344 lines
34 KiB
XML
344 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3610543" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3269bae6-36d8-4c4e-a814-cda94b6aeece" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161746374" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3610543" checkinTime="1579089070375" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rheindt, Frank E., Prawiradilaga, Dewi M., Ashar, Hidayat, Lee, Geraldine W. X., Wu, Meng Yue & Ng, Nathaniel S. R." docDate="2020" docId="03F587A7FFBB8F3BFF127349FCACFF0F" docLanguage="en" docName="science.367.167-170_aax2146-Rheindt-SM.pdf" docOrigin="Science 36" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Phylloscopus suaramerdu Rheindt & Prawiradilaga & Ashar & Lee & Wu & Ng 2020, species nova" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="FFCCFFDFFF9B8F1FFFD2714DFFBCFFEA" masterDocTitle="A lost world in Wallacea: Description of a montane archipelagic avifauna (supplement)" masterLastPageNumber="104" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1643451873296" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A lost world in Wallacea: Description of a montane archipelagic avifauna (supplement)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rheindt, Frank E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Prawiradilaga, Dewi M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ashar, Hidayat</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lee, Geraldine W. X.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wu, Meng Yue</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ng, Nathaniel S. R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Science</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2020-01-10</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>36</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>104</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3608758</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">3269bae6-36d8-4c4e-a814-cda94b6aeece</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3608758</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">8114B399-C68D-43C2-B6D3-B51AA898431E</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3610543" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161746374" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3610543" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F587A7FFBB8F3BFF127349FCACFF0F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F587A7FFBB8F3BFF127349FCACFF0F" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[192,1381,201,1951]" box="[192,291,516,554]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,291,516,554]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">SM5:</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[302,1004,516,555]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[192,1381,201,1951]" box="[302,1004,516,555]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading bold="true" box="[302,1004,516,555]" fontSize="16" level="5" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="0">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[302,1004,516,555]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName authority="Rheindt & Prawiradilaga & Ashar & Lee & Wu & Ng, 2020" authorityName="Rheindt & Prawiradilaga & Ashar & Lee & Wu & Ng" authorityYear="2020" box="[302,758,516,554]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="suaramerdu" status="species nova">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[302,758,516,554]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Phylloscopus suaramerdu</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[780,1004,516,555]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="species">species nova</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[192,1381,201,1951]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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(
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<vernacularName pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Peleng Leaf-Warbler</vernacularName>
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;
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[192,1381,201,1951]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:ED7A42E3-0F42-400B-8195-9E204EEFE169</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[192,1381,201,1951]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[481,495,711,749]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">)</emphasis>
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Frank E. Rheindt, Dewi M. Prawiradilaga, Hidayat Ashari, Suparno, Nathaniel S. R. Ng
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2549955315" collectingDate="2013-12-20" collectionCode="MZB" collectorName="Rheindt & LIPI field party" country="Indonesia" elevation="950" latitude="-1.004878" location="above Kokolomboi village" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="122.01459" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCode="MZB.Ornit.34.440" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[192,1381,201,1951]" box="[192,316,959,987]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading bold="true" box="[192,316,959,987]" fontSize="12" level="7" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,316,959,987]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<typeStatus box="[192,316,959,987]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[192,1381,201,1951]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<specimenCode box="[192,433,1034,1062]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">MZB.Ornit.34.440</specimenCode>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[450,540,1034,1062]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="80.[192,239,1389,1417]" captionTargetBox="[200,1336,200,1336]" captionTargetId="figure@80.[192,1344,192,1344]" captionText="Fig. S8. Holotypes of Phylloscopus suaramerdu (MZB.Ornit.34.440) (top), and Phylloscopus emilsalimi (MZB.Ornit.34.352) (bottom)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3608774" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3608774/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">fig. S8</figureCitation>
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);
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<specimenCount box="[564,628,1034,1062]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="adult">adult</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount box="[636,698,1034,1062]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="male">male</specimenCount>
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collected
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<date box="[830,994,1034,1063]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2013-12-20">
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<collectingDate box="[830,994,1034,1063]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2013-12-20">20 Dec 2013</collectingDate>
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</date>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F587A7FFBB8F3BFF127349FCACFF0F:8E83606AFFBB8F3FFC387547FA83FBCC" box="[1002,1343,1034,1062]" latitude="-1.004878" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="122.01459" name="above Kokolomboi village" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">above Kokolomboi village</location>
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(~
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<quantity box="[217,295,1107,1135]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="950.0">
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<elevation box="[217,295,1107,1135]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="950.0">950m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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)
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F587A7FFBB8F3BFF127349FCACFF0F:8E83606AFFBB8F3FFEEA7518FDB1FB85" box="[312,525,1107,1137]" latitude="-1.004878" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="122.01459" name="on Peleng Island" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">on Peleng Island</location>
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(
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<geoCoordinate box="[543,713,1107,1135]" degrees="01" direction="south" minutes="0" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="1" seconds="17.561" value="-1.004878">S 01⁰ 17.561</geoCoordinate>
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';
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<geoCoordinate box="[730,919,1107,1137]" degrees="122" direction="east" minutes="0" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="1" seconds="52.520" value="122.01459">E 122⁰ 52.520</geoCoordinate>
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'). Collected by the
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<collectorName box="[1161,1262,1107,1135]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Rheindt</collectorName>
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/
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<collectorName pageId="32" pageNumber="33">LIPI field party</collectorName>
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, including tissue samples from breast muscle and liver; skin prepared by Suparno; field number Pel14; some molt; low fat; weight
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<quantity box="[807,867,1254,1282]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="g" value="8.5">8.5g</quantity>
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; wing length
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<quantity box="[1040,1123,1254,1282]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="cm" value="5.6">5.6cm</quantity>
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; wing spread
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<quantity box="[192,290,1328,1356]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="cm" value="15.5">15.5cm</quantity>
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; total length
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<quantity box="[457,556,1328,1356]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.03" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="cm" value="10.3">10.3cm</quantity>
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; bill
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<quantity box="[619,678,1328,1356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="cm" value="1.0">1cm</quantity>
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; tail
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<quantity box="[740,823,1328,1356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="cm" value="4.2">4.2cm</quantity>
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; tarsus
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<quantity box="[919,1002,1328,1356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="cm" value="2.1">2.1cm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[192,1381,201,1951]" box="[192,510,1480,1508]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading bold="true" box="[192,510,1480,1508]" fontSize="12" level="7" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,510,1480,1508]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Description of holotype</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[192,1381,201,1951]" lastBlockId="33.[192,1394,201,2002]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">The crown (from forehead to nape) is cold brown (2.5Y 2/2), delimited below by a narrow long white supercilium from bill base to napeside. Lores dark greyish brown (2.5Y 3/1) extending to just behind eye in the form of an eyestripe cutting through a broken white eye ring formed by small feathers peripheral to the eye. Black rictal bristles. Ear coverts and malar, facial and moustachial regions show white-and-dusky grizzling. Most of upperparts, including mantle, scapulars and rump, are mid-olive (5Y 4/4), while remiges are distinctly darker-olive (5Y 3/2) but have paler olive outer edging concolorous with mantle. Upperwing coverts have outer webs largely concolorous with mantle and inner webs concolorous with remiges. Rectrices are dark olive above (5Y 3/2) with brighter basal edging roughly concolorous with mantle, and have a more silvery sheen below (5Y 5/1). The white chin and throat are characterized by sporadic dusky speckles and lemon streaks increasing towards the lower throat, and grading into a fully lemon to sulphur yellow breast and belly (5Y 9/12). The yellow on the breast and belly has an olive-mottled appearance because of olive feather tips (5Y 4/4), especially pronounced towards the flanks, and white feather bases, especially pronounced towards the abdomen. The vent is solid lemon-yellow (5Y8/7). Iris dark-brown; bill black. Tarsus, toes and claws pinkish-grey with toepads paler yellowish.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="33.[192,1394,201,2002]" box="[192,324,1016,1044]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<heading bold="true" box="[192,324,1016,1044]" fontSize="12" level="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,324,1016,1044]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="33.[192,1394,201,2002]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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A small
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<taxonomicName authorityName="F.Boie" authorityYear="1826" box="[300,471,1089,1117]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[300,471,1089,1117]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Phylloscopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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leaf-warbler typical of the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Salvadori" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[820,1036,1089,1119]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poliocephalus">
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<emphasis box="[820,1036,1089,1119]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P. poliocephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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leaf-warbler radiation from across Australo-Papua and Wallacea. Notable for its lack of both a central crown stripe and wingbars, and its lemon-yellow underparts contrasting with a white throat. As is typical for this cryptic genus, bioacoustic distinctions between this species and its neighbors are pronounced and possibly more important than morphological differences. Nevertheless, the new species differs strikingly from all other Wallacean members of the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Salvadori" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1110,1325,1457,1487]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poliocephalus">
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<emphasis box="[1110,1325,1457,1487]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P. poliocephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species complex in a number of plumage features.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="33.[192,1394,201,2002]" lastBlockId="34.[192,1394,201,1781]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Rheindt & Prawiradilaga & Ashar & Lee & Wu & Ng" authorityYear="2020" box="[288,479,1604,1634]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="suaramerdu">
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<emphasis box="[288,479,1604,1634]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P. suaramerdu</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from all other
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<taxonomicName authorityName="F.Boie" authorityYear="1826" box="[878,1049,1604,1632]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[878,1049,1604,1632]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Phylloscopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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residents of the Sulawesi sub-region (including
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<emphasis box="[476,862,1678,1708]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="A. B. Meyer & Wiglesworth" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[476,677,1680,1708]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sarasinorum">P. sarasinorum</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[690,862,1678,1708]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nesophilus">P. nesophilus</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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and the new species from Taliabu described below) by its white (not yellowish) supercilium and throat, and by its grey-and- white mottled sides of face (versus yellow-and-grey or unmottled appearance). It differs additionally from
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="A. B. Meyer & Wiglesworth" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[423,621,1901,1929]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sarasinorum">
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<emphasis box="[423,621,1901,1929]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P. sarasinorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the lack of a pale central crown stripe, more olive- mottled breast, and lack of white in tail. It differs additionally from
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<taxonomicName box="[1059,1232,1972,2002]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nesophilus">
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<emphasis box="[1059,1232,1972,2002]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P. nesophilus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in its greater contrast between crown and mantle color, and – in particular from the geographically proximate eastern and south-eastern Sulawesi populations – in its paler yellow lower underparts. For differences from the new species from Taliabu, see below in SM6.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="34.[192,1394,201,1781]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Rheindt & Prawiradilaga & Ashar & Lee & Wu & Ng" authorityYear="2020" box="[288,479,422,451]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="suaramerdu">
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<emphasis box="[288,479,422,451]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">P. suaramerdu</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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generally differs from remaining members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Salvadori" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[1120,1335,422,451]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poliocephalus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1120,1335,422,451]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">P. poliocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex in the combination of dusky-and-white facial grizzling and a paler yellow, mottled breast. Specifically, the new species differs additionally from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[985,1348,569,599]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="poliocephalus" subSpecies="giulianettii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[985,1348,569,599]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">P. poliocephalus giulianettii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Central Papua) and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Seram)" authorityName="Seram" baseAuthorityName="Seram" box="[456,747,642,672]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ceramensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[456,635,644,672]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">P. ceramensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Seram)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its lack of wingbars and lack of a central crown stripe; from
|
||
<emphasis box="[350,598,716,746]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
P.
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Salvadori" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[386,598,716,746]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poliocephalus">p. poliocephalus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(West Papua),
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Obi, Bacan)" authorityName="Obi, Bacan" baseAuthorityName="Obi, Bacan" box="[795,1160,716,746]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="waterstradti">
|
||
<emphasis box="[795,986,716,746]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">P. waterstradti</emphasis>
|
||
(Obi, Bacan)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Buru)" authorityName="Buru" baseAuthorityName="Buru" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="everetti">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1222,1354,718,746]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">P. everetti</emphasis>
|
||
(Buru)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its lack of wingbars and browner (versus greyish) crown; from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1127,1230,790,819]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="floris">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1127,1230,790,819]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">P. floris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Flores) in its white (versus intensely yellow) throat and less bright olive upperparts; and from
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Timor)" authorityName="Timor" baseAuthorityName="Timor" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="presbytes">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1265,1292,865,893]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">P.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[192,313,937,965]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">presbytes</emphasis>
|
||
(Timor)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the lack of a central crown stripe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="34.[192,1394,201,1781]" box="[192,340,1084,1112]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[192,340,1084,1112]" fontSize="12" level="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" reason="2">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,340,1084,1112]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="34.[192,1394,201,1781]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
The new species name is derived from “suara merdu” in Bahasa Indonesia, translating as “melodious voice”, referring to the pleasing vocalizations of this bird that FER heard hours before the first individual was seen, allowing for predictions prior to visual confirmation that this would be a new
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="F.Boie" authorityYear="1826" box="[456,627,1378,1406]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[456,627,1378,1406]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Phylloscopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
leaf-warbler to science. The expression is treated as a noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="34.[192,1394,201,1781]" box="[192,976,1604,1632]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,976,1604,1632]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Individual, sex and age-related variation within the taxon</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="34.[192,1394,201,1781]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Only one adult male (the holotype) is available, but observations and photos of additional adult specimens suggest limited intra-specific variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="35.[192,1393,201,1928]" box="[192,468,201,229]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[192,468,201,229]" fontSize="12" level="7" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="2">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,468,201,229]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">History of discovery</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="35.[192,1393,201,1928]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
During a visit to the highlands of Peleng between 23-30 March 2009, FER and Filip Verbelen frequently encountered this species at elevations between 700-900m (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="F. E. Rheindt & F. Verbelen & D. D. Putra & A. Rahman & M. Indrawan" box="[1084,1116,348,376]" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="181 - 207" part="130" refId="ref29343" refString="49. F. E. Rheindt, F. Verbelen, D. D. Putra, A. Rahman, M. Indrawan, New biogeographic records in the avifauna of Peleng Island (Sulawesi, Indonesia), with taxonomic notes on some endemic taxa. Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club 130, 181 - 207 (2010)." title="New biogeographic records in the avifauna of Peleng Island (Sulawesi, Indonesia), with taxonomic notes on some endemic taxa" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1084,1116,348,376]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">49</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). When hiking up to these elevations for the first time and hearing the melodious warble of this taxon in the distance, its superficial vocal resemblance to other members of the Wallacean
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="F.Boie" authorityYear="1826" box="[1196,1367,495,523]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1196,1367,495,523]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Phylloscopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
radiation prompted FER to predict that this would be a new leaf-warbler taxon long before they laid their eyes on it. Once they first saw it, it was noticeable for its unusual behavior of frequently climbing along larger branches and trunks of trees in the manner of a treecreeper (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[203,301,790,818]" class="Aves" family="Certhiidae" genus="Certhia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[203,301,790,818]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Certhia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). On our collecting expedition to Peleng between 18-23 Dec 2013, the species was less commonly encountered (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="F. E. Rheindt & D. M. Prawiradilaga & S. Suparno & H. Ashari & P. R. Wilton" box="[568,600,863,891]" journalOrPublisher="Treubia" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="61 - 90" part="41" refId="ref27737" refString="19. F. E. Rheindt, D. M. Prawiradilaga, S. Suparno, H. Ashari, P. R. Wilton, New and significant island records, range extensions and elevational extensions of birds in eastern Sulawesi, its nearby satellites, and Ternate. Treubia 41, 61 - 90 (2014)." title="New and significant island records, range extensions and elevational extensions of birds in eastern Sulawesi, its nearby satellites, and Ternate" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
<emphasis box="[568,600,863,891]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">19</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), probably because of seasonality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="35.[192,1393,201,1928]" box="[192,507,1016,1044]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[192,507,1016,1044]" fontSize="12" level="7" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="2">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,507,1016,1044]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Distribution and status</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="35.[192,1393,201,1928]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
This new leaf-warbler is restricted to the highland forests of western Peleng in the Banggai Archipelago at elevations above 700m, reaching the highest island altitude above 1000m (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="73.[192,239,1773,1801]" captionTargetBox="[192,1344,192,1728]" captionTargetId="figure@73.[192,1344,192,1728]" captionText="Fig. S2. Google Earth satellite map of Peleng and Banggai (top) and the western half of Taliabu (bottom). Peleng and Banggai are the two largest islands of the “Banggai Archipelago”. Our main collection site, an unnamed locality “above Kokolomboi [village]”, is mapped with a yellow pin. Areas above 800m elevation are circled with a red line, indicating the presence of montane vegetation. The island of Taliabu is the largest member of the “Sula Archipelago”. Our main collection locality “Waiyo dinahana” is mapped with a yellow pin. Areas above 1,050 m elevation are circled with a red line, indicating the presence of a peculiar montane stunted forest vegetation. Within the montane zone above 1,050m, areas degraded by logging activity as reflected on Google Earth satellite imagery are mapped in turquoise and areas burnt down by extensive fires in the 1980s are mapped in dark-green. Given the outdated status of some of the satellite imagery, present-day forest degradation is likely more extensive than shown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3608762" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3608762/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">fig. S2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Its presence on other islands in the Banggai Archipelago must be in serious doubt because only one of them, the small island of Bangkulu, slightly exceeds 600m in elevation, of which only 5 ha of land lie above 600m, still well below the lowest known elevational occurrence of the new species. Beyond the Banggai Archipelago,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rheindt & Prawiradilaga & Ashar & Lee & Wu & Ng" authorityYear="2020" box="[1035,1226,1457,1487]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="suaramerdu">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1035,1226,1457,1487]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. suaramerdu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is replaced by Sulawesi Leaf-Warbler
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[538,710,1531,1561]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nesophilus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[538,710,1531,1561]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. nesophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the adjacent peninsula of Sulawesi to the west as well as by another new species (see below) on the Sula Archipelago to the east.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="35.[192,1393,201,1928]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
The conservation situation of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rheindt & Prawiradilaga & Ashar & Lee & Wu & Ng" authorityYear="2020" box="[670,861,1678,1708]" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="suaramerdu">
|
||
<emphasis box="[670,861,1678,1708]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">P. suaramerdu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
must be equally dire as that of the new Peleng Fantail
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rheindt & Prawiradilaga & Ashar & Lee & Wu & Ng" authorityYear="2020" box="[384,627,1752,1780]" class="Aves" family="Rhipiduridae" genus="Rhipidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="habibiei">
|
||
<emphasis box="[384,627,1752,1780]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Rhipidura habibiei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with a natural extent of occurrence not much larger than 25,000 ha (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[336,425,1825,1853]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="73.[192,239,1773,1801]" captionTargetBox="[192,1344,192,1728]" captionTargetId="figure@73.[192,1344,192,1728]" captionText="Fig. S2. Google Earth satellite map of Peleng and Banggai (top) and the western half of Taliabu (bottom). Peleng and Banggai are the two largest islands of the “Banggai Archipelago”. Our main collection site, an unnamed locality “above Kokolomboi [village]”, is mapped with a yellow pin. Areas above 800m elevation are circled with a red line, indicating the presence of montane vegetation. The island of Taliabu is the largest member of the “Sula Archipelago”. Our main collection locality “Waiyo dinahana” is mapped with a yellow pin. Areas above 1,050 m elevation are circled with a red line, indicating the presence of a peculiar montane stunted forest vegetation. Within the montane zone above 1,050m, areas degraded by logging activity as reflected on Google Earth satellite imagery are mapped in turquoise and areas burnt down by extensive fires in the 1980s are mapped in dark-green. Given the outdated status of some of the satellite imagery, present-day forest degradation is likely more extensive than shown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3608762" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3608762/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">fig. S2</figureCitation>
|
||
), of which at least ~40% appears to have been seriously degraded or destroyed by now. For more detailed information, see SM2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[192,784,201,230]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="36.[192,1393,201,1946]" box="[192,784,201,230]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
For a detailed
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[376,649,201,229]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">taxonomic rationale</emphasis>
|
||
, see SM6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |