594 lines
87 KiB
XML
594 lines
87 KiB
XML
<document id="31D60C4E6FBAC097476552F78D29688D" ID-CLB-Dataset="72867" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2022.2046887" ID-GBIF-Dataset="93716e8b-7637-4345-8eaf-ecb3984baa19" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6530252" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1652081793889" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Valois, Marcely C., Silva, Fernando A. B. & Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z." docDate="2022" docId="03F487FF477E4D119BE2FEFDFB12FD35" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.56.1-4.119-147.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 56 (1 - 4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2046887" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Dichotomius globulus" docType="key" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="128" masterDocId="FFCDFF87477D4D189B42FF9DFF91FFE2" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the globulus species group of Dichotomius Hope, 1838 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)" masterLastPageNumber="147" masterPageNumber="119" pageNumber="122" updateTime="1699329890315" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="DC5B062998EF1C41A7AE3032A135BB04">A taxonomic revision of the globulus species group of Dichotomius Hope, 1838 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F2EB1A129A6313F5C0B4533CA5E97C7E">Valois, Marcely C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B3D4F461380679385068EAE44CF01CC6">Silva, Fernando A. B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E579673B714C26A9FC66628B6CF52029">Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="49DA64ECF57732E93B93682029105701">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D8A8BC183441672EE8387DDA7CFAAE48">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03F487FF477E4D119BE2FEFDFB12FD35" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6645850" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195913542" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6645850" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F487FF477E4D119BE2FEFDFB12FD35" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F487FF477E4D119BE2FEFDFB12FD35" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
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<subSubSection id="C3476562477E4D1B9BE2FEFDFEF9FE98" box="[160,360,352,378]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BE236E9477E4D1B9BE2FEFDFEF9FE98" blockId="3.[160,652,352,378]" box="[160,360,352,378]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
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<heading id="D0AA8185477E4D1B9BE2FEFDFEF9FE98" bold="true" box="[160,360,352,378]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B9BE2FEFDFEF9FE98" bold="true" box="[160,360,352,378]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Diagnosis of the</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3476562477E4D1B9A32FEFDFD1DFE98" box="[368,652,352,378]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE236E9477E4D1B9A32FEFDFD1DFE98" blockId="3.[160,652,352,378]" box="[368,652,352,378]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
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<heading id="D0AA8185477E4D1B9A32FEFDFD1DFE98" bold="true" box="[368,652,352,378]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B9A32FEFDFD1DFE98" bold="true" box="[368,652,352,378]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B9A32FEFDFE4CFE98" ID-CoL="35NBX" baseAuthorityName="Felsche" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[368,477,352,378]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulus">globulus</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B9AA7FEFDFD1DFE98" bold="true" box="[485,652,352,378]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">species group</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3476562477E4D1B9BE2FE08FF64FA5C" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE236E9477E4D1B9BE2FE08FBE9FDB9" blockId="3.[160,1157,405,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B9B98FE08FEABFE4C" baseAuthorityName="Felsche" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[218,314,405,430]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulus">
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<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B9B98FE08FEABFE4C" box="[218,314,405,430]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">globulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group belongs to the subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B99A4FE08FB8EFE4C" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1846" box="[742,1055,405,430]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Selenocopris">
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<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B99A4FE08FCE5FE4C" box="[742,884,405,430]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Dichotomius</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B98C8FE08FB87FE4C" box="[906,1046,405,430]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Selenocopris</emphasis>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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and its species share the following combination of characters: clypeal edge bidentate, clypeogenal junction rounded; ventral clypeal process usually coniform, if bladeshaped then process not bifurcated at apex; inner apical angle of protibia obtuse (>90°); sixth abdominal ventrite of female 2–3 times longer than the fifth; female pygidium without knobs or central emargination (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B18477E4D1B9843FDDFFBFAFDB9" author="Nunes RV & Vaz-de-Mello FZ" box="[769,1131,578,603]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" pagination="2231 - 2351" refId="ref15283" refString="Nunes RV, Vaz-de-Mello FZ. 2019. Taxonomic revision of Dichotomius (Cephagonus) Luederwaldt 1929 and the taxonomic status of remaining Dichotomius Hope 1838 subgenera (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Dichotomiini). J Nat Hist. 53 (37 - 38): 2231 - 2351. doi: 10.1080 / 00222933.2019. 1692088." type="journal article" year="2019">Nunes and Vaz-de-Mello 2019</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE236E9477E4D1B9B82FDF8FD30FCAC" blockId="3.[160,1157,405,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
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Within
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B9A58FDF8FDC2FD9C" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1846" box="[282,595,613,638]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Selenocopris">
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<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B9A58FDF8FE39FD9C" box="[282,424,613,638]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Dichotomius</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B9AFFFDF8FDD8FD9C" box="[445,585,613,638]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Selenocopris</emphasis>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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, species of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B985CFDF8FCEFFD9C" baseAuthorityName="Felsche" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[798,894,613,638]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulus">
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<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B985CFDF8FCEFFD9C" box="[798,894,613,638]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">globulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group are here considered closely related to the species of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B99FDFD1AFC93FD42" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[703,770,647,672]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesi">
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<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B99FDFD1AFC93FD42" box="[703,770,647,672]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">batesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group. All species in these two groups have medium body size (length:
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<quantity id="4CA59B0C477E4D1B99C0FD37FC93FD21" box="[642,770,682,707]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="11.0">11–14 mm</quantity>
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), a single conical process on the head of both sexes, pronotum covered with ocellate punctures, posterior edges of meso and metafemora with a longitudinal groove, apex of paramera weakly sclerotised (
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<figureCitation id="13662A6C477E4D1B9A7FFC8FFE3DFCC9" box="[317,428,786,811]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1113,1136]" captionTargetBox="[172,1143,152,1079]" captionTargetId="figure-135@7.[163,1153,142,1082]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Tegmen, dorsal and ventral views,respectively. (a,b) Dichotomius benesi; (c,d) D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (e,f) D. femoratus; (g,h) D. fortepunctatus; (i,j) D. gamboaensis. Scale bar: 500 µm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530260" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530260/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Figure 4</figureCitation>
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(a–j)) and bent downwards, and the ME at least with a median longitudinal fold (
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<figureCitation id="13662A6C477E4D1B9AB1FCA8FDC9FCAC" box="[499,600,821,846]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1177,1200]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,143,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-128@8.[163,1153,142,1145]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Endophallites. (a) Dichotomius benesi, endophallus with endophallites, dorsal view. Medial endophallite: (b) D. benesi; (c) D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (d,e) D. femoratus; (f) D. fortepunctatus; (g) D. gamboaensis. Accessory endophallites: (h) D. benesi; (i) D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (j) D. femoratus; (k) D. fortepunctatus; (l) D. gamboaensis. Abbreviations: FLP, fronto-lateral peripherical endophallite; A +SA, subaxial and axial endophallites; SRP, superior-right peripheral endophallite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530262/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Figure 5</figureCitation>
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(b–g)).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE236E9477E4D1B9B82FCCAFF64FA5C" blockId="3.[160,1157,405,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
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However, as defined here, species of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B99CAFCCAFD73FC92" baseAuthorityName="Felsche" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[648,738,855,880]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulus">
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<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B99CAFCCAFD73FC92" box="[648,738,855,880]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">globulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group can be distinguished from the species in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B9A79FCE7FEEBFC71" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[315,378,890,915]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesi">
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<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B9A79FCE7FEEBFC71" box="[315,378,890,915]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">batesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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groups by having the following: the pronotum with regular umbilicate ocellate punctures (except for
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B9AADFC01FDE8FC57" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[495,633,924,949]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">
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<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B9AADFC01FDE8FC57" box="[495,633,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">D. femoratus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B99F3FC01FC1DFC57" baseAuthorityName="Felsche" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[689,908,924,949]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellatopunctatus">
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<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B99F3FC01FC1DFC57" box="[689,908,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">D. ocellatopunctatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) (vs irregularly spaced in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B9BA9FC22FEBBFC3A" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[235,298,959,984]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesi">
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<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B9BA9FC22FEBBFC3A" box="[235,298,959,984]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">batesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group); surface of elytral interstriae dull, entirely shagreened or shagreened along lateral edges (
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<figureCitation id="13662A6C477E4D1B9AC1FC7FFE4EFC19" box="[387,479,994,1019]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,226,1467,1490]" captionTargetBox="[166,1149,145,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1435]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Detailed morphology of the species in the globulus group. (a) Ventral view of male, Dichotomius femoratus; (b) ventral view of male, D. gamboaensis; (c) male head, D. fortepunctatus; (d) female head, D. gamboaensis; (e) pronotum of male, D. femoratus; (f) pronotum of male, D. fortepunctatus; (g) elytral striae of male, D. fortepunctatus; (h) elytral striae (Estria) of male (ShMicro, shagreened microsculpture), D. femoratus; (i) elytral striae of male, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (j) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (k) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. femoratus; (l) female abdominal ventrites in lateral view, D. femoratus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530258/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Figure 3</figureCitation>
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(g–i)) (the
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B9913FC7FFD01FC19" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[593,656,994,1019]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesi">
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<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B9913FC7FFD01FC19" box="[593,656,994,1019]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">batesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group has the elytral interstriae smooth and finely punctate); anterior and posterior edges of metafemora almost parallel along their lengths (metafemora are slightly club-shaped in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B9999FBBAFC8BFBA2" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[731,794,1063,1088]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B9999FBBAFC8BFBA2" box="[731,794,1063,1088]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">batesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group); posterior edges of meso and metafemora with a thin longitudinal groove along their entire length (while the grooves are usually restricted to the apical half or apical third of metafemora in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B9F58FBF0FBC8FB64" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[1050,1113,1133,1158]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B9F58FBF0FBC8FB64" box="[1050,1113,1133,1158]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">batesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group); dorsal surface of paramera usually with a pre-apical longitudinal carina (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C477E4D1B9F6BFB12FB12FB4A" box="[1065,1155,1167,1192]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1113,1136]" captionTargetBox="[172,1143,152,1079]" captionTargetId="figure-135@7.[163,1153,142,1082]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Tegmen, dorsal and ventral views,respectively. (a,b) Dichotomius benesi; (c,d) D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (e,f) D. femoratus; (g,h) D. fortepunctatus; (i,j) D. gamboaensis. Scale bar: 500 µm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530260" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530260/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
(c), arrows) (while in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B9AF2FB2FFE7EFB29" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[432,495,1202,1227]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B9AF2FB2FFE7EFB29" box="[432,495,1202,1227]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">batesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, the paramera have small, laterally directed teeth in the pre-apical region); medial ME slightly longer than wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C477E4D1B987AFB48FC02FB0C" box="[824,915,1237,1262]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1177,1200]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,143,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-128@8.[163,1153,142,1145]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Endophallites. (a) Dichotomius benesi, endophallus with endophallites, dorsal view. Medial endophallite: (b) D. benesi; (c) D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (d,e) D. femoratus; (f) D. fortepunctatus; (g) D. gamboaensis. Accessory endophallites: (h) D. benesi; (i) D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (j) D. femoratus; (k) D. fortepunctatus; (l) D. gamboaensis. Abbreviations: FLP, fronto-lateral peripherical endophallite; A +SA, subaxial and axial endophallites; SRP, superior-right peripheral endophallite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530262/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
(b–g)), hook-like projections on the inferior part of ME widely separated from each other, not blade-shaped at apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C477E4D1B9BA1FA87FEAEFAD1" box="[227,319,1306,1331]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1177,1200]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,143,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-128@8.[163,1153,142,1145]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Endophallites. (a) Dichotomius benesi, endophallus with endophallites, dorsal view. Medial endophallite: (b) D. benesi; (c) D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (d,e) D. femoratus; (f) D. fortepunctatus; (g) D. gamboaensis. Accessory endophallites: (h) D. benesi; (i) D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (j) D. femoratus; (k) D. fortepunctatus; (l) D. gamboaensis. Abbreviations: FLP, fronto-lateral peripherical endophallite; A +SA, subaxial and axial endophallites; SRP, superior-right peripheral endophallite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530262/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
(b–g)), and ME with a feeble longitudinal fold restricted to its midline (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C477E4D1B9F0BFA87FF5AFAB4" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1177,1200]" captionTargetBox="[164,1149,143,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-128@8.[163,1153,142,1145]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Endophallites. (a) Dichotomius benesi, endophallus with endophallites, dorsal view. Medial endophallite: (b) D. benesi; (c) D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (d,e) D. femoratus; (f) D. fortepunctatus; (g) D. gamboaensis. Accessory endophallites: (h) D. benesi; (i) D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (j) D. femoratus; (k) D. fortepunctatus; (l) D. gamboaensis. Abbreviations: FLP, fronto-lateral peripherical endophallite; A +SA, subaxial and axial endophallites; SRP, superior-right peripheral endophallite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530262/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||
(b–g)) (in species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B9A97FAA0FD85FAB4" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[469,532,1341,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B9A97FAA0FD85FAB4" box="[469,532,1341,1366]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">batesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, the ME is twice longer than wide, the hook-like projections are close to each other and blade-shaped at the apex, and the lateral edges and the midline of ME are produced into well-developed longitudinal folds along its entire length).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3476562477E4D119BE2FA77FB12FD35" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E9477E4D1B9BE2FA77FDBCF9E1" blockId="3.[160,557,1514,1539]" box="[160,557,1514,1539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B9BE2FA77FEEFF9E1" box="[160,382,1514,1539]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Key to species of the</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477E4D1B9AC7FA77FE77F9E1" ID-CoL="35NBX" baseAuthorityName="Felsche" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[389,486,1514,1539]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulus">globulus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477E4D1B9AAFFA77FDBCF9E1" box="[493,557,1514,1539]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">group</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<key id="FFCC61D8477E4D119BE2F9B0FB12FD35" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<keyStep id="30A92E4C477E4D1B9BE2F9B0FB12F922" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E9477E4D1B9BE2F9B0FB12F98A" blockId="3.[160,1155,1581,1640]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC477E4D1B9BE2F9B0FB12F98A" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
|
||
1 – Pronotal punctures irregularly spaced, separated by at least their diameter on disc (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C477E4D1B9B9AF9D2FEA5F98A" box="[216,308,1615,1640]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,226,1467,1490]" captionTargetBox="[166,1149,145,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1435]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Detailed morphology of the species in the globulus group. (a) Ventral view of male, Dichotomius femoratus; (b) ventral view of male, D. gamboaensis; (c) male head, D. fortepunctatus; (d) female head, D. gamboaensis; (e) pronotum of male, D. femoratus; (f) pronotum of male, D. fortepunctatus; (g) elytral striae of male, D. fortepunctatus; (h) elytral striae (Estria) of male (ShMicro, shagreened microsculpture), D. femoratus; (i) elytral striae of male, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (j) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (k) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. femoratus; (l) female abdominal ventrites in lateral view, D. femoratus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530258/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(e)) ............................................................................................................................................. 2
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E9477E4D1B9BE2F918FB12F922" blockId="3.[160,1155,1669,1728]" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC477E4D1B9BE2F918FB12F922" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">
|
||
1’ – Pronotal punctures umbilicate, equally spaced, separated by less than their diameter on disc (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C477E4D1B9A29F93AFE59F922" box="[363,456,1703,1728]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,226,1467,1490]" captionTargetBox="[166,1149,145,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1435]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Detailed morphology of the species in the globulus group. (a) Ventral view of male, Dichotomius femoratus; (b) ventral view of male, D. gamboaensis; (c) male head, D. fortepunctatus; (d) female head, D. gamboaensis; (e) pronotum of male, D. femoratus; (f) pronotum of male, D. fortepunctatus; (g) elytral striae of male, D. fortepunctatus; (h) elytral striae (Estria) of male (ShMicro, shagreened microsculpture), D. femoratus; (i) elytral striae of male, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (j) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (k) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. femoratus; (l) female abdominal ventrites in lateral view, D. femoratus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530258/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="122">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(f)).................................................................................................................... 3
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30A92E4C47794D1C9BE2FF13FB12FE2D" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E947794D1C9BE2FF13FB15FEED" blockId="4.[160,1156,142,271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC47794D1C9BE2FF13FB15FEED" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">
|
||
2 – Surface of elytral interstriae shinning at centre and shagreened along the lateral portions, near striae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C47794D1C9A81FF2CFDB3FF28" box="[451,546,177,202]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,226,1467,1490]" captionTargetBox="[166,1149,145,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1435]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Detailed morphology of the species in the globulus group. (a) Ventral view of male, Dichotomius femoratus; (b) ventral view of male, D. gamboaensis; (c) male head, D. fortepunctatus; (d) female head, D. gamboaensis; (e) pronotum of male, D. femoratus; (f) pronotum of male, D. fortepunctatus; (g) elytral striae of male, D. fortepunctatus; (h) elytral striae (Estria) of male (ShMicro, shagreened microsculpture), D. femoratus; (i) elytral striae of male, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (j) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (k) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. femoratus; (l) female abdominal ventrites in lateral view, D. femoratus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530258/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(h), ShMicro). Clypeofrontal region of both sexes with a central knob. Male pronotum with a distinct anterior declivity at centre (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C47794D1C9F43FF4EFBC7FF0E" box="[1025,1110,211,236]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1665,1688]" captionTargetBox="[195,1140,661,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-144@4.[163,1153,646,1634]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Dorsal habitus of male. (a) Dichotomius benesi; (b) D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (c) D. femoratus; (d) D. fortepunctatus; (e) D. gamboaensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530254/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
(c)).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A767947794D1C9B92FF6BFEBBFEED" box="[208,298,246,271]" name="Panama" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A767947794D1C9A21FF6BFE44FEED" box="[355,469,246,271]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
.................... ....................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47794D1C9986FF6BFBEFFEED" ID-CoL="35NBN" authority="Howden and Young, 1981" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[708,1150,246,271]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47794D1C9986FF6BFCC0FEED" box="[708,849,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">D. femoratus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B1847794D1C981AFF6BFBEFFEED" author="Howden H & Young OP" box="[856,1150,246,271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" pagination="1 - 204" refId="ref14900" refString="Howden H, Young OP. 1981. Panamanian Scarabaeinae: taxonomy, distributio, and habits (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Contrib Am Entomol Inst. 18 (1): 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1981">Howden and Young, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E947794D1C9BE2FEB6FB12FE2D" blockId="4.[160,1155,299,463]" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC47794D1C9BE2FEB6FB12FE2D" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">
|
||
2’ – Surface of elytral interstriae completely shagreened. Clypeofrontal region of both sexes lacking cephalic process or with a very low central knob (fig. 2(a) in Vaz-de-Mello and Nunes 2016). Male pronotum with a feeble anterior declivity (fig. 2(a) in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B1847794D1C9B92FE0EFDB0FE4E" author="Vaz-de-Mello FZ & Nunes RV" box="[208,545,403,428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" pagination="294 - 300" refId="ref15886" refString="Vaz-de-Mello FZ, Nunes RV. 2016. New species, redescription and taxonomic notes in the Dichotomius (Selenocopris) batesi (Harold) species-group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Zootaxa. 4139 (2): 294 - 300." type="journal article" year="2016">Vaz-de-Mello and Nunes 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Known only from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A767947794D1C9842FE0EFCF8FE4E" box="[768,873,403,428]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
................................................. ................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47794D1C99B2FE2BFBEEFE2D" ID-CoL="35NCL" authority="(Felsche, 1901)" baseAuthorityName="Felsche" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[752,1151,438,463]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellatopunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47794D1C99B2FE2BFC41FE2D" box="[752,976,438,463]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">D. ocellatopunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B1847794D1C989FFE2BFBE7FE2D" author="Felsche C" box="[989,1142,438,463]" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" pagination="135 - 155" refId="ref14803" refString="Felsche C. 1901. Beschreibungen coprophager Scarabaeiden. Detsch Entomol Z. 2: 135 - 155." type="journal article" year="1901">Felsche, 1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E947794D1F9BE2FE76FB12FB03" blockId="4.[160,1156,491,551]" lastBlockId="7.[160,1155,1224,1249]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="126" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC47794D1F9BE2FE76FB12FB03" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="126" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<keyStep id="30A92E4C47794D1F9BE2FE76FB12FB03" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="126" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">
|
||
3 – Pronotum wider than elytra, brachypterous species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C47794D1C986EFE76FC14FDE6" box="[812,901,491,516]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1665,1688]" captionTargetBox="[195,1140,661,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-144@4.[163,1153,646,1634]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Dorsal habitus of male. (a) Dichotomius benesi; (b) D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (c) D. femoratus; (d) D. fortepunctatus; (e) D. gamboaensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530254/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
(a)). Known only from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A767947794D1C9B92FD93FEBBFDC5" box="[208,298,526,551]" name="Panama" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Santa Fé).................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47794D1C99FFFD93FC8EFDC5" ID-CoL="35NB9" authorityName="Vaz-de-Mello & Nunes" authorityYear="2016" box="[701,799,526,551]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47794D1C99FFFD93FC8EFDC5" box="[701,799,526,551]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">D. benesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B1847794D1C9865FD93FBEFFDC5" author="Vaz-de-Mello FZ & Nunes RV" box="[807,1150,526,551]" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" pagination="294 - 300" refId="ref15886" refString="Vaz-de-Mello FZ, Nunes RV. 2016. New species, redescription and taxonomic notes in the Dichotomius (Selenocopris) batesi (Harold) species-group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). Zootaxa. 4139 (2): 294 - 300." type="journal article" year="2016">Vaz-de-Mello and Nunes, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. 3’ – Pronotum as wide as elytra, macropterous species................................................................ 4
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF22666147794D1C9BE2F91CFDA5F954" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530254" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6530254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530254/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" startId="4.[160,225,1665,1688]" targetBox="[195,1140,661,1606]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E947794D1C9BE2F91CFDA5F954" blockId="4.[160,1155,1665,1718]" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47794D1C9BE2F91CFF6BF97A" bold="true" box="[160,250,1665,1688]" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal habitus of male. (a)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47794D1C9949F91CFD54F97A" ID-CoL="35NB9" authorityName="Vaz-de-Mello & Nunes" authorityYear="2016" box="[523,709,1665,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47794D1C9949F91CFD54F97A" box="[523,709,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">Dichotomius benesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (b)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47794D1C99B1F91CFC14F97A" ID-CoL="999KT" authority="Valois & Silva & Vaz-de-Mello, 2022" authorityName="Valois & Silva & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[755,901,1665,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berthalutzae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47794D1C99B1F91CFC14F97A" box="[755,901,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">D. berthalutzae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A578047794D1C98CEF91CFC4AF97A" box="[908,987,1665,1688]" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; (c)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47794D1C9F41F91CFBEFF97A" ID-CoL="35NBN" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[1027,1150,1665,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47794D1C9F41F91CFBEFF97A" box="[1027,1150,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">D. femoratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (d)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47794D1C9B80F902FEF9F954" ID-CoL="6VLCD" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[194,360,1695,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fortepunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47794D1C9B80F902FEF9F954" box="[194,360,1695,1718]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">D. fortepunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (e)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47794D1C9AD7F902FDA1F954" ID-CoL="35NBT" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[405,560,1695,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gamboaensis">D. gamboaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF22666147784D1D9BE2FA7CFED5F98F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530256" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6530256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530256/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" startId="5.[160,225,1505,1528]" targetBox="[169,1149,142,1472]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E947784D1D9BE2FA7CFED5F98F" blockId="5.[160,1156,1505,1645]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47784D1D9BE2FA7CFF68FA1A" bold="true" box="[160,249,1505,1528]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotypes.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47784D1D9A2CFA7CFDBAFA1A" ID-CoL="35NBH" authorityName="Kohlmann and Solis" authorityYear="1997" box="[366,555,1505,1528]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danieli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47784D1D9A2CFA7CFDBAFA1A" box="[366,555,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">Dichotomius danieli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male: (a,b) Dorsal and ventral views; (c) labels; (d–f) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47784D1D9AB9FA63FDA8F9F7" ID-CoL="35NBM" authorityName="Kohlmann and Solis" authorityYear="1997" box="[507,569,1534,1557]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="favi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47784D1D9AB9FA63FDA8F9F7" box="[507,569,1534,1557]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">D. favi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male: (g,h) dorsal and ventral views; (i) labels; (j–l) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47784D1D9941F981FDF8F9D1" ID-CoL="35NCT" authorityName="Kohlmann and Solis" authorityYear="1997" box="[515,617,1564,1587]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rodrigoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47784D1D9941F981FDF8F9D1" box="[515,617,1564,1587]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">D. rodrigoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male: (m,n) dorsal and ventral views; (o) labels; (p–r) tegmen in dorsal, ventral view and lateral views. Lectotype
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47784D1D99B3F9A4FCCCF9B2" ID-CoL="35NBX" baseAuthorityName="Felsche" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[753,861,1593,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47784D1D99B3F9A4FCCCF9B2" box="[753,861,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">D. globulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male: (s,t) dorsal and ventral views; (u) labels.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF226661477B4D1E9BE2FA26FBFFF960" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530258" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6530258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530258/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" startId="6.[160,226,1467,1490]" targetBox="[166,1149,145,1432]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E9477B4D1E9BE2FA26FBFFF960" blockId="6.[160,1157,1467,1666]" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477B4D1E9BE2FA26FF6EFA30" bold="true" box="[160,255,1467,1490]" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Detailed morphology of the species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477B4D1E9997FA26FCB6FA30" ID-CoL="35NBX" baseAuthorityName="Felsche" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[725,807,1467,1490]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477B4D1E9997FA26FCB6FA30" box="[725,807,1467,1490]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">globulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. (a) Ventral view of male,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477B4D1E9BE2FA45FE11FA0D" ID-CoL="35NBN" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[160,384,1496,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477B4D1E9BE2FA45FE11FA0D" box="[160,384,1496,1519]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">Dichotomius femoratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (b) ventral view of male,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477B4D1E99D1FA45FCBFFA0D" ID-CoL="35NBT" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[659,814,1496,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gamboaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477B4D1E99D1FA45FCBFFA0D" box="[659,814,1496,1519]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">D. gamboaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (c) male head,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477B4D1E9894FA45FBEFFA0D" ID-CoL="6VLCD" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[982,1150,1496,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fortepunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477B4D1E9894FA45FBEFFA0D" box="[982,1150,1496,1519]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">D. fortepunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (d) female head,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477B4D1E9A19FA6BFE6DF9EF" ID-CoL="35NBT" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[347,508,1526,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gamboaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477B4D1E9A19FA6BFE6DF9EF" box="[347,508,1526,1549]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">D. gamboaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (e) pronotum of male,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477B4D1E9844FA6BFC18F9EF" ID-CoL="35NBN" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[774,905,1526,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477B4D1E9844FA6BFC18F9EF" box="[774,905,1526,1549]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">D. femoratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (f) pronotum of male,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477B4D1E9BE2F98EFEDFF9C8" ID-CoL="6VLCD" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[160,334,1555,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fortepunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477B4D1E9BE2F98EFEDFF9C8" box="[160,334,1555,1578]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">D. fortepunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (g) elytral striae of male,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477B4D1E9930F98EFCB1F9C8" ID-CoL="6VLCD" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[626,800,1555,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fortepunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477B4D1E9930F98EFCB1F9C8" box="[626,800,1555,1578]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">D. fortepunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (h) elytral striae (Estria) of male (ShMicro, shagreened microsculpture),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477B4D1E996DF9ADFD3EF9A5" ID-CoL="35NBN" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[559,687,1584,1607]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477B4D1E996DF9ADFD3EF9A5" box="[559,687,1584,1607]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">D. femoratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (i) elytral striae of male,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477B4D1E9887F9ADFBCDF9A5" ID-CoL="999KT" authority="Valois & Silva & Vaz-de-Mello, 2022" authorityName="Valois & Silva & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[965,1116,1584,1607]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berthalutzae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477B4D1E9887F9ADFBCDF9A5" box="[965,1116,1584,1607]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">D. berthalutzae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A5780477B4D1E9F2AF9ADFF5CF987" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; (j) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477B4D1E99F4F9D3FCDFF987" ID-CoL="999KT" authority="Valois & Silva & Vaz-de-Mello, 2022" authorityName="Valois & Silva & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[694,846,1614,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berthalutzae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477B4D1E99F4F9D3FCDFF987" box="[694,846,1614,1637]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">D. berthalutzae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A5780477B4D1E981BF9D3FC3CF987" box="[857,941,1614,1637]" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; (k) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view,
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477B4D1E9AD9F9F6FD8DF960" box="[411,540,1643,1666]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477B4D1E9AD9F9F6FD87F960" ID-CoL="35NBN" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[411,534,1643,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">D. femoratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(l) female abdominal ventrites in lateral view,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477B4D1E98AEF9F6FBFBF960" ID-CoL="35NBN" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[1004,1130,1643,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">D. femoratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF226661477A4D1F9BE2FBC4FB9EFB6F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530260" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6530260" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530260/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="126" startId="7.[160,225,1113,1136]" targetBox="[172,1143,152,1079]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E9477A4D1F9BE2FBC4FB9EFB6F" blockId="7.[160,1155,1113,1165]" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477A4D1F9BE2FBC4FF68FB92" bold="true" box="[160,249,1113,1136]" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Tegmen, dorsal and ventral views, respectively. (a,b)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477A4D1F99BDFBC4FC29FB92" ID-CoL="35NB9" authorityName="Vaz-de-Mello & Nunes" authorityYear="2016" box="[767,952,1113,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477A4D1F99BDFBC4FC29FB92" box="[767,952,1113,1136]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">Dichotomius benesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (c,d)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477A4D1F98B0FBC4FB12FB92" ID-CoL="999KT" authority="Valois & Silva & Vaz-de-Mello, 2022" authorityName="Valois & Silva & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[1010,1155,1113,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berthalutzae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477A4D1F98B0FBC4FB12FB92" box="[1010,1155,1113,1136]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">D. berthalutzae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A5780477A4D1F9BE2FBEBFF61FB6F" box="[160,240,1142,1165]" pageId="7" pageNumber="126" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; (e,f)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477A4D1F9A67FBEBFE30FB6F" ID-CoL="35NBN" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[293,417,1142,1165]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477A4D1F9A67FBEBFE30FB6F" box="[293,417,1142,1165]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">D. femoratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (g,h)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477A4D1F9AA3FBEBFD16FB6F" ID-CoL="6VLCD" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[481,647,1142,1165]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fortepunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477A4D1F9AA3FBEBFD16FB6F" box="[481,647,1142,1165]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">D. fortepunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (i,j)
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477A4D1F99FBFBEBFCC9FB6F" box="[697,856,1142,1165]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477A4D1F99FBFBEBFCC5FB6F" ID-CoL="35NBT" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[697,852,1142,1165]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gamboaensis">D. gamboaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Scale bar: 500 µm
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<keyStep id="30A92E4C477A4D1F9BE2FB60FB12F9F9" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E9477A4D1F9BE2FB60FB12FA9C" blockId="7.[160,1155,1277,1406]" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC477A4D1F9BE2FB60FB12FA9C" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">
|
||
4 – Surface of head densely covered with ocellate punctures larger than those on central portion of pronotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C477A4D1F9A88FABDFDB7FADB" box="[458,550,1312,1337]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,226,1467,1490]" captionTargetBox="[166,1149,145,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1435]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Detailed morphology of the species in the globulus group. (a) Ventral view of male, Dichotomius femoratus; (b) ventral view of male, D. gamboaensis; (c) male head, D. fortepunctatus; (d) female head, D. gamboaensis; (e) pronotum of male, D. femoratus; (f) pronotum of male, D. fortepunctatus; (g) elytral striae of male, D. fortepunctatus; (h) elytral striae (Estria) of male (ShMicro, shagreened microsculpture), D. femoratus; (i) elytral striae of male, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (j) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (k) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. femoratus; (l) female abdominal ventrites in lateral view, D. femoratus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530258/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(c)). Surface of elytral interstriae covered with opaque shagreened microsculpture; medial portion of interstriae with small, smooth dots appearing as pinpricks (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C477A4D1F9A9FFAF8FDABFA9C" box="[477,570,1381,1406]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,226,1467,1490]" captionTargetBox="[166,1149,145,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1435]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Detailed morphology of the species in the globulus group. (a) Ventral view of male, Dichotomius femoratus; (b) ventral view of male, D. gamboaensis; (c) male head, D. fortepunctatus; (d) female head, D. gamboaensis; (e) pronotum of male, D. femoratus; (f) pronotum of male, D. fortepunctatus; (g) elytral striae of male, D. fortepunctatus; (h) elytral striae (Estria) of male (ShMicro, shagreened microsculpture), D. femoratus; (i) elytral striae of male, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (j) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (k) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. femoratus; (l) female abdominal ventrites in lateral view, D. femoratus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530258/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(g)).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A7679477A4D1F992EFAF8FD56FA9C" box="[620,711,1381,1406]" name="Ecuador" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A477A4D1F9998FAF8FBEEFA9C" ID-CoL="6VLCD" authority="(Luederwaldt, 1923)" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[730,1151,1381,1406]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fortepunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB477A4D1F9998FAF8FC06FA9C" box="[730,919,1381,1406]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">D. fortepunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B18477A4D1F98E6FAF8FBE7FA9C" author="Luederwaldt H" box="[932,1142,1381,1406]" pageId="7" pageNumber="126" pagination="3 - 13" refId="ref15084" refString="Luederwaldt H. 1923. Neue Pinotus-Arden. Rev. Mus. Paul., Tomo. XIV: 3 - 13." type="book chapter" year="1923">Luederwaldt, 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E9477A4D1F9BE2FA07FB12F9F9" blockId="7.[160,1155,1434,1563]" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC477A4D1F9BE2FA07FB12F9F9" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">
|
||
4’ – Surface of head densely covered with ocellate punctures as large as those on the central portion of pronotum. Surface of elytral interstriae covered with barely shiny shagreened microsculpture; medial portion with dense shiny and smooth dots (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C477A4D1F9B92F99FFEBEF9F9" box="[208,303,1538,1563]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,226,1467,1490]" captionTargetBox="[166,1149,145,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1435]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Detailed morphology of the species in the globulus group. (a) Ventral view of male, Dichotomius femoratus; (b) ventral view of male, D. gamboaensis; (c) male head, D. fortepunctatus; (d) female head, D. gamboaensis; (e) pronotum of male, D. femoratus; (f) pronotum of male, D. fortepunctatus; (g) elytral striae of male, D. fortepunctatus; (h) elytral striae (Estria) of male (ShMicro, shagreened microsculpture), D. femoratus; (i) elytral striae of male, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (j) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (k) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. femoratus; (l) female abdominal ventrites in lateral view, D. femoratus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530258/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(i))................................................................................................................................................ 5
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30A92E4C477A4D1F9BE2F9A5FB12F964" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E9477A4D1F9BE2F9A5FB12F9B3" blockId="7.[160,1155,1592,1617]" box="[160,1155,1592,1617]" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC477A4D1F9BE2F9A5FB12F9B3" box="[160,1155,1592,1617]" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">
|
||
5 – Species from Central America (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C477A4D1F9968F9A5FD17F9B3" box="[554,646,1592,1617]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1704,1727]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,1194,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-255@9.[163,1153,1194,1672]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of species of the globulus group." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530264/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
)..................................................................................... 6
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E9477A4D1F9BE2F9F0FB12F964" blockId="7.[160,1155,1645,1670]" box="[160,1155,1645,1670]" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC477A4D1F9BE2F9F0FB12F964" box="[160,1155,1645,1670]" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">
|
||
5’ – Species from South America (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C477A4D1F995EF9F0FDE9F964" box="[540,632,1645,1670]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1704,1727]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,1194,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-255@9.[163,1153,1194,1672]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Known distribution of species of the globulus group." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530264/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="126">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||
)........................................................................................ 9
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<caption id="DF22666147754D109BE2FB04FC5BFAC7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6530262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530262/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" startId="8.[160,225,1177,1200]" targetBox="[164,1149,143,1139]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E947754D109BE2FB04FC5BFAC7" blockId="8.[160,1156,1177,1317]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47754D109BE2FB04FF6AFB52" bold="true" box="[160,251,1177,1200]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Endophallites. (a)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47754D109AF4FB04FDE0FB52" ID-CoL="35NB9" authorityName="Vaz-de-Mello & Nunes" authorityYear="2016" box="[438,625,1177,1200]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47754D109AF4FB04FDE0FB52" box="[438,625,1177,1200]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Dichotomius benesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, endophallus with endophallites, dorsal view. Medial endophallite: (b)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47754D109A0DFB2BFE39FB2F" ID-CoL="35NB9" authorityName="Vaz-de-Mello & Nunes" authorityYear="2016" box="[335,424,1206,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47754D109A0DFB2BFE39FB2F" box="[335,424,1206,1229]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">D. benesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (c)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47754D109A9AFB2BFDFCFB2F" ID-CoL="999KT" authority="Valois & Silva & Vaz-de-Mello, 2022" authorityName="Valois & Silva & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[472,621,1206,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berthalutzae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47754D109A9AFB2BFDFCFB2F" box="[472,621,1206,1229]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">D. berthalutzae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A578047754D109934FB2BFD56FB2F" box="[630,711,1206,1229]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; (d,e)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47754D10984AFB2BFC14FB2F" ID-CoL="35NBN" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[776,901,1206,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47754D10984AFB2BFC14FB2F" box="[776,901,1206,1229]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">D. femoratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (f)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47754D1098F0FB2BFBCBFB2F" ID-CoL="6VLCD" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[946,1114,1206,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fortepunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47754D1098F0FB2BFBCBFB2F" box="[946,1114,1206,1229]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">D. fortepunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (g)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47754D109BE2FB49FEA8FB09" ID-CoL="35NBT" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[160,313,1236,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gamboaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47754D109BE2FB49FEA8FB09" box="[160,313,1236,1259]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">D. gamboaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Accessory endophallites: (h)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47754D10991FFB49FD22FB09" ID-CoL="35NB9" authorityName="Vaz-de-Mello & Nunes" authorityYear="2016" box="[605,691,1236,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="benesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47754D10991FFB49FD22FB09" box="[605,691,1236,1259]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">D. benesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (i)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47754D10999BFB49FCFAFB09" ID-CoL="999KT" authority="Valois & Silva & Vaz-de-Mello, 2022" authorityName="Valois & Silva & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[729,875,1236,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berthalutzae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47754D10999BFB49FCFAFB09" box="[729,875,1236,1259]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">D. berthalutzae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A578047754D109830FB49FC50FB09" box="[882,961,1236,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; (j)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47754D1098A6FB49FBCFFB09" ID-CoL="35NBN" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[996,1118,1236,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47754D1098A6FB49FBCFFB09" box="[996,1118,1236,1259]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">D. femoratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (k)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47754D109BE2FB6CFED9FAEA" ID-CoL="6VLCD" baseAuthorityName="Luederwaldt" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[160,328,1265,1288]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pinotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fortepunctatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47754D109BE2FB6CFED9FAEA" box="[160,328,1265,1288]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">D. fortepunctatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (l)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47754D109A31FB6CFD9FFAEA" ID-CoL="35NBT" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[371,526,1265,1288]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gamboaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47754D109A31FB6CFD9FFAEA" box="[371,526,1265,1288]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">D. gamboaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Abbreviations: FLP, fronto-lateral peripherical endophallite; A +SA, subaxial and axial endophallites; SRP, superior-right peripheral endophallite.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<keyStep id="30A92E4C47754D109BE2FAC2FB12F9DA" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E947754D109BE2FAC2FB15FA02" blockId="8.[160,1156,1375,1504]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC47754D109BE2FAC2FB15FA02" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
|
||
6 – Clypeofrontal region of male with a central, apically emargined knob. Clypeofrontal region of female with a pair of knobs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C47754D10993FFA1FFD4BFA79" box="[637,730,1410,1435]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,226,1467,1490]" captionTargetBox="[166,1149,145,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1435]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Detailed morphology of the species in the globulus group. (a) Ventral view of male, Dichotomius femoratus; (b) ventral view of male, D. gamboaensis; (c) male head, D. fortepunctatus; (d) female head, D. gamboaensis; (e) pronotum of male, D. femoratus; (f) pronotum of male, D. fortepunctatus; (g) elytral striae of male, D. fortepunctatus; (h) elytral striae (Estria) of male (ShMicro, shagreened microsculpture), D. femoratus; (i) elytral striae of male, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (j) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (k) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. femoratus; (l) female abdominal ventrites in lateral view, D. femoratus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530258/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(d)). Dorsal surface of paramera with a pre-apical longitudinal carina as long as half the paramera length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C47754D1098BFFA38FBF2FA5C" box="[1021,1123,1445,1470]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1113,1136]" captionTargetBox="[172,1143,152,1079]" captionTargetId="figure-135@7.[163,1153,142,1082]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Tegmen, dorsal and ventral views,respectively. (a,b) Dichotomius benesi; (c,d) D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (e,f) D. femoratus; (g,h) D. fortepunctatus; (i,j) D. gamboaensis. Scale bar: 500 µm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530260" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530260/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
(i)).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A767947754D109B92FA5AFEB0FA02" box="[208,289,1479,1504]" name="Panama" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
..................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47754D1099E1FA5AFBEFFA02" ID-CoL="35NBT" authority="Howden and Young, 1981" authorityName="Howden and Young" authorityYear="1981" box="[675,1150,1479,1504]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gamboaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47754D1099E1FA5AFCC0FA02" box="[675,849,1479,1504]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">D. gamboaensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B1847754D10981AFA5AFBEFFA02" author="Howden H & Young OP" box="[856,1150,1479,1504]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" pagination="1 - 204" refId="ref14900" refString="Howden H, Young OP. 1981. Panamanian Scarabaeinae: taxonomy, distributio, and habits (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Contrib Am Entomol Inst. 18 (1): 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1981">Howden and Young, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E947754D109BE2FA60FB12F9DA" blockId="8.[160,1155,1533,1592]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC47754D109BE2FA60FB12F9DA" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
|
||
6’ – Clypeofrontal region of both sexes with an acute central knob (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C47754D1098E5FA60FC6EF9F4" box="[935,1023,1533,1558]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[160,225,1505,1528]" captionTargetBox="[169,1149,142,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-3@5.[163,1153,142,1473]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Holotypes. Dichotomius danieli, male: (a,b) Dorsal and ventral views; (c) labels; (d–f) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views; D. favi, male: (g,h) dorsal and ventral views; (i) labels; (j–l) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views. D. rodrigoi, male: (m,n) dorsal and ventral views; (o) labels; (p–r) tegmen in dorsal, ventral view and lateral views. Lectotype D. globulus, male: (s,t) dorsal and ventral views; (u) labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530256/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
(a,g)). Dorsal surface of paramera smooth or with strong pre-apical teeth (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C47754D1098D0F982FC7BF9DA" box="[914,1002,1567,1592]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[160,225,1505,1528]" captionTargetBox="[169,1149,142,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-3@5.[163,1153,142,1473]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Holotypes. Dichotomius danieli, male: (a,b) Dorsal and ventral views; (c) labels; (d–f) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views; D. favi, male: (g,h) dorsal and ventral views; (i) labels; (j–l) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views. D. rodrigoi, male: (m,n) dorsal and ventral views; (o) labels; (p–r) tegmen in dorsal, ventral view and lateral views. Lectotype D. globulus, male: (s,t) dorsal and ventral views; (u) labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530256/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
(d,p)).............. 7
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30A92E4C47754D119BE2F9C8FB12FF28" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="128" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E947754D109BE2F9C8FB15F951" blockId="8.[160,1156,1621,1715]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC47754D109BE2F9C8FB15F951" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">
|
||
7 – Male pronotum having a distinct anterior declivity medially (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C47754D1098DCF9C8FB91F98C" box="[926,1024,1621,1646]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[160,225,1505,1528]" captionTargetBox="[169,1149,142,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-3@5.[163,1153,142,1473]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Holotypes. Dichotomius danieli, male: (a,b) Dorsal and ventral views; (c) labels; (d–f) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views; D. favi, male: (g,h) dorsal and ventral views; (i) labels; (j–l) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views. D. rodrigoi, male: (m,n) dorsal and ventral views; (o) labels; (p–r) tegmen in dorsal, ventral view and lateral views. Lectotype D. globulus, male: (s,t) dorsal and ventral views; (u) labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530256/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
(m)). Dorsal surface of paramera with strong pre-apical teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C47754D1099B6F9EAFCC1F972" box="[756,848,1655,1680]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[160,225,1505,1528]" captionTargetBox="[169,1149,142,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-3@5.[163,1153,142,1473]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Holotypes. Dichotomius danieli, male: (a,b) Dorsal and ventral views; (c) labels; (d–f) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views; D. favi, male: (g,h) dorsal and ventral views; (i) labels; (j–l) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views. D. rodrigoi, male: (m,n) dorsal and ventral views; (o) labels; (p–r) tegmen in dorsal, ventral view and lateral views. Lectotype D. globulus, male: (s,t) dorsal and ventral views; (u) labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530256/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
(p)).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A767947754D10983DF9EAFC61F972" box="[895,1008,1655,1680]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4999F80B47754D1098BEF9EAFBECF972" box="[1020,1149,1655,1680]" country="Costa Rica" name="Puntarenas" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">Puntarenas</collectingRegion>
|
||
) .............................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47754D1099A2F907FBEFF951" ID-CoL="35NCT" authority="Kohlmann and Solis, 1997" authorityName="Kohlmann and Solis" authorityYear="1997" box="[736,1150,1690,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rodrigoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47754D1099A2F907FCC2F951" box="[736,851,1690,1715]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="127">D. rodrigoi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B1847754D109819F907FBEFF951" author="Kohlmann B & Solis A" box="[859,1150,1690,1715]" pageId="8" pageNumber="127" pagination="343 - 382" refId="ref14937" refString="Kohlmann B, Solis A. 1997. El genero Dichotomius en Costa Rica. Giorn. Ital. Entomol. 8: 343 - 382." type="journal article" year="1997">Kohlmann and Solís, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E947744D119BE2FF13FB12FF28" blockId="9.[160,1155,142,202]" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC47744D119BE2FF13FB12FF28" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
|
||
7’ – Male pronotum having a feeble anterior declivity medially (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C47744D1198D1FF13FC65FF45" box="[915,1012,142,167]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[160,225,1505,1528]" captionTargetBox="[169,1149,142,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-3@5.[163,1153,142,1473]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Holotypes. Dichotomius danieli, male: (a,b) Dorsal and ventral views; (c) labels; (d–f) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views; D. favi, male: (g,h) dorsal and ventral views; (i) labels; (j–l) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views. D. rodrigoi, male: (m,n) dorsal and ventral views; (o) labels; (p–r) tegmen in dorsal, ventral view and lateral views. Lectotype D. globulus, male: (s,t) dorsal and ventral views; (u) labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530256/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
(a,g)). Dorsal surface of paramera smooth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C47744D11995EFF2CFD14FF28" box="[540,645,177,202]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[160,225,1505,1528]" captionTargetBox="[169,1149,142,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-3@5.[163,1153,142,1473]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Holotypes. Dichotomius danieli, male: (a,b) Dorsal and ventral views; (c) labels; (d–f) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views; D. favi, male: (g,h) dorsal and ventral views; (i) labels; (j–l) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views. D. rodrigoi, male: (m,n) dorsal and ventral views; (o) labels; (p–r) tegmen in dorsal, ventral view and lateral views. Lectotype D. globulus, male: (s,t) dorsal and ventral views; (u) labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530256/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Figures 2</figureCitation>
|
||
(d, j))............................................................................. 8
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30A92E4C47744D119BE2FF7BFB15FE98" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E947744D119BE2FF7BFB15FEC0" blockId="9.[160,1156,230,290]" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC47744D119BE2FF7BFB15FEC0" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
|
||
8 – Elytral striae thin and deeply punctate, punctures wider than striae.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A767947744D11988CFF7BFBAEFF1D" box="[974,1087,230,255]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
............ .....................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47744D11984FFE94FBEFFEC0" ID-CoL="35NBM" authority="Kohlmann and Solis, 1997" authorityName="Kohlmann and Solis" authorityYear="1997" box="[781,1150,265,290]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="favi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47744D11984FFE94FCC2FEC0" box="[781,851,265,290]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">D. favi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B1847744D119819FE94FBEFFEC0" author="Kohlmann B & Solis A" box="[859,1150,265,290]" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" pagination="343 - 382" refId="ref14937" refString="Kohlmann B, Solis A. 1997. El genero Dichotomius en Costa Rica. Giorn. Ital. Entomol. 8: 343 - 382." type="journal article" year="1997">Kohlmann and Solís, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E947744D119BE2FEA3FB15FE98" blockId="9.[160,1156,318,378]" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC47744D119BE2FEA3FB15FE98" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
|
||
8’ – Elytral striae wide, crenulate, punctures almost as wide as striae.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A767947744D1198EBFEA3FB8AFEB5" box="[937,1051,318,343]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
.................. ...............................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47744D1199AEFEFCFBEFFE98" ID-CoL="35NBH" authority="Kohlmann and Solis, 1997" authorityName="Kohlmann and Solis" authorityYear="1997" box="[748,1150,353,378]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danieli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47744D1199AEFEFCFCC5FE98" box="[748,852,353,378]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">D. danieli</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B1847744D119819FEFCFBEFFE98" author="Kohlmann B & Solis A" box="[859,1150,353,378]" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" pagination="343 - 382" refId="ref14937" refString="Kohlmann B, Solis A. 1997. El genero Dichotomius en Costa Rica. Giorn. Ital. Entomol. 8: 343 - 382." type="journal article" year="1997">Kohlmann and Solís, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30A92E4C47744D119BE2FE0BFB12FD35" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E947744D119BE2FE0BFB15FDD8" blockId="9.[160,1156,406,570]" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC47744D119BE2FE0BFB15FDD8" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
|
||
9 – Body elongate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C47744D119A3DFE0BFE46FE4D" box="[383,471,406,431]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1665,1688]" captionTargetBox="[195,1140,661,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-144@4.[163,1153,646,1634]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Dorsal habitus of male. (a) Dichotomius benesi; (b) D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (c) D. femoratus; (d) D. fortepunctatus; (e) D. gamboaensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530254/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
(b)). Elytral striae thin, punctures wider than striae. Surface of elytral interstriae, in both sexes, covered with barely shiny shagreened microsculpture; medial portion with dense shiny and smooth dots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C47744D11987DFE46FC0CFE16" box="[831,925,475,500]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,226,1467,1490]" captionTargetBox="[166,1149,145,1432]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1435]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Detailed morphology of the species in the globulus group. (a) Ventral view of male, Dichotomius femoratus; (b) ventral view of male, D. gamboaensis; (c) male head, D. fortepunctatus; (d) female head, D. gamboaensis; (e) pronotum of male, D. femoratus; (f) pronotum of male, D. fortepunctatus; (g) elytral striae of male, D. fortepunctatus; (h) elytral striae (Estria) of male (ShMicro, shagreened microsculpture), D. femoratus; (i) elytral striae of male, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (j) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. berthalutzae sp. nov.; (k) male abdominal ventrites in ventral view, D. femoratus; (l) female abdominal ventrites in lateral view, D. femoratus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530258/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
(i)). Ventral surface of metafemora with dense coarse punctures concentrated on apical half.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A767947744D1198AFFE63FBC7FDF5" box="[1005,1110,510,535]" name="Colombia" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
....... ..........................................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47744D11983CFDBCFBB7FDD8" ID-CoL="999KT" authority="Valois & Silva & Vaz-de-Mello, 2022" authorityName="Valois & Silva & Vaz-de-Mello" authorityYear="2022" box="[894,1062,545,570]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berthalutzae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47744D11983CFDBCFBB7FDD8" box="[894,1062,545,570]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">D. berthalutzae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A578047744D119F6FFDBCFB15FDD8" box="[1069,1156,545,570]" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE236E947744D119BE2FDCBFB12FD35" blockId="9.[160,1155,598,727]" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
|
||
<keyLead id="30AC95DC47744D119BE2FDCBFB12FD35" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">
|
||
9’ – Body globose (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C47744D119A35FDCBFE43FD8D" box="[375,466,598,623]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[160,225,1505,1528]" captionTargetBox="[169,1149,142,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-3@5.[163,1153,142,1473]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Holotypes. Dichotomius danieli, male: (a,b) Dorsal and ventral views; (c) labels; (d–f) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views; D. favi, male: (g,h) dorsal and ventral views; (i) labels; (j–l) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views. D. rodrigoi, male: (m,n) dorsal and ventral views; (o) labels; (p–r) tegmen in dorsal, ventral view and lateral views. Lectotype D. globulus, male: (s,t) dorsal and ventral views; (u) labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530256/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
(s)). Elytral striae almost as wide as their punctures. Surface of elytral interstriae entirely shagreened in males; females with medial portion of elytral striae smooth. Ventral surface of metafemora densely covered with coarse punctures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13662A6C47744D119B9AFD23FEA4FD35" box="[216,309,702,727]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[160,225,1505,1528]" captionTargetBox="[169,1149,142,1472]" captionTargetId="figure-3@5.[163,1153,142,1473]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Holotypes. Dichotomius danieli, male: (a,b) Dorsal and ventral views; (c) labels; (d–f) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views; D. favi, male: (g,h) dorsal and ventral views; (i) labels; (j–l) tegmen in dorsal, ventral and lateral views. D. rodrigoi, male: (m,n) dorsal and ventral views; (o) labels; (p–r) tegmen in dorsal, ventral view and lateral views. Lectotype D. globulus, male: (s,t) dorsal and ventral views; (u) labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6530256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6530256/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
(t)).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A767947744D119A22FD23FE0DFD35" box="[352,412,702,727]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Amazonas) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34A767947744D119922FD23FD02FD35" box="[608,659,702,727]" name="Peru" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Iquitos)....... .......
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D6A47744D119814FD23FBEEFD35" ID-CoL="35NBX" authority="(Felsche, 1901)" baseAuthorityName="Felsche" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[854,1151,702,727]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichotomius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="globulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B929EAFB47744D119814FD23FC41FD35" box="[854,976,702,727]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="128">D. globulus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B1847744D11989FFD23FBE7FD35" author="Felsche C" box="[989,1142,702,727]" pageId="9" pageNumber="128" pagination="135 - 155" refId="ref14803" refString="Felsche C. 1901. Beschreibungen coprophager Scarabaeiden. Detsch Entomol Z. 2: 135 - 155." type="journal article" year="1901">Felsche, 1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |