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<document ID-ISSN="2305-2562" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1683583433851" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Vohland, Katrin &amp; Hamer, Michelle" docDate="2013" docId="039587C7FF96FF8966ACFE1A627D7228" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.54.1.251-304.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 54 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D.3:AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Paradoxosomatidae Daday 1889" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="256" masterDocId="FFACFFBFFF93FF8C671FFF836053766B" masterDocTitle="A review of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of Namibia, with identification keys and descriptions of two new genera and five new species" masterLastPageNumber="251" masterPageNumber="251" pageNumber="256" updateTime="1683642714112" updateUser="diego" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A review of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of Namibia, with identification keys and descriptions of two new genera and five new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Vohland, Katrin</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hamer, Michelle</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>African Invertebrates</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2013-06-30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>54</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>251</mods:start>
<mods:end>251</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039587C7FF96FF8966ACFE1A627D7228" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039587C7FF96FF8966ACFE1A627D7228" lastPageNumber="256" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">
<subSubSection box="[435,888,409,435]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="5.[435,888,409,435]" box="[435,888,409,435]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">
<heading box="[435,888,409,435]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" reason="7">
Family
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="DY9" authority="Daday, 1889" authorityName="Daday" authorityYear="1889" box="[521,888,409,435]" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Paradoxosomatidae Daday, 1889</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="256" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="5.[181,1142,449,1092]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">
Diagnosis: Features of the family
<taxonomicName authorityName="Daday" authorityYear="1889" box="[545,760,449,475]" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Paradoxosomatidae</taxonomicName>
include position of the paraterga of the 2
<superScript attach="left" box="[235,251,481,495]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">nd</superScript>
segment which lie below the collum (
<figureCitation box="[670,752,481,507]" captionStart="Figs 31–36" captionStartId="18.[144,183,835,857]" captionTargetBox="[169,1079,211,812]" captionTargetId="figure-211@18.[144,1104,204,814]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figs 31–36. Umbridesmus millequingentesimus (Attems), ♂: (31) left gonopod (mesal aspect); (32) head and segments 1–4 (lateral aspect); (33) leg 2; (34) conus on sternite 5; (35) leg 5; (36) last segment (ventral aspect). Abbreviations: (col) collum, (ms) microsensilla on antennae, (pr) paraterga, (pt) pleurotergal ridges. Scale bar = 1 mm." pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
), the medially constricted gonopod aperture, the unconnected gonopod coxae, a distinct postfemoral cingulum (constriction or girdle) in the gonopods (
<figureCitation box="[488,556,545,571]" captionStart="Figs 8–11" captionStartId="9.[181,220,1582,1604]" captionTargetBox="[200,1121,854,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-261@9.[181,1141,850,1567]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 8–11. Oxidus gracilis (C.L. Koch), ♂: (8) right gonopod (mesal aspect); (9) leg 2; (10) last segment (ventral aspect); (11) sternite 6. Abbreviations: (a) anterior direction, (ci) cingulum, (cx) coxa, (e) epiproct, (f) femur, (hy) hypoproct, (p) posterior direction, (pa) paraproct, (prf) prefemur, (ptf) postfemur, (s) solenomere, (ta) tarsus, (ti) tibia. Scale bar = 1 mm." pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
,
<emphasis box="[569,589,546,571]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">ci</emphasis>
) and paired setae on the paraprocts lying parallel to the midline (
<figureCitation box="[352,436,577,603]" captionStart="Figs 8–11" captionStartId="9.[181,220,1582,1604]" captionTargetBox="[200,1121,854,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-261@9.[181,1141,850,1567]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 8–11. Oxidus gracilis (C.L. Koch), ♂: (8) right gonopod (mesal aspect); (9) leg 2; (10) last segment (ventral aspect); (11) sternite 6. Abbreviations: (a) anterior direction, (ci) cingulum, (cx) coxa, (e) epiproct, (f) femur, (hy) hypoproct, (p) posterior direction, (pa) paraproct, (prf) prefemur, (ptf) postfemur, (s) solenomere, (ta) tarsus, (ti) tibia. Scale bar = 1 mm." pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[181,1142,449,1092]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">
Remarks: The paradoxosomatid tribe
<taxonomicName authority="Jeekel, 1968" authorityName="Jeekel" authorityYear="1968" box="[614,936,617,643]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" rank="tribe" tribe="Cnemodesmini">
Cnemodesmini
<bibRefCitation author="JEEKEL, C. A. W." box="[793,936,617,643]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" refId="ref25543" refString="JEEKEL, C. A. W. 1968. On the classification and geographical distribution of the family Paradoxosomatidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). Rotterdam: Bronder-Offset." type="book" year="1968">Jeekel, 1968</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
includes the only polydesmidans occurring natively in
<collectingCountry box="[588,688,649,675]" name="Namibia" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Namibia</collectingCountry>
. Two genera (
<taxonomicName authority="Cook, 1896" authorityName=": Cook" authorityYear="1896" box="[839,1137,649,675]" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Cnemodesmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[839,1000,649,675]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Cnemodesmus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="COOK, O. F." box="[1006,1137,649,675]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" pagination="81 - 111" refId="ref24258" refString="COOK, O. F. 1896. East African Diplopoda of the suborder Polydesmoidea, collected by Mr. William Astor Chanler. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 18: 81 - 111." type="journal article" year="1896">Cook, 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName authority="Attems, 1926" authorityName=": Attems" authorityYear="1926" box="[227,550,681,707]" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Podochresimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[227,397,681,707]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Podochresimus</emphasis>
Attems, 1926
</taxonomicName>
) were previously known, and an additional two (
<taxonomicName authority="Vohland" authorityName="Vohland" authorityYear="2013" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Praeterpediculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. n.">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Praeterpediculus</emphasis>
Vohland
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[435,511,713,739]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName authority="Vohland" authorityName="Vohland" authorityYear="2013" box="[566,825,713,739]" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Umbridesmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. n.">
<emphasis box="[566,722,713,739]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Umbridesmus</emphasis>
Vohland
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[837,913,713,739]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
) are described here. In addition, the pandemic
<taxonomicName authority="(C. L. Koch, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="C. L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[484,878,745,771]" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Oxidus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis box="[484,658,745,771]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Oxidus gracilis</emphasis>
(C.L.
<bibRefCitation author="KOCH, C. L." box="[735,869,745,771]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" refId="ref25693" refString="KOCH, C. L. 1847. System der Myriapoden. In: Herrich-Schaffer, G. A. W., ed., Kritische Revision der Insectenfauna Deutschlands. Vol. 3. Regensburg: F. Pustet, pp. 1 - 196." type="book" year="1847">Koch, 1847</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
of the tribe
<taxonomicName box="[1023,1141,745,771]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" rank="tribe" tribe="Sulicferini">Sulicferini</taxonomicName>
occurs in the coastal region. The tribe
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jeekel" authorityYear="1968" box="[601,771,777,803]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" rank="tribe" tribe="Cnemodesmini">Cnemodesmini</taxonomicName>
is defined by the gonopod having one or more femoral processes near the base of the solenomere (
<bibRefCitation author="JEEKEL, C. A. W." box="[900,1039,809,835]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" refId="ref25543" refString="JEEKEL, C. A. W. 1968. On the classification and geographical distribution of the family Paradoxosomatidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). Rotterdam: Bronder-Offset." type="book" year="1968">Jeekel 1968</bibRefCitation>
). All Namibian paradoxosomatid millipedes have very similar somatic features; they are small in size, with narrowly rounded paraterga, and microsensilla on antennomere 5 and 6, and only differ in male secondary sexual characters, namely the gonopods, the conus on sternite 5 and peculiarities of the pregonopodial legs. Therefore, the key is based almost entirely on these features.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[181,1142,449,1092]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">
The distribution pattern of the genera is mainly extrapolated from single records, except for
<taxonomicName authority="Shelley &amp; Crawford, 1996" authorityName=": Shelley &amp; Crawford" authorityYear="1996" box="[274,840,1033,1059]" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Cnemodesmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polydesmida" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="riparius">
<emphasis box="[274,533,1033,1059]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Cnemodesmus riparius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="SHELLEY, R. M. &amp; CRAWFORD, C. S." box="[540,840,1033,1059]" pageId="5" pageNumber="256" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref27034" refString="SHELLEY, R. M. &amp; CRAWFORD, C. S. 1996. Cnemodesmus riparius sp. nov., a riparian millipede from the Namib Desert, Africa (Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae). Myriapodologica 4 (1): 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1996">Shelley &amp; Crawford, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, which is apparently found along an ephemeral river (
<figureCitation box="[476,541,1065,1091]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[269,302,1015,1037]" captionTargetBox="[176,1076,207,993]" captionTargetId="figure-185@6.[173,1079,204,996]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 1. Distribution of the family Paradoxosomatidae (Diplopoda) in Namibia." pageId="5" pageNumber="256">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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