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<document id="50954C6BBE79F2D92E90B998B7B65854" ID-CLB-Dataset="31761" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4338.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="26f58d19-4735-470a-a8c7-f9b5cea8a1d6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1035558" ID-ZooBank="398F004C-B562-415B-916D-DBA32EF0F88E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1508827121455" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pérez, Damián E. &amp; Del Río, Claudia J." docDate="2017" docId="03F4878BB817B47DFF687512FB3BFAE6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4338.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4338 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Kolmeris Pérez &amp; Del Río 2017, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="68" masterDocId="FFCDFFF3B807B46CFFFF7221FF70FF9E" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the family Carditidae (Bivalvia: Archiheterodonta) in the Cenozoic of Argentina" masterLastPageNumber="84" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="67" updateTime="1698470132125" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="F3D39668513AA2AAF3E28792892B4390">Systematics of the family Carditidae (Bivalvia: Archiheterodonta) in the Cenozoic of Argentina</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AAA9CF69A8578B010591580F45111BEC">Pérez, Damián E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1576A99134B43E49668511250A0CE1EB">Del Río, Claudia J.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03F4878BB817B47DFF687512FB3BFAE6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6030275" ID-GBIF-Taxon="135465209" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6030275" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F4878BB817B47DFF687512FB3BFAE6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F4878BB817B47DFF687512FB3BFAE6" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="16" pageNumber="67">
<subSubSection id="C3476516B817B47CFF687512FE93F8D3" box="[151,483,1843,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE2369DB817B47CFF687512FE93F8D3" blockId="16.[151,483,1843,1869]" box="[151,483,1843,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="67">
<heading id="D0AA81F1B817B47CFF687512FE93F8D3" bold="true" box="[151,483,1843,1869]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="67" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB817B47CFF687512FE93F8D3" bold="true" box="[151,483,1843,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="67">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB817B47CFF117512FE2BF8D3" authority="Pérez &amp; Del Río, 2017" authorityName="Pérez &amp; Del Río" authorityYear="2017" box="[238,347,1843,1869]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Kolmeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="67" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB817B47CFF117512FE2BF8D3" bold="true" box="[238,347,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="67">Kolmeris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A57F4B817B47CFE9D7512FE93F8D3" box="[354,483,1843,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="67" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3476516B817B47CFF687558FC7BF828" pageId="16" pageNumber="67" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE2369DB817B47CFF687558FC7BF828" blockId="16.[151,1436,1913,2010]" pageId="16" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB817B47CFF687558FE49F80C" bold="true" box="[151,313,1913,1938]" pageId="16" pageNumber="67">Type species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB817B47CFEB77558FC6CF80C" authority="Ihering, 1907" authorityName="Ihering-Ihering" authorityYear="1907" box="[328,796,1913,1938]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Venericardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditida" pageId="16" pageNumber="67" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tehuelchana">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB817B47CFEB77558FD1FF80C" box="[328,623,1913,1938]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="67">Venericardia tehuelchana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB817B47CFD827558FC6CF80C" author="Ihering" box="[637,796,1913,1938]" pageId="16" pageNumber="67" refString="Ihering, H. von (1907) Les Mollusques fossiles du Tertiaire et du Cretace superieur de l'Argentine. Anales del Museo Nacional Buenos Aires, Serie 3, 7, 1 - 611." type="journal article" year="1907">Ihering, 1907</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(pl. 16, figs 107a–b). Surroundings of Cerro Laciar (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB817B47CFF6175BCFE32F828" author="Feruglio" box="[158,322,1949,1974]" pageId="16" pageNumber="67" refString="Feruglio, E. (1954) Alcune nuove forme di brachiopodi e molluschi del Terziario e Cretaceo superiore della Patagonia. Pubblicazioni dell' Istituto Geologico della Universita di Torino, 3, 1 - 45." type="journal article" year="1954">Feruglio 1954</bibRefCitation>
), lower Pliocene, Santa Cruz, Argentina.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3476516B817B47DFF3875E0FBFEFEFB" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="16" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE2369DB817B47DFF3875E0FD6DFF69" blockId="16.[151,1436,1913,2010]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1436,151,1400]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="16" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB817B47CFF3875E0FE31F844" bold="true" box="[199,321,1985,2010]" pageId="16" pageNumber="67">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Carditid with small (less than
<quantity id="4CA59B78B817B47CFD5475E3FD8CF847" box="[683,764,1986,2010]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
in length) and high shell with subtriangular outline and a convex dorsal margin. Left anterior tooth large and vertical, right middle tooth small and slightly inclined posteriorly. External sculpture of 9 to 15 low, smooth and flat radial ribs, widening towards the central region of the valve with wide intercostal spaces.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE2369DB816B47DFF387325FBFEFEFB" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,1400]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFF387325FEE8FE83" bold="true" box="[199,408,260,285]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Included species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFE597325FB6AFE82" authority="Marwick, 1924" authorityName="Marwick" authorityYear="1924" box="[422,1050,260,285]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Venericardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="marshalli" subGenus="Pleuromeris">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFE597325FD46FE83" box="[422,566,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Venericardia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFDB27325FDA7FE83" box="[589,727,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Pleuromeris</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFD117325FC29FE83" box="[750,857,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">marshalli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFC977325FB6AFE82" author="Marwick" box="[872,1050,260,285]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Marwick, J. (1924) Palaeontological notes on some Pliocene Mollusca from Hawke's Bay. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, 55, 191 - 202." type="journal article" year="1924">Marwick, 1924</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(upper Pliocene–Recent, Petane Clays, New Zealand),
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFE517306FC10FEDE" authority="Powell, 1938" authorityName="Powell" authorityYear="1938" box="[430,864,295,320]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Pleuromeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="murdochi">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFE517306FDC2FEDE" box="[430,690,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Pleuromeris murdochi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFD3C7306FC10FEDE" author="Powell" box="[707,864,295,320]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Powell, A. W. (1938) A Pliocene Molluscan faunule from Castle Point. Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum, 2 (3), 157 - 164." type="journal article" year="1938">Powell, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(upper Pliocene, Castle Point, New Zealand),
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFF68736DFD30FEFA" authority="Laws, 1940" authorityName="Laws" authorityYear="1940" box="[151,576,332,357]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Pleuromeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="paucicostata">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFF68736DFEC6FEFA" box="[151,438,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Pleuromeris paucicostata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFE42736CFD30FEFA" author="Laws" box="[445,576,332,356]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Laws, C. R. (1940) The Waitotaran faunule at Kaawa Creek. Part 3. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 69, 427 - 447." type="journal article" year="1940">Laws, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(upper Pliocene–Recent, Nukumaru, New Zealand).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3476516B816B47DFF38734EFB1FFE4E" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE2369DB816B47DFF38734EFB1FFE4E" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,1400]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFF38734EFEC8FE16" bold="true" box="[199,440,367,392]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Derivation of name.</emphasis>
From ‘
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFDF0734EFD41FE16" box="[527,561,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">kol</emphasis>
’ (Aonikenk, original language of the Aonikenk or Tehuelche’s people, early inhabitants of
<collectingRegion id="4999F87FB816B47DFEBF73B5FD41FE33" box="[320,561,404,429]" country="Argentina" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Santa Cruz Province</collectingRegion>
) that means ‘seashell’, and ‘-
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFC7073B4FCBDFE32" box="[911,973,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">meris</emphasis>
’, a common suffix employed for small carditids and which probably comes from Latin word ‘
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFD037398FC4CFE4E" box="[764,828,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">maris</emphasis>
’ that means ‘from the sea’.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3476516B816B47DFF3873FDFD10FC8A" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE2369DB816B47DFF3873FDFD8EFDFE" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,1400]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFF3873FDFE4BFE6B" bold="true" box="[199,315,476,501]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFEBA73FDFEDCFE6B" authority="Pérez &amp; Del Río, 2017" authorityName="Pérez &amp; Del Río" authorityYear="2017" box="[325,428,476,501]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Kolmeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFEBA73FDFEDCFE6B" box="[325,428,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Kolmeris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21A57F4B816B47DFE4973FCFD75FE6B" box="[438,517,477,501]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
shares characters with
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFCE973FDFCEFFE6B" authorityName="Conrad" authorityYear="1867" box="[790,927,476,501]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Pleuromeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFCE973FDFCEFFE6B" box="[790,927,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Pleuromeris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFC2373FCFB8DFE6B" authority="Conrad, 1862" authorityName="Conrad" authorityYear="1862" box="[988,1277,476,501]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Pteromeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFC2373FCFB27FE6A" box="[988,1111,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Pteromeris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFB9D73FDFB8DFE6B" author="Conrad" box="[1122,1277,476,501]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Conrad, T. A. (1862) Descriptions of new genera, subgenera, and species of Tertiary and Recent shells. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia Proceedings, 14, 284 - 291." type="journal article" year="1862">Conrad, 1862</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="54E6883FB816B47DFAF073FDFA31FE6A" box="[1295,1345,476,500]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFF6873DEFE8FFD86" authority="Conrad, 1841" authorityName="Conrad" authorityYear="1841" box="[151,511,511,536]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Cardita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="perplana">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFF6873DEFE2AFD86" box="[151,346,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Cardita perplana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFE9C73DEFE8FFD86" author="Conrad" box="[355,511,511,536]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Conrad, T. A. (1841) Appendix to Mr. Hodge's paper, describing the new shells. American Journal of Science, 41 (2), 344 - 348." type="journal article" year="1841">Conrad, 1841</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; Pliocene–Recent of North Atlantic Ocean) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFC0273DEFA29FD86" author="Gardner" box="[1021,1369,511,536]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Gardner, J. (1943) Mollusca from the Miocene and Lower Pliocene of Virginia and North Carolina. Part 1. Pelecypoda. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 199 - A, 1 - 158." type="book chapter" year="1943">Gardner 1943: pl. 13, figs 6–9</bibRefCitation>
) such as their small and subtriangular shell, pointed umbo, large lunule, right middle tooth being triangular and vertical and a sculpture of usually less than 20 wide radial ribs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE2369DB816B47DFF68704DFD10FC8A" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,1400]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">
The new genus can be separated from
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFDBF704DFDB9FD1B" authorityName="Conrad" authorityYear="1867" box="[576,713,620,645]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Pleuromeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFDBF704DFDB9FD1B" box="[576,713,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Pleuromeris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a higher shell with convex dorsal margin, less pointed umbo, a larger right anterior tooth and fewer, lower and wider radial ribs not covered by nodes. It can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFE7B7094FE8FFD52" authorityName="Conrad" authorityYear="1862" box="[388,511,693,716]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Pteromeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFE7B7094FE8FFD52" box="[388,511,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Pteromeris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of the typical recurved and anteriorly directed umbo that characterizes this genus, the presence of a smaller right middle tooth and straight left posterior tooth, and by the development of wider intercostal spaces.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3476516B816B47DFF38713EFB3BFAE6" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE2369DB816B47DFF38713EFA12FC3A" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,1400]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFF38713EFE5EFCA6" authority="Pérez &amp; Del Río, 2017" authorityName="Pérez &amp; Del Río" authorityYear="2017" box="[199,302,799,824]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Kolmeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFF38713EFE5EFCA6" box="[199,302,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Kolmeris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFE397101FD85FCA6" authority="de Gregorio, 1885" authorityName="de Gregorio" authorityYear="1885" box="[454,757,799,824]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Coripia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFE397101FD6DFCA9" box="[454,541,800,823]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Coripia</emphasis>
de
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFDB6713EFD85FCA6" author="Gregorio" box="[585,757,799,824]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="de Gregorio, A. (1885) Appunti intorno ad alcune Cardite viventi e fossili. Bulletino della Societa Malacologica Italiana, 10, 146 - 156." type="journal article" year="1885">Gregorio, 1885</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="54E6883FB816B47DFCFA7101FC47FCA6" box="[773,823,800,824]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFC66713EFA50FCA6" authority="Basterot, 1825" authorityName="Basterot" authorityYear="1825" box="[921,1312,799,824]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Cardita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="unidentata">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFC66713EFB00FCA6" box="[921,1136,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Cardita unidentata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFB877101FA50FCA6" author="Basterot" box="[1144,1312,799,824]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Basterot, M. B. de (1825) Description geologique du bassin tertiaire du sud-ouest de la France. Memoires de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, 2 (1), 1 - 415." type="journal article" year="1825">Basterot, 1825</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; Pliocene– Recent of Northeast Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFCA57165FBF1FCC2" author="Pras" box="[858,1153,836,861]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Pras, S. (2013) Correct Type designation for two mollusc genera: Polygireulina Sacco 1892 (Gastropoda: Eulimidae) and Coripia de Gregorio 1885 (Bivalvia: Carditidae). Cossmanniana, 15, 99 - 103. https: // doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.43.1991.42" type="journal article" year="2013">Pras 2013: pl. 1, figs 4–7</bibRefCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFB3B7165FFBFFC1E" authority="Dall, 1903" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1903" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Miodontiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFB3B7165FA2BFCC3" box="[1220,1371,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Miodontiscus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFA9A7165FFBFFC1E" author="Dall" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Dall, W. H. (1903) Contributions to the Tertiary fauna of Florida with special reference to the Silex Beds of the Caloosahatchie River. Part IV. Transactions of the Wagner Free Institute of Science of Philadelphia, 3 (4), 1219 - 1654." type="journal article" year="1903">Dall, 1903</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="54E6883FB816B47DFF1F7149FE62FC1E" box="[224,274,872,896]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFE8B7146FC6DFC1E" authority="Carpenter, 1863" authorityName="Carpenter" authorityYear="1863" box="[372,797,871,896]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Miodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="prolongatus">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFE8B7146FD2BFC1E" box="[372,603,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Miodon prolongatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFD9B7149FC6DFC1E" author="Carpenter" box="[612,797,871,896]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Carpenter, P. P. (1863) Supplementary report on the present state of our knowledge with regard to the Mollusca of the West coast of North America. Rep. British Associaton for Advance of Science, 33, 517 - 686." type="journal article" year="1863">Carpenter, 1863</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; Pliocene–Recent of North Pacific) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFB3D7149FE49FC3B" author="Moore" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Moore, E. J. (1992) Tertiary marine pelecypods of California and Baja California: Erycinidae through Carditidae. United States Geological Survey, Professional Paper, 1228 - E, 1 - 37." type="book chapter" year="1992">Moore 1992: pl. 5, figs 12–14, 16</bibRefCitation>
) by having a subcentrally placed straight umbo, and ribs separated by wider intercostal spaces.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE2369DB816B47DFF38718EFA37FB8E" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,1400]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFF38718EFE5EFC56" authority="Pérez &amp; Del Río, 2017" authorityName="Pérez &amp; Del Río" authorityYear="2017" box="[199,302,943,968]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Kolmeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFF38718EFE5EFC56" box="[199,302,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Kolmeris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFD99718EFCE3FC56" authority="Conrad, 1867" authorityName="Conrad" authorityYear="1867" box="[614,915,943,968]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Cyclocardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFD99718EFD80FC56" box="[614,752,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Cyclocardia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFD06718EFCE3FC56" author="Conrad" box="[761,915,943,968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Conrad, T. A. (1867) Description of a new genus of Astartidae. American Journal of Conchology, 3, 191." type="journal article" year="1867">Conrad, 1867</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="54E6883FB816B47DFC5C7191FCA5FC56" box="[931,981,944,968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFBC8718EFAE7FC56" authority="Conrad, 1831" authorityName="Conrad" authorityYear="1831" box="[1079,1431,943,968]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Cardita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="borealis">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFBC8718EFB81FC56" box="[1079,1265,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Cardita borealis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFB05718EFAE7FC56" author="Conrad" box="[1274,1431,943,968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Conrad, T. A. (1831) Descriptions of fifteen new species of Recent and three of fossil, chiefly from the Coast of the United States. Journal of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia, 6, 256 - 268." type="journal article" year="1831">Conrad, 1831</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; Pleistocene–Recent, Northwest Atlantic Ocean) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFD4071F5FCEEFC73" author="Huber" box="[703,926,980,1005]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Huber, M. (2010) Compendium of bivalves. A full-color guide to 3.300 of the world's marine bivalves. A status on Bivalvia after 250 years of research. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 901 pp." type="book" year="2010" yearSuffix="p">Huber 2010: p. 253</bibRefCitation>
) by having a smaller and subtriangular shell, with larger right anterior tooth, vertical left anterior tooth, and shell surface sculptured by fewer radial ribs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE2369DB816B47DFF38763DFC5AFBE2" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,1400]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFF38763DFE5EFBAB" authority="Pérez &amp; Del Río, 2017" authorityName="Pérez &amp; Del Río" authorityYear="2017" box="[199,302,1052,1077]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Kolmeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFF38763DFE5EFBAB" box="[199,302,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Kolmeris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFE28763DFC66FBAA" authority="Sacco, 1899" authorityName="Sacco" authorityYear="1899" box="[471,790,1052,1077]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Scalaricardita" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFE28763DFD08FBAB" box="[471,632,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Scalaricardita</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFD79763DFC66FBAA" author="Sacco" box="[646,790,1052,1076]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Sacco, F. (1899) I Molluschi dei terreni terziarii del Piemonti e della Liguria. Parte XXVII (Unionidae, Carditidae, Astartidae, Crassatellidae, Lasaeidae, Galeommidae, Cardiidae, Limnocardiidae e Chamidae). Carlo Clausen, Torino, 102 pp." type="book" year="1899">Sacco, 1899</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="54E6883FB816B47DFCD2763DFC2FFBAA" box="[813,863,1052,1076]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFC33763DFA39FBAB" authority="Sowerby, 1825" authorityName="Sowerby" authorityYear="1825" box="[972,1353,1052,1077]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Cardita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="scalaris">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFC33763DFBF9FBAB" box="[972,1161,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Cardita scalaris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFB68763DFA39FBAB" author="Sowerby" box="[1175,1353,1052,1077]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Sowerby, J. de C. (1825) The Mineral Conchology of Great Britain. Vol. 5. B. Meredith, London, 295 pp." type="book" year="1825">Sowerby, 1825</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; lower Miocene–upper Pliocene of Europe) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFDBB7661FCCBFBC6" author="Janssen" box="[580,955,1087,1112]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Janssen, A. &amp; Moerdijk, P. (2004) Revision of Pliocene representatives of Cyclocardia (Bivalvia, Carditidae) from the North Sea Basin. Basteria, 68, 77 - 85." type="journal article" year="2004">Janssen &amp; Moerdijk 2004: fig. 4</bibRefCitation>
) by having a more convex dorsal margin, fewer and smooth radial ribs with wider intercostal spaces.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE2369DB816B47DFF3876A8FB3BFAE6" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,1400]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">
We include three
<collectingCountry id="F34A760DB816B47DFE7476A8FD51FB3E" box="[395,545,1159,1184]" name="New Zealand" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
species in
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFD6276A6FC73FB3E" authority="Pérez &amp; Del Río, 2017" authorityName="Pérez &amp; Del Río" authorityYear="2017" box="[669,771,1159,1184]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Kolmeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFD6276A6FC73FB3E" box="[669,771,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Kolmeris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFCEC76A6FB7DFB3E" authorityName="Powell" authorityYear="1938" box="[787,1037,1159,1184]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Pleuromeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="murdochi">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFCEC76A6FB7DFB3E" box="[787,1037,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Pleuromeris murdochi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFBE376A6FA34FB3E" author="Powell" box="[1052,1348,1159,1184]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Powell, A. W. (1938) A Pliocene Molluscan faunule from Castle Point. Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum, 2 (3), 157 - 164." type="journal article" year="1938">Powell 1938: pl. 39, fig. 6</bibRefCitation>
) (upper Pliocene, Castle Point Formation),
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFDC6768DFC2EFB5A" authorityName="Laws" authorityYear="1940" box="[569,862,1196,1221]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Pleuromeris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="paucicostata">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFDC6768DFC2EFB5A" box="[569,862,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Pleuromeris paucicostata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFC8C768DFB1DFB5A" author="Laws" box="[883,1133,1196,1221]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Laws, C. R. (1940) The Waitotaran faunule at Kaawa Creek. Part 3. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 69, 427 - 447." type="journal article" year="1940">Laws 1940: figs 7–8</bibRefCitation>
) (upper Pliocene–Recent, Nukumaru Beds) and
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFE6776EEFC34FB76" authorityName="Marwick" authorityYear="1924" box="[408,836,1231,1256]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Venericardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="marshalli" subGenus="Pleuromeris">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFE6776EEFD58FB76" box="[408,552,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Venericardia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFDC376EEFDB5FB76" box="[572,709,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">Pleuromeris</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFD2676EEFC34FB76" box="[729,836,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">marshalli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFCA976EEFBB6FB76" author="Marwick" box="[854,1222,1231,1256]" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Marwick, J. (1924) Palaeontological notes on some Pliocene Mollusca from Hawke's Bay. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, 55, 191 - 202." type="journal article" year="1924">Marwick 1924: pl. 16, figs 1–2</bibRefCitation>
) (upper Pliocene– Recent, Petane Clays). These species share with
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFD4176D4FC19FA93" authorityName="Ihering-Ihering" authorityYear="1907" box="[702,873,1268,1293]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Venericardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tehuelchana">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFD4176D4FC19FA93" box="[702,873,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">K. tehuelchana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the same outline, the straight right anterior tooth, the right middle tooth slightly inclined posteriorly, and 9 to 15 wide radial ribs separated by wide intercostal spaces. As the
<collectingCountry id="F34A760DB816B47DFEBF771CFEA7FACB" box="[320,471,1340,1365]" name="New Zealand" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
species are not older than Nukumaruan (upper Pliocene, 2–1.2 Ma sensu
<bibRefCitation id="EFCC4B6CB816B47DFAE4771DFF87FAE6" author="Haywick" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" refString="Haywick, D., Lowe, D., Beu, A. G., Henderson, R. &amp; Carter, R. (1991) Pliocene- Pleistocene (Nukumaruan) lithostratigraphy of the Tagoio block, and origin of sedimentary cyclicity, central Hawke's Bay, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 34, 213 - 225. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00288306.1991.9514459" type="journal article" year="1991">
Haywick
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFA77771CFFC4FAE6" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">et al.</emphasis>
1991
</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="4C5D4D1EB816B47DFEF47740FEC4FAE6" authorityName="Ihering-Ihering" authorityYear="1907" box="[267,436,1375,1400]" class="Bivalvia" family="Carditidae" genus="Venericardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carditida" pageId="17" pageNumber="68" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tehuelchana">
<emphasis id="B929EA8FB816B47DFEF47740FEC4FAE6" box="[267,436,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="68">K. tehuelchana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(lower Pliocene) becomes the oldest member of the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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