239 lines
37 KiB
XML
239 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="8FC7CC0FB4D798ABB86EFF68F6491CD6" ID-CLB-Dataset="30584" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4391.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d2f6f62c-9c3c-4951-9409-01bf33f2f027" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1193860" ID-ZooBank="93A0AF58-9FD7-417F-9019-BC6C72423C1B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1520457357261" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rognes, Knut" docDate="2018" docId="03AB87D5FF80FFF3FF3AFCD4FC34FE39" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4391.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4391 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Bengalia chiangmaiensis Kurahashi & Tumrasvin 1979" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FF92FFADFF8CFFFEFFADFFB3FFC0FF95" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Bengalia torosa Wiedemann, 1819 species-group (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with notes on the systematic position of B. robertsi Kurahashi, 1987 and B. subnitida James, 1964" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1698528501615" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B2087D888CFE47D32BE13875BFE083D1">
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<mods:title id="4BC3B1ECADC56022BA15449189828254">Revision of the Bengalia torosa Wiedemann, 1819 species-group (Diptera: Calliphoridae), with notes on the systematic position of B. robertsi Kurahashi, 1987 and B. subnitida James, 1964</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B563E7FA49E4E148FEA065F441B13992">Rognes, Knut</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="ABB80458E1A84559707C5033B3F55618">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="7D68487F5D789CF504919F6E56AC54E9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6E4DCDDC6F65214BDA5D5AFF38BDF583">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EC554BD4A75C7FD0A45CE9F2D42AC0DF">2018-03-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="62097BF7D4BFD9E23002FC3B3E56A58B">4391</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="FF167F8A49DE4027D828C8500ACCE30C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4391.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AB87D5FF80FFF3FF3AFCD4FC34FE39" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6494438" ID-GBIF-Taxon="141392845" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6494438" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB87D5FF80FFF3FF3AFCD4FC34FE39" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AB87D5FF80FFF3FF3AFCD4FC34FE39" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection id="C3186548FF80FFF2FF3AFCD4FEE7FC36" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBD36C3FF80FFF2FF3AFCD4FC8DFC17" blockId="12.[151,845,871,931]" box="[151,845,871,898]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="D0F581AFFF80FFF2FF3AFCD4FC8DFC17" bold="true" box="[151,845,871,898]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D40FF80FFF2FF3AFCD4FC8DFC17" ID-CoL="LH4Z" authority="Kurahashi & Tumrasvin, 1979" authorityName="Kurahashi & Tumrasvin" authorityYear="1979" box="[151,845,871,898]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Bengalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiangmaiensis">
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||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF80FFF2FF3AFCD4FC8DFC17" bold="true" box="[151,845,871,898]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF80FFF2FF3AFCD4FE08FC14" bold="true" box="[151,456,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Bengalia chiangmaiensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF934B32FF80FFF2FE62FCDBFC8DFC17" box="[463,845,872,898]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref58036" refString="Kurahashi, H. & Tumrasvin, W. (1979) Six new species of calliphorid flies from Thailand (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Japanese Journal of Sanitary Zoology, 30, 297 - 304. https: // doi. org / 10.7601 / mez. 30.297" type="journal article">Kurahashi & Tumrasvin, 1979</bibRefCitation>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BBD36C3FF80FFF2FF3AFC39FEE7FC36" blockId="12.[151,845,871,931]" box="[151,295,906,931]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="13392A46FF80FFF2FF32FC39FEDFFC36" box="[159,287,906,931]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 21–30" captionStart-1="FIGURES 31–36" captionStartId-0="13.[151,264,1718,1741]" captionStartId-1="14.[151,264,1465,1488]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,483,1697]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,177,1444]" captionTargetId-0="figure@13.[151,1436,483,1697]" captionTargetId-1="figure@14.[151,1436,157,1444]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionText-0="FIGURES 21–30. Bengalia chiangmaiensis Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (21–27: male from Laos, BPBM; 28–29: male from Thailand, Chiang Mai Province, NSMT; 30: reproduced with permission from Kurahashi & Tumrasvin [1979, fig. 2C]). 21. Epandrial complex, posterior view. 22. Epandrial complex, left lateral view. 23. Epandrial complex, posterolateral view. 24. Pre- and postgonites; scale bar = 0.25mm. 25. Left anepimeron. 26. Labels (4) and glass genitalia microvial. 27. Left fore leg, inside view. 28. ST5 flap (not in widest aspect). 29. Labels (2). 30. ST5 flap. Abbreviations: pog = postgonite; prg = pregonite." captionText-1="FIGURES 31–36. Bengalia chiangmaiensis Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (31–34: male from Laos, BPBM; 35–36: male from Thailand, NSMT). 31. Distiphallus, dorsal view. 32. Distiphallus, left lateral view, obliquely from front. 33. Distiphallus, ventral view. 34. Distiphallus, apical view. 35. Habitus. 36. Abdomen, posterodorsal view. Scale bars: 0.25mm (Figs 31–34); 10mm (Fig. 35). Abbreviations: dlp = distal lip process; lf = lateral finger; sd = semidomes." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1193866/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1193868/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 21–36</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3186548FF80FFF2FF3AFC61FC91FB92" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BBD36C3FF80FFF2FF3AFC61FC91FB92" blockId="12.[151,1437,978,1123]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<materialsCitation id="3B6A3C9EFF80FFF2FF3AFC61FC91FB92" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1830873840" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="N. W. Chiangmai Province" country="Thailand" location="Chiangmai Province" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1211EDFF80FFF2FF3AFC61FC91FB92" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D40FF80FFF2FF3AFC61FE4FFC7D" box="[151,399,978,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Bengalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiangmaiensi">
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||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF80FFF2FF3AFC61FE4FFC7D" box="[151,399,978,1000]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Bengalia chiangmaiensi</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
s
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA310D2FF80FFF2FE0CFC61FCD6FC7D" author="" box="[417,790,978,1000]" page="298" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF934B32FF80FFF2FE0CFC61FD21FC7D" box="[417,737,978,1000]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref58036" refString="Kurahashi, H. & Tumrasvin, W. (1979) Six new species of calliphorid flies from Thailand (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Japanese Journal of Sanitary Zoology, 30, 297 - 304. https: // doi. org / 10.7601 / mez. 30.297" type="journal article">Kurahashi & Tumrasvin, 1979</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 298
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
<typeStatus id="54B98861FF80FFF2FC8FFC61FC40FC7D" box="[802,896,978,1000]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">HoloType</typeStatus>
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||
<specimenCount id="9D04FD4AFF80FFF2FC24FC60FC5CFC7D" box="[905,924,979,1000]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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||
(
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||
<collectionCode id="ED13AE06FF80FFF2FC01FC61FC37FC7D" box="[940,1015,978,1000]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">BPBM</collectionCode>
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||
; noT examined), by original designaTion.
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||
<typeStatus id="54B98861FF80FFF2FF6AFC41FF39FB92" box="[199,249,1010,1031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Type</typeStatus>
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||
locality:
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3157653FF80FFF2FEF4FC42FE76FB92" box="[345,438,1009,1031]" name="Thailand" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<collectorName id="26F75315FF80FFF2FE12FC41FD13FB92" box="[447,723,1009,1031]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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||
N. W.
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||
<location id="8EDD6018FF80FFF2FDADFC42FD13FB92" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB87D5FF80FFF3FF3AFCD4FC34FE39:8EDD6018FF80FFF2FDADFC42FD13FB92" box="[512,723,1009,1031]" country="Thailand" name="Chiangmai Province" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Chiangmai Province</location>
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</collectorName>
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||
, Chiangdao.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3186548FF80FFF2FF3AFBA3FB44FBF6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBD36C3FF80FFF2FF3AFBA3FB13FBB3" blockId="12.[151,1437,978,1123]" box="[151,1235,1040,1062]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B6A3C9EFF80FFF2FF3AFBA3FB13FBB3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1830873839" box="[151,1235,1040,1062]" collectionCode="BPBM" country="Laos" location="Laos" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCount="1">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D40FF80FFF2FF3AFBA3FCB7FBB3" ID-CoL="LH4Z" authority=": Kurahashi & Chowanadisai (2001: 202; Laos)" authorityName="Kurahashi & Chowanadisai" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,887,1040,1062]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Bengalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiangmaiensis">
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||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF80FFF2FF3AFBA3FE56FBB3" box="[151,406,1040,1062]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Bengalia chiangmaiensis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B32FF80FFF2FE0EFBA3FCB7FBB3" box="[419,887,1040,1062]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref57908" refString="Kurahashi, H. & Chowanadisai, L. (2001) Blow flies (Insecta: Diptera: Calliphoridae) from Indochina. Species Diversity, 6, 185 - 242." type="journal article">
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||
Kurahashi & Chowanadisai (2001: 202;
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||
<collectingCountry id="F3157653FF80FFF2FC90FBA2FCB0FBB3" box="[829,880,1041,1062]" name="Laos" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Laos</collectingCountry>
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||
)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(two males in
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||
<collectionCode id="ED13AE06FF80FFF2FBA0FBA2FB97FBB3" box="[1037,1111,1041,1062]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">BPBM</collectionCode>
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||
; examined).
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BBD36C3FF80FFF2FF3AFB9DFCD5FBD1" blockId="12.[151,1437,978,1123]" box="[151,789,1070,1092]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D40FF80FFF2FF3AFB9DFE28FBD1" ID-CoL="LH4Z" authority=": Verves" authorityName="Verves" box="[151,488,1070,1092]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Bengalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiangmaiensis">
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||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF80FFF2FF3AFB9DFE56FBD1" box="[151,406,1070,1092]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Bengalia chiangmaiensis</emphasis>
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||
: Verves
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</taxonomicName>
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||
(2005: 238; catalogue entry).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BBD36C3FF80FFF2FF3AFBFEFB44FBF6" blockId="12.[151,1437,978,1123]" box="[151,1156,1101,1123]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1211EDFF80FFF2FF3AFBFEFB44FBF6" box="[151,1156,1101,1123]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D40FF80FFF2FF3AFBFEFD37FBF6" ID-CoL="LH4Z" authority=": Kurahashi & Bunchu (2011: 263)" authorityName=": Kurahashi & Bunchu" authorityPageNumber="263" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,759,1101,1123]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Bengalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiangmaiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF80FFF2FF3AFBFEFE56FBF6" box="[151,406,1101,1123]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Bengalia chiangmaiensis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA310D2FF80FFF2FE0EFBFEFD37FBF6" author="" box="[419,759,1101,1123]" page="263" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B32FF80FFF2FE0EFBFEFD37FBF6" box="[419,759,1101,1123]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref57861" refString="Kurahashi, H. & Bunchu, N. (2011) The blow flies recorded from Thailand, with a description of a new species of Isomya Walker (Diptera, Calliphoridae). Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 17, 237 - 278." type="journal article">Kurahashi & Bunchu (2011: 263)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3157653FF80FFF2FCA9FBFEFCA0FBF6" box="[772,864,1101,1123]" name="Thailand" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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||
records; some listed below).
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3186548FF80FFF2FF3AFB3CFB2EFA79" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36C3FF80FFF2FF3AFB3CFB2EFA79" blockId="12.[151,1437,1167,2021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF80FFF2FF3AFB3CFED1FB3D" bold="true" box="[151,273,1167,1192]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF80FFF2FEB1FB3CFE96FB3D" box="[284,342,1167,1192]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Male</emphasis>
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||
. Length: 12.0–14.0mm (n=4). Frons at vertex / head width ratio 0.31–0.33 (mean 0.32, n=4). Anepimeron with almost exclusively black setulae, reaching katepisternum anteroventrally, but with some pale setulae in lower hind corner (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13392A46FF80FFF2FE4EFB64FDF8FB65" box="[483,568,1239,1264]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–30" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1718,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,483,1697]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,483,1697]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 21–30. Bengalia chiangmaiensis Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (21–27: male from Laos, BPBM; 28–29: male from Thailand, Chiang Mai Province, NSMT; 30: reproduced with permission from Kurahashi & Tumrasvin [1979, fig. 2C]). 21. Epandrial complex, posterior view. 22. Epandrial complex, left lateral view. 23. Epandrial complex, posterolateral view. 24. Pre- and postgonites; scale bar = 0.25mm. 25. Left anepimeron. 26. Labels (4) and glass genitalia microvial. 27. Left fore leg, inside view. 28. ST5 flap (not in widest aspect). 29. Labels (2). 30. ST5 flap. Abbreviations: pog = postgonite; prg = pregonite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1193866/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
). Most of T5 pale dorsally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13392A46FF80FFF2FCD9FB64FC39FB65" box="[884,1017,1239,1264]" captionStart="FIGURES 31–36" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1465,1488]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,177,1444]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,157,1444]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 31–36. Bengalia chiangmaiensis Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (31–34: male from Laos, BPBM; 35–36: male from Thailand, NSMT). 31. Distiphallus, dorsal view. 32. Distiphallus, left lateral view, obliquely from front. 33. Distiphallus, ventral view. 34. Distiphallus, apical view. 35. Habitus. 36. Abdomen, posterodorsal view. Scale bars: 0.25mm (Figs 31–34); 10mm (Fig. 35). Abbreviations: dlp = distal lip process; lf = lateral finger; sd = semidomes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1193868/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 35–36</figureCitation>
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||
). Femora darkened in less than distal half (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13392A46FF80FFF2FF79FB4FFEEBFA80" box="[212,299,1276,1301]" captionStart="FIGURES 31–36" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1465,1488]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,177,1444]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,157,1444]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 31–36. Bengalia chiangmaiensis Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (31–34: male from Laos, BPBM; 35–36: male from Thailand, NSMT). 31. Distiphallus, dorsal view. 32. Distiphallus, left lateral view, obliquely from front. 33. Distiphallus, ventral view. 34. Distiphallus, apical view. 35. Habitus. 36. Abdomen, posterodorsal view. Scale bars: 0.25mm (Figs 31–34); 10mm (Fig. 35). Abbreviations: dlp = distal lip process; lf = lateral finger; sd = semidomes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1193868/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
). ST5 flap transversely oval, but without projections beside it (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13392A46FF80FFF2FBA9FB4FFB4AFA81" box="[1028,1162,1276,1301]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–30" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1718,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,483,1697]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,483,1697]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 21–30. Bengalia chiangmaiensis Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (21–27: male from Laos, BPBM; 28–29: male from Thailand, Chiang Mai Province, NSMT; 30: reproduced with permission from Kurahashi & Tumrasvin [1979, fig. 2C]). 21. Epandrial complex, posterior view. 22. Epandrial complex, left lateral view. 23. Epandrial complex, posterolateral view. 24. Pre- and postgonites; scale bar = 0.25mm. 25. Left anepimeron. 26. Labels (4) and glass genitalia microvial. 27. Left fore leg, inside view. 28. ST5 flap (not in widest aspect). 29. Labels (2). 30. ST5 flap. Abbreviations: pog = postgonite; prg = pregonite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1193866/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 28, 30</figureCitation>
|
||
; viewed under different angles). Terminalia very dark. Cerci with setose prongs diverging along more than distal half (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13392A46FF80FFF2FB64FAACFADEFAAD" box="[1225,1310,1311,1336]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–30" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1718,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,483,1697]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,483,1697]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 21–30. Bengalia chiangmaiensis Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (21–27: male from Laos, BPBM; 28–29: male from Thailand, Chiang Mai Province, NSMT; 30: reproduced with permission from Kurahashi & Tumrasvin [1979, fig. 2C]). 21. Epandrial complex, posterior view. 22. Epandrial complex, left lateral view. 23. Epandrial complex, posterolateral view. 24. Pre- and postgonites; scale bar = 0.25mm. 25. Left anepimeron. 26. Labels (4) and glass genitalia microvial. 27. Left fore leg, inside view. 28. ST5 flap (not in widest aspect). 29. Labels (2). 30. ST5 flap. Abbreviations: pog = postgonite; prg = pregonite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1193866/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
). Surstylus with a ventral projection basally and a rounded tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13392A46FF80FFF2FD72FAF7FCF4FAC9" box="[735,820,1348,1373]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–30" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1718,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,483,1697]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,483,1697]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 21–30. Bengalia chiangmaiensis Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (21–27: male from Laos, BPBM; 28–29: male from Thailand, Chiang Mai Province, NSMT; 30: reproduced with permission from Kurahashi & Tumrasvin [1979, fig. 2C]). 21. Epandrial complex, posterior view. 22. Epandrial complex, left lateral view. 23. Epandrial complex, posterolateral view. 24. Pre- and postgonites; scale bar = 0.25mm. 25. Left anepimeron. 26. Labels (4) and glass genitalia microvial. 27. Left fore leg, inside view. 28. ST5 flap (not in widest aspect). 29. Labels (2). 30. ST5 flap. Abbreviations: pog = postgonite; prg = pregonite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1193866/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
). Bacilliform sclerite process triangular, broad basally, with blunt tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13392A46FF80FFF2FEEAFAD4FE5FFA15" box="[327,415,1383,1408]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–30" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1718,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,483,1697]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,483,1697]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 21–30. Bengalia chiangmaiensis Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (21–27: male from Laos, BPBM; 28–29: male from Thailand, Chiang Mai Province, NSMT; 30: reproduced with permission from Kurahashi & Tumrasvin [1979, fig. 2C]). 21. Epandrial complex, posterior view. 22. Epandrial complex, left lateral view. 23. Epandrial complex, posterolateral view. 24. Pre- and postgonites; scale bar = 0.25mm. 25. Left anepimeron. 26. Labels (4) and glass genitalia microvial. 27. Left fore leg, inside view. 28. ST5 flap (not in widest aspect). 29. Labels (2). 30. ST5 flap. Abbreviations: pog = postgonite; prg = pregonite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1193866/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pregonite weakly sclerotized distally, tip bifurcate. Postgonite with an expanded distal portion and a pointed process shaped like a bird’s head with a beak (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13392A46FF80FFF2FC4DFA3FFBFAFA31" box="[992,1082,1420,1445]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–30" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1718,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,483,1697]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,483,1697]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 21–30. Bengalia chiangmaiensis Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (21–27: male from Laos, BPBM; 28–29: male from Thailand, Chiang Mai Province, NSMT; 30: reproduced with permission from Kurahashi & Tumrasvin [1979, fig. 2C]). 21. Epandrial complex, posterior view. 22. Epandrial complex, left lateral view. 23. Epandrial complex, posterolateral view. 24. Pre- and postgonites; scale bar = 0.25mm. 25. Left anepimeron. 26. Labels (4) and glass genitalia microvial. 27. Left fore leg, inside view. 28. ST5 flap (not in widest aspect). 29. Labels (2). 30. ST5 flap. Abbreviations: pog = postgonite; prg = pregonite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1193866/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
). Semidomes (
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF80FFF2FB46FA3FFAC4FA30" box="[1259,1284,1420,1445]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sd</emphasis>
|
||
) angulate in dorsolateral corner (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13392A46FF80FFF2FED7FA1CFE3FFA5D" box="[378,511,1455,1480]" captionStart="FIGURES 31–36" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1465,1488]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,177,1444]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,157,1444]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 31–36. Bengalia chiangmaiensis Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (31–34: male from Laos, BPBM; 35–36: male from Thailand, NSMT). 31. Distiphallus, dorsal view. 32. Distiphallus, left lateral view, obliquely from front. 33. Distiphallus, ventral view. 34. Distiphallus, apical view. 35. Habitus. 36. Abdomen, posterodorsal view. Scale bars: 0.25mm (Figs 31–34); 10mm (Fig. 35). Abbreviations: dlp = distal lip process; lf = lateral finger; sd = semidomes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1193868/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 31, 34</figureCitation>
|
||
). Distal lip process (
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF80FFF2FD44FA1CFCCDFA5D" box="[745,781,1455,1480]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">dlp</emphasis>
|
||
) shaped like a gutter, flat in the bottom, with low vertical lateral walls projecting dorsally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13392A46FF80FFF2FDA5FA67FD4AFA79" box="[520,650,1492,1517]" captionStart="FIGURES 31–36" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1465,1488]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,177,1444]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,157,1444]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 31–36. Bengalia chiangmaiensis Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (31–34: male from Laos, BPBM; 35–36: male from Thailand, NSMT). 31. Distiphallus, dorsal view. 32. Distiphallus, left lateral view, obliquely from front. 33. Distiphallus, ventral view. 34. Distiphallus, apical view. 35. Habitus. 36. Abdomen, posterodorsal view. Scale bars: 0.25mm (Figs 31–34); 10mm (Fig. 35). Abbreviations: dlp = distal lip process; lf = lateral finger; sd = semidomes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1193868/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 31–34</figureCitation>
|
||
). Distiphallus with a midventral keel basally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13392A46FF80FFF2FB20FA67FB21FA79" box="[1165,1249,1492,1517]" captionStart="FIGURES 31–36" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1465,1488]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,177,1444]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,157,1444]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 31–36. Bengalia chiangmaiensis Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (31–34: male from Laos, BPBM; 35–36: male from Thailand, NSMT). 31. Distiphallus, dorsal view. 32. Distiphallus, left lateral view, obliquely from front. 33. Distiphallus, ventral view. 34. Distiphallus, apical view. 35. Habitus. 36. Abdomen, posterodorsal view. Scale bars: 0.25mm (Figs 31–34); 10mm (Fig. 35). Abbreviations: dlp = distal lip process; lf = lateral finger; sd = semidomes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1193868/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3186548FF80FFF2FF6AFA44FA99F9A0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36C3FF80FFF2FF6AFA44FA99F9A0" blockId="12.[151,1437,1167,2021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF80FFF2FF6AFA44FEDBF985" box="[199,283,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Female</emphasis>
|
||
. Length 10.0mm (n=1). Frons at vertex / head width ratio 0.33 (mean 0.33, n=1). Anepimeron with black setulae in upper half and pale setulae in lower half, these being much more numerous than in the male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3186548FF80FFF2FF6AF98CFAD6F9E8" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36C3FF80FFF2FF6AF98CFAD6F9E8" blockId="12.[151,1437,1167,2021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF80FFF2FF6AF98CFE8CF9CD" bold="true" box="[199,332,1599,1624]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
This is a rare species with a peculiar distal lip projection and semidomes, quite unlike other members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D40FF80FFF2FEE1F9D7FE3FF9E9" baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1819" box="[332,511,1636,1661]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Bengalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="torosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF80FFF2FEE1F9D7FE3FF9E9" box="[332,511,1636,1661]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Bengalia torosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group. The pre- and postgonites are also of exceptional shape.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3186548FF80FFF2FF6AF934FE64F935" box="[199,420,1671,1696]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36C3FF80FFF2FF6AF934FE64F935" blockId="12.[151,1437,1167,2021]" box="[199,420,1671,1696]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF80FFF2FF6AF934FEE7F935" bold="true" box="[199,295,1671,1696]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3186548FF80FFF2FF6AF91FFDF3F950" box="[199,563,1708,1733]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36C3FF80FFF2FF6AF91FFDF3F950" blockId="12.[151,1437,1167,2021]" box="[199,563,1708,1733]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF80FFF2FF6AF91FFEA0F950" bold="true" box="[199,352,1708,1733]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3157653FF80FFF2FECAF91FFE62F951" box="[359,418,1708,1732]" name="Laos" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||
*,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3157653FF80FFF2FE14F91FFDE3F950" box="[441,547,1708,1733]" name="Thailand" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
*.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3186548FF80FFF3FF6AF97CFC34FE39" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36C3FF80FFF3FF6AF97CFC34FE39" blockId="12.[151,1437,1167,2021]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF80FFF2FF6AF97CFD5CF97D" bold="true" box="[199,668,1743,1768]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Material examined (non-type). BPBM.</emphasis>
|
||
Laos: 1 ♂, labelled (1) LAOS: / Vientiane Prov. / Ban Van Eue /
|
||
<date id="FFBC1003FF80FFF2FF3AF947FEC9F898" box="[151,265,1780,1805]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1966-05-15">15.V.1966</date>
|
||
[printed]; (2) Native Collector / RONDON-BISHOP MUS. / COLLECTION [printed]; (3)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D40FF80FFF2FAA3F947FAB2F898" box="[1294,1394,1780,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Bengalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bengalia</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D40FF80FFF2FF3AF8A4FE84F8A5" authorityName=": Kurahashi & Bunchu" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,324,1815,1840]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Bengalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiangmaiensis">chiangmaiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Ku. et Tum., 1979 / Det. H.Kurahashi [printed] [Already dissected when received; the terminalia were previously stored in a glass microvial with a cork stopper; the lacquered black pin was corroded and black substances had moved through the cork and into the glycerol fluid and apparently had stained all genital parts black; I moved terminalia to a new glass microvial with a soft white plastic stopper and changed the glycerol]; • 1 ♂, labelled (1) LAOS: / Vientiane Prov. / Ban Van Eue,
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA9B26FF80FFF2FCB5F81BFCA0F855" box="[792,864,1960,1985]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="750.0">750 m</quantity>
|
||
/ forest streambed /
|
||
<date id="FFBC1003FF80FFF2FBE6F81BFB2BF854" box="[1099,1259,1960,1985]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1965-04-10" valueMax="1965-04-11" valueMin="1965-04-10">10-11.IV.1965</date>
|
||
[printed]; (2) 9 [number in pencil on circular orange label]; (3) J.L.Gressitt / Malaise Trap / BISHOP MUSEUM [printed]; (4)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D40FF81FFF3FF3AFF24FF3BFF25" box="[151,251,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Bengalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bengalia</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D40FF81FFF3FE9CFF24FE1EFF25" authorityName=": Kurahashi & Bunchu" authorityYear="2011" box="[305,478,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Bengalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiangmaiensis">chiangmaiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Ku. et Tum., 1979 / Det. H.Kurahashi [printed] (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13392A46FF81FFF3FB8CFF24FBB4FF25" box="[1057,1140,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–30" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1718,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,483,1697]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,483,1697]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 21–30. Bengalia chiangmaiensis Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (21–27: male from Laos, BPBM; 28–29: male from Thailand, Chiang Mai Province, NSMT; 30: reproduced with permission from Kurahashi & Tumrasvin [1979, fig. 2C]). 21. Epandrial complex, posterior view. 22. Epandrial complex, left lateral view. 23. Epandrial complex, posterolateral view. 24. Pre- and postgonites; scale bar = 0.25mm. 25. Left anepimeron. 26. Labels (4) and glass genitalia microvial. 27. Left fore leg, inside view. 28. ST5 flap (not in widest aspect). 29. Labels (2). 30. ST5 flap. Abbreviations: pog = postgonite; prg = pregonite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1193866/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
) [Already dissected when received; the terminalia were previously stored in a glass microvial with a cork stopper; I moved the terminalia to a new glass microvial with a soft white plastic stopper and changed the glycerol; hypandrial sclerite brittle]. [None of the BPBM terminalia vials contained an ST5 flap.]
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF81FFF3FD74FEB7FCEFFE88" bold="true" box="[729,815,260,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">NSMT.</emphasis>
|
||
Thailand: 1 ♂, labelled (1) THAILAND: Chiang / Mai Prov., Doi / Sthep,
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA9B26FF81FFF3FEDCFE9BFE7FFED5" box="[369,447,296,320]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000m</quantity>
|
||
/
|
||
<date id="FFBC1003FF81FFF3FE7BFE94FDA5FED5" box="[470,613,295,320]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1988-05-09" valueMax="1988-05-15" valueMin="1988-05-09">9–15.V.1988</date>
|
||
A6 / Col. H. Kurahashi; (2)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D40FF81FFF3FC02FE94FBD3FED5" box="[943,1043,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Bengalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bengalia</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D40FF81FFF3FBE5FE94FB35FED5" authorityName=": Kurahashi & Bunchu" authorityYear="2011" box="[1096,1269,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Bengalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiangmaiensis">chiangmaiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Ku. et Tum., 1979 / Det. H. Kurahashi [printed labels] (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13392A46FF81FFF3FDDDFEFFFD04FEF1" box="[624,708,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–30" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1718,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,483,1697]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,483,1697]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 21–30. Bengalia chiangmaiensis Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (21–27: male from Laos, BPBM; 28–29: male from Thailand, Chiang Mai Province, NSMT; 30: reproduced with permission from Kurahashi & Tumrasvin [1979, fig. 2C]). 21. Epandrial complex, posterior view. 22. Epandrial complex, left lateral view. 23. Epandrial complex, posterolateral view. 24. Pre- and postgonites; scale bar = 0.25mm. 25. Left anepimeron. 26. Labels (4) and glass genitalia microvial. 27. Left fore leg, inside view. 28. ST5 flap (not in widest aspect). 29. Labels (2). 30. ST5 flap. Abbreviations: pog = postgonite; prg = pregonite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1193866/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
); • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, labelled (1) THAILAND:
|
||
<quantity id="4CFA9B26FF81FFF3FBD0FEFFFB0CFEF1" box="[1149,1228,332,356]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000m</quantity>
|
||
/ Chiangmai Prov. / Doi Sthep /
|
||
<date id="FFBC1003FF81FFF3FE87FEDCFE73FE1D" box="[298,435,367,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1989-07-16">16.VII.1989</date>
|
||
/ Col. H. Kurahashi; (2)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D40FF81FFF3FD64FEDCFCEDFE1D" box="[713,813,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Bengalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bengalia</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ [or ♀] /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D40FF81FFF3FC04FEDCFB96FE1D" authorityName=": Kurahashi & Bunchu" authorityYear="2011" box="[937,1110,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Calliphoridae" genus="Bengalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chiangmaiensis">chiangmaiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Ku. et Tum., 1979 / Det. H. Kurahashi [printed labels]. [Both NSMT males with intact ST5 flaps
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAD1FF81FFF3FC33FE26FC23FE39" box="[926,995,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
.]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |