369 lines
43 KiB
XML
369 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5256.1.4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7745332" ID-ZooBank="98740CD3-9B1A-47E1-9EB8-293B548216C7" approvalRequired="5" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="2" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="3" checkinTime="1679054559522" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Perger, Robert & Rubio, Gonzalo D." docDate="2023" docId="03AB87AD9C52FFBDFF77FDED121CFA8C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5256.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5256 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5256.1.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Fluda thuruampara Perger & Rubio 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="72" masterDocId="FF92FFD59C55FFB4FFE0FFCF113EFFBD" masterDocTitle="Two new species of the ant-like spider genus Fluda Peckham & Peckham, 1892 from Bolivia with first reports of potential ant models for the genus and a novel ant-resembling behavior (Araneae: Salticidae, Simonellini)" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="63" pageNumber="70" updateTime="1679055256918" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Two new species of the ant-like spider genus Fluda Peckham & Peckham, 1892 from Bolivia with first reports of potential ant models for the genus and a novel ant-resembling behavior (Araneae: Salticidae, Simonellini)</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Perger, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0001-9930-9638</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Colección Boliviana de Fauna, La Paz, Bolivia. robertperger @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9930 - 9638</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">robertperger@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rubio, Gonzalo D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-4223-2980</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET), Experimental Station of Agriculture (EEA-INTA), R 14, Km 836, Cerro Azul, Misiones, Argentina. gonzalodrubio @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4223 - 2980</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">gonzalodrubio@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-03-16</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>5256</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>63</mods:start>
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<mods:end>76</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5256.1.4</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5256.1.4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7745332</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">98740CD3-9B1A-47E1-9EB8-293B548216C7</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745409" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7745409" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB87AD9C52FFBDFF77FDED121CFA8C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AB87AD9C52FFBDFF77FDED121CFA8C" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[151,973,546,645]" box="[151,494,546,573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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<heading bold="true" box="[151,494,546,573]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" reason="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,494,546,573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,393,546,573]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thuruampara" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,393,546,573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Fluda thuruampara</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[401,494,547,573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="7.[151,973,546,645]" box="[151,973,583,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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<uri box="[151,973,583,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid box="[425,973,583,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">F8D73C27-4CDA-4B78-9D6A-AF98F2948831</uuid>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[151,410,619,645]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[151,973,546,645]" box="[151,410,619,645]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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<figureCitation box="[151,274,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[195,1392,1069,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-428@4.[189,1399,1065,1804]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Habitus of Fluda spp.A. Fluda dauca sp. nov., male holotype (IBSI-Ar1758), dorsal; Fluda thuruampara sp. nov.: B. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar0958), dorsal; C. Idem, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745338/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Figs 3B–C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[286,302,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1925,1949]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,1245,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-422@7.[153,1435,1245,1902]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Habitus of Fluda thuruampara sp. nov. A. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar0958), dorsal; B. Idem, lateral; C. Paratype female (IBSI-Ar0956), lateral; D. Idem, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745346/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">6</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[314,330,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[205,1377,565,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-160@8.[170,1418,560,1873]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Genitalia of Fluda thuruampara sp. nov. Palp of holotype (IBSI-Ar0958):A. Retrolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Dorsal view, expanded; D. Retrolateral view, expanded; E. Course of spermatophore in D. Epigyne of paratype (IBSI-Ar0956): F. Ventral; G. Dorsal, cleared; H. Ventral, cleared." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745348/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[342,410,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1301,1325]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,345,1277]" captionTargetId="figure-106@10.[170,1418,345,1277]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Living habitus of Fluda spp. and potential ant models. Fluda thuruampara sp. nov.: A–C. Males; D. Female; E. Camponotus sanctaefidei Dalla Torre, 1892, minor worker, Villa Teresa, La Paz Dept.; F. Camponotus latangulus Roger, 1863, minor worker, Buena Vista, Santa Cruz Dept.; G. Odontomachus sp., Villa Teresa, La Paz Dept.; H. Crematogaster pusillus Klug, 1824, minor worker, Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept.; F. dauca sp. nov.: I–K. Males; L. Female, dark form." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745352/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">8A–D</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,690,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,332,690,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-01-17" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Perger" country="Bolivia" elevation="1340" latitude="-16.2019" location="Villa Teresa" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-67.8294" municipality="Nor Yungas Province" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="La Paz" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[346,464,691,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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<typeStatus box="[346,459,691,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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♁,
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<collectingCountry box="[521,608,691,717]" name="Bolivia" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion box="[625,858,691,717]" country="Bolivia" name="La Paz" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">La Paz Department</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality box="[876,1132,691,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Nor Yungas Province</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB87AD9C52FFBDFF77FDED121CFA8C:8EDD60609C52FFB3FB9EFD7C1430FD70" box="[1150,1294,691,717]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-16.2019" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-67.8294" municipality="Nor Yungas Province" name="Villa Teresa" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="La Paz">Villa Teresa</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[1311,1432,691,717]" degrees="16.2019" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" precision="5" value="-16.2019">16.2019°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[151,280,727,753]" degrees="67.8294" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" precision="5" value="-67.8294">67.8294°W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<elevation box="[293,443,727,753]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.34" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="1340.0">
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||
<quantity box="[293,380,727,753]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.34" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="1340.0">1340 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.
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</elevation>
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, beating tray sampling,
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<date box="[721,870,727,753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" value="2017-01-17">
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<collectingDate box="[721,870,727,753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" value="2017-01-17">17 Jan. 2017</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectionCode box="[883,905,727,753]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">R</collectionCode>
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.
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<collectorName box="[918,991,727,753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Perger</collectorName>
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leg., IBSI-Ar0958
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-01-17" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Perger" country="Bolivia" elevation="1340" latitude="-16.2019" location="Villa Teresa" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-67.8294" municipality="Nor Yungas Province" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="4" stateProvince="La Paz" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1221,1350,727,753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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<typeStatus box="[1221,1345,727,753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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1♁
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<specimenCount box="[1391,1430,728,755]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
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, same data as for preceding, IBSI-Ar 956; 1
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</materialsCitation>
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♁
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<materialsCitation box="[652,1191,762,791]" collectingDate="2017-01-17" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Perger" country="Bolivia" elevation="1340" latitude="-16.2019" location="Villa Teresa" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-67.8294" municipality="Nor Yungas Province" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="La Paz" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCount box="[652,686,764,791]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, same data as for preceding, IBSI-Ar0957; 5
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
♁
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2016-04-06" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Perger" country="Bolivia" elevation="1340" latitude="-16.2019" location="Villa Teresa" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-67.8294" municipality="Nor Yungas Province" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="La Paz" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCount box="[1211,1244,764,791]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, same data as for preceding,
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<date box="[276,410,799,825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" value="2016-04-06">
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<collectingDate box="[276,410,799,825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" value="2016-04-06">6 Apr. 2016</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, IBSI-Ar0747; 2
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</materialsCitation>
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♁
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<materialsCitation box="[619,1048,799,827]" collectingDate="2016-04-06" collectionCode="CBF" collectorName="Perger" country="Bolivia" elevation="1340" latitude="-16.2019" location="Villa Teresa" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-67.8294" municipality="Nor Yungas Province" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="La Paz" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCount box="[619,655,800,827]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
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, same data as for preceding (
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<collectionCode box="[981,1040,799,825]" country="Bolivia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ky5m-b42n" name="Coleccion Boliviana de Fauna" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">CBF</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,690,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,315,835,861]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Remarks.</emphasis>
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Among the previously described species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Peckham & Peckham" authorityYear="1892" box="[809,876,835,861]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[809,876,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Fluda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, three (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1929" box="[962,1085,835,860]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
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<emphasis box="[962,1085,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">F. princeps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authority="Galiano, 1971" authorityName="Galiano" authorityYear="1971" box="[1100,1357,835,861]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inpae">
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<emphasis box="[1100,1189,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">F. inpae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Galiano, M. E." box="[1196,1357,835,861]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" pagination="573 - 599" refId="ref8194" refString="Galiano, M. E. (1971) Salticidae (Araneae) formiciformes. X. Revision del genero Fluda Peckham, 1892. Physis. Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Ciencias Naturales, 30, 573 - 599." type="journal article" year="1971">Galiano, 1971</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Galiano" authorityYear="1971" baseAuthorityName="Peckham & Peckham" baseAuthorityYear="1892" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perdita">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">F. perdita</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) have a short, broad epigyne with lateral openings and relatively short CDs with few loops (female group “B”;
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<bibRefCitation author="Galiano, M. E." box="[210,365,907,933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" pagination="573 - 599" refId="ref8194" refString="Galiano, M. E. (1971) Salticidae (Araneae) formiciformes. X. Revision del genero Fluda Peckham, 1892. Physis. Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Ciencias Naturales, 30, 573 - 599." type="journal article" year="1971">Galiano 1971</bibRefCitation>
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), and three (
|
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<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[507,603,907,933]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dauca" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[507,603,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">F. dauca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[611,702,907,933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[611,702,907,933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1929" box="[716,840,907,932]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
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<emphasis box="[716,840,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">F. princeps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Taczanowski" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[896,1003,907,933]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
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<emphasis box="[896,1003,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">F. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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) have a short, robust embolus without complete circular revolution around the bulb (male group “A”;
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Galiano, M. E." box="[861,1017,943,969]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" pagination="573 - 599" refId="ref8194" refString="Galiano, M. E. (1971) Salticidae (Araneae) formiciformes. X. Revision del genero Fluda Peckham, 1892. Physis. Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Ciencias Naturales, 30, 573 - 599." type="journal article" year="1971">Galiano 1971</bibRefCitation>
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).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,690,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,322,978,1004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1929" box="[332,505,979,1005]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
|
||
<emphasis box="[332,505,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Fluda princeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[566,745,979,1005]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thuruampara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[566,745,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">F. thuruampara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[755,847,979,1005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[755,847,979,1005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
are the only species with males in group “A” and females in group “B”.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[420,646,1015,1041]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thuruampara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[420,646,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Fluda thuruampara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[657,752,1015,1041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[657,746,1015,1041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1929" box="[1033,1161,1015,1040]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="princeps">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1033,1161,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">F. princeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a male palp with evenly tapering RTA, pointing towards bulb when seen in ventral view (vs. with obtuse edge, pointing in opposite direction), embolus simple, pointed (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[659,744,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[205,1377,565,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-160@8.[170,1418,560,1873]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Genitalia of Fluda thuruampara sp. nov. Palp of holotype (IBSI-Ar0958):A. Retrolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Dorsal view, expanded; D. Retrolateral view, expanded; E. Course of spermatophore in D. Epigyne of paratype (IBSI-Ar0956): F. Ventral; G. Dorsal, cleared; H. Ventral, cleared." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745348/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
) (vs. lanceolate and twisted), and the female with only slightly undulating CDs (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[343,431,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[205,1377,565,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-160@8.[170,1418,560,1873]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Genitalia of Fluda thuruampara sp. nov. Palp of holotype (IBSI-Ar0958):A. Retrolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Dorsal view, expanded; D. Retrolateral view, expanded; E. Course of spermatophore in D. Epigyne of paratype (IBSI-Ar0956): F. Ventral; G. Dorsal, cleared; H. Ventral, cleared." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745348/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Fig. 7H</figureCitation>
|
||
) (vs. one distinct loop), anterior carina or margin with a posterior tip (vs. no tip).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,690,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,334,1159,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet is a compound word composed of thuru, meaning “strong” and ampara, meaning “arm” in the Aymara language, spoken by the Aymara people living in the Bolivian Yungas area.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745346" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7745346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745346/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" startId="7.[151,250,1925,1949]" targetBox="[153,1435,1245,1902]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,1925,1986]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,277,1925,1950]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[402,605,1926,1950]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thuruampara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[402,605,1926,1950]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Fluda thuruampara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[613,696,1926,1950]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[613,696,1926,1950]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar0958), dorsal; B. Idem, lateral; C. Paratype female (IBSI-Ar0956), lateral; D. Idem, dorsal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1437,150,500]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,535,150,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
|
||
Description of male
|
||
<typeStatus box="[432,535,150,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[548,672,150,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[195,1392,1069,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-428@4.[189,1399,1065,1804]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Habitus of Fluda spp.A. Fluda dauca sp. nov., male holotype (IBSI-Ar1758), dorsal; Fluda thuruampara sp. nov.: B. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar0958), dorsal; C. Idem, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745338/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Figs 3A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[681,752,150,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1925,1949]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,1245,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-422@7.[153,1435,1245,1902]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Habitus of Fluda thuruampara sp. nov. A. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar0958), dorsal; B. Idem, lateral; C. Paratype female (IBSI-Ar0956), lateral; D. Idem, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745346/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">6A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body length 3.90; carapace length 1.71; width 1.01; carapace index 59.06; cephalic width 1.01; cephalic width index 100; sternum length 0.8; width 0.41; sternum index 51.25; abdomen length 2.10; maximum width AAP 0.55; maximum width PAP 0.95; abdominal index 45.24; pedicel length 0.12; width 0.23; dorsal sclerite length 2.10; epigastric sclerite length 0.48; width 0.60; ventral sclerite length 1.10; width 0.60; inframamillary sclerite length 0.075; width 0.35; AER 1.05; AME-AME 0.05; AME-ALE 0.05; PER 0.95; PME-PME 0.87; PME-PE 0.17.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1437,150,500]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
|
||
All somatic characters as in
|
||
<typeStatus box="[520,618,366,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[657,754,366,392]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dauca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[657,754,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">F. dauca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[762,852,366,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[762,852,366,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
except the following: color integument dark brown blackish; posterior margin of AAP concave (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[661,755,402,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[195,1392,1069,1794]" captionTargetId="figure-428@4.[189,1399,1065,1804]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Habitus of Fluda spp.A. Fluda dauca sp. nov., male holotype (IBSI-Ar1758), dorsal; Fluda thuruampara sp. nov.: B. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar0958), dorsal; C. Idem, lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745338/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Figs 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[769,806,402,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1925,1949]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,1245,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-422@7.[153,1435,1245,1902]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Habitus of Fluda thuruampara sp. nov. A. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar0958), dorsal; B. Idem, lateral; C. Paratype female (IBSI-Ar0956), lateral; D. Idem, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745346/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">6A</figureCitation>
|
||
), carapace width index and abdominal index narrower; chelicerae with two promarginal (the distal much smaller) and four retromarginal teeth; macrosetae tibia II v2-2-2-1 (p1-1-1-1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745348" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7745348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745348/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" startId="8.[151,250,1896,1920]" targetBox="[205,1377,565,1871]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1437,1896,1993]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,274,1896,1921]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[404,604,1897,1921]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thuruampara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[404,604,1897,1921]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Fluda thuruampara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[609,689,1897,1921]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[609,689,1897,1921]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Palp of holotype (IBSI-Ar0958): A. Retrolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Dorsal view, expanded; D. Retrolateral view, expanded; E. Course of spermatophore in D. Epigyne of paratype (IBSI-Ar0956): F. Ventral; G. Dorsal, cleared; H. Ventral, cleared.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,253,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Palp</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[269,395,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[205,1377,565,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-160@8.[170,1418,560,1873]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Genitalia of Fluda thuruampara sp. nov. Palp of holotype (IBSI-Ar0958):A. Retrolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Dorsal view, expanded; D. Retrolateral view, expanded; E. Course of spermatophore in D. Epigyne of paratype (IBSI-Ar0956): F. Ventral; G. Dorsal, cleared; H. Ventral, cleared." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745348/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Figs 7A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). RTA relatively short, triangular, length about 23% of tarsus length, proximal three quarters directed towards inner tarsus margin in retrolateral view, apically slightly curved, tip pointing dorsally; bulb simple, oval, with stiff, robust, prolateral embolus without complete circular revolution around the bulb, tips of RTA sclerotized; tegulum ventrally projected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,574,294,321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">
|
||
Description of female
|
||
<typeStatus box="[467,574,295,321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
IBSI-Ar0956 (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[748,876,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1925,1949]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,1245,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-422@7.[153,1435,1245,1902]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Habitus of Fluda thuruampara sp. nov. A. Holotype male (IBSI-Ar0958), dorsal; B. Idem, lateral; C. Paratype female (IBSI-Ar0956), lateral; D. Idem, dorsal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745346" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745346/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Figs 6C–D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[890,959,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[205,1377,565,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-160@8.[170,1418,560,1873]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Genitalia of Fluda thuruampara sp. nov. Palp of holotype (IBSI-Ar0958):A. Retrolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Dorsal view, expanded; D. Retrolateral view, expanded; E. Course of spermatophore in D. Epigyne of paratype (IBSI-Ar0956): F. Ventral; G. Dorsal, cleared; H. Ventral, cleared." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745348/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">7F–H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body length 4.15; carapace length 1.70; width 1.08; carapace index 63.53; cephalic width 1.08; cephalic width index 100; sternum length 0.77; width 0.40; sternum index 51.95; abdomen length 2.46; maximum width AAP 0.90; maximum width PAP 1.33; abdominal index 54.06; pedicel length 0.10; width 0.26; dorsal sclerite length 2.41; epigastric sclerite length 0.49; width 0.80; ventral and inframamillary sclerite absent; AER 1.10; AME-AME 0.025; AME-ALE 0.05; PER 1.15; PME-PME 0.85; PME-PE 0.22.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Integument (color, microsculpture and setae) as in male except femora I with setae at ventral margin sparser. Carapace shape as in male. Femora I less broadened and dorsal margin less strongly carinated than in male. Macrosetae on leg as in male except tibia I v2-2-2-2-1 (r1-1-1-1-1); tibia II v2-2-2-2, metatarsus II v2-2-2-1 (p1- 1-1-1). Abdomen broader than in male with posterior margin of AAP straight and anterior margin of PAP median strongly convex.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,297,690,716]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Epigyne</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[312,434,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[205,1377,565,1871]" captionTargetId="figure-160@8.[170,1418,560,1873]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 7. Genitalia of Fluda thuruampara sp. nov. Palp of holotype (IBSI-Ar0958):A. Retrolateral view; B. Ventral view; C. Dorsal view, expanded; D. Retrolateral view, expanded; E. Course of spermatophore in D. Epigyne of paratype (IBSI-Ar0956): F. Ventral; G. Dorsal, cleared; H. Ventral, cleared." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745348" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745348/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Figs 7F–H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Short and broad (narrow space between anterior carina or margin and epigastric furrow, narrower than the separation between the COs), with round lateral openings and relatively short CDs with few loops; carina with a tip posteriorly directed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,319,798,824]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Sexual-dimorphism in femora I and abdomen width; depth of abdominal constriction varied in both sexes according to the nutritional status (in females likely also to the reproductive status); width of light transverse band in abdominal constriction slightly varying in both sexes; ontogenetic shifts remain to be investigated as no juveniles were collected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,313,942,968]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Behavior.</emphasis>
|
||
Erratic foraging with frequent stops and waiving of first pair of legs. When disturbed, the males exhibited an agonistic display by orientating their face towards the thread with the first pair of legs widely extended in an angle of about 45° (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[435,576,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1301,1325]" captionTargetBox="[170,1418,345,1277]" captionTargetId="figure-106@10.[170,1418,345,1277]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Living habitus of Fluda spp. and potential ant models. Fluda thuruampara sp. nov.: A–C. Males; D. Female; E. Camponotus sanctaefidei Dalla Torre, 1892, minor worker, Villa Teresa, La Paz Dept.; F. Camponotus latangulus Roger, 1863, minor worker, Buena Vista, Santa Cruz Dept.; G. Odontomachus sp., Villa Teresa, La Paz Dept.; H. Crematogaster pusillus Klug, 1824, minor worker, Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept.; F. dauca sp. nov.: I–K. Males; L. Female, dark form." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745352/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Figs 8A, 8C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,697,1050,1077]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Geographical and ecological distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" box="[705,928,1051,1077]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thuruampara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[705,928,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Fluda thuruampara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[936,1027,1051,1077]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[936,1027,1051,1077]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is exclusively known from the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1388,1436,1051,1077]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in Bolivian Yungas forest in the Northern Bolivian Andes (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[893,962,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1034,1058]" captionTargetBox="[157,1433,386,1007]" captionTargetId="figure-112@3.[151,1436,381,1011]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bolivia (A), study area and ecoregion distribution (B) of Bolivian species of Fluda, according to the regionalization by Navarro & Ferreira (2007); map produced with QGIS (version 2.14.3, http://www.qgis.org/en/site). 1. Villa Teresa, La Paz Dept.; 2. Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept.; 3. Cafetal, Buena Vista, Santa Cruz Dept.; C. Habitat of F. thuruampara sp. nov. in Bolivian Yungas forest, Villa Teresa; D. Habitat of F. dauca sp. nov. in Southwest Amazon forest, Villa Tunari." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745336/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Navarro, G. & Ferreira, W." box="[1134,1432,1087,1113]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" pagination="250000" refId="ref8429" refString="Navarro, G. & Ferreira, W. (2007) Mapa de Sistemas Ecologicos de Bolivia, escala 1: 250000. RUMBOL SRL-The Nature Conservancy (TNC), Bolivia. [Edicion CD ROM]" type="journal article" year="2007">Navarro & Ferreira (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the ecosystem in this area is considered Submontane evergreen Yungas forest (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1075,1148,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1034,1058]" captionTargetBox="[157,1433,386,1007]" captionTargetId="figure-112@3.[151,1436,381,1011]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bolivia (A), study area and ecoregion distribution (B) of Bolivian species of Fluda, according to the regionalization by Navarro & Ferreira (2007); map produced with QGIS (version 2.14.3, http://www.qgis.org/en/site). 1. Villa Teresa, La Paz Dept.; 2. Villa Tunari, Cochabamba Dept.; 3. Cafetal, Buena Vista, Santa Cruz Dept.; C. Habitat of F. thuruampara sp. nov. in Bolivian Yungas forest, Villa Teresa; D. Habitat of F. dauca sp. nov. in Southwest Amazon forest, Villa Tunari." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7745336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7745336/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Bolivian Yungas forest is part of the Tropical South Andean Superregion (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rivas-Martinez, S. & Navarro, G. & Penas, A. & Costa, M." box="[739,1054,1159,1185]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" pagination="21 - 40" refId="ref8982" refString="Rivas-Martinez, S., Navarro, G., Penas, A. & Costa, M. (2011) Biogeographic map of South America. A preliminary survey. International Journal of Geobotanical Research, 1, 21 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.5616 / ijgr 110002" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Rivas-Martínez
|
||
<emphasis box="[925,984,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Despite high sampling effort in several Bolivian forest ecoregions, the new species was not observed in other forest habitats. Individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2023" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fluda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thuruampara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">F. thuruampara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[308,399,1231,1257]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[308,399,1231,1257]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
were collected from branches of trees in primary forest, co-occurring with the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Peckham, Peckham & Wheeler" authorityYear="1889" box="[1306,1437,1231,1257]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Simonellini">Simonellini</taxonomicName>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Taczanowski" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[239,449,1267,1293]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synemosyna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myrmeciaformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[239,449,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">S. myrmeciaformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[502,685,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Flurica sikimira</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Perger, R. & Rubio, G. D." box="[692,942,1267,1293]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" pagination="574 - 579" refId="ref8836" refString="Perger, R. & Rubio, G. D. (2022) A new genus of jumping spider from the Bolivian Yungas forest, a new country record for Erica eugenia Peckham & Peckham, 1892, and notes on turtle ant mimicry (Araneae: Salticidae: Simonellini). Arachnology, 19, 574 - 579. https: // doi. org / 10.13156 / arac. 2022.19.2.574" type="journal article" year="2022">Perger & Rubio, 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. On isolated trees in adjacent tree falls gaps,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Perger & Rubio, 2020" authorityName="Perger & Rubio" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,636,1303,1329]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Sympolymnia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cutleri">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,382,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="72">Sympolymnia cutleri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Perger, R. & Rubio, G. D." box="[389,636,1303,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" pagination="781 - 795" refId="ref8767" refString="Perger, R. & Rubio, G. D. (2020) Sympolymnia, a new genus of Neotropical ant-like spider, with description of two new species and indirect evidence for transformational mimicry (Araneae, Salticidae, Simonellini). Zoosystematics and Evolution, 96 (2), 781 - 795. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zse. 96.55210" type="journal article" year="2020">Perger & Rubio, 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |