170 lines
15 KiB
XML
170 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3494.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="17277230-72bb-4500-8e53-1bd8e3ca6d74" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6380783" ID-ZooBank="E31EF0DC-825E-4D60-8AED-3127019CF8F0" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="1" checkinTime="1629812306121" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Agassiz, David J. L." docDate="2012" docId="03C387FBFFCC6575FF434641FB77C286" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03494p073.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3494" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.2:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Parapoynx affinialis Guenee 1854" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FFFAFF83FFC4657CFFD44164FFA7C16A" masterDocTitle="The Acentropinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) of Africa" masterLastPageNumber="73" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1678988247933" updateUser="tatiana" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Acentropinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) of Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Agassiz, David J. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>The Natural History Museum, London SW 7 5 BD</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">D.Agassiz@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2012-09-21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>3494</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>73</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3494.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">17277230-72bb-4500-8e53-1bd8e3ca6d74</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6380783</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">E31EF0DC-825E-4D60-8AED-3127019CF8F0</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6384603" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194848141" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6384603" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C387FBFFCC6575FF434641FB77C286" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C387FBFFCC6575FF434641FB77C286" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<subSubSection box="[151,568,1829,1855]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[151,568,1829,1855]" box="[151,568,1829,1855]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="946K3" ID-ENA="1375901" authority="Guenee, 1854" authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,568,1829,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Parapoynx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinialis">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,398,1829,1855]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Parapoynx affinialis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Guenee, A." box="[406,568,1829,1855]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref42429" refString="Guenee, A. (1854) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Species General des Lepidopteres. 8 (Deltoides et Pyralites): 448 + vi pp." type="book" year="1854">Guenée, 1854</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="8.[151,687,1899,2014]" box="[151,615,1899,1922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,615,1899,1922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<treatmentCitation author="Guenée" box="[151,615,1899,1922]" page="270" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1854">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="97VRX" authority="Guenee, 1854: 270" authorityName="Guenee" authorityPageNumber="270" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,611,1899,1922]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Paraponyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinialis">
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<emphasis box="[151,262,1900,1921]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paraponyx</emphasis>
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[sic]
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<emphasis box="[319,409,1900,1922]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">affinialis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Guenee, A." box="[416,611,1899,1921]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref42429" refString="Guenee, A. (1854) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Species General des Lepidopteres. 8 (Deltoides et Pyralites): 448 + vi pp." type="book" year="1854">Guenée, 1854: 270</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="8.[151,687,1899,2014]" box="[151,591,1930,1952]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,591,1930,1952]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<treatmentCitation author="Butler" box="[151,591,1930,1952]" page="180" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1881">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="97R44" authority="Butler, 1881: 180" authorityName="Butler" authorityPageNumber="180" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,587,1930,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Oligostigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incommoda">
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<emphasis box="[151,400,1930,1952]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Oligostigma incommoda</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Butler, A. G." box="[407,587,1930,1952]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="579 - 600" refId="ref42023" refString="Butler, A. G. (1881) Descriptions of new genera and species of heterocerous Lepidoptera from Japan. Pyrales and Micros. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1881, 579 - 600." type="journal article" year="1881">Butler, 1881: 180</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="8.[151,687,1899,2014]" box="[151,687,1961,1983]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,687,1961,1983]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<treatmentCitation author="Bethune-Baker" box="[151,687,1961,1983]" page="48" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1894">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="97Q52" authority="Bethune-Baker, 1894: 48" authorityName="Bethune-Baker" authorityPageNumber="48" authorityYear="1894" box="[151,682,1961,1983]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Nymphula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscomarginata">
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<emphasis box="[151,419,1961,1983]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Nymphula fuscomarginata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Bethune-Baker, G. T." box="[426,682,1961,1983]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="33 - 51" refId="ref41956" refString="Bethune-Baker, G. T. (1894) Notes of some Lepidoptera received from the neighbourhood of Alexandria. Transactions of the Entomological Society, 1894, 33 - 51." type="journal article" year="1894">Bethune-Baker, 1894: 48</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="8.[151,687,1899,2014]" box="[151,638,1992,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,638,1992,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<treatmentCitation author="Caradja" box="[151,638,1992,2014]" page="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" year="1917">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="97Q4S" authority="Caradja, 1917: 21" authorityName="Caradja" authorityPageNumber="21" authorityYear="1917" box="[151,634,1992,2014]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Nymphula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="affinialis" subSpecies="alaicalis">
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<emphasis box="[151,444,1992,2014]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Nymphula affinialis alaicalis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Caradja, A." box="[451,634,1992,2014]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref42101" refString="Caradja, A. (1917) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der geographischen Verbreitung der Pyraliden und Tortriciden des europaischen Faunengebietes, nebst Beschreibung neuer Formen. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitung Iris, 30, 1 - 88." type="journal article" year="1917">Caradja, 1917: 21</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[151,396,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1004]" box="[151,396,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<typeStatus box="[151,207,152,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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<collectingRegion box="[312,392,151,175]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Assam</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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Described and illustrated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Speidel, W." box="[527,696,188,212]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 157" refId="ref43642" refString="Speidel, W. (1984) Revision der Acentropinae des palaearktischen Faunengebietes (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Neue entomolgische Nachrichten, 1 - 157." type="book chapter" year="1984">Speidel (1984)</bibRefCitation>
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. Imago (Fig. 1): Wingspan
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<quantity box="[1011,1125,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="12.0">12–22mm</quantity>
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, females larger than males. Head and appendages fuscous, labial palpus upturned. Thorax fuscous. Forewing chiefly pale fuscous; a broad darker fuscous median fascia, whitish on inner and outer edges; a paler discal spot, darker ringed; a fine black subterminal line preceded by a whitish band; termen orange-fuscous; a broken terminal line; cilia fuscous. Hindwing whitish with a broad wavy dark fuscous submarginal line preceded by a narrower parallel line; termen orange-fuscous. Abdomen fuscous, a whitish edge to each segment, segment 3 darker making a dark line continuous with hindwing markings when moth is at rest.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1004]" box="[199,1252,439,463]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">There is considerable variation, especially in the amount of fuscous suffusion of the forewing.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Male genitalia (Fig. 82): Uncus digitate, strong, evenly curved towards venter, setae only on basal arms; gnathos ¾ length of uncus, evenly tapered to a point and slightly curved towards uncus; valva with costa concave in centre; dorsum more or less parallel with costa, a single digitate process near base; aedeagus bent, a little weak sclerotisation near apex and one small weak cornutus in vesica.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Female genitalia (Fig. 132): Ostium moderate, antrum gently tapered to colliculum, weakly scobinate; ductus long, gradually widening into corpus bursae; signa comprising two parallel longitudinal ridges in middle of corpus bursae and one fifth of its length.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tympanal organs: Venulae almost parallel, very slightly divergent anteriorly, tympani kite-shaped with rounded apices.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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Diagnosis: Similar to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Snellen" authorityYear="1880" box="[468,629,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Parapoynx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diminutalis">
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<emphasis box="[468,629,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. diminutalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but distinguished by the darker, heavier markings, especially the postmedian band of the hindwing.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[199,1114,871,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1004]" box="[199,1114,871,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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Biology: The larva is recorded from
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<emphasis box="[609,895,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName box="[609,891,872,896]" class="Liliopsida" family="Potamogetonaceae" genus="Potamogeton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perfoliatus">Potamogeton perfoliatus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Adult recorded iii.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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Distribution:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1854" box="[351,481,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Nymphula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="affinialis">
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<emphasis box="[351,481,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. affinialis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has been recorded in
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<collectingCountry box="[737,807,908,932]" name="Egypt" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Egypt</collectingCountry>
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, between
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<collectingRegion box="[923,985,908,932]" country="Egypt" name="Al Qahirah" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cairo</collectingRegion>
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and
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<collectingRegion box="[1044,1172,908,932]" country="Egypt" name="Al Iskandariyah" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Alexandria</collectingRegion>
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. An Asian species, its range extends from the Middle East to
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<collectingCountry box="[587,647,943,967]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">India</collectingCountry>
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, and it has also been recorded from
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<collectingCountry box="[1051,1158,943,967]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Australia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[199,1232,980,1004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1004]" box="[199,1232,980,1004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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Material examined: The Bethune-Baker
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<typeStatus box="[658,706,980,1004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
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appears to be lost.
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<collectingCountry box="[930,1023,980,1004]" name="Egypt" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">EGYPT</collectingCountry>
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: Matai
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<specimenCount box="[1105,1141,980,1004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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(
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<collectionCode box="[1149,1221,980,1004]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/g6yf-wft0" name="Oxford University Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">OUM</collectionCode>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |