218 lines
22 KiB
XML
218 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="AF4BA16B7D3AE603C3C0DD6CFDC14C9F">Revision of Pazala Moore, 1888: The Graphium (Pazala) alebion and G. (P.) tamerlanus Groups, with Notes on Taxonomic and Distribution Confusions (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="80BE34FE080389FB83BFB125A264C14D">Zhang, Hui-Hong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="10574D5911E65A3C0E430E5F2CBD6184">Cotton, Adam M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="54DE1BF1CA18CAF9FEE9FAE504FB0854">Condamine, Fabien L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F5CBDB8C335329D5C080A902C881ED3F">Wang, Rong-Jiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="486AC3459EED93405AA8A94565A14264">Hsu, Yu-Feng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0FF381E5BEDB2E799C6B2862635C2C83">Duan, Kuang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2125C09BA2CAFCD857E5B45049686A53">Zhang, Xin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="691FD3FB8800447CF648060C0CAB121C">Hu, Shao-Ji</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="53375620A9ADA8CEE9AB4E27743FBDE4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B5A1804C134B05DCC51410B6860415B0">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8E4955C36891A67660593337D63F4DB2">2020-04-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1C37B7B8F0D8A5E5629ED34977096439">4759</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03958782FFEBA248FF3EFAE7FAE2AAAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3811897" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163420525" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3811897" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03958782FFEBA248FF3EFAE7FAE2AAAD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03958782FFEBA248FF3EFAE7FAE2AAAD" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">
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<paragraph id="8B833694FFEBA24BFF3EFAE7FCC5A9C8" blockId="9.[151,879,1387,1414]" box="[151,879,1387,1414]" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">
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<heading id="D0CB81F8FFEBA24BFF3EFAE7FCC5A9C8" bold="true" box="[151,879,1387,1414]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B948EA86FFEBA24BFF3EFAE7FCC5A9C8" bold="true" box="[151,879,1387,1414]" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D17FFEBA24BFF3EFAE7FD41A9C8" ID-CoL="6L3BF" authority="(Oberthur, 1876)" baseAuthorityName="Oberthur" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[151,747,1387,1414]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Graphium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tamerlanus" subGenus="Pazala">
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<emphasis id="B948EA86FFEBA24BFF3EFAE7FEBFA9CB" bold="true" box="[151,277,1387,1414]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">Graphium</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B948EA86FFEBA24BFE8FFAE7FEDDA9CB" bold="true" box="[294,375,1387,1414]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">Pazala</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B948EA86FFEBA24BFE21FAE7FDBBA9CB" bold="true" box="[392,529,1387,1414]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">tamerlanus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B65FFEBA24BFD89FAE7FD49A9C8" author="Oberthur, C." box="[544,739,1387,1413]" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" pagination="13 - 34" refId="ref10267" refString="Oberthur, C. (1876) Lepidopteres nouveaux de la Chine. Etudes d'Entomologie, 2, 13 - 34, pls. I-IV. [in French]" type="journal article" year="1876">Oberthür, 1876</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13072A11FFEBA24BFD52FAE7FCCFA9C8" box="[763,869,1387,1413]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,250,975,1000]" captionTargetBox="[283,1303,179,948]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[283,1303,179,948]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. G. (P.) tamerlanus (Oberthür, 1876); upperside above, underside below; scale bar = 10 mm. A–C: ssp. tamerlanus (Oberthür, 1876), ♂(A–B), Baoxing, Sichuan, China, ♀(C), Pingwu, Sichuan, China, © Peking University; D–F: ssp. kansuensis (O. Bang-Haas, 1933), ♂(D–E), ♀(F), Ningshan, Shaanxi, China." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736026" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736026/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">Figure 9</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C326651FFFEBA24BFF3EFA3CFE98AAA5" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B833694FFEBA24BFF3EFA3CFB10A985" blockId="9.[151,1210,1455,1480]" box="[151,1210,1455,1480]" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D17FFEBA24BFF3EFA3CFDA8A985" ID-CoL="6DFM" authority="Tamerlanus Oberthur, 1876" authorityName="Tamerlanus Oberthur C. R. Smith" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,514,1455,1480]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B948EA86FFEBA24BFF3EFA3CFEF5A985" box="[151,351,1456,1480]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">Papilio Tamerlanus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B65FFEBA24BFECCFA23FDA8A985" author="Oberthur, C." box="[357,514,1455,1480]" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" pagination="13 - 34" refId="ref10267" refString="Oberthur, C. (1876) Lepidopteres nouveaux de la Chine. Etudes d'Entomologie, 2, 13 - 34, pls. I-IV. [in French]" type="journal article" year="1876">Oberthür, 1876</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Ét. Ent., 2: 13, pl. II, f. 1; TL: ‘Moupin’ [Baoxing,
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<collectingRegion id="49F8F876FFEBA24BFBA6FA23FBC9A985" box="[1039,1123,1455,1480]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F32B7604FFEBA24BFBC4FA23FB05A985" box="[1133,1199,1455,1480]" name="China" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">China</collectingCountry>
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].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B833694FFEBA24BFF3EFA79FE98AAA5" blockId="9.[151,1437,1525,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">
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<emphasis id="B948EA86FFEBA24BFF3EFA79FE0DAA5D" bold="true" box="[151,423,1525,1552]" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">Diagnostic characters:</emphasis>
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The largest of the three species, both wings broad, ground colour pale white; all black markings on both wings thinner. Forewing the 1
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<superScript id="7C499BDCFFEBA24BFD10F995FD6EAA6A" attach="none" box="[697,708,1561,1575]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">st</superScript>
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, 2
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<superScript id="7C499BDCFFEBA24BFD48F995FD5BAA6A" attach="none" box="[737,753,1561,1575]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">nd</superScript>
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, 8
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<superScript id="7C499BDCFFEBA24BFCA7F995FCB1AA6A" attach="left" box="[782,795,1561,1575]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">th</superScript>
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black bands all reach tornal margin in both sexes, while the 9
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<superScript id="7C499BDCFFEBA24BFF67F9B1FF71AA06" attach="left" box="[206,219,1597,1611]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">th</superScript>
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black band tends to be reduced near the tornus, and the terminal (10
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<superScript id="7C499BDCFFEBA24BFC79F9B1FC77AA06" attach="none" box="[976,989,1597,1611]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">th</superScript>
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) black band usually only reaches or just crosses vein CuA
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<subScript id="17B834D1FFEBA24BFEF3F9F8FEC8AACF" attach="left" box="[346,354,1652,1666]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">2</subScript>
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; dark scales between the 8
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<superScript id="7C499BDCFFEBA24BFD24F9EDFD30AA22" attach="left" box="[653,666,1633,1647]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">th</superScript>
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and 9
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<superScript id="7C499BDCFFEBA24BFD77F9EDFD41AA22" attach="left" box="[734,747,1633,1647]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">th</superScript>
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bands only indicated near the apex; the 7
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<superScript id="7C499BDCFFEBA24BFB11F9EDFB6FAA22" attach="left" box="[1208,1221,1633,1647]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">th</superScript>
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band not displaced inward in cell R
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<subScript id="17B834D1FFEBA24BFEE6F914FEFDAAEB" attach="left" box="[335,343,1688,1702]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">4</subScript>
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; veins CuA
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<subScript id="17B834D1FFEBA24BFE49F914FE42AAEB" attach="left" box="[480,488,1688,1702]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">2</subScript>
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to M
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<subScript id="17B834D1FFEBA24BFD8EF914FD85AAEB" attach="left" box="[551,559,1688,1702]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">2</subScript>
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only faintly stained with black distally. Hindwing discal band not broadened towards costa; no whitish small patch at the base of tail in cell M
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<subScript id="17B834D1FFEBA24BFCD7F930FC2CAA87" attach="left" box="[894,902,1724,1738]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">3</subScript>
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; tornal yellow spots much smaller and divided on both sides.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C326651FFFEBA248FF6EF97EFAE2AAAD" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B833694FFEBA24BFF6EF97EFC6AABA9" blockId="9.[151,1437,1525,2021]" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">
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<emphasis id="B948EA86FFEBA24BFF6EF97EFED9AB41" bold="true" box="[199,371,1777,1804]" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">Male genitalia</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13072A11FFEBA24BFE2AF97EFE59AB41" box="[387,499,1778,1804]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1944,1969]" captionTargetBox="[294,1294,1130,1919]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[294,1294,1130,1919]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 10. Male genitalia of G. (P.) tamerlanus tamerlanus (Oberthür, 1876) from Baoxing, Sichuan, China; scale bar = 1.0 mm.All: genitalia as a whole, R.: lateral view of ring, TSU: dorsal view of tegumen, socii and uncus, V.: right valve, Ae.: lateral view of aedeagus, Ju.: ventral view of juxta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736028/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">Figure 10</figureCitation>
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): In total,
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<specimenCount id="9D3AFD1DFFEBA24BFDC7F97EFD62AB41" box="[622,712,1778,1804]" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" type="male">10 male</specimenCount>
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genitalia were dissected for the two known subspecies, namely
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<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D17FFEBA24BFF3EF89BFEE2AB7D" authorityName="tamerlanus (Oberthur" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,328,1814,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Graphium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="tamerlanus" subSpecies="tamerlanus">
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ssp.
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<emphasis id="B948EA86FFEBA24BFF63F89AFEE2AB7D" box="[202,328,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">tamerlanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D17FFEBA24BFE28F89BFD87AB7D" baseAuthorityName="O. Bang-Haas" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[385,557,1814,1841]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Graphium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="tamerlanus" subSpecies="kansuensis">
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ssp.
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<emphasis id="B948EA86FFEBA24BFE1DF89AFD87AB7D" box="[436,557,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">kansuensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and the general characters were consistent. Highly sclerotized. Ring slightly wavy in the upper half; saccus small but moderately sclerotized; socius toothed laterally, distance between the base of socii
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(mean = 0.49 ±
|
||
<quantity id="4CC49B71FFEBA24BFDF8F8D2FD1DAB34" box="[593,695,1886,1913]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="0.08">0.08 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EA86FFEBA24BFD6AF8D3FD7BAB35" box="[707,721,1887,1912]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 10). Valve short, oval in general, dorsal terminal harpe short, pear-shaped with both lower angles more acute, edge serrate with the base connected; the medial harpe long and slightly curved, the dorsal projection bayonet-shaped with pointed or toothed tip; no tooth in the middle of the medial harpe. Juxta weakly sclerotized with hairy membrane on both sides.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF43661CFFE8A248FF3EFA47FEAAAA4A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736024" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3736024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736024/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="87" startId="10.[151,250,1483,1508]" targetBox="[183,1404,181,1457]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B833694FFE8A248FF3EFA47FEAAAA4A" blockId="10.[151,1436,1483,1543]" pageId="10" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EA86FFE8A248FF3EFA47FEB9A9A9" bold="true" box="[151,275,1483,1508]" pageId="10" pageNumber="87">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Female genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D17FFE8A248FE4DFA40FCB1A9AE" authority="(Niceville, 1900)" baseAuthorityName="Niceville" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[484,795,1483,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parus" subGenus="Pazala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EA86FFE8A248FE4DFA40FE54A9AE" box="[484,510,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="87">G.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EA86FFE8A248FDA5FA40FD8AA9AE" box="[524,544,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="87">P.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EA86FFE8A248FD87FA40FDC2A9AE" box="[558,616,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="87">parus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAD4B65FFE8A248FDDCFA47FCBEA9AE" author="Niceville, L. de" box="[629,788,1483,1508]" pageId="10" pageNumber="87" pagination="157 - 176" refId="ref10146" refString="Niceville, L. de. (1900) On new and little-known Lepidoptera from the Oriental Region. Journal of Bombay Natural History Society, 13, 157 - 176, pls. CC-EE." type="journal article" year="1900">Nicéville, 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Yulong Xueshan, Lijiang, N.W. Yunnan, China; scale bar = 1.0 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B833694FFE8A248FF6EF9BAFAE2AAAD" blockId="10.[151,1436,1589,1760]" pageId="10" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EA86FFE8A248FF6EF9BAFE24AA1D" bold="true" box="[199,398,1589,1616]" pageId="10" pageNumber="87">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13072A11FFE8A248FE37F9BAFDA6AA1D" box="[414,524,1590,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1229,1254]" captionTargetBox="[284,1304,199,1204]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[284,1304,199,1204]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 11. Female genitalia of G. (P.) tamerlanus tamerlanus (Oberthür, 1876) from Pingwu, Sichuan, China; scale bar = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736030" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736030/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="87">Figure 11</figureCitation>
|
||
): In total, two females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D17FFE8A248FC92F9BAFC47AA1D" authorityName="tamerlanus (Oberthur" authorityYear="1876" box="[827,1005,1590,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Graphium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="tamerlanus" subSpecies="tamerlanus">
|
||
ssp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EA86FFE8A248FCC6F9BAFC47AA1D" box="[879,1005,1590,1616]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="87">tamerlanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and a female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D17FFE8A248FB19F9BAFAF7AA1D" baseAuthorityName="O. Bang-Haas" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[1200,1373,1590,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Graphium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="tamerlanus" subSpecies="kansuensis">
|
||
ssp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EA86FFE8A248FB4DF9BAFAF7AA1D" box="[1252,1373,1590,1616]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="87">kansuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were available for dissection, and the overall characters were consistent. Lamella postvaginalis small; lamella antevaginalis broad horizontally, covered with sclerotized wrinkles; ostial lobe heavily sclerotized, broad at the base and gradually narrowed into a triangular tip in lateral view, the posterior margin smooth in ventral view in two females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D17FFE8A248FF1FF94AFECFAAAD" authorityName="tamerlanus (Oberthur" authorityYear="1876" box="[182,357,1734,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Graphium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="tamerlanus" subSpecies="tamerlanus">
|
||
ssp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EA86FFE8A248FF4EF94AFECFAAAD" box="[231,357,1734,1760]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="87">tamerlanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and only very shallowly indented into “W”-shape in the only female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3C4D17FFE8A248FB3FF94AFAEBAAAD" baseAuthorityName="O. Bang-Haas" baseAuthorityYear="1933" box="[1174,1345,1734,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Graphium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="tamerlanus" subSpecies="kansuensis">
|
||
ssp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B948EA86FFE8A248FB61F94AFAEBAAAD" box="[1224,1345,1734,1760]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="87">kansuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |