409 lines
54 KiB
XML
409 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="9155B5D0CC9D75FDF0D48AB22B9E2A3C" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930600845218" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4658001" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1617296616303" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Herbert, David G." docDate="2006" docId="039587D1FF90FF8347773FAFFCA68FE0" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.40.17-18.1063-1081.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 40 (17 - 18)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930600845218" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7E99CF6C63B49250F2A87C3AEDC82D8C.2:JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.2cover" docStyleId="7E99CF6C63B49250F2A87C3AEDC82D8C" docStyleName="JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.2cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Euonyma laeocochlis" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1067" masterDocId="FFACFFA9FF93FF85463D3B1CFFBE8E03" masterDocTitle="Rediscovery of the type species of Euonyma (Subulinidae) and observations on South African species of Gulella (Streptaxidae), with description of two new species (Gastropoda: Eupulmonata)" masterLastPageNumber="1081" masterPageNumber="1063" pageNumber="1064" updateTime="1698899919083" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="EDAB5634A713A12506AFE269D71CFFF2">
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<mods:title id="866BABA222528AF921ECDA20180C59E8">Rediscovery of the type species of Euonyma (Subulinidae) and observations on South African species of Gulella (Streptaxidae), with description of two new species (Gastropoda: Eupulmonata)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="1A3E175EEA64D30BA8F50D134F1E030E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="78CADB6FF9F5B560E16D7F8ABF623DE5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C2A5281FCBB8F1DC52B5B2CADE13555E">Herbert, David G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F1CC900F42F333CA82ABA31F2A723088">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="5BD24A336E86A1D92059CB17F0BEAB50">
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<mods:title id="267372680B21A638894D6E93A4361C77">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="B63A04C180E069C59EE53DA15A3022D6">
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<mods:date id="355ABD37EE0C767279BBBF152FBEB8E7">2006</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E5D5BFB80D511B8325E301B66720C119">2006-08-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="92B184C59141ACA651B6C3C59A7E4C1D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="4969671D11ADF945AE6B27E9C154D41D">40</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="DD9AC68D74421BADE2E91F7C9BC37D2A" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="9815534BF2460C7605D9D31EE8B68CC4">17 - 18</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="6E14DCBFB6DD678469EF971BBF5332BC">1063</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="EB20EB5A68FFCD9561F2802D46D2291D">1081</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="C27C5F32D5F881D09C7F87669F40E268">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930600845218</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="B8AD2127E544EB7A5BC74440F3B86476" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930600845218</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E3EACEB83E2E4007905714FA20DB6F62" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3B1C81E70FC91E702A75BBDDD3CBB447" type="Zenodo-Dep">4658001</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039587D1FF90FF8347773FAFFCA68FE0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039587D1FF90FF8347773FAFFCA68FE0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039587D1FF90FF8347773FAFFCA68FE0" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="1067" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">
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<subSubSection id="C326654CFF90FF8647773FAFFC798AC8" box="[330,967,1203,1227]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF90FF8647773FAFFC798AC8" blockId="3.[125,1173,1170,1424]" box="[330,967,1203,1227]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">
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<heading id="D0CB81ABFF90FF8647773FAFFC798AC8" box="[330,967,1203,1227]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF90FF8647773FAFFC798AC8" authority="(Melvill and Ponsonby, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Melvill and Ponsonby" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[330,967,1203,1227]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="laeocochlis">
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<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF90FF8647773FAFFDE08AC8" bold="true" box="[330,606,1203,1227]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">Euonyma laeocochlis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF90FF8644533FAFFC018AC8" author="Melvill JC & Ponsonby J" box="[622,959,1203,1227]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" pagination="314 - 318" refId="ref7835" refString="Melvill JC, Ponsonby J. 1896. Descriptions of new terrestrial Mollusca from South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 18: 314 - 318." type="journal article" year="1896">Melvill and Ponsonby, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C326654CFF90FF8344093FC8FCA68FE0" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="1067" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF90FF8644093FC8FB2B8B0E" blockId="3.[125,1173,1170,1424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13072A42FF90FF8644013FC8FD7A8AEF" box="[572,708,1236,1260]" captionStart-0="Figures 1–3" captionStart-1="Figure 4" captionStartId-0="3.[125,194,994,1013]" captionStartId-1="4.[138,198,1638,1657]" captionTargetBox-0="[207,1089,139,952]" captionTargetBox-1="[246,1076,1002,1602]" captionTargetId-0="figure-102@3.[204,1094,133,958]" captionTargetId-1="figure-262@4.[246,1076,1002,1602]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="Figures 1–3. Euonyma laeocochlis (Melvill and Ponsonby, 1896). (1) Lectotype, BMNH, length 30.4 mm. (2) Livecollected shell, NMSA V8572, length 32.5 mm. (3) Apex of previous, NMSA V8572." captionText-1="Figure 4. Euonyma laeocochlis (Melvill and Ponsonby, 1896) distribution: black triangles represent site records; contours at 500 and 1000 m." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658003" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658005" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4658003/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4658005/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">Figures 1–4</figureCitation>
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)
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<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF90FF8646403FE9FCBE8B0E" authority="Melvill and Ponsonby 1896, p 316" authorityName="Melvill and Ponsonby" authorityPageNumber="316" authorityYear="1896" box="[125,768,1269,1293]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Subulina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="laeocochlis">
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<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF90FF8646403FE9FEE78B0E" box="[125,345,1269,1293]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">Subulina laeocochlis</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF90FF86475E3FE9FD118B0E" author="Melvill JC & Ponsonby J" box="[355,687,1269,1293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" pagination="314 - 318" refId="ref7835" refString="Melvill JC, Ponsonby J. 1896. Descriptions of new terrestrial Mollusca from South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 18: 314 - 318." type="journal article" year="1896">Melvill and Ponsonby 1896</bibRefCitation>
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, p 316
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</taxonomicName>
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, Plate 16,
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<figureCitation id="13072A42FF90FF8645BF3FE9FC5D8B0E" box="[898,995,1269,1293]" captionStart="Figures 1–3" captionStartId="3.[125,194,994,1013]" captionTargetBox="[207,1089,139,952]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[204,1094,133,958]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1–3. Euonyma laeocochlis (Melvill and Ponsonby, 1896). (1) Lectotype, BMNH, length 30.4 mm. (2) Livecollected shell, NMSA V8572, length 32.5 mm. (3) Apex of previous, NMSA V8572." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658003/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">Figure 3</figureCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54878865FF90FF8645CE3FE9FB918B0E" box="[1011,1071,1269,1293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF90FF8646A53E0AFB2A8B4C" blockId="3.[125,1173,1170,1424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">
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‘‘Humansdorp, St Francis Bay’’, E.
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<collectingRegion id="49F8F825FF90FF86447C3E0AFD4E8B2D" box="[577,752,1302,1326]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">Cape Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F32B7657FF90FF8644C03E0AFC2B8B2D" box="[765,917,1302,1326]" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF90FF8646403E2BFDFA8B4C" authority=": Pilsbry 1906, p 39" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityPageNumber="39" authorityYear="1906" box="[125,580,1335,1359]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="laeocochlis">
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<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF90FF8646403E2BFEE08B4C" box="[125,350,1335,1359]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">Euonyma laeocochlis</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF90FF8647533E2BFDBA8B4C" author="Pilsbry HA" box="[366,516,1335,1359]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref7864" refString="Pilsbry HA. 1906. Achatinidae. Manual of Conchology (Series 2) 18 (69): 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906</bibRefCitation>
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, p 39
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, Plate 10, Figure 68;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF90FF86457E3E2BFC4B8B4C" author="Connolly M" box="[835,1013,1335,1359]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" pagination="59 - 306" refId="ref7695" refString="Connolly M. 1912. A revised reference list of South African non-marine Mollusca; with descriptions of new species in the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum 11: 59 - 306." type="journal article" year="1912">Connolly 1912</bibRefCitation>
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, p 214; 1939,
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF90FF8646A53E4BFD328B93" blockId="3.[125,1173,1170,1424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">
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p 337.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF90FF8646403E65FEE28B93" box="[125,348,1400,1424]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="loeocochlis">
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||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF90FF8646403E65FEE28B93" box="[125,348,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">Euonyma loeocochlis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
[
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<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF90FF8647523E64FE378B93" box="[367,393,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">sic</emphasis>
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]:
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF90FF8647993E64FDF88B93" author="Sturany R" box="[420,582,1400,1424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" pagination="537 - 642" refId="ref7914" refString="Sturany R. 1898. Catalog der bisher bekannt gewordenen Sudafrikanischen Land- und Susswasser-Mollusken mit besonderer Berucksichtigung des von Dr Penther gesammelten Materiales. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe 67: 537 - 642." type="journal article" year="1898">Sturany 1898</bibRefCitation>
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, p 62.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF90FF8646403ED5FEF28BE2" blockId="3.[125,332,1481,1505]" box="[125,332,1481,1505]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">
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||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF90FF8646403ED5FEF28BE2" box="[125,332,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">Material examined</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF90FF8646403EE6FE958831" blockId="3.[125,1173,1530,1586]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">
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||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF90FF8646403EE6FEA28811" box="[125,284,1530,1554]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">Type material.</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B543C9AFF90FF8647143EE6FE958831" collectionCode="BMNH" country="South Africa" location="Humansdorp" municipality="St Francis Bay'" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="lectotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="54878865FF90FF8647143EE6FE1E8811" box="[297,416,1530,1554]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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, ‘‘
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<location id="8EE3601CFF90FF86478B3EE6FDE68811" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039587D1FF90FF8347773FAFFCA68FE0:8EE3601CFF90FF86478B3EE6FDE68811" box="[438,600,1530,1554]" country="South Africa" municipality="St Francis Bay'" name="Humansdorp" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" stateProvince="Western Cape">Humansdorp</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE7ACBDFF90FF86445E3EE6FCA48811" box="[611,794,1530,1554]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">St Francis Bay’</collectingMunicipality>
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’, E.
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<collectingRegion id="49F8F825FF90FF8645763EE6FC358811" box="[843,907,1530,1554]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">Cape</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F32B7657FF90FF8645AB3EE6FB978811" box="[918,1065,1530,1554]" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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(
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||
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02FF90FF8642053EE6FB2B8811" box="[1080,1173,1530,1554]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">BMNH</collectionCode>
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1902.7.30.19).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF90FF8146403D47FCDF8FA7" blockId="3.[125,1172,1627,1683]" lastBlockId="4.[138,1185,136,420]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="1065" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">
|
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<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF90FF8646403D47FEE08870" box="[125,350,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">Additional material.</emphasis>
|
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<materialsCitation id="3B543C9AFF90FF8647573D47FBF18890" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="D. Clark" country="South Africa" county="All" elevation="900" location="Kougaberg" municipality="Baviaanskloof Wilderness Area" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
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<collectingCounty id="62E24E4BFF90FF8647573D47FE358870" box="[362,395,1627,1651]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">All</collectingCounty>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02FF90FF8647AA3D47FE4E8870" box="[407,496,1627,1651]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B7657FF90FF8647C23D47FD248870" box="[511,666,1627,1651]" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, E.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F8F825FF90FF8644F23D47FCAE8870" box="[719,784,1627,1651]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE7ACBDFF90FF8645223D47FB2E8870" box="[799,1168,1627,1651]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">Baviaanskloof Wilderness Area</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EE3601CFF90FF8646403D67FF438890" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039587D1FF90FF8347773FAFFCA68FE0:8EE3601CFF90FF8646403D67FF438890" box="[125,253,1659,1683]" country="South Africa" county="All" municipality="Baviaanskloof Wilderness Area" name="Kougaberg" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" stateProvince="Western Cape">Kougaberg</location>
|
||
plateau above
|
||
<location id="8EE3601CFF90FF8647943D67FDFE8890" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039587D1FF90FF8347773FAFFCA68FE0:8EE3601CFF90FF8647943D67FDFE8890" box="[425,576,1659,1683]" country="South Africa" county="All" municipality="Baviaanskloof Wilderness Area" name="Geelhoutbos" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" stateProvince="Western Cape">Geelhoutbos</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B22FF90FF8644763D67FD638890" box="[587,733,1659,1683]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" unit="m" value="900.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="800.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0011D1F4FF90FF8644763D67FD638890" box="[587,733,1659,1683]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064" unit="m" value="900.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="800.0">800–1000 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, grassland/fynbos, leg.
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||
<collectorName id="26C95311FF90FF8645DB3D67FBF18890" box="[998,1103,1659,1683]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1064">D. Clark</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, 1999 (V8524); same, 33
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF97FF81475F3B95FED28EA3" bold="true" box="[354,364,137,160]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">u</emphasis>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE085000FF97FF8147513B95FE668EA2" box="[364,472,136,161]" degrees="40.0769" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" precision="5" value="-40.0769">40.0769S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 24
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF97FF81443F3B95FDB28EA3" bold="true" box="[514,524,137,160]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">u</emphasis>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE085000FF97FF8144313B95FDC58EA2" box="[524,635,136,161]" degrees="12.6829" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" precision="5" value="12.6829">12.6829E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, grassy fynbos with numerous rocks and stones, under stones, leg. D. Herbert,
|
||
<date id="FF821007FF97FF81440B3BB5FCA78EC2" box="[566,793,169,193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" value="2000-10-10">10 October 2000</date>
|
||
(V8594); same, 33
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF97FF8142183BB5FB918EC3" bold="true" box="[1061,1071,169,192]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">u</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE085000FF97FF8142123BB5FB258EC2" box="[1071,1179,169,193]" degrees="40.4959" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" precision="5" value="-40.4959">40.4959S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 24
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF97FF8146953BD6FF0C8EE2" bold="true" box="[168,178,202,225]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">u</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE085000FF97FF81468F3BD5FE9F8EE2" box="[178,289,201,225]" degrees="12.5899" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" precision="5" value="12.5899">12.5899E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, fynbos, under stones, leg. D. Herbert,
|
||
<date id="FF821007FF97FF8145303BD5FC628EE2" box="[781,988,201,225]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" value="2000-10-10">10 October 2000</date>
|
||
(V8620); same, 33
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF97FF8146953BF6FF0C8F02" bold="true" box="[168,178,234,257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">u</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE085000FF97FF81468F3BF6FEA08F01" box="[178,286,233,258]" degrees="43.1369" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" precision="5" value="-43.1369">43.1369S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 24
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF97FF8147753BF6FEEC8F02" bold="true" box="[328,338,234,257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">u</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE085000FF97FF81476E3BF6FE7C8F01" box="[339,450,233,258]" degrees="17.1239" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" precision="5" value="17.1239">17.1239E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, grassy fynbos, under stones, leg. D. Herbert,
|
||
<date id="FF821007FF97FF8145E63BF6FB1F8F01" box="[987,1185,234,258]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" value="2000-10-10">10 October 2000</date>
|
||
(V8572); same, 33
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF97FF8147543A16FECD8F22" bold="true" box="[361,371,266,289]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">u</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE085000FF97FF81474E3A16FE5E8F21" box="[371,480,266,290]" degrees="41.0569" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" precision="5" value="-41.0569">41.0569S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 24
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF97FF8144303A16FDA98F22" bold="true" box="[525,535,266,289]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">u</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE085000FF97FF81442A3A16FD388F21" box="[535,646,266,290]" degrees="18.4209" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" precision="5" value="18.4209">18.4209E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, near trig point,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B22FF97FF8145693A16FC208F21" box="[852,926,266,290]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.41" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" unit="m" value="941.0">941 m</quantity>
|
||
, grassy fynbos, under stones, leg. D. Herbert,
|
||
<date id="FF821007FF97FF81479C3A37FDD88F40" box="[417,614,299,323]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" value="2000-10-10">10 October 2000</date>
|
||
(V8624);
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B543C9AFF97FF8144E33A37FB228F60" collectingDate="2000-10-10" collectorName="D. Herbert" country="South Africa" latitude="-40.3139" location="Grass Neck" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.8059" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
same, above
|
||
<location id="8EE3601CFF97FF81454E3A37FC438F40" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039587D1FF90FF8347773FAFFCA68FE0:8EE3601CFF97FF81454E3A37FC438F40" box="[883,1021,299,323]" country="South Africa" latitude="-40.3139" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.8059" name="Grass Neck" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" stateProvince="Western Cape">Grass Neck</location>
|
||
, 33
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF97FF8142183A37FB918F41" bold="true" box="[1061,1071,299,322]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">u</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE085000FF97FF8142123A37FB258F40" box="[1071,1179,298,323]" degrees="40.3139" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" precision="5" value="-40.3139">40.3139S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 24
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF97FF8146953A57FF0C8F61" bold="true" box="[168,178,331,354]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">u</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE085000FF97FF81468F3A57FE9F8F60" box="[178,289,331,355]" degrees="19.8059" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" precision="5" value="19.8059">19.8059E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, grassy fynbos, under stones, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26C95311FF97FF8144FE3A57FCF28F60" box="[707,844,331,355]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">D. Herbert</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF821007FF97FF8145603A57FB958F60" box="[861,1067,331,355]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" value="2000-10-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC6E9EFFF97FF8145603A57FB958F60" box="[861,1067,331,355]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" value="2000-10-10">10 October 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(V8622)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B543C9AFF97FF8146B73A77FD508FA7" collectingDate="2000-10-09" collectorName="D. Herbert" country="South Africa" latitude="-38.8769" location="Grass Neck" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="20.9209" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
same,
|
||
<location id="8EE3601CFF97FF8146E83A77FEDE8F80" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039587D1FF90FF8347773FAFFCA68FE0:8EE3601CFF97FF8146E83A77FEDE8F80" box="[213,352,363,387]" country="South Africa" latitude="-38.8769" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="20.9209" name="Grass Neck" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" stateProvince="Western Cape">Grass Neck</location>
|
||
, 33
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF97FF8147B43A70FE2D8F80" bold="true" box="[393,403,364,387]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">u</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE085000FF97FF8147AE3A77FE418F80" box="[403,511,363,387]" degrees="38.8769" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" precision="5" value="-38.8769">38.8769S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 24
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF97FF8144163A70FD8B8F80" bold="true" box="[555,565,364,387]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">u</emphasis>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE085000FF97FF8144083A77FD1A8F80" box="[565,676,363,387]" degrees="20.9209" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" precision="5" value="20.9209">20.9209E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, thicket/fynbos transition, under stones and amongst leaf-litter, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26C95311FF97FF81479D3A90FD998FA7" box="[416,551,396,420]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">D. Herbert</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF821007FF97FF8144093A90FD508FA7" box="[564,750,396,420]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" value="2000-10-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC6E9EFFF97FF8144093A90FD508FA7" box="[564,750,396,420]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" value="2000-10-09">9 October 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
(V8645).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF97FF8146B73AC1FE2D8FF6" blockId="4.[138,403,477,501]" box="[138,403,477,501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF97FF8146B73AC1FE2D8FF6" box="[138,403,477,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF97FF8146B73911FDE38C65" blockId="4.[138,1185,525,614]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B543C9AFF97FF8146B73911FDE78C65" country="South Africa" county="Baviaanskloof Wilderness area" elevation="750" location="Described" municipality="Kougaberg" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<location id="8EE3601CFF97FF8146B73911FEBE8C26" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039587D1FF90FF8347773FAFFCA68FE0:8EE3601CFF97FF8146B73911FEBE8C26" box="[138,256,525,549]" country="South Africa" county="Baviaanskloof Wilderness area" municipality="Kougaberg" name="Described" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" stateProvince="Western Cape">Described</location>
|
||
from ‘‘
|
||
<location id="8EE3601CFF97FF8147563911FDA68C26" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039587D1FF90FF8347773FAFFCA68FE0:8EE3601CFF97FF8147563911FDA68C26" box="[363,536,525,549]" country="South Africa" county="Baviaanskloof Wilderness area" municipality="Kougaberg" name="Humansdorp'" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" stateProvince="Western Cape">Humansdorp’</location>
|
||
’, but currently known only from the
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE7ACBDFF97FF8142243911FB228C26" box="[1049,1180,525,549]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">Kougaberg</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62E24E4BFF97FF8146B73932FE4C8C45" box="[138,498,558,582]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">Baviaanskloof Wilderness area</collectingCounty>
|
||
, E.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F8F825FF97FF8144183932FDDB8C45" box="[549,613,558,582]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B7657FF97FF8144493932FCB48C45" box="[628,778,558,582]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13072A42FF97FF8145213932FC3E8C45" box="[796,896,558,582]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="4.[138,198,1638,1657]" captionTargetBox="[246,1076,1002,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-262@4.[246,1076,1002,1602]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 4. Euonyma laeocochlis (Melvill and Ponsonby, 1896) distribution: black triangles represent site records; contours at 500 and 1000 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658005" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658005/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
); under stones in grassy fynbos at altitudes from
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B22FF97FF8147973952FDE78C65" box="[426,601,590,614]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" unit="m" value="750.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="500.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0011D1F4FF97FF8147973952FDE78C65" box="[426,601,590,614]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" unit="m" value="750.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="500.0">500 to 1000 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF97FF8146B73983FF578CB4" blockId="4.[138,233,671,695]" box="[138,233,671,695]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF97FF8146B73983FF578CB4" box="[138,233,671,695]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF97FF8046B739CCFD0B8EC2" blockId="4.[138,1185,720,906]" lastBlockId="5.[125,1173,137,1685]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="1066" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B543C9AFF97FF8046B739CCFD0F8EC2" collectingDate="2005-03" collectionCode="BMNH" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="1066" location="South African" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
Melvill and Ponsonby’s description of this species was based upon two specimens collected in ‘‘Humansdorp, St Francis Bay’’, E.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F8F825FF97FF81445039ECFD138D0B" box="[621,685,752,776]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
, one of which, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54878865FF97FF81459B39ECFBB08D0B" box="[934,1038,752,776]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(designated
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF97FF8146B7380DFEFB8D2A" author="Connolly M" box="[138,325,785,809]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" pagination="1 - 660" refId="ref7733" refString="Connolly M. 1939. A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum 33: 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13072A42FF97FF814755380DFE778D2A" box="[360,457,785,809]" captionStart="Figures 1–3" captionStartId="3.[125,194,994,1013]" captionTargetBox="[207,1089,139,952]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[204,1094,133,958]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1–3. Euonyma laeocochlis (Melvill and Ponsonby, 1896). (1) Lectotype, BMNH, length 30.4 mm. (2) Livecollected shell, NMSA V8572, length 32.5 mm. (3) Apex of previous, NMSA V8572." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658003/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), is in the Natural History Museum, London (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2DAE02FF97FF814279380DFB1E8D2A" box="[1092,1184,785,809]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
1902.7.30.19). [The location of the other specimen is unknown—it is not present in either the National Museum of Wales or the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F8F825FF97FF8144A5384EFC9F8D69" box="[664,801,850,874]" country="United Kingdom" name="Manchester" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">Manchester</collectingRegion>
|
||
Museum (Rowson pers. comm.,
|
||
<date id="FF821007FF97FF8146B7386EFE9F8D89" box="[138,289,882,906]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" value="2005-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC6E9EFFF97FF8146B7386EFE9F8D89" box="[138,289,882,906]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" value="2005-03">March 2005</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
), both of which contain other Melvill types.] Although these two specimens were said to have been part of a larger sample, none of this additional material appears to have been deposited in
|
||
<location id="8EE3601CFF96FF8047AE3BB5FD888EC2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039587D1FF90FF8347773FAFFCA68FE0:8EE3601CFF96FF8047AE3BB5FD888EC2" box="[403,566,169,193]" name="South African" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" stateProvince="Western Cape">South African</location>
|
||
museums
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF43664FFF97FF8146B73D7AFE248890" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658005" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4658005" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658005/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" startId="4.[138,198,1638,1657]" targetBox="[246,1076,1002,1602]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF97FF8146B73D7AFE248890" blockId="4.[138,1186,1638,1683]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">
|
||
Figure 4.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF97FF8146D63D7AFD7D887A" authority="(Melvill and Ponsonby, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Melvill and Ponsonby" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[235,707,1638,1657]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="laeocochlis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF97FF8146D63D7AFE21887A" box="[235,415,1638,1657]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065">Euonyma laeocochlis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF97FF8147903D7AFD05887A" author="Melvill JC & Ponsonby J" box="[429,699,1638,1657]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1065" pagination="314 - 318" refId="ref7835" refString="Melvill JC, Ponsonby J. 1896. Descriptions of new terrestrial Mollusca from South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 18: 314 - 318." type="journal article" year="1896">Melvill and Ponsonby, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
distribution: black triangles represent site records; contours at 500 and 1000 m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF96FF8046A53BD6FDFD8FC7" blockId="5.[125,1173,137,1685]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">
|
||
In the more than 100 years since its description, no further specimens of this species have come to light. The absence of additional material, despite an interest in shell collecting at the Albany Museum, Grahamstown, in the first half of the 20th century, suggested that the species was a habitat specialist, which was either now extinct or perhaps confined to habitats of limited extent, the nature of which remained unknown. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54878865FF96FF8045C63A57FB928F60" box="[1019,1068,331,355]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, ‘‘Humansdorp, St Francis Bay’’, given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF96FF8044483A70FC6F8F87" author="Melvill JC & Ponsonby J" box="[629,977,364,388]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" pagination="314 - 318" refId="ref7835" refString="Melvill JC, Ponsonby J. 1896. Descriptions of new terrestrial Mollusca from South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 18: 314 - 318." type="journal article" year="1896">Melvill and Ponsonby (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
almost certainly related to the general area of origin, rather than a precise locality, and is thus of limited value in locating a species of this kind.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF96FF8046A53AD1FEF88DEF" blockId="5.[125,1173,137,1685]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">
|
||
Fortuitously, in 1999 some land snail specimens sent to me for identification by Mr Derek Clark, warden of the Baviaanskloof Wilderness Area, E.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F8F825FF96FF8045A23AF2FC618C05" box="[927,991,494,518]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
, proved to be examples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF96FF80471E3913FE008C25" baseAuthorityName="Melvill and Ponsonby" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[291,446,526,550]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="laeocochlis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF96FF80471E3913FE008C25" box="[291,446,526,550]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">E. laeocochlis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Pursuing this new evidence, I subsequently visited the Baviaanskloof area in 2000 and found the species to be moderately common there, living under stones in grassy fynbos on the summit regions (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B22FF96FF8044C73953FC308C64" box="[762,910,591,615]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" unit="m" value="750.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="500.0">500–1000 m</quantity>
|
||
) of the Kougaberg, in the area between Geelhoutbos and Rooihoek, on the southern side of the valley (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13072A42FF96FF80421C3973FB3B8C84" box="[1057,1157,623,647]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="4.[138,198,1638,1657]" captionTargetBox="[246,1076,1002,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-262@4.[246,1076,1002,1602]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 4. Euonyma laeocochlis (Melvill and Ponsonby, 1896) distribution: black triangles represent site records; contours at 500 and 1000 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658005" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658005/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The Baviaanskloof lies within the broader Humansdorp District and it possible that this represents the area in which the original specimens were collected. Grassy fynbos is a plant community characteristic of the eastern region of the fynbos biome, occurring both in coastal lowlands and on mountains (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF96FF80447C39EDFC038D0A" author="Cowling R & Richardson D" box="[577,957,753,777]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" refId="ref7759" refString="Cowling R, Richardson D. 1995. Fynbos, South Africa's unique floral kingdom. Vlaeberg: Fernwood Press." type="book" year="1995">Cowling and Richardson 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The absence of records from the much more accessible lowland localities suggests that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF96FF8045DC380EFBC88D2A" baseAuthorityName="Melvill and Ponsonby" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[993,1142,785,809]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="laeocochlis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF96FF8045DC380EFBC88D2A" box="[993,1142,785,809]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">E. laeocochlis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is restricted to montane grassy fynbos habitats, which are largely remote and difficult to access. These will be somewhat cooler than coastal localities and benefit from more frequent mist and cloud (mean annual precipitation.
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B22FF96FF8044D1386EFCF08D89" box="[748,846,882,906]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" unit="mm" value="800.0">800 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF96FF804564386EFC448D89" author="Schulze RE" box="[857,1018,882,906]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" pagination="96" refId="ref7887" refString="Schulze RE. 1997. South African atlas of agrohydrology and - climatology. Pretoria: Water Research Commission. Report nr TT 82 / 96." type="journal article" year="1997">Schulze 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The species was not found at lower altitudes in the Baviaanskloof system where the vegetation changes variously to succulent thicket, Nama Karoo, and savanna, with isolated patches of forest in protected gorges.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF96FF8046A538E9FE6E8AAC" blockId="5.[125,1173,137,1685]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">
|
||
The only figure of the species published to date is that of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF96FF80450038E9FB2A8A0E" author="Melvill JC & Ponsonby J" box="[829,1172,1013,1037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" pagination="314 - 318" refId="ref7835" refString="Melvill JC, Ponsonby J. 1896. Descriptions of new terrestrial Mollusca from South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 18: 314 - 318." type="journal article" year="1896">Melvill and Ponsonby (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(reproduced by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF96FF8047793F09FE5E8A2E" author="Pilsbry HA" box="[324,480,1045,1069]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref7864" refString="Pilsbry HA. 1906. Achatinidae. Manual of Conchology (Series 2) 18 (69): 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="1906">Pilsbry 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Plate 10, Figure 68), which is poor and inadequate. I therefore take this opportunity to refigure the BMNH
|
||
<typeStatus id="54878865FF96FF8044D33F29FCE88A4E" box="[750,854,1077,1101]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13072A42FF96FF8045583F29FC7A8A4E" box="[869,964,1077,1101]" captionStart="Figures 1–3" captionStartId="3.[125,194,994,1013]" captionTargetBox="[207,1089,139,952]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[204,1094,133,958]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1–3. Euonyma laeocochlis (Melvill and Ponsonby, 1896). (1) Lectotype, BMNH, length 30.4 mm. (2) Livecollected shell, NMSA V8572, length 32.5 mm. (3) Apex of previous, NMSA V8572." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658003/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) and provide also an illustration of a fresh specimen in good condition (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13072A42FF96FF8044D33F4AFCED8A6D" box="[750,851,1110,1134]" captionStart="Figures 1–3" captionStartId="3.[125,194,994,1013]" captionTargetBox="[207,1089,139,952]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[204,1094,133,958]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1–3. Euonyma laeocochlis (Melvill and Ponsonby, 1896). (1) Lectotype, BMNH, length 30.4 mm. (2) Livecollected shell, NMSA V8572, length 32.5 mm. (3) Apex of previous, NMSA V8572." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658003/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF96FF8045543F4AFB938A6D" author="Connolly M" box="[873,1069,1110,1134]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" pagination="1 - 660" refId="ref7733" refString="Connolly M. 1939. A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum 33: 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
gave the length of the species as
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B22FF96FF8047A93F6AFE438A8D" box="[404,509,1142,1166]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.04" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" unit="mm" value="30.4">30.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, but the largest specimen in the newly acquired material measures
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B22FF96FF8046CC3F8BFEE68AAC" box="[241,344,1175,1199]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" unit="mm" value="35.5">35.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF96FF8346A53FA4FE508F02" blockId="5.[125,1173,137,1685]" lastBlockId="6.[138,1185,137,257]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="1067" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF96FF8046A53FA4FEE58AD3" author="Connolly M" box="[152,347,1208,1232]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" pagination="1 - 660" refId="ref7733" refString="Connolly M. 1939. A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum 33: 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
drew attention to the significance of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF96FF8045343FA4FC248AD3" baseAuthorityName="Melvill and Ponsonby" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[777,922,1208,1232]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="laeocochlis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF96FF8045343FA4FC248AD3" box="[777,922,1208,1232]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">E. laeocochlis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54878865FF96FF8045D13FA4FBA38AD3" box="[1004,1053,1208,1232]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF96FF8046403FC5FD888AF3" authority="Melvill and Ponsonby, 1896" authorityName="Melvill and Ponsonby" authorityYear="1896" box="[125,566,1240,1264]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF96FF8046403FC5FF588AF3" box="[125,230,1241,1264]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">Euonyma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF96FF8046D03FC4FD888AF3" author="Melvill JC & Ponsonby J" box="[237,566,1240,1264]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" pagination="314 - 318" refId="ref7835" refString="Melvill JC, Ponsonby J. 1896. Descriptions of new terrestrial Mollusca from South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 18: 314 - 318." type="journal article" year="1896">Melvill and Ponsonby, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pointing out that the referral of other large southern African subulinids to this genus may not be justified.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF96FF8044DD3FE4FC128B13" author="Verdcourt B" box="[736,940,1272,1296]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" pagination="95 - 101" refId="ref7953" refString="Verdcourt B. 1968. Notes on Euonyma Melvill & Ponsonby in East Africa (Subulinidae). Arkiv fur Molluskenkunde 98: 95 - 101." type="journal article" year="1968">Verdcourt (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reiterated this more strongly in relation to East African subulinids, stating ‘‘there is no evidence whatever that the larger species are really congeneric with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54878865FF96FF8044893E25FD5B8B52" box="[692,741,1337,1361]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF96FF8045323E26FCC68B52" authorityName="Melvill and Ponsonby" authorityYear="1896" box="[783,888,1338,1361]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF96FF8045323E26FCC68B52" box="[783,888,1338,1361]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">Euonyma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
…’’.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF96FF80458E3E26FB2A8B52" baseAuthorityName="Melvill and Ponsonby" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[947,1172,1337,1361]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="laeocochlis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF96FF80458E3E26FB2A8B52" box="[947,1172,1337,1361]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">Euonyma laeocochlis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a distinctively acute apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13072A42FF96FF8047DB3E45FDF78B72" box="[486,585,1369,1393]" captionStart="Figures 1–3" captionStartId="3.[125,194,994,1013]" captionTargetBox="[207,1089,139,952]" captionTargetId="figure-102@3.[204,1094,133,958]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 1–3. Euonyma laeocochlis (Melvill and Ponsonby, 1896). (1) Lectotype, BMNH, length 30.4 mm. (2) Livecollected shell, NMSA V8572, length 32.5 mm. (3) Apex of previous, NMSA V8572." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4658003/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas most other supposed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF96FF8045F43E46FB8C8B72" authorityName="Melvill and Ponsonby" authorityYear="1896" box="[969,1074,1370,1393]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF96FF8045F43E46FB8C8B72" box="[969,1074,1370,1393]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">Euonyma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, including all those occurring in southern Africa, have a bluntly rounded apex. In this regard
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF96FF8046403E87FEAA8BB1" baseAuthorityName="Melvill and Ponsonby" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[125,276,1434,1458]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="laeocochlis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF96FF8046403E87FEAA8BB1" box="[125,276,1434,1458]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">E. laeocochlis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles members of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF96FF8044F93E86FC428BB1" authority="Pilsbry, 1919" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1919" box="[708,1020,1434,1458]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Subuliniscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF96FF8044F93E86FCF48BB1" box="[708,842,1434,1458]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">Subuliniscus</emphasis>
|
||
Pilsbry, 1919
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with which
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF96FF8046403EA7FEF88BD0" author="Connolly M" box="[125,326,1467,1491]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" pagination="1 - 660" refId="ref7733" refString="Connolly M. 1939. A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum 33: 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
postulated it might be synonymous, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF96FF80456D3EA7FB2F8BD0" authority="Pilsbry, 1919" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1919" box="[848,1169,1467,1491]" class="Gastropoda" family="Achatinidae" genus="Oreohomorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF96FF80456D3EA7FC618BD0" box="[848,991,1467,1491]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">Oreohomorus</emphasis>
|
||
Pilsbry, 1919
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, in these taxa the embryonic whorls are reported to have strong spiral sculpture, a feature that is entirely lacking in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF96FF80443B3EE0FD278810" baseAuthorityName="Melvill and Ponsonby" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[518,665,1531,1555]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="laeocochlis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF96FF80443B3EE0FD278810" box="[518,665,1531,1555]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">E. laeocochlis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The embryonic shell in the latter species, after an initially smooth first whorl, bears only axial riblets.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF96FF8045763D00FBAE8837" author="Connolly M" box="[843,1040,1564,1588]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" pagination="1 - 660" refId="ref7733" refString="Connolly M. 1939. A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum 33: 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
speculated that the other local subulinids that he placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF96FF80449A3D21FCAE8857" authorityName="Melvill and Ponsonby" authorityYear="1896" box="[679,784,1597,1620]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF96FF80449A3D21FCAE8857" box="[679,784,1597,1620]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">Euonyma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may need to be referred to a new or alternative genus (genera), but he wisely refrained from pursuing this on account of the lack of anatomical data, not only for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF96FF80441E3D62FD0D8896" baseAuthorityName="Melvill and Ponsonby" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[547,691,1661,1685]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="laeocochlis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF96FF80441E3D62FD0D8896" box="[547,691,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">E. laeocochlis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but for all local ‘‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF96FF8045BB3D62FC518896" authorityName="Melvill and Ponsonby" authorityYear="1896" box="[902,1007,1662,1685]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF96FF8045BB3D62FC518896" box="[902,1007,1662,1685]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1066">Euonyma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’’ species. The rediscovery of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54878865FF95FF83475D3B95FE2F8EA2" box="[352,401,137,161]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1067">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D44FF95FF83442C3B95FDC48EA3" authorityName="Melvill and Ponsonby" authorityYear="1896" box="[529,634,137,160]" class="Gastropoda" family="Subulinidae" genus="Euonyma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="6" pageNumber="1067" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF95FF83442C3B95FDC48EA3" box="[529,634,137,160]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1067">Euonyma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
now provides material which can be studied in an attempt to resolve these uncertainties. A number of live-collected specimens were obtained and the soft parts preserved for anatomical examination. Samples were also preserved for molecular study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF95FF8346B73A26FEA68F51" blockId="6.[138,280,314,338]" box="[138,280,314,338]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1067">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EAD5FF95FF8346B73A26FEA68F51" box="[138,280,314,338]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1067">Conservation</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8336C7FF95FF8346B73A77FCA68FE0" blockId="6.[138,1185,363,483]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1067">
|
||
In the light of this new information, the threat status of the species has been assessed in terms of the current IUCN criteria (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF95FF8344663A97FD468FA0" author="IUCN" box="[603,760,395,419]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1067" refId="ref7806" refString="IUCN, 2001. IUCN red list categories and criteria: version 3.1. Prepared by the IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland (Switzerland): IUCN." type="book" year="2001">IUCN 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). An application for red-listing as ‘‘Endangered B1’’ has been submitted. Fortunately, the Baviaanskloof has been identified as a priority area for conservation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B36FF95FF83441E3AD7FCB28FE0" author="Boshoff A & Cowling R & Kerley G" box="[547,780,459,483]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1067" refId="ref7564" refString="Boshoff A, Cowling R, Kerley G. 2000. The Baviaanskloof Conservation Area: a conservation and tourism development priority. Port Elizabeth: University of Port Elizabeth, Terrestrial Ecology Research Unit. Report nr 27. http: // zoo. upe. ac. za / teru / BCA /." type="journal volume" year="2000">Boshoff et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |