307 lines
35 KiB
XML
307 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="280639" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.47.113186" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c24b8527-31c7-4ba2-8292-3014640a2d69" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2615-47-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FDE8F8AE357158E2B0C30C8DAEF7A620" ID-ZooBank="2DA26BD830664B888DD94EE8E9017E29" ModsDocID="1314-2615-47-1" checkinTime="1701752211183" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Perez, Kathryn E., Guerrero, Yamileth, Castaneda, Roel, Diaz, Peter H., Gibson, Randy, Schwartz, Benjamin & Hutchins, Benjamin T." docDate="2023" docId="95B5F3629D875A5EB4B2E257C487A4BA" docLanguage="en" docName="SubterBiol 47: 1-27" docOrigin="Subterranean Biology 47" docPubDate="2023-12-04" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.47.113186" docTitle="Vitropyrgus Perez & Guerrero 2023, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="4E6DE6B7-1891-4960-8211-AC921C8171D0" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="FDE8F8AE357158E2B0C30C8DAEF7A620" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FDE8F8AE357158E2B0C30C8DAEF7A620" masterDocTitle="Two new phreatic snails (Mollusca, Caenogastropoda, Cochliopidae) from the Edwards and Edwards-Trinity aquifers, Texas" masterLastPageNumber="27" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732767787096" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="EA2BC13821167AE6BC425002A15AD433">Two new phreatic snails (Mollusca, Caenogastropoda, Cochliopidae) from the Edwards and Edwards-Trinity aquifers, Texas</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FB4ECB0493439611A71D39708E86CBE0">Perez, Kathryn E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2959EDC0ABA1641B847BA50EA8ADA583">School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, 78542, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3343E543C6DDE8C71741F5C0DA857333" type="email">perezke@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="1742293C911E63E7C4229428B2B8D22E">Guerrero, Yamileth</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D12A6A1361D077CB6455B8A922EE07F5">School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, 78542, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C89D3EC3FB847E74D7BEC881E15BC402">Castaneda, Roel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F78FA2440BB49FB416D183A70F804D9A">School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, 78542, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0FC0B918117DD37A3D82CC604E906987">Diaz, Peter H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C9586094AE505A47330522448D946E9C">Texas Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, San Marcos, TX, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5A0ABD0F6B24BE61F231A7B28145BB31">Gibson, Randy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="954766CCC91A5AACD3D61CBD4F07E3B7" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9365-0819</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="1284B13D91C61538DE0DBEFA45A505ED">Aquatic Resources Center, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, San Marcos, TX, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="26580E86AAC4A96904EC78A98F15D1BB">Schwartz, Benjamin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E9165EAED58A8859992547BE56EC7F62" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0072-344X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="936B93423DF9B6B480BDE28679F32C44">Edwards Aquifer Research and Data Center, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="01C53AA6CEF7431D3957F2BE745F1E06">Hutchins, Benjamin T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0156E0B837B7310C8BC7CD3FBE36B9C5">Edwards Aquifer Research and Data Center, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="3B0B7515F92200B4BA7EE08171FE8FA1">Subterranean Biology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="BF0A326E4876DC650543A9C2C1B8D6CE">
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<mods:date id="98E1FF1FAB84CABDE4D49E03EDE50D31">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CDB054AAA7C4744E4976310C66A14A5E">2023-12-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B49A27439BBEDFA1AE11AB5896C32B43">47</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="CED5B375CB6CA993011B9567CE89027F">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="3C31F4633239A66637FB5B8EE20AB979">27</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="B1EA45EA59E34000A6666B0DE5CCCDA3">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.47.113186</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="BD92AB13E307A728A06B3FBEFE1D414D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="13C97BF00BBF69D0C245CFFF58E3C0A1" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.47.113186</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7E8D4E6ABD2B2B58A4C8E2F3CC0AE863" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2615-47-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0DE952FFED5285A7D5C14010597ABEC8" type="ZooBank">2DA26BD830664B888DD94EE8E9017E29</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="95B5F3629D875A5EB4B2E257C487A4BA" ID-GBIF-Taxon="219505008" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4E6DE6B7-1891-4960-8211-AC921C8171D0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/95B5F3629D875A5EB4B2E257C487A4BA" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Gastropoda" scope_family="Cochliopidae" scope_phylum="Mollusca" scope_superFamily="Truncatelloidea">
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<subSubSection id="F9751363BA6497D8991DA2F30A98A13F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5A4C7F9C4354F35532727D136F635219" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="AD2E4F5472A1E003F09A1D446A5F3FB5" LSID="https://zoobank.org/4E6DE6B7-1891-4960-8211-AC921C8171D0" authority="Perez & Guerrero, 2023" authorityName="Perez & Guerrero" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Vitropyrgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vitropyrgus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Vitropyrgus Perez & Guerrero, 2023</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7EE471281C73ECF75F4D6EFED6640FEC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="56CDCFAC5C132F53373F192D075EA635" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="BD79BA3AA3CFF8214ECB0AB951FADB9C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation id="8DA8C934728FE4E9058D539885264A59" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Shells and anatomical features of Vitropyrgus lillianae gen. et sp. nov. All localities in Texas A-C holotype, Comal Springs, Comal County, ANSP 494654 D shell frontal view of individual from Fessenden Springs, Kerr County, ABC 005622 E SEM of embryonic whorls to detail sculpture F SEM of rear shell and sculpture G SEM of teleoconch sculpture H SEM of operculum, outer view I penis, ventral view J penis, dorsal view. The yellow coloration in I and J is caused by immersion in Bouin's solution, the tissues are white, unpigmented in life." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.47.113186.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/947271" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="662D940F0882D0182F709440C3673282" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. SEM of Vitropyrgus lillianae gen. et sp. nov. radula A view of central radula teeth B radula ribbon showing details of inner and outer marginals C outer marginal teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.47.113186.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/947272" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1C40657EC397022A63736E4E28911946" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
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||
<paragraph id="70012274C3C4CC1E30FECF92700B7008" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D233543B75596E062B370A5965A686A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="948648BE37A952948B52D6B51497EA09" authorityName="Perez & Guerrero" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Vitropyrgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vitropyrgus lillianae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lillianae">
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<emphasis id="05036BA8FE5688B0496776D604DBEDB2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vitropyrgus lillianae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. et sp. nov.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="814FEB50352E636FBDF8A20833B78887" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="87EE945F3B1EBF668FB295CBB13936EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F78DBFC465038A63296EC8B9F900B8FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Minute shell with spiral and collabral sculpture on teleoconch that extends to sutures. Embryonic whorl distinctively sculptured with wrinkles giving a malleated appearance. Aperture ovate to round, with slightly reflected lip near umbilicus. Umbilicus open. Animal eyeless and unpigmented. Penis attached behind right eye position, simple in glandular structure. The single known species of
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<taxonomicName id="44FAA4C4352F84DF309F93E8B75B54ED" authorityName="Perez & Guerrero" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Vitropyrgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vitropyrgus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="FAD6CFFE3F7C01392229FB3643A915E7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vitropyrgus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a quarter of the size of related epigean taxa and is adapted to a subterranean environment (e.g., lacking pigmentation, eyes, and ctenidia). Simple penial morphology lacking the papillae or apocrine glands that define other members of
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<taxonomicName id="640F1EBE588194AD9A2FFDBDB3B92918" authorityName="D.W.Tryon" authorityYear="1866" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Cochliopidae</taxonomicName>
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. Finally, the shell has a distinctive clear and glassy appearance, lacking the tan color of
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<taxonomicName id="5BE2B7409440CB494DFE758AE0A9EE14" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Tryonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tryonia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B82C04E5A541ED061C4D45D28A23B8E8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tryonia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="C39A7CA2F2B66367E8DEB9F97929A02F" authorityName="Hershler & Longley" authorityYear="1986" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Stygopyrgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stygopyrgus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B4F02DC99544F3C2984D8D5CB9F10BCC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stygopyrgus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Hershler & Longley, 1986 or the usual translucency of
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<taxonomicName id="21FE468738AED8D202719B5997DF1B1A" authorityName="Hershler & Longley" authorityYear="1986" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Phreatodrobia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phreatodrobia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="FBBE55A82C5C06D36901781380E38278" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phreatodrobia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
<caption id="772A622739D8B216415FA871F6F748A6" doi="10.3897/subtbiol.47.113186.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/947271" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
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||
<paragraph id="E22E4BA446B43E6A08F43F026778223B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="2A51E4920B2C2A6D5DAFDE10556F2226" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 5.</emphasis>
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Shells and anatomical features of
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<taxonomicName id="0D61411CD8F334118264B8AA572A4AB5" authorityName="Perez & Guerrero" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Vitropyrgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vitropyrgus lillianae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lillianae">
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<emphasis id="4DAE2B8077E3290FCC58CA3F3B92408F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vitropyrgus lillianae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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gen. et sp. nov. All localities in Texas
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<emphasis id="A3651F0BECF57E7DE28F46D282B111F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
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holotype, Comal Springs, Comal County, ANSP 494654
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<emphasis id="52AEF6D323D620F6453E3C611FC00282" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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shell frontal view of individual from Fessenden Springs, Kerr County, ABC 005622
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<emphasis id="65046EA9C9FB7E690CA281D91E2C81EE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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SEM of embryonic whorls to detail sculpture
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||
<emphasis id="751E0A633C61896EF7F3BFA03AAA9B44" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
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SEM of rear shell and sculpture
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<emphasis id="BB209FDAD865E968EA28BC9F0C07CD82" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
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SEM of teleoconch sculpture
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<emphasis id="6CD9D827978B939DF02F7B0D98A5BBF0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
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SEM of operculum, outer view
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<emphasis id="2789D7CDDA532909C815766DDBC64EB5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
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penis, ventral view
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<emphasis id="C7003A2C8730746E78014BBA4FEA9CE9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
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penis, dorsal view. The yellow coloration in I and J is caused by immersion in
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<normalizedToken id="0C062276338B4CD70B9EC31D9503F4E7" originalValue="Bouin’s">Bouin's</normalizedToken>
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solution, the tissues are white, unpigmented in life.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F626EFE265079952B0416C2339BF4264" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic remarks">
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<paragraph id="75461B1662E321ED27CF79CB9D63F4F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8A9DB7CA50A81F37DF0D95627E0045C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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The most recent review of
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<taxonomicName id="5218B99A6704FB9E389D32A145FE7D2A" authorityName="D.W.Tryon" authorityYear="1866" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Cochliopidae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="44910A71C33578692E4E14B039A9BFF4" author="Hershler, R" journalOrPublisher="Malacological Review Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 140" refId="B22" refString="Hershler, R, Thompson, FG, 1992. A review of the aquatic gastropod subfamily Cochliopinae (Prosobranchia: Hydrobiidae). Malacological Review Supplement 5: 1 - 140" title="A review of the aquatic gastropod subfamily Cochliopinae (Prosobranchia: Hydrobiidae)." volume="5" year="1992">Hershler and Thompson 1992</bibRefCitation>
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||
) divided the family into three subfamilies,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="142E630C198B21441A25C535A66D8E26" authorityName="Tryon" authorityYear="1866" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cochliopinae">Cochliopinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tryon, 1966,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="15EFBE1729E12ED155C67A29D1422329" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1928" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Littoridininae">Littoridininae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Thiele, 1928, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D201154EAA11382B0396F1262E70560F" authorityName="Fo.Giusti & Pezzoli" authorityYear="1980" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Semisalsinae">Semisalsinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Giusti & Pezzoli, 1980 largely distinguished by glandular features of the male reproductive anatomy, including
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FEBE5420A463C91D16DD2E6AE2E97251" originalValue="“Tribe”">"Tribe"</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F0B149A10EFA7F4E19E08E01FF3A2441" authorityName="W.Stimpson" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Heleobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heleobia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="74ED3191314E4DFC8F26202C4ADF5E67" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heleobia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Thompson, 1968 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4CE12F608AB44D03C300AA2A6B5E702A" author="Hershler, R" journalOrPublisher="Malacological Review Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 140" refId="B22" refString="Hershler, R, Thompson, FG, 1992. A review of the aquatic gastropod subfamily Cochliopinae (Prosobranchia: Hydrobiidae). Malacological Review Supplement 5: 1 - 140" title="A review of the aquatic gastropod subfamily Cochliopinae (Prosobranchia: Hydrobiidae)." volume="5" year="1992">Hershler and Thompson 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="91523DB2D09CD24616CD06F8A10BF9E8" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.2001.0988" author="Liu, H-P" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="17 - 25" refId="B33" refString="Liu, H-P, Hershler, R, Thompson, FG, 2001. Phylogenetic relationships of the Cochliopinae (Rissooidea: Hydrobiidae): an enigmatic group of aquatic gastropods. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 21: 17 - 25, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.2001.0988" title="Phylogenetic relationships of the Cochliopinae (Rissooidea: Hydrobiidae): an enigmatic group of aquatic gastropods." url="https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.2001.0988" volume="21" year="2001">Liu et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) diagnosed by apocrine penial glands.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4DF14894EAA088CE7A9D66A9FA9EFE81" authorityName="Tryon" authorityYear="1866" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cochliopinae">Cochliopinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="74FE324DB4F9CC9E0D3D9DCFCAF70E6D" authorityName="J.P.E.Morrison" authorityYear="1946" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Cochliopina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cochliopina" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D00B52CB394CD1A8B3F44E2E5916898C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cochliopina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
W. Stimpson, 1865) is diagnosed by a simple, non-glandular penis with a long filament distinct from the wrinkled or folded base and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="765B375BFA0600E8F09DCD45F734BBEE" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1928" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Littoridininae">Littoridininae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="983586B38D7580248E806B7D3519B985" authorityName="Hershler & Longley" authorityYear="1986" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Stygopyrgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stygopyrgus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A5E4DF54B7ED832AEDC6CBB3A1EA0606" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stygopyrgus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="745C99BF330299402FFC18F98D0009AE" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Pyrgophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pyrgophorus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBBC96608A2DEDACD533A287530427F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pyrgophorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CFE12BFF1E1F276A4602A984F1478065" authorityName="D.W.Taylor" authorityYear="1966" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Mexipyrgus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mexipyrgus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="144FDC7112E4D0EDB34D7A0D87167EC1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mexipyrgus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A4AC3360B0472D3B600EF8286CE794AA" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Tryonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tryonia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C17192311F01E7405C7A6D99CB3464F7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tryonia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is characterized by a long sperm duct and often with numerous glandular papillae. A subsequent molecular phylogenetic analysis broadly supported these groupings (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6C53EC4B3C7C563754B2ADBAC6C17849" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.2001.0988" author="Liu, H-P" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="17 - 25" refId="B33" refString="Liu, H-P, Hershler, R, Thompson, FG, 2001. Phylogenetic relationships of the Cochliopinae (Rissooidea: Hydrobiidae): an enigmatic group of aquatic gastropods. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 21: 17 - 25, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.2001.0988" title="Phylogenetic relationships of the Cochliopinae (Rissooidea: Hydrobiidae): an enigmatic group of aquatic gastropods." url="https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.2001.0988" volume="21" year="2001">Liu et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="6FD9545280CEE61841D1BF947208A217" doi="10.3897/subtbiol.47.113186.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/947272" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph id="F36B7CAEE66772F0ACD97449EAD552EF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="3AF820A4DFF1C98F1D73FB720940D9B1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
SEM of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A371FD274BAD2C0CC8BFEDB6256E0230" authorityName="Perez & Guerrero" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Vitropyrgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vitropyrgus lillianae" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lillianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="D96349BD8CA3C3838EA7584230A3702E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vitropyrgus lillianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gen. et sp. nov. radula
|
||
<emphasis id="7ECEF40E4EB5902503139654FB9CBC3C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
view of central radula teeth
|
||
<emphasis id="7D9E897E42DE329F0DA661459873C4DC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
radula ribbon showing details of inner and outer marginals
|
||
<emphasis id="13A71E1D4D4B127FDCAFEA58489D6D69" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
outer marginal teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="13C6211BF97648D07F622719F4166AB6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
We do not attempt to place this genus among the subfamilies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8AB97A124DB5380C0F854CE61F544B07" authorityName="D.W.Tryon" authorityYear="1866" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Cochliopidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The COI phylogeny has limited resolution at this level, we have limited sampling in LSU for placement among subfamilies. The COI tree places
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C57B2A83F601834BF4BC958E98E2DAB2" authorityName="Perez & Guerrero" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Vitropyrgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vitropyrgus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3A7575C47B5D56938C1EB7ABFD1C95C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vitropyrgus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
close (with no support) to a clade that included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65D8013CE56CBF98FEA400978559D021" authorityName="W.Stimpson" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Heleobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heleobia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B2DC7C8ADF3DDC03A15B417DF4ABF11F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heleobia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6E8F3607BF33E2AD50C39598D1491B57" authorityName="Fo.Giusti & Pezzoli" authorityYear="1980" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Semisalsinae">Semisalsinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5917777CE21BCC2C512A38CF0FE6961A" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Onobops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Onobops" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5FF6E744C233D13F49DCBF10FA4EDACE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Onobops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02FFA30A715BDE7772626EAC36A4F02D" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Littoridinae">Littoridinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CBD792F739E45EB5D13E12AB99A0E5CD" authorityName="Fo.Giusti & Pezzoli" authorityYear="1980" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Semisalsinae">Semisalsinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are diagnosed by penial papillae or apocrine glands (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E887BB1640C37647E9B4BED35C8581A1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.2001.0988" author="Liu, H-P" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="17 - 25" refId="B33" refString="Liu, H-P, Hershler, R, Thompson, FG, 2001. Phylogenetic relationships of the Cochliopinae (Rissooidea: Hydrobiidae): an enigmatic group of aquatic gastropods. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 21: 17 - 25, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.2001.0988" title="Phylogenetic relationships of the Cochliopinae (Rissooidea: Hydrobiidae): an enigmatic group of aquatic gastropods." url="https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.2001.0988" volume="21" year="2001">Liu et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5046B27960B1543D79074A2E080DB68D" authorityName="Perez & Guerrero" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Vitropyrgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vitropyrgus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7357AA9CE5CA1A011F3370181E20145" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vitropyrgus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="74900A19980FF202BB3D90B83E7D54A3" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Onobops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Onobops" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6908B3DD550F5DC6B88FDB24716E5909" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Onobops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of several cochliopid genera that have a simple penis with no papillae or apocrine glands, resembling
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFFD91F9C16EE872CACB664531860C63" authorityName="Perez & Guerrero" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Vitropyrgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vitropyrgus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A38EF696106F664A48BC7A6FF79F2D46" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vitropyrgus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C44C6040F31AB4B720FC72AE4C7F6923" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Onobops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Onobops" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B462290221A9C86691D4FB00BF7DCDD4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Onobops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are epigean, brackish water species from North America. The subfamily placement of this genus is best defined as uncertain along with many other genera in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="62C5AF6494A6384F0E9D73117BD2EA36" authorityName="D.W.Tryon" authorityYear="1866" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Cochliopidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9923D9963AAA67C6A6900DDF9EC8BBBB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1C0EB30FE828FF17057D9A5E94DCDE8B" authorityName="Perez & Guerrero" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Vitropyrgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vitropyrgus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3933578AF70661E65320A65533495CD0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vitropyrgus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is proposed as a new genus with the following rationale. First, it was found by COI and LSU phylogenies sister to epigean taxa. In the COI phylogeny,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="681A7FA5882BB3FD0C4EADAF4AAC405A" authorityName="Perez & Guerrero" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Vitropyrgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vitropyrgus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3A271F93E159104846C203F39D9A301" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vitropyrgus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most closely related to members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7E8C9F8472CE4ED44F75A6733F489FD7" authorityName="W.Stimpson" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Heleobia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heleobia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E449AE0AA1F1FA4B227BC76CEB2F1D00" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heleobia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="187DC046F9C83B9B164D8F7AE8BC4865" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Onobops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Onobops" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="00F8C98E0E4CFAD19098B58F97C9D187" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Onobops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Divergence in COI between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B00DA65A53F9B6887FF9E3C17F3FDAD" authorityName="Perez & Guerrero" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Vitropyrgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vitropyrgus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="033117C5DB8DEA09C4E8069C0CFDCABF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vitropyrgus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other members of that clade averaged 16.0% with a range from 15.5-16.6. Intergeneric comparisons in our dataset averaged 16.54% with a range from 5.19-25.37. This places the level of divergence between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EEE0DA70FBB28B2B57BD3256B973AED6" authorityName="Perez & Guerrero" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cochliopidae" genus="Vitropyrgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Vitropyrgus" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D5A14EB6AD3B96C55C033116AE213307" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vitropyrgus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its closest known relatives within the range of intergeneric divergence and just under the average for the Texas genera. In other groups of subterranean hydrobioids the range of 14.5-16.7% has been used to justify genus level distinction (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F1A9ED3594F33D30F9C750B33B852161" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zly093" author="Delicado, D" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="892 - 914" refId="B9" refString="Delicado, D, Arconada, B, Aguado, A, Ramos, MA, 2019. Multilocus phylogeny, species delimitation and biogeography of Iberian valvatiform springsnails (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae), with the description of a new genus. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 186: 892 - 914, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zly093" title="Multilocus phylogeny, species delimitation and biogeography of Iberian valvatiform springsnails (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae), with the description of a new genus." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zly093" volume="186" year="2019">Delicado et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB376B8413FDEEA83B06FFA050892D40" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/150/119-131" author="Delicado, D" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="119 - 131" refId="B10" refString="Delicado, D, Guerlek, M, 2021. Taxonomic transfer of two species of hydrobiid snails from western Anatolia (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea) to two new genera, based on molecular and morphological evidence. Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 150: 119 - 131, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/150/119-131" title="Taxonomic transfer of two species of hydrobiid snails from western Anatolia (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea) to two new genera, based on molecular and morphological evidence." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/150/119-131" volume="150" year="2021">
|
||
Delicado and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="37CC1796520A634715F9A5683001CDD5" originalValue="Gürlek">Guerlek</normalizedToken>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |