464 lines
55 KiB
XML
464 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document id="72AFA6BD3E071418AE7008A51F1E9872" ID-CLB-Dataset="55246" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5310.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="95de53d6-ac5c-424e-a3ed-087bc2e2912b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8090240" ID-ZooBank="C6664128-1B4E-40C8-80E8-6D09AB49CB30" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1687949290506" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mah, Christopher L." docDate="2023" docId="03C387E8661EFFD1FF68E3DF82C5FE16" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5310.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5310 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5310.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Crossaster taitai Mah 2023, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="FFFAFF906631FFE3FFFFE7588613FFBB" masterDocTitle="New Genera, Species, and observations on the biology of Antarctic Valvatida (Asteroidea)" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1699537264752" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="6CEEABF3A7BD631C4E8D57DCD47D07CB">New Genera, Species, and observations on the biology of Antarctic Valvatida (Asteroidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F21F97EBBEFBB3B382F6A5DED6938861">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4F64CAD77EA7E1D2B5DC65B03A4D7CB8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BBBFE8006274C83A31526E7EEF28793B">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0A10BF445F81B34C13BD2F96D6CE7A0F">2023-06-27</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03C387E8661EFFD1FF68E3DF82C5FE16" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090176" ID-GBIF-Taxon="210479636" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8090176" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C387E8661EFFD1FF68E3DF82C5FE16" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C387E8661EFFD1FF68E3DF82C5FE16" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<subSubSection id="C3706575661EFFCCFF68E3DF87B6FB1A" box="[151,421,1159,1185]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD536FE661EFFCCFF68E3DF87B6FB1A" blockId="47.[151,596,1159,1251]" box="[151,421,1159,1185]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<heading id="D09D8192661EFFCCFF68E3DF87B6FB1A" bold="true" box="[151,421,1159,1185]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAEC661EFFCCFF68E3DF87B6FB1A" bold="true" box="[151,421,1159,1185]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D661EFFCCFF68E3DF874FFB1A" ID-CoL="aceb44d0-24b6-45ba-8d19-d7132a7a8262" authority="Mah, 2023" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,348,1159,1185]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Crossaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="taitai" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAEC661EFFCCFF68E3DF874FFB1A" bold="true" box="[151,348,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Crossaster taitai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22D5797661EFFCCFE9CE3DF87B6FB1A" box="[355,421,1159,1185]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3706575661EFFCCFF68E3F38740FB7E" box="[151,339,1194,1221]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD536FE661EFFCCFF68E3F38740FB7E" blockId="47.[151,596,1159,1251]" box="[151,339,1194,1221]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<figureCitation id="13512A7B661EFFCCFF68E3F38740FB7E" box="[151,339,1194,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@48.[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 15. Crossaster taitai n. sp. Holotype USNM 1122444, A. Abactinal surface. B. Actinal surface. C. Closeup of abactinal paxillae showing spination. D. Actinal intermediate area showing inferomarginal plates. Actin=Actinal intermediate region, M=Inferomarginal plates. E. Adambulacral spines, showing furrow and subambulacral spination." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090278/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">FIGURE 15A–E</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3706575661EFFCCFF68E3948447FB58" box="[151,596,1227,1251]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD536FE661EFFCCFF68E3948447FB58" blockId="47.[151,596,1159,1251]" box="[151,596,1227,1251]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7A11D0661EFFCCFF68E3948447FB58" box="[151,596,1227,1251]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACB10EF661EFFCCFF68E3948443FB58" author="McKnight, D. G." box="[151,592,1227,1251]" page="13" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="2006">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D661EFFCCFF68E3948443FB58" ID-CoL="ZLN4" authority="McKnight 2006: 13" authorityName="sensu McKnight" authorityPageNumber="13" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,592,1227,1251]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Crossaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="multispinus">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAEC661EFFCCFF68E394876CFB58" box="[151,383,1227,1251]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Crossaster multispinus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F661EFFCCFE79E3938443FB58" author="McKnight, D. G." box="[390,592,1227,1251]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 187" refId="ref61422" refString="McKnight, D. G. (2006) The marine fauna of New Zealand, Echinodermata: Asteroidea (Sea- stars). 3. Orders Velatida, Spinulosida, Forcipulatida, Brisingida with addenda to Paxillosida, Valvatida. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 120, 1 - 187." type="journal article" year="2006">McKnight 2006: 13</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3706575661EFFCCFF68E2498521FAC8" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BD536FE661EFFCCFF68E249870BFA90" blockId="47.[151,1436,1297,1396]" box="[151,280,1297,1323]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAEC661EFFCCFF68E249870BFA90" bold="true" box="[151,280,1297,1323]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Etymology</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD536FE661EFFCCFF38E26D8521FAC8" blockId="47.[151,1436,1297,1396]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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The species name
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D661EFFCCFE69E26E87C2FAF4" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2023" box="[406,465,1334,1359]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Crossaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="taitai">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAEC661EFFCCFE69E26E87C2FAF4" box="[406,465,1334,1359]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">taitai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is Maori for “brush” alluding to the highly spinose paxillae on the abactinal, marginal and actinal surface of this species. Noun held in apposition.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3706575661EFFCCFF68E2F98720F898" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD536FE661EFFCCFF68E2F98719FA00" blockId="47.[151,1437,1441,1828]" box="[151,266,1441,1467]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAEC661EFFCCFF68E2F98719FA00" bold="true" box="[151,266,1441,1467]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD536FE661EFFCCFF38E29D8720F898" blockId="47.[151,1437,1441,1828]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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Species with 11 arms (exceptionally 10) with relatively wide reticulate mesh. More closely arranged on the disk than on the arms (
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<figureCitation id="13512A7B661EFFCCFE64E2B18416F9BF" box="[411,517,1513,1540]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@48.[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 15. Crossaster taitai n. sp. Holotype USNM 1122444, A. Abactinal surface. B. Actinal surface. C. Closeup of abactinal paxillae showing spination. D. Actinal intermediate area showing inferomarginal plates. Actin=Actinal intermediate region, M=Inferomarginal plates. E. Adambulacral spines, showing furrow and subambulacral spination." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090278/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
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). Abactinal paxillae displaying mostly 20–40 spinelets (
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<figureCitation id="13512A7B661EFFCCFB81E2B182F7F9BF" box="[1150,1252,1513,1540]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@48.[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 15. Crossaster taitai n. sp. Holotype USNM 1122444, A. Abactinal surface. B. Actinal surface. C. Closeup of abactinal paxillae showing spination. D. Actinal intermediate area showing inferomarginal plates. Actin=Actinal intermediate region, M=Inferomarginal plates. E. Adambulacral spines, showing furrow and subambulacral spination." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090278/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
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), approximately the length of the paxillar shaft. Paxillae most abundant and densely present on disk. Marginal plates 22–28. Superomarginals plates with 10–20 similar hyaline tipped spinelets. Inferomarginals forming distinct periphery, 3 to 5 times the size of the superomarginals with which they alternate. Inferomarginal plates with 15–40, mostly 20–30 hyaline-tipped spinelets (
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<figureCitation id="13512A7B661EFFCCFDF8E1218460F92F" box="[519,627,1657,1684]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@48.[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 15. Crossaster taitai n. sp. Holotype USNM 1122444, A. Abactinal surface. B. Actinal surface. C. Closeup of abactinal paxillae showing spination. D. Actinal intermediate area showing inferomarginal plates. Actin=Actinal intermediate region, M=Inferomarginal plates. E. Adambulacral spines, showing furrow and subambulacral spination." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090278/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 15D</figureCitation>
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). Actinal plates with 5–15 elongate spines. Furrow spines 6 to 9 with smaller individuals (R=1.7) bearing fewer (6 to 7) and larger individuals (R=7.2) bearing greater (8 to 9) spines, in palmate formation with weakly developed web around base of furrow spines (
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<figureCitation id="13512A7B661EFFCCFBF2E1998260F967" box="[1037,1139,1729,1756]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@48.[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 15. Crossaster taitai n. sp. Holotype USNM 1122444, A. Abactinal surface. B. Actinal surface. C. Closeup of abactinal paxillae showing spination. D. Actinal intermediate area showing inferomarginal plates. Actin=Actinal intermediate region, M=Inferomarginal plates. E. Adambulacral spines, showing furrow and subambulacral spination." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090278/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 15E</figureCitation>
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). Subambulacral spines in single transverse series, 6–9, also with overall count increasing in larger individuals, ranging from 6 or
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<quantity id="4C929B1B661EFFCCFADBE1BE8343F944" box="[1316,1360,1765,1792]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="in" value="7.0">7 in</quantity>
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R=
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<quantity id="4C929B1B661EFFCCFA85E1BD86CCF898" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3588999999999998" metricValueMax="2.286" metricValueMin="0.43179999999999996" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="in" value="5.35" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="1.7">1.7 to 9 in</quantity>
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R=7.2.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3706575661EFFD2FF68E009852FFDAC" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD536FE661EFFCCFF68E009870BF8D0" blockId="47.[151,1436,1873,2008]" box="[151,280,1873,1899]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAEC661EFFCCFF68E009870BF8D0" bold="true" box="[151,280,1873,1899]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Comments</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD536FE661EFFD2FF38E02E858BFED8" blockId="47.[151,1436,1873,2008]" lastBlockId="49.[151,1437,151,535]" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D661EFFCCFF38E02E84FBF834" authority="sensu McKnight (2006)" authorityName="sensu McKnight" authorityYear="2006" box="[199,744,1909,1936]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Crossaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="multispinus">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAEC661EFFCCFF38E02E8407F834" box="[199,532,1909,1936]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Crossaster multispinus sensu</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F661EFFCCFDE0E02D84FBF834" author="McKnight, D. G." box="[543,744,1909,1935]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 187" refId="ref61422" refString="McKnight, D. G. (2006) The marine fauna of New Zealand, Echinodermata: Asteroidea (Sea- stars). 3. Orders Velatida, Spinulosida, Forcipulatida, Brisingida with addenda to Paxillosida, Valvatida. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 120, 1 - 187." type="journal article" year="2006">McKnight (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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are described as having abactinal and actinal paxillae with 30–50, sharp, relatively short and delicate spinelets versus those on the
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<typeStatus id="54D1885C661EFFCCFC4DE0C285F1F80F" box="[946,994,1946,1972]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
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which number 15, long, sharp spinelets but shares an identical number of furrow (7 to 8, decreasing to 5 to 6 distally) and subambulacral spines (7 to 9). Review of his account plus examination of USNM specimens which correspond to the description in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F6600FFD2FAD6E7CF86F1FF6F" author="McKnight, D. G." pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 187" refId="ref61422" refString="McKnight, D. G. (2006) The marine fauna of New Zealand, Echinodermata: Asteroidea (Sea- stars). 3. Orders Velatida, Spinulosida, Forcipulatida, Brisingida with addenda to Paxillosida, Valvatida. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 120, 1 - 187." type="journal article" year="2006">McKnight (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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leads me to conclude that this species is different from
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<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D6600FFD2FCB8E7E3831AFF6F" authority="H. L. Clark, 1916" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1916" box="[839,1289,186,213]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Crossaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="multispinus">
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<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6600FFD2FCB8E7E38255FF6F" box="[839,1094,186,213]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Crossaster multispinus</emphasis>
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H.L.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F6600FFD2FB79E7E2831AFF6F" author="Clark, H. L." box="[1158,1289,186,212]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 123" refId="ref56764" refString="Clark, H. L. (1916) Report on the sea-lilies, starfishes, brittle-stars and sea-urchins obtained by the F. I. S. Endeavour on the coasts of Queensland, New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria, South Australia, and Western Australia. Biological Results of the Fishing experiments carried on by the F. I. S. Endeavour 1909 - 1914, 4 (1), 1 - 123. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 13854" type="journal article" year="1916">Clark, 1916</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and is herein described as new. This species, including the description outlined for “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D6600FFD2FC56E78782BAFF43" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1916" box="[937,1193,222,249]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Crossaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="multispinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6600FFD2FC56E78782BAFF43" box="[937,1193,222,249]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Crossaster multispinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F6600FFD2FB27E786838FFF43" author="McKnight, D. G." box="[1240,1436,222,248]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 187" refId="ref61422" refString="McKnight, D. G. (2006) The marine fauna of New Zealand, Echinodermata: Asteroidea (Sea- stars). 3. Orders Velatida, Spinulosida, Forcipulatida, Brisingida with addenda to Paxillosida, Valvatida. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 120, 1 - 187." type="journal article" year="2006">McKnight (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
differs from that of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F6600FFD2FE91E65A8459FEA7" author="O'Hara, T. D." box="[366,586,258,284]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="167 - 223" refId="ref62101" refString="O'Hara, T. D. (1998) Systematics and Biology of Macquarie Island Echinoderms. Memoirs of Museum Victoria, 57 (2), 167 - 223. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 1999.57.09" type="journal article" year="1998">O’Hara (1998: 182)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
on the basis of the paxillar spine number, greater than 30 with short spinelets in this species versus the 15 elongate spinelets as well as the more numerous furrow and subambulacral spines (only 5−6 furrow and 7 subambulacral spines) in the Macquarie specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF1566766601FFD3FF68E0CF82ACF84C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090278" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8090278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090278/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" startId="48.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[153,1435,181,1919]" targetPageId="48" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6601FFD3FF68E0CF82ACF84C" blockId="48.[151,1437,1943,2039]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6601FFD3FF68E0CF8431F814" bold="true" box="[151,546,1943,1967]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
FIGURE 15.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D6601FFD3FED2E0CF87C8F814" authority="Mah, 2023" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2023" box="[301,475,1943,1967]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Crossaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="taitai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6601FFD3FED2E0CF87C8F814" bold="true" box="[301,475,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Crossaster taitai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22D57976601FFD3FE1AE0CF8431F814" box="[485,546,1943,1967]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype USNM 1122444,
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6601FFD3FCB0E0CF857BF814" bold="true" box="[847,872,1943,1967]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Abactinal surface.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6601FFD3FBC7E0CF825CF814" bold="true" box="[1080,1103,1943,1967]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Actinal surface.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6601FFD3FAF8E0CF8333F814" bold="true" box="[1287,1312,1943,1967]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Closeup of abactinal paxillae showing spination.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6601FFD3FDE5E0E38420F868" bold="true" box="[538,563,1979,2003]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Actinal intermediate area showing inferomarginal plates. Actin=Actinal intermediate region, M=Inferomarginal plates.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6601FFD3FE10E0878415F84C" bold="true" box="[495,518,2015,2039]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Adambulacral spines, showing furrow and subambulacral spination.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6600FFD2FF38E6358436FE75" blockId="49.[151,1437,151,535]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
This species is characterized by the high number of spinelets on the abactinal, marginal and actinal paxillae presenting a very spinose appearance, drawing a parallel to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D6600FFD2FCA0E6C98299FE10" baseAuthorityName="Koehler" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[863,1162,401,427]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Paralophaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="antarcticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6600FFD2FCA0E6C98299FE10" box="[863,1162,401,427]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Paralophaster antarcticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in displaying a hirsute appearance on its abactinal surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6600FFD2FF38E680852FFDAC" blockId="49.[151,1437,151,535]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Description of this species based on the material listed in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB4B0F6600FFD2FCC9E68085EAFE49" author="McKnight, D. G." box="[822,1017,472,498]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 187" refId="ref61422" refString="McKnight, D. G. (2006) The marine fauna of New Zealand, Echinodermata: Asteroidea (Sea- stars). 3. Orders Velatida, Spinulosida, Forcipulatida, Brisingida with addenda to Paxillosida, Valvatida. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 120, 1 - 187." type="journal article" year="2006">McKnight (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
removes the occurrence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D6600FFD2FADBE681870BFDAD" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1916" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Crossaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="multispinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6600FFD2FADBE681870BFDAD" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Crossaster multispinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37D766E6600FFD2FEC3E6A587C1FDAD" box="[316,466,508,535]" name="New Zealand" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
but adds
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6A4D7D6600FFD2FDC1E6A484EAFDAD" authority="Mah, 2023" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2023" box="[574,761,508,534]" class="Asteroidea" family="Solasteridae" genus="Crossaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="taitai" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6600FFD2FDC1E6A484EAFDAD" box="[574,761,508,534]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Crossaster taitai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22D57976600FFD2FCFFE6A5852FFDAC" box="[768,828,509,535]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37065756600FFD2FF68E51B86A7FD1E" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6600FFD2FF68E51B8731FDE6" blockId="49.[151,1436,579,677]" box="[151,290,579,605]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6600FFD2FF68E51B8731FDE6" bold="true" box="[151,290,579,605]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Occurrence</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6600FFD2FF38E53F86A7FD1E" blockId="49.[151,1436,579,677]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Off Tasmania and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37D766E6600FFD2FE66E5308420FD3A" box="[409,563,615,642]" name="New Zealand" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, South Pacific from the Kermadec Islands to the Campbell Plateau.
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B6600FFD2FAC5E53F86A3FD1E" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.33" metricValueMax="14.27" metricValueMin="0.39" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="733.0" valueMax="1427.0" valueMin="39.0">39–1427 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37065756600FFD2FF68E58A86E3F936" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6600FFD2FF68E58A8732FD57" blockId="49.[151,1437,722,1677]" box="[151,289,722,748]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6600FFD2FF68E58A8732FD57" bold="true" box="[151,289,722,748]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Description</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6600FFD2FF38E5AE8434FC8F" blockId="49.[151,1437,722,1677]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Arms 11, exceptionally 10. Body stellate, R/r=1.8–2.3 with gradually tapering arms, thick, triangular in outline. Interradial arcs acute (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B6600FFD2FE6EE442840AFC8F" box="[401,537,794,821]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@48.[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 15. Crossaster taitai n. sp. Holotype USNM 1122444, A. Abactinal surface. B. Actinal surface. C. Closeup of abactinal paxillae showing spination. D. Actinal intermediate area showing inferomarginal plates. Actin=Actinal intermediate region, M=Inferomarginal plates. E. Adambulacral spines, showing furrow and subambulacral spination." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090278/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 15A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6600FFD2FF38E4658481FBE9" blockId="49.[151,1437,722,1677]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Abactinal surface with reticulate skeleton, widely open spaces between narrow lobate plates. Reticulate mesh most open on arms, more closely spaced on central disk (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B6600FFD2FCF1E4398565FCC7" box="[782,886,865,892]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@48.[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 15. Crossaster taitai n. sp. Holotype USNM 1122444, A. Abactinal surface. B. Actinal surface. C. Closeup of abactinal paxillae showing spination. D. Actinal intermediate area showing inferomarginal plates. Actin=Actinal intermediate region, M=Inferomarginal plates. E. Adambulacral spines, showing furrow and subambulacral spination." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090278/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Skin filled spaces between reticulate plates with papulae, 2 to 4. Abactinal plates with paxillae, each covered with a tuft of spinelets, 5 to 50, but mostly 20–40 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B6600FFD2FA90E4DD86D5FC7F" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@48.[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 15. Crossaster taitai n. sp. Holotype USNM 1122444, A. Abactinal surface. B. Actinal surface. C. Closeup of abactinal paxillae showing spination. D. Actinal intermediate area showing inferomarginal plates. Actin=Actinal intermediate region, M=Inferomarginal plates. E. Adambulacral spines, showing furrow and subambulacral spination." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090278/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
|
||
) at R=3.3 to 7.2 with greatest numbers of spinelets on paxillae present on the disk with most central spineless elongate surrounded by shorter spineless around paxillae tip edge. Spinelets comparable or equivalent to length of paxillar shaft, with pointed tip and rough surface. Paxillar abundance and density appears highest on disk. Individual small spine covered plates also present on skin-filled regions within reticulate mesh. Madreporite triangular to irregularly shaped with well-developed sulci.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6600FFD2FF38E30385FDFABF" blockId="49.[151,1437,722,1677]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Marginal plates, 22–28 (R=3.3 to 7.2), most prominent are enlarged inferomarginals. Superomarginals smaller, similar to identical with abactinal paxillae, at oblique angles, alternating with the enlarged inferomarginals which are easily 3 to 5 times as large. Inferomarginals with curved head, covered by 15–40, mostly 20–30 hyaline-tipped spinelets similar to those on the abactinal surface at R=
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B6600FFD2FCEEE39F8570FB5A" box="[785,867,1223,1249]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="cm" value="7.2">7.2 cm</quantity>
|
||
. Superomarginals with 10–20 spinelets, similar to those on abactinal surface. Terminal plates, small double-trapezoid in shape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6600FFD2FF38E2568706FA2F" blockId="49.[151,1437,722,1677]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Actinal intermediate region with 2 to 3 series of actinal paxillae present amidst skin filled surface, each plate with 5–15 slender spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B6600FFD2FE7CE26A841FFAF7" box="[387,524,1330,1357]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@48.[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 15. Crossaster taitai n. sp. Holotype USNM 1122444, A. Abactinal surface. B. Actinal surface. C. Closeup of abactinal paxillae showing spination. D. Actinal intermediate area showing inferomarginal plates. Actin=Actinal intermediate region, M=Inferomarginal plates. E. Adambulacral spines, showing furrow and subambulacral spination." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090278/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 15C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Some unspined plates present in actinal intermediate region, nearly obscured by skin. Note that inferomarginals and some abactinal paxillae to encroach onto the actinal surface on dried specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B6600FFD2FF60E221871BFA2F" box="[159,264,1401,1428]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@48.[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 15. Crossaster taitai n. sp. Holotype USNM 1122444, A. Abactinal surface. B. Actinal surface. C. Closeup of abactinal paxillae showing spination. D. Actinal intermediate area showing inferomarginal plates. Actin=Actinal intermediate region, M=Inferomarginal plates. E. Adambulacral spines, showing furrow and subambulacral spination." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090278/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 15D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6600FFD2FF38E2C686E3F936" blockId="49.[151,1437,722,1677]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Furrow spines, 6 to 9 with smaller individuals (R=1.7) bearing fewer (6 to 7) and larger individuals (R=7.2) bearing greater (8 to 9) spines, in palmate formation with weakly developed web around base of furrow spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13512A7B6600FFD2FA90E29986DBFA44" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@48.[153,1435,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 15. Crossaster taitai n. sp. Holotype USNM 1122444, A. Abactinal surface. B. Actinal surface. C. Closeup of abactinal paxillae showing spination. D. Actinal intermediate area showing inferomarginal plates. Actin=Actinal intermediate region, M=Inferomarginal plates. E. Adambulacral spines, showing furrow and subambulacral spination." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090278/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 15E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Subambulacral spines in single transverse series, 6–9, also with overall count increasing in larger individuals, ranging from 6 or
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B6600FFD2FEA0E151879AF999" box="[351,393,1544,1571]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="7.0">7 in</quantity>
|
||
R=
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B6600FFD2FE4DE150840DF999" box="[434,542,1544,1571]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3588999999999998" metricValueMax="2.286" metricValueMin="0.43179999999999996" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="5.35" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="1.7">1.7 to 9 in</quantity>
|
||
R=7.2. Oral plates with 14–15 furrow spines with elongate, paired middle spines directed into the mouth. Furrow spines form close, curved array around periphery of oral plate. Oral plate surface ridged with raised central region and deep, enlarged central fossae. Each oral plate half with 7 to 8 spines on plate surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37065756600FFD1FF68E1E382C5FE16" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6600FFD2FF68E1E3876CF96E" blockId="49.[151,1437,1723,2036]" box="[151,383,1723,1749]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<heading id="D09D81926600FFD2FF68E1E3876CF96E" bold="true" box="[151,383,1723,1749]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6600FFD2FF68E1E3876CF96E" bold="true" box="[151,383,1723,1749]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Material Examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6600FFD2FF38E1878516F8A6" blockId="49.[151,1437,1723,2036]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA36600FFD2FF38E1878516F8A6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000375" collectingDate="1966-12-02" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="/ V Eltanin" country="New Zealand" elevation="914" latitude="-40.267" location="South Pacific Ocean" longLatPrecision="69" longitude="168.283" municipality="South Pacific Ocean" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="USNM 1122444" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6600FFD2FF38E1878728F942" bold="true" box="[199,315,1759,1785]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D1885C6600FFD2FF38E1878725F942" box="[199,310,1759,1785]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E856600FFD2FEB9E1878416F942" box="[326,517,1759,1785]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">USNM 1122444</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37D766E6600FFD2FDEBE18784A3F942" box="[532,688,1759,1785]" name="New Zealand" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1AC846600FFD2FD40E18785BCF942" box="[703,943,1759,1785]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">South Pacific Ocean</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E50396600FFD2FC42E187820EF942" box="[957,1053,1759,1785]" degrees="40.267" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" precision="55" value="-40.267">−40.267</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E50396600FFD2FBD4E187829AF942" box="[1067,1161,1759,1785]" degrees="168.283" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" precision="55" value="168.283">168.283</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B6600FFD2FB67E186830DF942" box="[1176,1310,1758,1785]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.14" metricValueMax="9.15" metricValueMin="9.129999999999999" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="914.0" valueMax="915.0" valueMin="913.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0047D1CD6600FFD2FB67E186830DF942" box="[1176,1310,1758,1785]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.14" metricValueMax="9.15" metricValueMin="9.129999999999999" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="914.0" valueMax="915.0" valueMin="913.0">913–915 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Coll. R
|
||
<collectorName id="269F53286600FFD2FA7EE18786FAF8A7" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6600FFD2FF68E05A86FAF8A7" box="[151,233,1794,1820]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Eltanin</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD4103E6600FFD2FF07E05A8790F8A7" box="[248,387,1794,1821]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1966-12-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF90E9D66600FFD2FF07E05A8790F8A7" box="[248,387,1794,1821]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1966-12-02">2 Dec. 1966</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD776600FFD2FE71E05A878FF8A7" box="[398,412,1794,1820]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=3.3 r=1.7, 11 arms.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6600FFD2FF38E07E8486F8DF" blockId="49.[151,1437,1723,2036]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA36600FFD2FF38E07E8486F8DF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000388" collectingDate="1967-02-24" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R / V Eltanin" country="Australia" elevation="913" latitude="-47.325" location="Tasmania" longLatPrecision="66" longitude="147.858" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="USNM 1123099" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tasmania" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6600FFD2FF38E07E8755F8FB" bold="true" box="[199,326,1830,1856]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D1885C6600FFD2FF38E07E8752F8FB" box="[199,321,1830,1856]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E856600FFD2FEB0E07E841DF8FB" box="[335,526,1830,1856]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">USNM 1123099</specimenCode>
|
||
, Off
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AEF81C6600FFD2FDB5E07E84ABF8FB" box="[586,696,1830,1856]" country="Australia" name="Tasmania" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Tasmania</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37D766E6600FFD2FD3BE07E853DF8FB" box="[708,814,1830,1856]" name="Australia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E50396600FFD2FCC4E07E8589F8FA" box="[827,922,1830,1857]" degrees="47.325" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" precision="55" value="-47.325">−47.325</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E50396600FFD2FC57E07E8215F8FA" box="[936,1030,1830,1857]" degrees="147.858" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" precision="55" value="147.858">147.858</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B6600FFD2FBEBE07E828BF8FA" box="[1044,1176,1830,1857]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.125" metricValueMax="9.15" metricValueMin="9.1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="912.5" valueMax="915.0" valueMin="910.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0047D1CD6600FFD2FBEBE07E828BF8FA" box="[1044,1176,1830,1857]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.125" metricValueMax="9.15" metricValueMin="9.1" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="912.5" valueMax="915.0" valueMin="910.0">910–915 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="269F53286600FFD2FB19E07E837CF8FB" box="[1254,1391,1830,1856]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6600FFD2FAE2E07E837CF8FB" box="[1309,1391,1830,1856]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Eltanin</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD4103E6600FFD2FA7FE07E8719F8DF" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1967-02-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF90E9D66600FFD2FA7FE07E8719F8DF" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1967-02-24">24 Feb. 1967</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD776600FFD2FEEAE0128730F8DF" box="[277,291,1866,1892]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=3.1 r= 1.3, 10 arms.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6600FFD2FF38E036859BF817" blockId="49.[151,1437,1723,2036]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA36600FFD2FF38E036859BF817" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000373" collectingDate="1964-11-29" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R / V Eltanin" country="New Zealand" elevation="438" location="South Pacific Ocean" municipality="South Pacific Ocean" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="USNM 1122945" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chatham Islands">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E856600FFD2FF38E0368791F833" box="[199,386,1901,1928]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">USNM 1122945</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A672FDC6600FFD2FE73E03687A8F833" box="[396,443,1902,1928]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">NW</locationDeviation>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AEF81C6600FFD2FE22E0358489F83C" box="[477,666,1901,1927]" country="New Zealand" name="Chatham Islands" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Chatham Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37D766E6600FFD2FD5AE036852FF83C" box="[677,828,1901,1928]" name="New Zealand" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1AC846600FFD2FCB8E035823EF833" box="[839,1069,1901,1928]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">South Pacific Ocean</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
. −44.0250, −178.15,
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B6600FFD2FAE8E035838BF833" box="[1303,1432,1901,1928]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.375" metricValueMax="4.39" metricValueMin="4.36" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="437.5" valueMax="439.0" valueMin="436.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0047D1CD6600FFD2FAE8E035838BF833" box="[1303,1432,1901,1928]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.375" metricValueMax="4.39" metricValueMin="4.36" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="437.5" valueMax="439.0" valueMin="436.0">436–439 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="269F53286600FFD2FF2AE0C9874EF810" box="[213,349,1937,1963]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6600FFD2FEF4E0C9874EF810" box="[267,349,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Eltanin</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD4103E6600FFD2FE94E0C98416F810" box="[363,517,1937,1964]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1964-11-29">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF90E9D66600FFD2FE94E0C98416F810" box="[363,517,1937,1964]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1964-11-29">29 Nov. 1964</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD776600FFD2FDEFE0C9840DF810" box="[528,542,1937,1963]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=7.2 r=3.2, 11 arms.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6600FFD2FF38E0ED851FF84F" blockId="49.[151,1437,1723,2036]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA36600FFD2FF38E0ED851FF84F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000446" collectingDate="1965-01-31" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R / V Eltanin" country="New Zealand" elevation="949" location="South Pacific Ocean" municipality="South Pacific Ocean" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="USNM 1122442" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cook Strait">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E856600FFD2FF38E0ED879BF874" box="[199,392,1973,1999]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">USNM 1122442</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AEF81C6600FFD2FE67E0ED8433F874" box="[408,544,1973,1999]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Cook Strait</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37D766E6600FFD2FDCFE0EE84DDF874" box="[560,718,1973,2000]" name="New Zealand" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1AC846600FFD2FD21E0ED85DCF874" box="[734,975,1973,1999]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">South Pacific Ocean</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
. −41.7, 175.425,
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B6600FFD2FB5FE0ED830FF86B" box="[1184,1308,1973,2000]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.485" metricValueMax="9.51" metricValueMin="9.459999999999999" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="948.5" valueMax="951.0" valueMin="946.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0047D1CD6600FFD2FB5FE0ED830FF86B" box="[1184,1308,1973,2000]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.485" metricValueMax="9.51" metricValueMin="9.459999999999999" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="948.5" valueMax="951.0" valueMin="946.0">946–951m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="269F53286600FFD2FA91E0ED86FAF848" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6600FFD2FF68E08186FAF848" box="[151,233,2009,2035]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Eltanin</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD4103E6600FFD2FF07E081879AF84F" box="[248,393,2009,2036]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1965-01-31">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF90E9D66600FFD2FF07E081879AF84F" box="[248,393,2009,2036]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="1965-01-31">31 Jan. 1965</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD776600FFD2FE6BE08187B1F848" box="[404,418,2009,2035]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=1.7 r=0.9, 11 arms.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6603FFD1FF38E7CF8297FF6E" blockId="50.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA36603FFD1FF38E7CF8297FF6E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000346" collectingDate="1965-01-31" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="R / V Eltanin" country="New Zealand" elevation="949" location="South Pacific Ocean" municipality="South Pacific Ocean" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCode="USNM 1676567" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cook Strait">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E856603FFD1FF38E7CF879AFF0A" box="[199,393,150,177]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">USNM 1676567</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49AEF81C6603FFD1FE66E7CF8432FF0A" box="[409,545,151,177]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Cook Strait</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37D766E6603FFD1FDCEE7CF84DDFF0A" box="[561,718,151,177]" name="New Zealand" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1AC846603FFD1FD21E7CF85C3FF0A" box="[734,976,151,177]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">South Pacific Ocean</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
. −41.7, 175.425,
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B6603FFD1FB5FE7CE830FFF0A" box="[1184,1308,150,177]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.485" metricValueMax="9.51" metricValueMin="9.459999999999999" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="948.5" valueMax="951.0" valueMin="946.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0047D1CD6603FFD1FB5FE7CE830FFF0A" box="[1184,1308,150,177]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.485" metricValueMax="9.51" metricValueMin="9.459999999999999" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="948.5" valueMax="951.0" valueMin="946.0">946–951m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="269F53286603FFD1FA91E7CF86FAFF6E" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
R/V
|
||
<emphasis id="B91EEAEC6603FFD1FF68E7E386FAFF6E" box="[151,233,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Eltanin</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD4103E6603FFD1FF07E7E3879AFF6E" box="[248,393,186,213]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1965-01-31">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF90E9D66603FFD1FF07E7E3879AFF6E" box="[248,393,186,213]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1965-01-31">31 Jan. 1965</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD776603FFD1FE6BE7E387B1FF6E" box="[404,418,187,213]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. (fragments but overall diameter approximately 3.0 cm).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6603FFD1FF38E78784B8FEA6" blockId="50.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA36603FFD1FF38E78784B8FEA6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000328" collectingDate="1968-01-24" collectionCode="NIWA" collectorName="NIWA" country="New Zealand" location="South Pacific Ocean" municipality="South Pacific Ocean" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCode="NIWA 2025" specimenCount="414" specimenCount-male="413">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E856603FFD1FF38E7878742FF42" box="[199,337,222,249]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">NIWA 2025</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A672FDC6603FFD1FEA2E78787A4FF42" box="[349,439,223,249]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Off east</locationDeviation>
|
||
coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37D766E6603FFD1FDE1E78784A4FF42" box="[542,695,223,249]" name="New Zealand" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1AC846603FFD1FD3CE78785B8FF42" box="[707,939,223,249]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">South Pacific Ocean</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, −43.583333, −179.25,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD776603FFD1FB47E7878315FF42" box="[1208,1286,223,249]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="male">
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B6603FFD1FB47E7878311FF42" box="[1208,1282,223,249]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.13" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="413.0">413 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="269F53286603FFD1FAB3E787838BFF42" box="[1356,1432,223,249]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">NIWA</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD4103E6603FFD1FF68E65B873AFEA6" box="[151,297,259,285]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1968-01-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF90E9D66603FFD1FF68E65B873AFEA6" box="[151,297,259,285]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1968-01-24">24 Jan. 1968</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD776603FFD1FECBE65B8751FEA6" box="[308,322,259,285]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=6.2 r=2.7, 11 arms.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6603FFD1FF38E67F84B8FEDE" blockId="50.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA36603FFD1FF38E67F84B8FEDE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000350" collectingDate="1968-01-24" collectionCode="NIWA" collectorName="NIWA" country="New Zealand" location="South Pacific Ocean" municipality="South Pacific Ocean" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCode="NIWA 45143" specimenCount="414" specimenCount-male="413">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E856603FFD1FF38E67F874DFEFA" box="[199,350,294,321]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">NIWA 45143</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A672FDC6603FFD1FE96E67F87D1FEFA" box="[361,450,295,321]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Off east</locationDeviation>
|
||
coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37D766E6603FFD1FDD9E67F84ACFEFA" box="[550,703,295,321]" name="New Zealand" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1AC846603FFD1FD35E67F85A3FEFA" box="[714,944,295,321]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">South Pacific Ocean</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, −43.583333, −179.25,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD776603FFD1FB45E67F831BFEFA" box="[1210,1288,295,321]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="male">
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B6603FFD1FB45E67F8317FEFA" box="[1210,1284,295,321]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.13" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="413.0">413 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="269F53286603FFD1FAB3E67F838BFEFA" box="[1356,1432,295,321]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">NIWA</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD4103E6603FFD1FF68E613873AFEDE" box="[151,297,331,357]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1968-01-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF90E9D66603FFD1FF68E613873AFEDE" box="[151,297,331,357]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1968-01-24">24 Jan. 1968</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD776603FFD1FECBE6138751FEDE" box="[308,322,331,357]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">1</specimenCount>
|
||
dry spec. R=6.0 r=2.8, 11 arms.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD536FE6603FFD1FF38E63782C5FE16" blockId="50.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B023CA36603FFD1FF38E63782C5FE16" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4139000423" collectingDate="1968-01-24" collectionCode="NIWA" collectorName="NIWA" country="New Zealand" location="South Pacific Ocean" municipality="South Pacific Ocean" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" specimenCode="NIWA 45145" specimenCount="417" specimenCount-male="413">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBCC9E856603FFD1FF38E637874DFE32" box="[199,350,366,393]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">NIWA 45145</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A672FDC6603FFD1FE96E63787D1FE32" box="[361,450,367,393]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Off east</locationDeviation>
|
||
coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37D766E6603FFD1FDD9E63784ACFE32" box="[550,703,367,393]" name="New Zealand" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1AC846603FFD1FD35E63785A3FE32" box="[714,944,367,393]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">South Pacific Ocean</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, −43.583333, −179.25,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD776603FFD1FB45E637831BFE32" box="[1210,1288,367,393]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="male">
|
||
<quantity id="4C929B1B6603FFD1FB45E6378317FE32" box="[1210,1284,367,393]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.13" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="413.0">413 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="269F53286603FFD1FAB3E637838BFE32" box="[1356,1432,367,393]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">NIWA</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFD4103E6603FFD1FF68E6CB873AFE16" box="[151,297,403,429]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1968-01-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF90E9D66603FFD1FF68E6CB873AFE16" box="[151,297,403,429]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1968-01-24">24 Jan. 1968</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6CFD776603FFD1FECBE6CB8751FE16" box="[308,322,403,429]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">4</specimenCount>
|
||
dry specs. R=8.2 r=3.5, R=6.9 r=2.6, R=6.1 r=2.6, R=2.9 r=1.2, all with 11 arms.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |