="true" box="[813,1069,1817,1841]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Colour in preservation</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE486F57D1731E04FA60202B" blockId="16.[813,1455,1817,1906]" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">
Background of body brown on the back and head. The flanks are brownish with some patches light brown (
<figureCitation id="EDB02A2AAE486F57D7741E64FA6C202B" box="[1364,1443,1881,1906]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="16.[813,877,990,1012]" captionTargetBox="[813,1450,774,974]" captionTargetId="figure-650@16.[813,1456,732,974]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 10. – Ophiocara cantoris, NTM S.17453-002, Singapore; 63 mm SL (Photo NTM, M. Hammer)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10493661/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="105">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE496F56D2A419E4FDE126AD" blockId="17.[132,775,217,501]" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">Belly beige. Lateral parts of head light brown. Two beige vertical continuous bands on the flanks, the first one from the anterior part of the second dorsal fin and the medium part of belly, the second one around the caudal peduncle. Several beige spots at hypural base and between the second dorsal and the anal fin. The first and second dorsal fins are brown with 4-5 rows of aligned white spots along rays. The pelvic, pectoral and anal fins are grey and without spots. Caudal fin brown to grey with several whitish dots.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE496F56D2A41B21FED5256D" blockId="17.[132,775,540,953]" box="[132,282,540,564]" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE496F56D2A41B21FED5256D" bold="true" box="[132,282,540,564]" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">Colour in life</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE496F56D28A1B00FEDC250C" blockId="17.[132,775,540,953]" box="[170,275,573,597]" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">Unknown</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE496F56D28A1B63FDC624E0" blockId="17.[132,775,540,953]" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">
NB: In their book
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE496F56D3491B63FD77252C" box="[361,696,605,630]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">
A Guide to Gobies of
<collectingCountry id="0D9C763FAE496F56D06B1B63FD77252C" box="[587,696,606,629]" name="Singapore" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">Singapore</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="111A4B5EAE496F56D09D1B63FEE325CF" author="LARSON H. K. L. &amp; LIM K. K. P." pageId="17" pageNumber="106" refId="ref14880" refString="LARSON H. K. L. &amp; LIM K. K. P., 2005. - A Guide to Gobies of Sin- gapore. 164 p. Singapore Science Center." type="book" year="2005">Larson and Lim (2005)</bibRefCitation>
gave live pictures of
<taxonomicName id="B28B4D2CAE496F56D0321B43FD4925CF" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1863" box="[530,646,638,662]" family="Eleotridae" genus="Ophiocara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE496F56D0321B43FD4925CF" box="[530,646,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">Ophiocara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
living there but they gave 33-37 lateral scales for the specimens exam- ined and this covers both the lateral scales data of
<taxonomicName id="B28B4D2CAE496F56D08C1B82FF2B25AE" baseAuthorityName="Kottelat" baseAuthorityYear="2013" family="Eleotridae" genus="Ophiocara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ophicephalus">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE496F56D08C1B82FF2B25AE" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">O. ophicephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(32-35) and
<taxonomicName id="B28B4D2CAE496F56D3521BE2FE2325AE" box="[370,492,735,759]" family="Eleotridae" genus="Ophiocara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantoris">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE496F56D3521BE2FE2325AE" box="[370,492,735,759]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">O. cantoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(37-39). According to the known distribution of both species, it is possible that these 2 species live in sympatry in
<collectingCountry id="0D9C763FAE496F56D38C1A1DFDD12461" box="[428,542,800,824]" name="Singapore" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">Singapore</collectingCountry>
. Thus, the pictures of the book showing a ‘silver dotted pattern’ for the adult (as
<figureCitation id="EDB02A2AAE496F56D2A41A5DFF182420" box="[132,215,864,889]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[132,198,1638,1660]" captionTargetBox="[132,775,791,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-386@12.[132,775,1043,1316]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. – A: Ophiocara ophicephalus, male, New Caledonia (Photo N. Charpin); B: Ophiocara ophicephalus, male, ‘silver dotted pattern’, New Caledonia (Photo L. Taillebois); C: Ophiocara ophicephalus, juvenile, New Caledonia (Photo E. Vigneux)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493655" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10493655/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
), and a juvenile with 2 transverse vertical bands (as
<figureCitation id="EDB02A2AAE496F56D2A41ABCFF1A24C0" box="[132,213,897,921]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[132,198,1638,1660]" captionTargetBox="[132,775,791,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-386@12.[132,775,1043,1316]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. – A: Ophiocara ophicephalus, male, New Caledonia (Photo N. Charpin); B: Ophiocara ophicephalus, male, ‘silver dotted pattern’, New Caledonia (Photo L. Taillebois); C: Ophiocara ophicephalus, juvenile, New Caledonia (Photo E. Vigneux)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10493655" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10493655/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
) could refer to one or the other species, and unfortu- nately not necessarily to
<taxonomicName id="B28B4D2CAE496F56D3AB1A9FFDCD24E0" box="[395,514,930,953]" family="Eleotridae" genus="Ophiocara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantoris">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE496F56D3AB1A9FFDCD24E0" box="[395,514,930,953]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">O. cantoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3D916524AE496F56D2A41ADFFE2023C2" pageId="17" pageNumber="106" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="753436AFAE496F56D2A41ADFFF1124A3" blockId="17.[132,775,994,1179]" box="[132,222,994,1018]" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE496F56D2A41ADFFF1124A3" bold="true" box="[132,222,994,1018]" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">Ecology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="753436AFAE496F56D28A1D3FFE2023C2" blockId="17.[132,775,994,1179]" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">
With the doubt cited in the above note,
<bibRefCitation id="111A4B5EAE496F56D0791D3FFF022363" author="LARSON H. K. L. &amp; LIM K. K. P." pageId="17" pageNumber="106" refId="ref14880" refString="LARSON H. K. L. &amp; LIM K. K. P., 2005. - A Guide to Gobies of Sin- gapore. 164 p. Singapore Science Center." type="book" year="2005">Larson and Lim (2005)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned that in
<collectingCountry id="0D9C763FAE496F56D3B71D1FFDCA2363" box="[407,517,1058,1082]" name="Singapore" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">Singapore</collectingCountry>
<taxonomicName id="B28B4D2CAE496F56D02B1D1FFD4F2363" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1863" box="[523,640,1058,1082]" family="Eleotridae" genus="Ophiocara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="47FFEABDAE496F56D02B1D1FFD4F2363" box="[523,640,1058,1082]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="106">Ophiocara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is ‘common in mangrove creeks, prawn ponds and canals in estuarine areas hiding along the stream bank edges among mangrove roots or under logs and leaf litter’.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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