371 lines
36 KiB
XML
371 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="220831EFFF235D2E4A0F60EFCC43254F" ID-CLB-Dataset="29567" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4482.3.10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="68fb12da-1fd0-4eb1-8721-8a6ee35186e2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1422175" ID-ZooBank="082CDE81-5237-4DED-BDB5-946C48A42775" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1537418324832" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Longo, Gary C., Bernardi, Giacomo & Lea, Robert N." docDate="2018" docId="03AB87E3FFDCC9679ADDFF2327E51F3D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4482.3.10.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4482 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Embiotocidae" docType="key" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="595" masterDocId="FF92FF9BFFDFC9639A4AFFBB227E1918" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revisions within Embiotocidae (Teleostei, Perciformes) based on molecular phylogenetics" masterLastPageNumber="596" masterPageNumber="591" pageNumber="594" updateTime="1698554565678" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="A7E8580D753F0B2FC101EB97EA1A5509" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="02E39851D969596E0117288D6E03E831">
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<mods:title id="5966FAB707584F909AF5711B766ACEB0">Taxonomic revisions within Embiotocidae (Teleostei, Perciformes) based on molecular phylogenetics</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="ADF040EFE8067CA672ACF0069E53A11B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D48A2064230BF32C241E8715342C5A77">Longo, Gary C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="57099C0582ACE292931F9B9AC3A72F4B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3E1E01F51E81F37B43F4826DDC4B7111">Bernardi, Giacomo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="5F5C0B58D01B12CCE51D02A25FE9CD09" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="87361380BDC4C0330F8B7776E54DE261">Lea, Robert N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="400DA19300BAC59182FAC0B297209585">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="87A5977C2BB0496A6001E698505FCE39">
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<mods:title id="1836483E7607E2AB58C7E458F08EA7E7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="05481A874B520BF85839D4B99A4C7B89">
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<mods:date id="8642105F602765A4FC035BBE424BFED0">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="08AC449D3CB0BB44AB79E96F3031F29A" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="1E80DFF1EC5F0F11ECA8B28F3AA09710">2018-09-19</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E72732CCC90395621F1490C10900340A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="4D0578CE664A5AC76ACBB6DA759F655F">4482</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="04D4FC9F87D76B6739773C5D24077AF4" type="issue">
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<mods:classification id="366E752952689AB480A719A71A963896">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FD64145B78CACDDFC051462C6CBB918F" type="CLB-Dataset">29567</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7DF17FFD7ADB9A5EADEA2094384B7425" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4482.3.10</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AB87E3FFDCC9679ADDFF2327E51F3D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6485423" ID-GBIF-Taxon="147650431" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6485423" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB87E3FFDCC9679ADDFF2327E51F3D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AB87E3FFDCC9679ADDFF2327E51F3D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="595" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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<subSubSection id="C318657EFFDCC9609ADDFF2321D019CB" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDFF23203719AA" blockId="3.[151,942,152,211]" box="[151,585,152,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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<heading id="D0F58199FFDCC9609ADDFF23203719AA" bold="true" box="[151,585,152,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDCC9609ADDFF23203719AA" bold="true" box="[151,585,152,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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Key to species of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDCC9609BD6FF23203719AA" ID-CoL="9N7" ID-ENA="50791" box="[412,585,152,178]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Embiotocidae</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDFF0021D019CB" blockId="3.[151,942,152,211]" box="[151,942,186,211]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Note: coloration descriptions refer to liVe or freshly caught specimens.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C318657EFFDCC9679ADDFF4627E51F3D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="595" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" type="key">
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<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDCC9609ADDFF4627E2189F" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDFF4620CE1872" blockId="3.[151,1436,253,655]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDCC9609ADDFF4620CE1872" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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1A Species occurring in
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<collectingCountry id="F3157665FFDCC9609BE4FF462075180A" box="[430,523,253,274]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">East Asia</collectingCountry>
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[the western North Pacific;
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<collectingCountry id="F3157665FFDCC9609955FF462122180A" box="[799,860,253,274]" name="South Korea" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Korea</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3157665FFDCC960992DFF4621DE180A" box="[871,928,253,274]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Japan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3157665FFDCC96099E1FF462199180A" box="[939,999,253,274]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">China</collectingCountry>
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, Sea of
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<collectingCountry id="F3157665FFDCC9609E7CFF462611180A" box="[1078,1135,253,274]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Japan</collectingCountry>
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, Yellow Sea]. Four species are known from this area:
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDCC9609BF3FEA220E21837" ID-CoL="46G9R" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1883" box="[441,668,281,303]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Neoditrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ransonnetii">
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<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDCC9609BF3FEA220E21837" box="[441,668,281,303]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Neoditrema ransonnetii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDCC96098E7FEA121361837" ID-CoL="36Z5C" authorityName="Franz" authorityYear="1910" box="[685,840,281,303]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Ditrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jordani">
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<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDCC96098E7FEA121361837" box="[685,840,281,303]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Ditrema jordani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDCC960991EFEA121A71837" ID-CoL="36Z5K" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1853" box="[852,985,281,303]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Ditrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="temminckii">
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<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDCC960991EFEA121A71837" box="[852,985,281,303]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">D. temminckii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDCC9609E44FEA1261D1837" ID-CoL="36Z5N" box="[1038,1123,281,303]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Ditrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viride">
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<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDCC9609E44FEA1261D1837" box="[1038,1123,281,303]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">D. viride</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDCC9609E9DFEA127581837" ID-CoL="474X" box="[1239,1318,282,303]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Ditrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDCC9609E9DFEA127581837" box="[1239,1318,282,303]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Ditrema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was revised by Katafuchi and Nakabo (2007) and included a key to species.
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDCC9609908FE8C21CC1855" ID-CoL="5ZCX" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1883" box="[834,946,311,333]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Neoditrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDCC9609908FE8C21CC1855" box="[834,946,311,333]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Neoditrema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDCC9609ECDFE8326A91855" ID-CoL="474X" box="[1159,1239,312,333]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Ditrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDCC9609ECDFE8326A91855" box="[1159,1239,312,333]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Ditrema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by number of dorsal spines;
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDCC9609B63FEEF23E41872" ID-CoL="5ZCX" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1883" box="[297,410,340,362]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Neoditrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDCC9609B63FEEF23E41872" box="[297,410,340,362]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Neoditrema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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VI–VIII vs.
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDCC960985FFEEE201A1872" ID-CoL="474X" box="[533,612,341,362]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Ditrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDCC960985FFEEE201A1872" box="[533,612,341,362]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Ditrema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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IX–XI.
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDFEC927E2189F" blockId="3.[151,1436,253,655]" box="[151,1436,370,391]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDCC9609ADDFEC927E2189F" box="[151,1436,370,391]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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1B Species occurring in the eastern North Pacific;
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<collectingRegion id="49C6F817FFDCC96098EFFEC92096189F" box="[677,744,370,391]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Alaska</collectingRegion>
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to
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<collectingRegion id="49C6F817FFDCC960994CFEC921E7189F" box="[774,921,370,391]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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Baja
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<collectingRegion id="49C6F817FFDCC9609972FEC921E7189F" box="[824,921,370,391]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">California</collectingRegion>
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</collectingRegion>
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and Gulf of
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<collectingRegion id="49C6F817FFDCC9609E59FEC9260A189F" box="[1043,1140,370,391]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">California</collectingRegion>
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....................... 2
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDCC9609ADDFE3427E518DA" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDFE3427E518BD" blockId="3.[151,1436,253,655]" box="[151,1435,399,421]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDCC9609ADDFE3427E518BD" box="[151,1435,399,421]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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2A Dorsal spines XV – XVIII; occurrence in freshwater, rarely brackish water........................
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDCC9609E86FE2B27E518BD" ID-CoL="6N573" authorityName="Gibbons" authorityYear="1854" box="[1228,1435,399,421]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Hysterocarpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="traskii">
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<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDCC9609E86FE2B27E518BD" box="[1228,1435,399,421]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Hysterocarpus traskii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDFE1627E518DA" blockId="3.[151,1436,253,655]" box="[151,1435,429,450]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDCC9609ADDFE1627E518DA" box="[151,1435,429,450]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">2B Dorsal spines XII or less; marine, some species estuarine...................................................... 3</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDCC9609ADDFE7127E518E4" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDFE7127E218C7" blockId="3.[151,1436,253,655]" box="[151,1436,457,479]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDCC9609ADDFE7127E218C7" box="[151,1436,457,479]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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3A Lips thick and fleshy; center of lower lip with 2 ventral lobes....................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDCC9609E91FE7227E218C7" ID-CoL="4RX27" baseAuthorityName="Agassiz" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[1243,1436,457,479]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Rhacochilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="toxotes">
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<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDCC9609E91FE7227E218C7" box="[1243,1436,457,479]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Rhacochilus toxotes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDFE5C27E518E4" blockId="3.[151,1436,253,655]" box="[151,1435,487,508]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDCC9609ADDFE5C27E518E4" box="[151,1435,487,508]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">3B Lips not especially thick and only moderately fleshy; lower lip lacking ventral lobes................................ 4</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDCC9609ADDFDBE27E51B2F" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDFDBE27E21B02" blockId="3.[151,1436,253,655]" box="[151,1436,516,538]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDCC9609ADDFDBE27E21B02" box="[151,1436,516,538]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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4A Patch of enlarged scales in area posterior to pectoral fins.......................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDCC9609E94FDBF27E21B02" ID-CoL="39FYS" box="[1246,1436,516,538]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Embiotoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jacksoni">
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<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDCC9609E94FDBF27E21B02" box="[1246,1436,516,538]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Embiotoca jacksoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDFD9927E51B2F" blockId="3.[151,1436,253,655]" box="[151,1435,546,567]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDCC9609ADDFD9927E51B2F" box="[151,1435,546,567]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">4B No patch of enlarged scales posterior to pectoral fins.......................................................... 5</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDCC9609ADDFD8427E51B6A" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDFD8427E51B4C" blockId="3.[151,1436,253,655]" box="[151,1435,575,596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
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<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDCC9609ADDFD8427E51B4C" box="[151,1435,575,596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">5A Anal fin without a row of scales extending onto the base of anal fin.............................................. 8</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDFDE627E51B6A" blockId="3.[151,1436,253,655]" box="[151,1435,605,626]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDCC9609ADDFDE627E51B6A" box="[151,1435,605,626]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">5B Anal fin with a row of scales extending onto the base of anal fin................................................ 6</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDFDC127E51B97" blockId="3.[151,1436,253,655]" box="[151,1435,633,655]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
|
||
<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDCC9609ADDFDC127E51B97" box="[151,1435,633,655]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDCC9609ADDFDC127E51B97" box="[151,1435,633,655]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
|
||
6A Upper lip extending slightly beyond mandible; fins typically dusky, not reddish..................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDCC9609EFDFDC227E51B97" ID-CoL="D639" authorityName="Agassiz" authorityYear="1854" box="[1207,1435,633,655]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Amphistichus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="argenteus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDCC9609EFDFDC227E51B97" box="[1207,1435,633,655]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Amphistichus argenteus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDFBAE27E51D32" blockId="3.[151,1435,1045,1066]" box="[151,1435,1045,1066]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">6B Jaws typically subequal or lower lip slightly projecting; fins reddish including caudal................................ 7</paragraph>
|
||
<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDCC9609ADDFA1427E21F05" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDFA1427E51CFA" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDCC9609ADDFA1427E51CFA" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
|
||
7A Dorsal fin spines and soft-rays approximately equal in length; rakers on lower limb of first gill arch 14–18.....................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDCC9609E96FA7727E51CFA" ID-CoL="D63B" baseAuthorityName="Hubbs" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[1244,1435,1484,1506]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Amphistichus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="koelzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDCC9609E96FA7727E51CFA" box="[1244,1435,1484,1506]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Amphistichus koelzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDFA5127E21F05" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDCC9609ADDFA5127E21F05" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
|
||
7B Longest dorsal fin spines noticeably longer that soft-rays; rakers on lower limb of first gill arch 10–14....................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDCC9609EE6F9BC27E21F05" ID-CoL="D63C" baseAuthorityName="Agassiz" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[1196,1436,1543,1565]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Amphistichus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="594" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhodoterus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDCC9609EE6F9BC27E21F05" box="[1196,1436,1543,1565]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">Amphistichus rhodoterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDCC9609ADDF99E27E51F22" blockId="3.[151,1436,1455,1594]" box="[151,1435,1573,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
|
||
<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDCC9609ADDF99E27E51F22" box="[151,1435,1573,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDCC9609ADDF99E27E51F22" box="[151,1435,1573,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="594">8A Lower lip without a frenum.............................................................................. 9</keyLead>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFF2C27E519B4" blockId="4.[151,1435,151,172]" box="[151,1435,151,172]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">8B Lower lip with frenum present.......................................................................... 12</paragraph>
|
||
<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDBC9679ADDFD3927E51BAC" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFD3927E21B8F" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" box="[151,1436,641,663]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFD3927E21B8F" box="[151,1436,641,663]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
9A Conspicuous black spot on spinous part of dorsal fin and anterior portion of anal fin................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDBC9679E88FD3A27E21B8F" box="[1218,1436,641,663]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Hypocritichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="595" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="analis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDBC9679E88FD3A27E21B8F" box="[1218,1436,641,663]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">Hypocritichthys analis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFD2427E51BAC" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" box="[151,1435,671,692]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFD2427E51BAC" box="[151,1435,671,692]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">9B No conspicuous spot on dorsal or anal fin................................................................. 10</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDBC9679ADDFD0627E51A14" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFD0627E21BF7" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFD0627E21BF7" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
10A Body elongate; total length 3 times greatest body depth; body tinged with yellow, scales with black flecking...............................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDBC9679EE7FD6227E21BF7" ID-CoL="6C74L" authorityName="Gibbons" authorityYear="1854" box="[1197,1436,729,751]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Cymatogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="595" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aggregata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDBC9679EE7FD6227E21BF7" box="[1197,1436,729,751]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">Cymatogaster aggregata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFD4C27E51A14" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" box="[151,1435,759,780]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFD4C27E51A14" box="[151,1435,759,780]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">10B Body ovoid; total length less than 3 times body depth; body silvery, scales without black flecking..................... 11</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDBC9679ADDFCAE27E21A5F" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFCAE27E51A32" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" box="[151,1435,789,810]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFCAE27E51A32" box="[151,1435,789,810]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
11A Pelvic fins with black tips; 20–23 rakers on lower limb or first gill arch......................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDBC9679ED1FCAE27E51A32" ID-CoL="6MPPH" authorityName="Gibbons" authorityYear="1854" box="[1179,1435,789,810]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Hyperprosopon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="595" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="argenteum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDBC9679ED1FCAE27E51A32" box="[1179,1435,789,810]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">Hyperprosopon argenteum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFC8927E21A5F" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" box="[151,1436,817,839]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFC8927E21A5F" box="[151,1436,817,839]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
11B Pelvic fins without black tips; 15–19 rakers on lower limb of gill arch........................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDBC9679EEAFC8927E21A5F" ID-CoL="6MPPG" baseAuthorityName="Gibbons" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[1184,1436,817,839]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Hyperprosopon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="595" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ellipticum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDBC9679EEAFC8927E21A5F" box="[1184,1436,817,839]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">Hyperprosopon ellipticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDBC9679ADDFCF427E51A9A" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFCF427E51A7D" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" box="[151,1435,847,869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFCF427E51A7D" box="[151,1435,847,869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
12A Body uniformly pinkish; last anal soft-ray thread-like..........................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDBC9679E97FCF427E51A7D" ID-CoL="7GDF5" baseAuthorityName="Jordan & Gilbert" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[1245,1435,847,869]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Zalembius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="595" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rosaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDBC9679E97FCF427E51A7D" box="[1245,1435,847,869]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">Zalembius rosaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFCD627E51A9A" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" box="[151,1435,877,898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFCD627E51A9A" box="[151,1435,877,898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">12B Body coloration not as above; last anal soft ray normal, not elongated........................................... 13</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDBC9679ADDFC3127E51AA4" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFC3127E51A87" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" box="[151,1435,906,927]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFC3127E51A87" box="[151,1435,906,927]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">13A Body without stripes.................................................................................. 15</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFC1C27E51AA4" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" box="[151,1435,935,956]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFC1C27E51AA4" box="[151,1435,935,956]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">13B Body with blue, red, and/or yellow stripes................................................................. 14</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDBC9679ADDFC7E27E51D2A" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFC7E27E51AEF" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFC7E27E51AEF" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
14A Profile of abdomen essentially straight; snout extending beyond lower jaw; anal fin base shorter than distance from pelvic base to anal fin origin..........................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDBC9679EB2FC5A27E51AEF" ID-CoL="39FYP" authorityName="Agassiz" authorityYear="1853" box="[1272,1435,993,1015]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Embiotoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="595" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caryi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDBC9679EB2FC5A27E51AEF" box="[1272,1435,993,1015]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">Embiotoca caryi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFC4427E51D2A" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFC4427E51D2A" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
14B Profile of abdomen convex; jaws subequal, terminal; anal fin base longer than distance from pelvic base to anal fin origin.........................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDBC9679E97FBA727E51D2A" ID-CoL="39FYT" authorityName="Agassiz" authorityYear="1854" box="[1245,1435,1052,1074]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Embiotoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="595" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lateralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDBC9679E97FBA727E51D2A" box="[1245,1435,1052,1074]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">Embiotoca lateralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDBC9679ADDFB8127E51DBF" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFB8127E51D74" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFB8127E51D74" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">15A Anal fin base longer than distance from base of last anal soft-ray to end of scales on midcaudal ray; caudal fin deeply forked.................................................................................................... 18</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFBCE27E51DBF" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFBCE27E51DBF" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">15B Anal fin base shorter than distance from base of last anal soft-ray to end of scales on midcaudal ray; caudal fin only slightly forked............................................................................................. 16</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDBC9679ADDFB1427E51DFA" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFB1427E51DDD" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" box="[151,1435,1199,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFB1427E51DDD" box="[151,1435,1199,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
16A Lower jaw slightly projecting; axilla of pectoral fin with no black marking........................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDBC9679E9AFB1427E51DDD" ID-CoL="MWMW" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1862" box="[1232,1435,1199,1221]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Brachyistius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="595" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="frenatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDBC9679E9AFB1427E51DDD" box="[1232,1435,1199,1221]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">Brachyistius frenatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFB7627E51DFA" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" box="[151,1435,1229,1250]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFB7627E51DFA" box="[151,1435,1229,1250]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">16B Jaws subequal; axilla of pectoral fin with a jet-black blotch................................................... 17</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDBC9679ADDFB5127E21C4F" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFB5127E51C05" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFB5127E51C05" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
17A Ventral portion of body with a series of continuous stripes; dorsal soft-rays 12–16; body depth 2.0–2.4 into standard length .....................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDBC9679E83FAB327E51C05" ID-CoL="6RGSJ" baseAuthorityName="Gibbons" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[1225,1435,1288,1309]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Micrometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="595" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDBC9679E83FAB327E51C05" box="[1225,1435,1288,1309]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">Micrometrus minimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFA9E27E21C4F" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFA9E27E21C4F" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
17B Ventral portion of body with a series of half rings on scales; dorsal soft-rays 15–19; body depth 2.4–2.8 into standard length.......................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDBC9679E9EFAF927E21C4F" ID-CoL="42Z5C" baseAuthorityName="Jordan & Gilbert" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[1236,1436,1346,1367]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Micrometrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="595" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDBC9679E9EFAF927E21C4F" box="[1236,1436,1346,1367]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">Micrometrus aurora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDBC9679ADDFAE427E51CD4" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFAE427E51C8A" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFAE427E51C8A" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
18A Longest dorsal soft-ray approximately twice as long (1.6–3.0) as longest dorsal spine; 8–9 scales between first dorsal spine and lateral line.............................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDBC9679EA2FAC727E51C8A" box="[1256,1435,1404,1426]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Phanerodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="595" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vacca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDBC9679EA2FAC727E51C8A" box="[1256,1435,1404,1426]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">Phanerodon vacca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFA2127E51CD4" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFA2127E51CD4" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">18B Longest dorsal soft-ray only slightly longer (1.0–1.4) than longest dorsal spine; 4–7 scales between first dorsal spine and lateral line............................................................................................ 19</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30F62E50FFDBC9679ADDFA6E27E51F3D" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDFA6E27E51F1F" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDFA6E27E51F1F" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
19A Pelvic fins white (rarely with faint dusky speckling at tips); no reddish speckling on scales on upper body....................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDBC9679E98FA4A27E51F1F" ID-CoL="4FSZ8" box="[1234,1435,1521,1543]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Phanerodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="595" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="furcatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDBC9679E98FA4A27E51F1F" box="[1234,1435,1521,1543]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">Phanerodon furcatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36F5FFDBC9679ADDF9B427E51F3D" blockId="4.[151,1436,641,1573]" box="[151,1435,1551,1573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
<keyLead id="30F395C0FFDBC9679ADDF9B427E51F3D" box="[151,1435,1551,1573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">
|
||
19B Pelvic fins with black tips; scales on upper part of body with reddish speckling......................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D76FFDBC9679E97F9B427E51F3D" ID-CoL="4FSZ6" baseAuthorityName="Jordan & Gilbert" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[1245,1435,1551,1573]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Embiotocidae" genus="Phanerodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="595" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAE7FFDBC9679E97F9B427E51F3D" box="[1245,1435,1551,1573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="595">Phanerodon atripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |