159 lines
17 KiB
XML
159 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="3AEE2C2C7870B3077F0B85B7C7F5534A" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930010023466" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5299771" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629999304536" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Skartveit, John" docDate="2010" docId="03AE752CFF96DA1C627DDED4FC78B203" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.36.4.449-485.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 36 (4)" docSource="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00222930010023466" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C540815C53297EEE0623138269730482.2:JNatHist.2000-2002.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="C540815C53297EEE0623138269730482" docStyleName="JNatHist.2000-2002.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Bibio marci" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="462" masterDocId="FF970D54FF9ADA126315DD39FFB7B03F" masterDocTitle="The larvae of European Bibioninae (Diptera, Bibionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="485" masterPageNumber="449" pageNumber="460" updateTime="1699135042207" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="4DF8A488E14D040E33337599F245CE5C">
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<mods:title id="1E92764F04F96415C1CAA791309C3C34">The larvae of European Bibioninae (Diptera, Bibionidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="AC28D449218C957A09CE8338DE59C02B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5AE783686C6758F486AF87865A2AF4DB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6DB3C86DAD37B32BE3FC80BD901DC1E3">Skartveit, John</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D5E6AD97E63DF7110E88A0B04F50DCE7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="3465B39CEBFFBB8272A82150A2657E0E">
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<mods:title id="EAEA3F01CCC3808525BEC8F4A624ABE7">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="7A38E0554F7437902FB6E980008ABAC6">
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<mods:date id="9C505CE8250BC0607BEB4ED810AC0498">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="6978725E654BB3D904526ACF47F3992F" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="D5DE231B017EFC53AB238518E1D18E7D">2010-12-03</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="69EE9B580206CA50C4BCD820788E7292" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="DB43C1E572ADC5664A389BEC7EB3AA5E">36</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="5B2C25DDC2B3C17F905B426459C13457" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="471720CC271570A669B972A5F83A3A83">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="086CD654CFFB5F2E7DD78D9DB0D116DC">449</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="24DFC0C3FE243FA895D3169EAEAA93E9">485</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="1788D8E7B29B9DFABEB4B3931FAD1129">
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<mods:url id="B047E97856092DD867CFC3FB9513235B">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00222930010023466</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="16D879E022A85673842FD3673EB29221">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="71860EB6806CDA905E1838D8A0738B0E" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930010023466</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="55187BC0E325C8CD621A13396FE218A6" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C36C5F40942F06A935D434D7C3168700" type="Zenodo-Dep">5299771</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AE752CFF96DA1C627DDED4FC78B203" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306402" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5306402" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE752CFF96DA1C627DDED4FC78B203" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE752CFF96DA1C627DDED4FC78B203" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="12" pageNumber="460">
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<subSubSection id="C31D97B1FF96DA1E627DDED4FDF4B405" pageId="12" pageNumber="460" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF96DA1E627DDED4FCDCB43A" blockId="12.[360,875,1005,1030]" box="[360,875,1005,1030]" pageId="12" pageNumber="460">
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<heading id="D0F07356FF96DA1E627DDED4FCDCB43A" box="[360,875,1005,1030]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="460" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C07BFB9FF96DA1E627DDED4FD01B43A" ID-CoL="LR9L" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[360,694,1005,1029]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Bibio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marci">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF96DA1E627DDED4FE5EB43A" bold="true" box="[360,489,1005,1029]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="460">Bibio marci</emphasis>
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(Linnaeus, 1758)
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</taxonomicName>
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(®gures 19±25)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF96DA1E63A6D91AFDF4B405" blockId="12.[140,1095,1058,1687]" box="[179,579,1058,1082]" pageId="12" pageNumber="460">
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Larva described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF96B9CBFF96DA1E628DD91BFD89B405" author="MORRIS, H. M." box="[408,574,1058,1082]" pageId="12" pageNumber="460" pagination="232" refId="ref16049" refString="MORRIS, H. M., 1921, The larval and pupal stages of the Bibionidae, Bulletin of Entomologica l Research, 12, 221 ± 232." type="journal article" year="1921">Morris (1921)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D97B1FF96DA1C63A6D97AFC78B203" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="12" pageNumber="460" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF96DA1E63A6D97AFC64B465" blockId="12.[140,1095,1058,1687]" box="[179,979,1090,1115]" pageId="12" pageNumber="460">Large, greyish, dull, head capsule black, larger cuticular spines black.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF96DA1E63A6D958FC85B446" blockId="12.[140,1095,1058,1687]" box="[179,818,1121,1145]" pageId="12" pageNumber="460">
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Total length
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF96DA1E6252D958FE53B446" box="[327,484,1121,1145]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.35" metricValueMin="2.05" pageId="12" pageNumber="460" unit="mm" value="22.0" valueMax="23.5" valueMin="20.5">20.5±23.5 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF96DA1E62E3D95BFDB4B446" box="[502,515,1122,1145]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="460">n</emphasis>
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= 5, collected in January).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF96DA1E63A6D9B8FD04B5A7" blockId="12.[140,1095,1058,1687]" pageId="12" pageNumber="460">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF96DA1E63A6D9B8FF41B4A6" box="[179,246,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="460">Head.</emphasis>
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Head capsule black, width in last instar
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF96DA1E61FDD9B8FC32B4A6" box="[744,901,1153,1177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.39" metricValueMax="1.42" metricValueMin="1.36" pageId="12" pageNumber="460" unit="mm" value="1.39" valueMax="1.42" valueMin="1.36">1.36±1.42 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF96DA1E608DD9BBFC12B4A6" box="[920,933,1154,1177]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="460">n</emphasis>
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= 5). Labrum (®gure 19) with three pairs of large sensillae and one pair of short setae on the transverse carina. Mandible (®gure 20) with four teeth. Maxilla (®gure 21) without a comb of teeth, lateral part of fore margin evenly rounded, mesally with one distinct tooth. Inner surface with long, slender spines and 10±12 round`holes’. Maxillary palp with a row of approximately eight spines on membraneous area. Prementum (®gure 21) rather wide with prominent anterior corners and indistinct mesal projection, 8±10 sensillae. Stemmata absent. Antenna diameter
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF96DA1E6034D85BFC8DB546" box="[801,826,1378,1401]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="460">ca</emphasis>
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF96DA1E6057D858FCD8B546" box="[834,879,1377,1401]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="460" unit="m" value="70.0">
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70
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF96DA1E6074D858FCD8B546" bold="true" box="[865,879,1377,1401]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="460">m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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m with one or two large and three to four smaller conical sensillae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF96DA1C63A6D898FB8EB1A3" blockId="12.[140,1095,1058,1687]" lastBlockId="14.[140,1095,133,572]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="462" pageId="12" pageNumber="460">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF96DA1E63A6D898FF43B586" box="[179,244,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="460">Body.</emphasis>
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Processes slender. Post-spiracular process absent on prothorax, situated above spiracle on metathorax. Otherwise post-spiracular processes approximately ®ve spiracle diameters long, situated 2.5 spiracle diameters posterior to spiracle. Dorsal process row with lateral processes approximately twice as long as the two mesal processes, submesal processes slightly longer than mesal ones. Processes on ninth abdominal segment situated near hind border of segment. Spiracles rather small, protruding approximately one-half spiracle diameter from body surface. Cuticle: cuticular scales with black spines, contrasting against scales. Prothorax (®gure 22) scales on anterior part rounded, well separated, regular in outline,
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF97DA1F6399DB19FF55B607" box="[140,226,1568,1592]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="461" unit="m" value="32.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="25.0">
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25± 40
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF97DA1F63C1DB19FF55B607" bold="true" box="[212,226,1568,1592]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="461">m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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m wide with one to four spines, in the extreme anterior area with one size of scales only, smaller unarmed scales,
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF97DA1F6172DB79FD06B667" box="[615,689,1600,1624]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="461" unit="m" value="13.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="6.0">
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6±20
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||
<emphasis id="B9731828FF97DA1F61B6DB79FD06B667" bold="true" box="[675,689,1600,1624]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="461">m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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m wide between the larger, spinebearing ones from just anterior to ®rst process row caudad. A few multispine scales,
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF97DA1F6399DB46FF55B6A8" box="[140,226,1663,1687]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="461" unit="m" value="37.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="30.0">
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30±45
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||
<emphasis id="B9731828FF97DA1F63C1DB46FF55B6A8" bold="true" box="[212,226,1663,1687]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="461">m</emphasis>
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||
</quantity>
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m wide with 5±10 spines, present between processes in ®rst process row. Most posterior part covered by large multispine and smaller unarmed scales. Metathorax (®gure 23) with rounded scales in three size categories: largest scales
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF94DA1C6399DDFCFF55B0E2" box="[140,226,197,221]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="37.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="30.0">
|
||
30±45
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||
<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C63C1DDFCFF55B0E2" bold="true" box="[212,226,197,221]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">m</emphasis>
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||
</quantity>
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||
m wide, each with several spines, intermediate scales
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||
<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF94DA1C6041DDFCFC2AB0E2" box="[852,925,197,221]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="10.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="6.0">
|
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6±15
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||
<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C609ADDFCFC2AB0E2" bold="true" box="[911,925,197,221]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">m</emphasis>
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||
</quantity>
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||
m wide with a single spine and small unarmed scales. First abdominal segment with large, nearly circular scales with fewer spines, many single-spine scales. Fourth abdominal segment (®gure 24), larger scales
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF94DA1C62B3DC1CFE4AB102" box="[422,509,293,317]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="37.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="30.0">
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30±45
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||
<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C62FADC1CFE4AB102" bold="true" box="[495,509,293,317]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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m wide mostly with one but some with up to three spines, smaller scales
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF94DA1C6269DC7CFE71B162" box="[380,454,325,349]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="10.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="8.0">
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8±13
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C62ADDC7CFE71B162" bold="true" box="[440,454,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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m wide, unarmed or with a short spine. Ninth abdominal segment (®gure 25) covered by single-spine scales,
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<quantity id="4CFF69DFFF94DA1C61CDDC5CFC98B142" box="[728,815,357,381]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" unit="m" value="47.5" valueMax="55.0" valueMin="40.0">
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||
40±55
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||
<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C6034DC5CFC98B142" bold="true" box="[801,815,357,381]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">m</emphasis>
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</quantity>
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m wide. Venter of ninth abdominal segment with scales smaller than dorsum, but otherwise rather similar.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF7894B2FF97DA1F6399D85FFCDBB5F5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5299781" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5299781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5299781/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="461" startId="13.[140,156,1382,1403]" targetBox="[143,1090,130,1352]" targetPageId="13">
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF97DA1F6399D85FFCDBB5F5" blockId="13.[140,1095,1381,1482]" pageId="13" pageNumber="461">
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FIGS 19±25.
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF97DA1F6234D85CFE17B544" box="[289,416,1381,1403]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="461">
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<taxonomicName id="4C07BFB9FF97DA1F6234D85CFE2DB544" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[289,410,1381,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Bibio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marci">Bibio marci</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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(19) Labrum, dorsal view. (20) Mandible, internal view. (21) Maxilla and prementum, ventral view. (22) Cuticle of dorsal side of prothorax. (23) Cuticle of dorsal side of metathorax. (24) Cuticle of dorsal side of fourth abdominal segment. (25) Cuticle of dorsal side of ninth abdominal segment.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF94DA1C63A6DC9DFC97B183" blockId="14.[140,1095,133,572]" box="[179,800,420,444]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C63A6DC9DFE88B183" box="[179,319,420,444]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Europe north to Southern Scandinavia.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF94DA1C63A6DCFDFE82B223" blockId="14.[140,1095,133,572]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C63A6DCFDFEA3B1E3" box="[179,276,452,476]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">Ecology.</emphasis>
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Mainly on seashore meadows at the northern border of its distribution, but rather eurytopical further south.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF96B9CBFF94DA1C6141DCDDFD5BB1C3" author="ALLEN, A. A." box="[596,748,484,508]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" pagination="228" refId="ref14866" refString="ALLEN, A. A., 1974, Bibio marci L. (Dipt., Bibionidae) bred from a rotten stump, Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 110, 228." type="journal article" year="1974">Allen (1974)</bibRefCitation>
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bred the species from welldecayed wood.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8C43AFF94DA1C63A6DF1DFC78B203" blockId="14.[140,1095,133,572]" box="[179,975,548,572]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">
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<emphasis id="B9731828FF94DA1C63A6DF1DFEABB203" box="[179,284,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">Material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B6FCE67FF94DA1C6222DF1DFC71B203" box="[311,966,548,572]" collectorName="Christine Dahl" country="Sweden" location="Sweden" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-larva="6">
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<collectingCountry id="F31084AAFF94DA1C6222DF1DFE3AB203" box="[311,397,548,572]" name="Sweden" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">Sweden</collectingCountry>
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, Sk: Revingehed ex coll.
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<collectorName id="26F2A1ECFF94DA1C61A6DF1DFCECB203" box="[691,859,548,572]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462">Christine Dahl</collectorName>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D010FB3FF94DA1C6079DF1DFC71B203" box="[876,966,548,572]" pageId="14" pageNumber="462" type="larva">6 larvae</specimenCount>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |